Geography Geography Understanding our planet Understanding our planet

INTRODUCTION TO:INTRODUCTION TO:-Latitude and Longitude-Latitude and Longitude-Hemispheres-Hemispheres-Cardinal/Intermediate -Cardinal/Intermediate directionsdirections-Scale-Scale-Time Zones-Time Zones-Legend-Legend

Review of Continents Review of Continents ►Our Planet has 7 ContinentsOur Planet has 7 Continents

North America North America South America South America Europe Europe Asia Asia Africa Africa AustraliaAustralia Antarctica Antarctica

Latitude and LongitudeLatitude and Longitude►The earth is divided into lots of The earth is divided into lots of

lines called lines called latitudelatitude and and longitudelongitude..

LinesLines►LATITUDELATITUDE lines measure how far north lines measure how far north

and south of the equator. (horizontal)and south of the equator. (horizontal)►LONGITUDELONGITUDE lines measure how far east lines measure how far east

and west of the prime meridian.(Vertical) and west of the prime meridian.(Vertical) ►The lines measure distances in degrees. The lines measure distances in degrees.

Latitude

Longitude

Where is the Equator?Where is the Equator?►The The equatorequator is 0 degrees is 0 degrees

latitude. latitude. ►It is an imaginary belt that runs It is an imaginary belt that runs

halfway point between the North halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole. (Middle of Pole and the South Pole. (Middle of the world)the world)Equator

Where is 0 degree?Where is 0 degree?►The The prime meridianprime meridian is 0 degrees is 0 degrees

longitude. It runs from pole to pole. longitude. It runs from pole to pole. This imaginary line runs through the This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica.western Africa, and Antarctica.

Prime Meridian

How do we write it?How do we write it?►Latitude is always measured and Latitude is always measured and

written first and longitude is always written first and longitude is always measured and written second.measured and written second.

►For example: For example: Vancouver BC isVancouver BC is

► 49 N and 124 W49 N and 124 W

HemispheresHemispheres►By using the equator and By using the equator and

prime meridian, we can prime meridian, we can divide the world into four divide the world into four hemisphereshemispheres, north, south, , north, south, east, and west. east, and west.

CompassCompass►A A compasscompass is a tool that is a tool that

helps the user know what helps the user know what direction one is headed.direction one is headed.

A compass has a magnetized needle. A compass has a magnetized needle. The needle moves to help the user.The needle moves to help the user.

Compass RoseCompass Rose►A A Compass Rose Compass Rose appears on a appears on a

map and displays the four major map and displays the four major directions.directions.

Source: http://aerocompass.larc.nasa.gov

DirectionsDirections►The The CARDINAL DIRECTIONS CARDINAL DIRECTIONS are north, are north,

south, east, and west.south, east, and west.►The The INTERMEDIATE DIRECTIONS INTERMEDIATE DIRECTIONS are are

northeast, southeast, southwest and northeast, southeast, southwest and northwest.northwest.

► . .

ScaleScale►Maps are made to Maps are made to scalescale; that is, there is ; that is, there is a a

direct connection between a unit of direct connection between a unit of measurement on the map and the actual measurement on the map and the actual distance.distance.

►For example, each inch on the map For example, each inch on the map represents one mile on Earth. So, a map of represents one mile on Earth. So, a map of a town would show a mile-long strip of fast a town would show a mile-long strip of fast food joints and auto dealers in one inch.food joints and auto dealers in one inch.

Scale

Time ZonesTime Zones►The Earth is divided into The Earth is divided into 24 time 24 time

zoneszones, corresponding to 24 hours in a , corresponding to 24 hours in a day. day.

►As the earth rotates, the sun shines As the earth rotates, the sun shines in different areas, moving from east in different areas, moving from east to west during the course of a day. to west during the course of a day.

►Places that have the same Places that have the same longitude will be in the same time zone.will be in the same time zone.

Map LegendsMap Legends►The The legendlegend is the key to unlocking the is the key to unlocking the

secrets of a map. secrets of a map. Objects or colors in Objects or colors in the legend represent something on the the legend represent something on the mapmap. .

Religions Legend

Can you understand this Can you understand this legend?legend?

Age ExpectancyAge Expectancy

Legend