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Geocoding—The Foundation For Spatial AnalyticsBerk Charlton, Managing Director of Product Management
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 2
PB Location Intelligence Disciplines
The capability to organize and understand complex relationships between location and other data in order to drive business decisions through:
Geocoding Spatial DataIntegration
Spatial Analytics
Data Mapping &Visualization
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 3
Geocoding Overview
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 4
PB Geocoding Product - Overview
• GeoStan (Group 1) – US / Canada
• Centrus Desktop (Group 1) – US / Canada
• MapMarker Desktop – U.S., Canada, UK, Australia
• MapMarker Server – 6 Countries
• Enterprise Geocoding Module – 123 Countries
• Global Geocoding API – 123 Countries
• MapInfo Pro / EGM - Desktop Geocoding Client
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 5
Geocoding
o A process that assigns a latitude/longitude coordinate to an address. Once a lat/long is assigned, the geocoded address can be displayed on a map, used in a decision making workflow, used in a transaction and/or injected into a larger business process.
Street City St ZIP
4383 Apple
Boulder
CO 80303
4383 Apple CtBoulder CO 80301-1745-105.248599, 40.054337
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 6
The Geocoding Process…
18, rue Paul-Lefarge, 9204Paris-La Defense 10
o Standardize Address according to country rules
o Cleanse Address
o Verify / Validate Address
o Match to Street Data / Local Geography
o Return Detailed Address and Location Codes for additional decision making
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 7
Many ways to Geocode . . .
•Interpolated Street Address•Intersection•Parcel Centroid•Street segment•Postal codes•City / Place Centroid•Landmarks / Points of Interest / Business Name•Neighborhoods•User-Generated Street-centerline and Point data
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 8
PB Geocoding Product - Overview
• GeoStan (Group 1) – US / Canada
• Centrus Desktop (Group 1) – US / Canada
• MapMarker Desktop – U.S., Canada, UK, Australia
• MapMarker Server – 6 Countries
• Enterprise Geocoding Module – 123 Countries
• Global Geocoding API – 123 Countries
• MapInfo Pro / EGM Geocoding Client
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 9
Point-in-polygon Distance to a boundaryDistance betweentwo locations
Why Geocode?
Geocoding allows spatial decisions to be made• What’s the nearest . . .?• What is this point inside / close to?• What is the value / risk / danger . . .?
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 10
A Brief History of GeocodingJohn Snow and the 1854 London Cholera Epidemic• Miasma Theory Disproved• Birth of Epidemiology
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 11
Brief History of Geocoding
• 1980’s – ZIP Centroid, DIME Files• Early 1990’s – TIGER, GDT (County-based)• Mid 1990’s – US Nationwide geocoding • 2000 – Geocoding with Full Postal Conflation
with Monthly Data Updates and CASS matching rules
• Early 2000’s - Street-level Intl Geocoding • 2005 – Parcel Centroid Geocoding• 2006 – Reverse Geocoding• Late 2000’s – Geocoding Explosion with
MapQuest, Google, Bing Maps, GPS and Mobile• 2010 and beyond – POIs, Indoor geocoding, 3D
geocoding
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 12
Reverse Geocoding - Defined
Reverse Geocoding returns an ADDRESS for a given coordinate, usually a Latitude / LongitudeLat/Lons typically generated from a GPS-enable device such as a smart phone
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015
Reverse Geocoding
13
Reverse geocoding is more complex than forward geocoding; the number of possible answers are greater.
Reverse geocoding also cascades from most accurate to least accurate possible locations, including point-level address, interpolated address, street centerline, etc.
Input Coordinates:
Latitude: 40.008050Longitude: -105.240945
Output Address:
4423 Colorado AveBoulder, CO 80303-2175
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 14
Point-Level Geocoding Updates
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 15
Geocoding – Address Interpolation
Interpolation approximates the location of an address based on the length of the segment and the address range assigned to the segment.
For example, an address of 49 Main Street is halfway into the address range, so it is located half way along the segment on the odd side.
Note: Sprint owns TomTom Streets w/ EGM today
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 16
Geocoding – Point Level is the New Accuracy Standard
Positional accuracy is close to exact
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 17
Point-Level vs. Interpolated Geocodes
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 18
Some Applications Require Very High Confidence in Location Accuracy
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 19
Master Location Data
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 20
Master Location Data
• 167 Million Addresses
• Includes virtually all deliverable postal addresses…and we are looking for more
• Millions of non-postal street address in smaller communities and gated communities
• Millions of Base Addresses for multi-residential and commercial properties
• Locations don’t move if interpolated, and under 50ft move
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015
Location Codes
21
Sept 2014 July 2015
AP05 Structure centroid 7.1m
AP02 Parcel centroid 132m 131m
AP21 Base parcel point (synthetic) 0.7m 0.7m
AP22 Backfill address pointThe precise parcel centroid is unknown. The address location assigned is based on two known parcel centroids.
3.9m 4.6m
AP23 Virtual address pointThe precise parcel centroid is unknown. The address locationassigned is relative to a known parcel centroid and a streetsegment end point.
5.9m 5.6m
AP24 Interpolated address pointThe precise parcel centroid is unknown. The address locationassigned is based on street segment end points.
11.9m 10.9m
Total 156m 160m
It’s all about Precision!
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 22
Master Location Data Uses Every Available U.S. Address as a Geocoding Reference Data Set, Geocoded to It’s Best available Location.
MLD Address Fabric is an unlocked version of the base data used to create MLD, and can be used for analytical purposes within an organization
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 23
Example of “Backfill” address points (P22), interpolated between two known parcel centroids
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 24
Example of “Backfill” address points (P22), interpolated between two known parcel centroidsShown with building footprints and Parcel Boundaries
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 25
Master Location Data – Extended Attributes
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 26
Minimum Enclosing Circle Example of MLD Point
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 27
Master Location Data & GeoEnrichment
Example – U.S. Property Attributes. Link to MLD Unique ID• Over 200 Fields of Information collected from County
Governments• Ownership Information• Building and structure information• # of Beds / Baths• Roof Type / Roof structure• Financing Information
• Valuation Information• Much, Much More
• Available Q4 2015
U.S. Property AttributesA Wealth of Available Information
Owner John & Jane Doe Purchase Date May 23, 2002
Land Value$90,500
Improvements Value$330,000
Built As: 1 1/2 Story Fin Year Built: 2000
Exterior:Frame Masonry
VeneerHVAC: Central Air to Air
Interior Finish: Drywall Built As SQ Ft: 2220
# of Baths: 5 Roof Type: Hip
# of Bdrms: 3 Roof Cover: Spanish Shingle
# of Stories: 2 More….
Assessor Parcel Number: 25-36-16-30-27-25Address: 21550 SW 92nd Pl Miami Fl 33189
County: Brevard (12009)
Point Latitude: 28.312365
Point Longitude: -80.731393
City Use Description: Single Family Residence
City Use Code: 011021550 SW 92nd Pl Miami, FL 33189
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 29
Global Geocoding Coverage
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 30
PB Global Geocoding Strategy
Go DeepDepth of Coverage within a Country
Go WideBroad
Country Coverage
OEM DataPartner with Best-In Class in-country Data Providers
Operational Focus
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 31
PB Geocoding: - 123 Countries at Point and Street Level - Full Forward and Reverse Geocoding Support - 240+ Countries / Territories at Place & Postal Level
Enterprise Geocoding Module is a Foundational Component of Spectrum Spatial
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 33
GeoComplete Module
GeoComplete ModuleGlobal Type-Ahead & AutoSuggestPoint of Interest Search
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015
GeoComplete Module
35
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 36
Enterprise Geooding Module – Integration with MapInfo Professional
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 37
Spectrum
MapInfo Pro / Enterprise Geocoding Module IntegrationSimplified Architecture
Global Geocoding
Module
Global Geocoding API
(OEM Version)
3rd Party Application MapInfo Pro
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 38
Mapinfo Pro / EGM Full Integration
• Available Fall 2015• New Interface in 2016 Release• Pro will be a full Geocoding Client for Enterprise
Geocoding Module• Local Geocoding Language Support
Geocode
Process
Close
Help
Input
Geocoding & Matching Options
Output (Candidate Return Values)
Server Configuration
Input Table Addresses
Create Points
Geocode Level
StreetMatching
Automatic – Accept First
More Options
Fallback to Postal Fallback to Geograph
Output Table Addresses
More Options
Save as Default
Pitney Bowes | The Foundation For Spatial Analytics | Sept 2015 39
Q & A