Geography of Canadawww.CraigMarlatt.com/school

Forestry

Forestry

1. Canada’s Forest Resource

2. Methods of Harvesting Forests

3. Forestry Issues

Pacific Maritime

Montane Cordillera

Boreal Shield

Canada’s Forest Resource

Pacific Maritime

Montane Cordillera

Boreal Shield

Canada’s Forest Resource

Boreal means northern in

Russian

Boreal Shield

Boreal Forest

Boreal Forest

The northern Boreal Forest is dominated by only two species of trees - Black Spruce and White Spruce.

Taiga is the Russian word for forest.

Boreal Forest

Black Spruce White Spruce Balsam Fir Jack Pine

Cedar Tamarack White Birch Poplar

Boreal Forest

Pacific Maritime

Pacific Maritime Forest

Douglas Fir Sitka Spruce

Pacific Maritime Forest

Western Red Cedar

Western Hemlock

Pacific Maritime Forest

Montane Cordillera

Montane Cordillera Forest

Engelmann SprucePonderosa Pine Douglas Fir

Montane Cordillera Forest

Pulp and Paper Products

Quebec

$11575 million

Ontario

$10018 million

British Columbia

$7514 million

Other Provinces

$7286 million

Value of Forest Industry

British Columbia

$11 234 million

Quebec

$5306 million

Ontario

$3454 million

Alberta $1731 million

New Brunswick $751 million

Other Provinces $780 million

Value of Forest Industry

Wood Products

Clear-cutting

Shelterwood Cutting

Selective cutting

Methods of Harvesting Forests

Trees up to 25" in diameter can be cut with the XL25.

Methods of Harvesting Forests

Loggers remove every tree and leave a barren landscape.

When replanted, the new forest grows uniformly in

species and size

Methods of Harvesting Forests

Clear Cutting

Involves clear-cutting only part of an old growth forest

Small groups of seed bearing trees are left so the area will

regenerate.

Shelterwood method is often used in forests that have grown and aged evenly

Methods of Harvesting Forests

Shelterwood Cutting

Another shot of the same stand in an area that has been finished--except for picking up a few logs.  The stand is about 65 years old.

Only mature trees of the desired size, type or quality

Selective Cutting

Methods of Harvesting Forests

Too few trees are replanted?

= Soil erosion

Forestry Issues

Forestry Issues

Clogged Rivers

Air Pollution

Water Pollution

Forestry Issues

Aerial Spraying

Forest Fires

Forestry Issues

Forestry Issues

Destruction of Wildlife Habitat