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oTYPES

oCATEGORIESoCONSERVATION

oMOVEMENTS

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Forests play a key role in

the ecological system asthese are also the primary

Producers on which all theother living beings depend.

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India is one of the richest countries in

terms of its vast array of biological

diversity

and has nearly 8 percent of the total

number of species in the world.

These diverse flora and fauna are so

well integrated in our daily life that wetake these for granted.

At least 10 percent of Indias recorded

wild flora and fauna are on threatenedlist.

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Dimensions of forest cover in

India is estimated at 637,293 sq.km , which is 19.39% of the

geographical area , i.e. ,

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Normal species : Species whose population level is

considered to be normal for their survival.

Endangered species : species which are on the verge of

extinction.

Vulnerable species : species which are likely to be

moved in to the endangered category.

Rare species : species with small population which

may move in to the endangered or vulnerable category.

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Endemic species :- species which are found

on isolated areas.

Extinct species :- species which have beenvanished from the Earth.

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Normal

species :-

cattle, Sal

,pine

Endangered

species :-

blackbuck,

Indian wildass,

crocodile

Vulnerable

species :-

blue sheep,

Asiaticelephant

Rare species

:- Wild

Asiatic

buffalo

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Endemic

species :-

nicobarpigeon

Extinct

species :-

pinkheaded

duck

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In India , most of its forest and

wildlife resources are eitherowned by government or

managed by the governmentthrough the Forest Department.

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:-Reserved Forests: More than half of the total

forest land has been declared reserved forests.

Protected Forests: Almost one-third of the

total forest area is protected forest, as declared

by the Forest Department.

Un classed Forests: These are other

forests and wastelands belonging toboth government and private individuals

and communities.

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19511980 :- Forest area converted into

agricultural land all over India.

1951 :- Over 5000 sq. km of forests cleared for

river valley projects.

Mining is yet another factor behind deforestation.

Grazing and fuel wood collection are degrading

factors.

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Conservation protects the ecological

diversity and our life support systems

air water soil.

1960s and 1970s conservationists

demanded a national wildlife program .

Central government also announced

several projects for specific animals

including tiger three types of crocodiles.

These projects focus on biodiversity

rather than on a few of its components.

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Tiger is one of the key wildlife species in the

faunal web.

Project Tiger one of the well publicized

wildlife campaigns in the world , was launched in

1973.

Corbett national parks in Uttranchal,Sunder ban

s national Park in West Bengal, BandhavgarhNational Park in Madhya Pradesh are some of

the tiger reserves of India.

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Chipko movement

Beej bachao andolan

Navdanya andolan

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Name :- Bhavya ShrivastwaClass :- 10b

Subject :- Geography