Geography of Mumbai City Mumbai consists of two distinct regions: Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district , which form two separate revenue districts of Maharashtra. [99] The city region is also commonly referred to as the Island City orSouth Mumbai . [100] The total area of Mumba i is 603.4 km 2 (233 sq mi), [101] with the area of 437.71 km 2 (169 sq mi), the island city spanning 67.79 km 2 (26 sq mi) and the suburban district spanning 370 km 2 (143 sq mi), coming under the administration ofBrihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC), while the remaining area belongs to Defence, Mumbai Port Trust, Atomic Energy Commission and Borivali National Park, which are out ofthe jurisdiction of the BMC. [102] Mumbai lies at the mouth of theUlhas Riveron the western coast of India, in the coastal region known as the Konkan. It sits on Salsette Island, partially shared with the Thane district. [103] Mumbai is surrounded by the Arabian Sea to the west. [104] Many parts of the city lie just above sea level, with elevations ranging from 10 m (33 ft) to 15 m (49 ft); [105] the city has an average elevation of 14 m (46 ft). [106] Northern Mumbai (Salsette) is hilly, [107] and the highest point in the city is 450 m (1,476 ft) at Salsette in the Powai-Kanheri ranges. [108] Sanjay Gandhi National Park(Borivali National Park) is located partly in the Mumbai suburban district , and partly in the Thane district, and it extends over an area of 103.09 km 2 (39.80 sq mi). [109] Apart from the Bhatsa Dam, there are six major lakes that supply water to the city: Vihar,LowerVaitarna, Upper Vaitarna, Tulsi, Tansa andPowai. [110] Tulsi Lake and Vihar Lake are located in Borivili National Park, within the city's limits. [111] The supply from Powai lake, also within the cit y limits , is use d onl y for agr icultu ral and ind ust ri al pur pos es. [112] Three small rivers, the Dahisar River, Poinsar (or Poisar) and Ohiwara (or Oshiwara) originate within the park, while the polluted Mithi Riverorigi nates from Tulsi Lake and gathers water overfl owing from Viharand Powai Lakes. [113] The coastline of the city is indented with numerous creeks and bays, stretching from Thane creekon the easte rn to Madh Marve on the western front . [114] The eastern coast of Salsette Island is covered with large mangroveswamps, rich in biodiversity, while the western coast is mostly sandy and rocky. [115]
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