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Geohazard Supersites and Natural Laboratories
• Overview: GEO & Supersites • Science challenges, achievements and examples• Coordination of data contributions (space & in‐situ)
Wolfgang Lengert, ESAFalk Amelung, University of Miami, GEO task leadCraig Dobson, NASA, CEOS task leadFrancesco Gaetani, GEO secretariat
FRINGE 2011, Frascati, Italy, September 19, 2011
More detail in Supersite Splinter meetingWednesday 21’th Spet.
08:40 – 10:40 James Cook room
More detail in Supersite Splinter meetingWednesday 21’th Spet.
08:40 – 10:40 James Cook room
© GEO SecretariatU.S. Department of State, Washington DCJuly 31, 2003
Group on Earth ObservationsIntergovernmental Organization with 86 members and
61 participating organizations Construct by 2015: Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS)
© GEO SecretariatU.S. Department of State, Washington DCJuly 31, 2003
Group on Earth ObservationsIntergovernmental Organization with 83 members and
59 participating organizations (as of October 2010)Construct by 2015: Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS)
GEO data sharing principles
accepted by 2010 Plenary:
open, free access for science
GEO data sharing principles
accepted by 2010 Plenary:
open, free access for science
GEOSS - System of Systems
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems is simultaneouslyaddressing nine areas of critical importance to people and society. It aims to empower the international community to protect itself against natural and human‐induced disasters, understand the environmental sources of health hazards, manage energy resources, respond to climate change and its impacts, safeguard water resources, improve weather forecasts, manage ecosystems, promote sustainable agriculture and conserve biodiversity.
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems is simultaneouslyaddressing nine areas of critical importance to people and society. It aims to empower the international community to protect itself against natural and human‐induced disasters, understand the environmental sources of health hazards, manage energy resources, respond to climate change and its impacts, safeguard water resources, improve weather forecasts, manage ecosystems, promote sustainable agriculture and conserve biodiversity.
What are GEO’s geohazard Supersites?
- This GEO initiative to better understand the geophysical processes causing geohazards (earthquakes and volcanoes).
- Global partnership of scientists, satellite and in-situ data providers (multi-sensor InSAR, seismic, GPS, complete data sets!)
- Data can support national authorities and policy makers in risk assessment and mitigation strategies.
GEO task in Workplan 2009‐2011DI‐09‐01: Systematic Monitoring for Geohazards Risk Assessment
c) Supersites and Natural Laboratories
Pooling Satellite imagery and terrestrial in‐situ data for earthquake and volcano studies.
There are 3 different level of sites:•Supersite all data •Event Supersite all data in case of large scale event•Natural Laboratories Global Network of Natural Laboratories. Providing online access to historic multi‐sensor SAR data sets (digital heritage of Earth Observation for geohazards).
1 million ERS/Envisat frames, under investigation.
Strategic Goal & definition
Data sets• Seismic,GPS• SAR• (gas, gravity change)time delay for ground-based data as desired by observatory
• Seismic,GPS• SAR• (gas, gravity change)time delay for ground-based data as desired by observatory
Japan Natural Laboratorycomplete ESA data set (>10,000 scenes)
50.000 ESA SAR science in the Cloud Virtual Archive(ESA processed data & repatriated data with a recent upload of up to 2500 products a day)
Web portal managed by UNAVCO has proven in particular for Haiti and Japan Earthquake to become the science reference point
50.000 ESA SAR science in the Cloud Virtual Archive(ESA processed data & repatriated data with a recent upload of up to 2500 products a day)
Web portal managed by UNAVCO has proven in particular for Haiti and Japan Earthquake to become the science reference point
In July the EC has released a call:
“Long‐term monitoring experiment in geologically active regions of
Europe prone to natural hazards: the Supersite concept”
FP7‐ENV‐2012‐two‐stage
6 M€ per project
Example 1: Etna 2007-2009
Flank motion visible from space!
Puglisi et al., INGV Catania
Envisat interferometryEnvisat interferometry
Multiple groups using same data better science!Multiple groups using same data better science!
TerraSAR‐X interferometryTerraSAR‐X interferometry
Lundgren, JPL Richter and Poland, Hawaii Volcano Observatory
Baker and Amelung, U of Miami
Lin and Okubo, U of Miami and HVO
Seismic tomography
Example 2: Kilauea
ALOS-2: 2 images/46 daysTerraSAR-X: 2 images/11 daysRSAT-2: 2 images/24 days Cosmo: 2 images/4 days Envisat: 2 images/30 daysSentinel: 2 images/12 daysKompsat-5, RISAT-1 (RISAT-3)
InSAR could provide new information about volcanic unrest and explosive eruptions
Space assets of GEO members
Daily to sub‐daily observations possible!Daily to sub‐daily observations possible!
The Rationale behind Event Supersites
Flood disaster Flood disaster
Weather satellites state of the atmosphere
Volcano disasterVolcano disaster
SAR satellites state of the Earth’s crust
Geological disaster response without InSAR == flood response without weather informationGeological disaster response without InSAR == flood response without weather information
Scientific information: Merapi, 2010New Orleans, 2005
Example 3: Haiti earthquake, January 2010
Supersites: ALOS and ESA
ALOS‐PALSAR data led to 2 Nature Geosciences articles!
Early scientific under‐standing of quake helpedfocussing response effortsMiami conference 2 month after quake
Contributions by:
ASI, CSA, DLR, ESA, JAXA, NASA, USGS, CNES
All agencies contributed data or high‐level products!• ASI – COSMO‐Skymed coseismic and postseismic interferograms• CSA – RADARSAT‐2 damage maps• DLR – TerraSAR‐X data, damage maps• ESA – ERS‐2 and Envisat ASAR data• JAXA – PALSAR data•NASA – imagery, interferograms and various high‐level products
Unrestricted access to raw signal data: ESA, DLR and JAXA.
Envisat orbit has been tuned to support Supersites Interferomtry
Example 4: Tohoku‐oki earthquake, March 2010
ERS‐2 data set:
Acquisitions: 32
Time span: 18‐Mar‐2011 – 01‐Jul‐2011
Interferograms: 80
SBASSBAS--DInSAR Mean deformation velocity mapDInSAR Mean deformation velocity map
<‐60
>60
cm/yr
=0.8cm
=1.4cm
=1.6cm
=0.9cm
: : SARSAR* : * : GPSGPS
ERS‐2 3 days repeatERS‐2 3 days repeat "GPS RINEX data provided by GSI (Japan) and processed by ARIA Team at JPL/Caltech
Complete existing Supersites (some SAR and ground‐based data are missing) Establish Natural Laboratories for
‐ Turkey (GEO Plenary)‐ Southeast Asia ‐ Central America‐ Japan‐ Hispaniola.
Concept:Background monitoring: low‐resolution sensors (ALOS‐2, Sentinel‐1) Earthquakes, volcanic unrest:high‐resolution sensors (TSX, Cosmo, RSAT‐2, Kompsat‐5).In‐situ data
Capacity building: Train scientists from natural laboratory countries.
Strategic Goals 2011‐2013:
What’s next ?
1. Gazikoy‐Saros 2. Istanbul (Supersite) 3. Havza 4. Susehri
Proposed coverage for the Turkey Natural Lab.
TerraSAR‐X
Other sensors
ESA data already available.
1. Gazikoy‐Saros 2. Istanbul (Supersite) 3. Havza 4. Susehri
Proposed coverage for the Turkey Natural Lab.
TerraSAR‐X
Other sensors
ESA data already available.
Next: Plan Natural laboratories for:Southeast AsiaCentral America, etc…
ModellingGPSGPS
Seismic Tomography
Seismic Tomography
The Vision: Supersites Apps…
All data in the Cloud,no worries about data format/access,
science conducted on Cloud.
All data in the Cloud,no worries about data format/access,
science conducted on Cloud.
Everybody can join and contribute data/apps!Everybody can join and contribute data/apps!
Thank you!
http://supersites.earthobservations.org
[email protected]@[email protected]@geosec.org
This presentation will be available from website.
More detail in Supersite Splinter meetingWednesday 21’th Spet.
08:40 – 10:40 James Cook room
More detail in Supersite Splinter meetingWednesday 21’th Spet.
08:40 – 10:40 James Cook room
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