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Ethiopian Ministry of MinesGeological Survey of Ethiopia
Geology of EthiopiaEthiopia has a complex geological history represented in three
major geological terrains. Late Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic
continental and marine sediments occur mainly in the eastern
part of Ethiopia. Also Cenozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks
occur, including those of the East African Rift Valley transecting
the country from south to north.
The most important terrain for gold exploration and exploitation
is the Proterozoic basement constituting about 18% of the
country. The basement hosts nearly all known gold occurrences.
The entire country is covered by this 1:2 000 000 scale geological
map, which was first published in 1973 and edited in 1996, while
the compilation of 1:250 000 scale maps is still ongoing. At
present 51% of the country is covered by 1:250 000 scale maps
and full coverage is expected before 2016. These maps are
available both in hard copy print and soft copy.
Geochemical surveys on different scales have been conducted in
different parts of the country with particular emphasis on the
assessment of the mineral potential of the Precambrian rocks. To
date c. 20% of the country has been covered by 1:100 000 scale
maps and for selected areas more detailed maps have been
compiled. From 2009 systematic geochemical mapping on a scale
of 1:250 000 integrated with geological and geophysical mapping
was started and coverage of 50% is expected before 2016. Further
the compilation of a 1:2 000 000 scale geochemical map and
metallogenic map has been initiated.
A considerable part of the greenstone belts in the Proterozoic
basement has been covered by airborne geophysical surveys. The
Ethiopian Government has approved a five-year strategic plan
(2011-2015) to cover the country by low–medium resolution,
airborne geophysical surveys, to compile a 1:500 000 scale gravity
map of Ethiopia and increase the coverage of the 1:250 000 scale
gravity map to around 50% of the country.
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5.Geological Map of Mekele Sheet (ND 37-11), 1:250,000.Geology compilation by Y.Arkin et.al. (1968-1971),EIGS.
7.Geological Map of Central and Southern Afar (Ethiopia and Djibouti) ,1:500,000 CNR-CNRS (1975).
4.Gological Map of Adiarkay Sheet (ND 37 -10) 1:250,000.Preliminary compilation by Tsegaye Hailu (1975) ,EIGS.
E Y21
3.Gological Map of Adirametse Sheet (ND 37 -9) 1:250,000.Geology compilation by Abera Aguma and Girma Kebede (1974-1976).EIGS.
9.Geological Map of Abu Ramla Sheet (NC 36 -4 NC 36-8),1:250,000.Compiled by Alemayehu Gudeya (1989). Unpublished.EIGS.
1.Geological Map of Ethiopia,1:2,000,000. Compiled by V.Kazmin (UN) 1972,MME.
2.Geological Map of Adigrat Sheet (ND 37 -7),1:250,000.Compilation by C.R.Garland (1972). Recompilation with ERTS data by V. Kazmin (1976) EIGS.
RE
A
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6
7
6.Geological Map of the Danakil Depression (Northern Afar,Ethiopia) 1:50,000 CNR-CNRS (1973).
8.Geological MAp of Ethiopia and Somalia 1:2,000,000 by Meria Gtm,Abate E.,Conti P., Segari M.,Tacconi P. (1973).
12.(a) Geological Map of Gore Sheet (NC 36 -16),1:250,000.Compilation by Mengesha Tefera and Seife M.Berhe .EIGS. (b) Geoogy of the Gore Gambela Geotraverse Area,Western Ethiopia 1:100,000 Compiled by J.M.Moore, Teklewold Ayalew and J.M.
11.Geological Map of Gimbi Sheet (NC 36-12) 1:250,000.Preliminary draft compilation by Amenti Abraham (1984) Unpublished .EIGS.
19.Geological Map of Ngele Sheet (Nb 37-2)1:250,000.Prilimnary comilation by Tilahun Balcha (1983).Published,EIGS.
20.Geological Map of the Ogaden and surrounding area 1:1,000,000.Compiled BEICIP (1985)
18.Geoloogical Map of Agere Mariam Sheet (NB 37-11) 1 250,000.Compiled by Woldegebriel Genzebu ,Nassir Hassen and Tesfaye Yemane ,(1990).Published,EIGS.
17.Geological Map of the 0mo River Area 1:500,000.Geological compilation by A.Davidson (1985).
16.Gological Map of Goba Sheet (NB 37 -7) 1:250,000.Preliminary compilation by Belay Desta (1985).Unpublished,EIGS.
15.Geological Map of the Ethipian Rift 1:500,000.Compiled by V.Kazmin and Seife M.Berhe (!981),Unpublished EIGS.
14.Geological Map of Nazret Sheet (NC 37-15) 1:250,000.Compiled by Seife M.Berhe and V.Kazmin,UN supervising geologist (1978),EIGS.
10.Geological Map of Kurmuk Assossa Sheet (NC 36 -7 & NC 36-8),1:250,000.Compiled by Mengesha Tefera (1990). Unpublished.EIGS.
21.Geological Map of Sololo (Na 37 -2) and Moyale (NA 37-3) Sheets 1:500,000. Priliminary compilation by G.Sabolovisky,Geology by Rergional Geology Department and Bulbul Hagere Mariam Project (1990) ,EIGS.
13.Geological Map of Dire Dawa Sheet (NC 37-12) 1:250,000. Compilation by Seife M.Berhe (1978),EIGS.
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Alluvial,lacustrine and marine sediments:Conglomerate,sand,clay,reef,limestone,marl and gypsum.
Rhyolitic volcanic centers,obsidian pitchstone,pumice,ignimbrite,tuff,subordinate trachytic flows (predominantly peralkaline in composition)
Hawaiite,mugearite,trachyte,andesine basalt and ferrobasalt.
Dino Formation:Ignimbrite,tuff,course pumice,waterlain pyroclastic rocks with rare intercalations of lacustrine sediments.
P2a
P2a Kg1
Qg
JgJh
Ju
Qg
Qg
Jg
Kg2
Jg
Jg2
Jg
Jg1
P2a
Ju
Jg
Jg
Jg
Ju
Ju
Jg
Jg1
Kg2
Jg2
P2aKg2
Kg2
P2a
Kg2
P2a
Kg2Kg2
Kg2
P2a
P2a
P2aP2a
P2a
P2a
P2a
Ju
Jg2
P2a
P2a
P2a
Jg2
P2a
P2a
P2a
Jg2
P2a
Jh
P2aP2a
Kg2
Kg2
Jg
Pj
Jg1
Jg2 Q
Ju
Jh
JhJh
Q
Jg2
Q
Q
Ka
Jg1
P2aJg1
Jg1
P2a
P2a
Ju Jh
KmQ
Jg2
Q
P2a
JuPR1r Ju
PNaPNa Ju
Jh Ja
Ju
JhJh
Ju
Ju
JhJu
PR1rJa
Jg
JgJh
Jh
JuJh
JuJu
ARl
Ja
ARlARl
JaJh
Ju
Q
ARl
Jh
JuJh
Ja
Jh
Ja
Jh
P2a
Jh
Jh
P2a
Ju
P2a
Jh
Gabredarre Formation : Kimmeridgia -Tithonian ; (Jg2) Upper unit and (Jg1) Lower unit :Limestone with shaly and gypsiferous units.
Adigrat Formation : Triassic-Middle Jurassic sandstone.
Hamanlei Formation : Oxfordian limestone and shale.
Abay Formation : Middle-Jurassic limestone,shale and gypsum.
Agula Formation :Kimmeridgian shale,marl and limestone.
a) Urandab Formation (Ju) : Oxfordian-Kmmerdgian marl and shaly limestoneb) Antalo Formation (Jt) : Limestone.
EARLY - LATE JURASSIC
Jg
Ju
Q
Pa
QPi
SO
MA
LI
Q
Kg2
P2a
Q
P2a
Q
Kg2
P2a
P2a
Q
Q
Q
P2a
Q
Q
Q
Kg2
Kg2
Kg2
P2a
Kg2
P2a
Kg2
Q
P2aKg2
Kg2
Kg2
Kg2
P2a
P2a
Q
Kg2
Kg2
P2a
Q
Km
Q
Kg2
QKm
Q
S
Q
Kg2
Kg2
Km Km
Kf
Kb
Kg2
Km
Km
Kb
Q
O
MPi
Pj
Kf
P2a
Km APi
SECOND EDITION,1996Compiled by Mengesha Tefera, Tadiwos Chernet and Workineh Haro Regional Geology Department,EIGS,1990.
Vectorization by Kebede Woldie and Nigussie Teshome,GSE,2005.
Copyright reserved
Note: The delineation of international boundaries must not be considered authoritative.
Projection-Longitude/Latitude ( WGS 84)
Copies of this map may be obtained from Geological Survey of EthiopiaP.O.Box 2302,Tel( 251 - 1) 463325,Fax. (251 - 1) 463326
Email: geology3@telecom. net. et Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2005.
Cartography by Nigussie Teshome and Kebede Woldie, Cartography and Surveying Service,EIGS,1996.
Topographic base map is obtained from the first Edition of Geological Map of Ethipia ,scale1:2,000,000 with ammendments.Published by the Ministry of Mines ,Geological Survey of Ethiopia,GSE.
Q Q
Km
Ju
Jg1
Jh
Jh
P2a
Kg2Kb
Ju
Ju
P2a
Pt
Pi
P2a
PaPi
P2a
P2a
P2a
Pa
Q
Pt
Q
L
I
Pa
A
A
Pk
Jg1
Km
Kg2Kg1
Jg2
Jag
Ja
Jt
Jb
Jh
EOCENE
P2a
Pk
Pt
Pa
Kf
Ka
CRETACEOUS
Pj
Kb
Korahe Formation (Main Gypsum Formation) : (Neocomian/Barremian)Upper Korahe (Kg2) gypsum, shale, dolomite and anhydrite intercalationLower Korahe (Kg1) shale and limestone with basal sandstone.
Mustahil Formation:Aptian-Albian limestone,marl and sandstone.
Karkar Formaytion : Middle-late Eocene limestone withmarly intercalations.
Taleh Formation:Erly-Middle Eocene:Anhydrite,gypsum,dolomite and clay
Auradu Formation:Late Paleocene-Early Eocene limestone.
Jessoma Formation:Late Cretaceous-Paleocene sandstone.
Amba Aradom Formation:Sandstone,conglomerate and shale.
Belet Uen Formation:Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian -Turonian)limestone with some sandstone and shale.
LATE JURASSIC
Ashangi Formation: Deeply weathered alkaline and trasitional basaltflows with rare intercalations of tuff,often tilted (includes AkoboBasalts of SW Ethiopia).
Ferfer Formation:Albabian-Cenomanian shale,dolomite and anhydrite.
Jimma Volcanics (Upper part) : Rhyolite and trachyte flows and tuff with minor basaltJimma Volcanics (Lower part) : Flood basalt with minor salic flows.
LATE EOCENE - LATE OLIGOCENEPjrPjb
Tonalite
Diorite
Gabbro
tn
dt
gb
Late Proterozoic Ultramafic Rocks : Serpentinite, peridotitedunite and talc schists.
Syn - tectonic granite.
Pre - tectonic and syn - tectonic granite.
Granodiorite and tonalite.
Granodiorite.
gt2
gt1
gd / tn
gd
Syncline : upright,overturned
Caldera
Field of small basaltic vents
Basic dykes and sills
Major plugs or group of small plugs
Anticline : upright,overturned
Synform
Antiform
Shield volcano of the Ethiopian Plateau.
Geological contact : observed,inferred.
Faults : observed,inferred.
Fault barb on downthrown side.
Other major volcanic edifices
OTHER SYMBOLS
0
0
Nrs
Nb Mursi and Bofa Basalts : Alkaline basalt
PLIOCENE - PLEISTOCENE
MIOCENE - PLIOCENE
NOtb
NQ
NcbNc
Ndb
Tulu Wolel Trachyte with subordinate basalt.
LATE MIOCENE
MIDDLE - MIOCENE
Nn
Na
Ntt
40
LEGEND
GEOLOGICAL MAP OF ETHIOPIA
40 80 kms.
80 miles
MIDDLE - LATE OLIGOCENE
Alage Formation : Transitional and subalkaline basalts with minorrhyolite and trachyte eruptives.
Arsi and Bale Basalts:Flood basalts often connected tovolcanic edifices,silisic near the upper part.
Makonnen Basalts:Flood basalts,commonly directly overlayingthe chrystalline basement.
Aiba Basalts:Flood basalts with rare basic tuff.
PNa
PNmb
PNab
P3a
OLIGOCENE - MIOCENE
Tarmaber Megezez Formation : Transitional and alkaline basalt.
Mabla and Arba Guracha Formation : Rhyolitic domes,flows andpyroclastic rocks of dominantly peralkaline composition withsubordinate trachyte and basalt flows interstratified at base.
Teltele and Surma Basalt : Flood basalts.
Adwa Formation : Trachyte and phonolite plug.
Ntb
Nmr
Nts
Nad
Nazret Series : Ignimbrites,unwelded tuffs,ash flows,rhyolitic flows,domes and trachyte.
Afar Series : Alkaline basalt with subordinate alkaline andperalkaline silicics (rhyolitic dome and flows and ignimbrites)
Dalaha Formation : Fissural basalts and hawaiites with someintercalated detrital and lacustrine sediments, with rhyoliticflows and ignimbrites in the upper part.
Undivided Lacustrine and Fluvial Sediments : Sand, silt gravelconglomerate(Omo Group and Hadar Formation) .
Chilalo Formation(Upper part) : Alkaline basaltChilalo Formation(Lower part) : Trachyte,trachy- basalt,peralkaline rhyolite with subordinate akaline. basalt.
Danakil Group (Red Sea Series) : Conglomerate, sandstone,siltstone with intercalated basalt flows and lacustrinesediments of the Chorora Formation
Tarmaber Gussa Formation : Alkaline to transitional basaltsoften forming shield volcanoes with minor trachyte and phonolite flowsPNtb
Bishoftu Formation : Alkaline basalt and trachyte. Pzt
gt4
Late to post - tectonic granite.
Alkali granite and syenite.
Post - tectonic granite and syenite.
ARl
ARk
gt5
gt3
PR2t
PR2d
Upper Proterozoic : Undifferentiated.
Didikama Formation : Slate and dolomite.
LATE PALEOZOIC - TRIASSIC
LATE PROTEROZOIC
PR2
PR2s
PR2a Adola Group : Amphibolite,quartzite and graphitic phyllite.
Kajimiti Beds : Metaconglomerate and metasandstone.
PR2l
PR2td
PR2b
PR2k
ARb Baro Group : Biotite,hornblende - biotite,garnet - amphibole,garnet - sillimarite,calc - silicate and muscovite gneisses.
Yavello Group : Quartzo - feldspathic gneiss and granulite.
EARLY PROTEROZOIC
ARCHEAN
PR1r
PR1w
ARy
Tembien Group : Chlorite, sericite and graphite phyllites,limestone, slate and dolomite.
Shiraro Formation : Sandstone and conglomerate.
Alghe Group : Biotite and hornblende gneisses,granulite andmigmatite with minor metasedimentary gneisses.
Konso Group : Hornblende, pyroxene,garnet - pyroxene gneissesand amphibolite with minor metasedimentary gneiss.
PRECAMBRIAN AND PHANEROZOIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS
Awata Group : Biotite, hornblende,sillimanite - garnet,calc - sillicate and quartzo - feldspathic gneisses,marble and granulite.
Mormora Group : Biotite schist,gneiss,marble and graphitic schist.
Wadera Group : Metasandstone,quartzite,biotite and muscovite schists.
ARa
Tsaliet Group : Metaandesite, metadacite,metarhyolite.chlorite,sericite and graphite phyllites,green schist,limestone and quartzite.
Tulu Dimtu Group : Metabasalt,metaandesite,green schist,phyllite,metaconglomerate,quartzite and marble.
Birbir Group : Metabasalt,metaandesite,metarhyolit,phyllite,graphiticschist,marble,quartzite,metaconglomerate,greenschist,metasandstone,metachert and amphibolite.
Enticho Sandstone, Edaga Arbi Glacials,Gura and Gilo Formations:Sandstone, shale, conglomerate and tillite.
ab
Qbt
HO
LOC
ENE
PLEI
STO
CEN
E
Qg
Qh
Qp
QdQrQ
QU
ATE
RN
AR
Y U
ND
IFFE
REN
TIA
TED
Qb
Qb1
ab
Allu
vial
and
lacu
strin
e de
posi
ts:S
and,
silt,
clay
,di
atom
ite,li
mes
tone
and
bea
ch s
and.
Bas
alt f
low
s,sp
atte
r con
es a
nd h
yalo
clas
tites
a) T
rans
ition
al ty
pe b
etw
een
alka
line
and
thol
eiiti
c.b)
Alk
alin
e ol
ivin
e ba
salt.
Plat
eau
Bas
alt:A
lkal
ine
basa
lt an
d tr
achy
te
Ghi
nir F
orm
atio
n :R
hyol
ite w
ith s
ubor
dina
te b
asal
t
Und
iffer
entia
ted
allu
vial
,lacu
strin
e an
d be
ach
sedi
men
ts.
Allu
vial
,lacu
strin
e an
d m
arin
e se
dim
ents
:Con
glom
erat
e,sa
nd,c
lay,
reef
,lim
esto
ne,m
arl a
nd g
ypsu
m.
Rhy
oliti
c vo
lcan
ic c
ente
rs,o
bsid
ian
pitc
hsto
ne,p
umic
e,ig
nim
brite
,tuff,
subo
rdin
ate
trac
hytic
flow
s (p
redo
min
antly
per
alka
line
in c
ompo
sitio
n)
Haw
aiite
,mug
earit
e,tr
achy
te,a
ndes
ine
basa
lt an
d fe
rrob
asal
t.
Din
o Fo
rmat
ion:
Igni
mbr
ite,tu
ff,co
urse
pum
ice,
wat
erla
in
pyro
clas
tic ro
cks
with
rare
inte
rcal
atio
ns o
f lac
ustr
ine
sedi
men
ts.
Gab
reda
rre
Form
atio
n : K
imm
erid
gia
-Tith
onia
n ; (
Jg2)
Upp
er u
nit a
nd (J
g1)
Low
er u
nit :
Lim
esto
ne w
ith s
haly
and
gyp
sife
rous
uni
ts.
Adi
grat
For
mat
ion
: Tria
ssic
-Mid
dle
Jura
ssic
san
dsto
ne.
Ham
anle
i For
mat
ion
: Oxf
ordi
an li
mes
tone
and
sha
le.
Aba
y Fo
rmat
ion
: Mid
dle-
Jura
ssic
lim
esto
ne,s
hale
and
gyp
sum
.
Agu
la F
orm
atio
n :K
imm
erid
gian
sha
le,m
arl a
nd li
mes
tone
.
a) U
rand
ab F
orm
atio
n (J
u) :
Oxf
ordi
an-K
mm
erdg
ian
mar
l and
sha
ly li
mes
tone
b) A
ntal
o Fo
rmat
ion
(Jt)
: Lim
esto
ne.
EAR
LY -
LATE
JU
RA
SSIC
Jg Ju
Jg1
Km
Kg2
Kg1 Jg
2
Jag
Ja
Jt
Jb Jh
EOC
ENE
P2a
Pk Pt Pa Kf
Ka
CR
ETA
CEO
US
Pj Kb
Kor
ahe
Form
atio
n (M
ain
Gyp
sum
For
mat
ion)
: (N
eoco
mia
n/B
arre
mia
n)U
pper
Kor
ahe
(Kg2
) gyp
sum
, sha
le, d
olom
ite a
nd a
nhyd
rite
inte
rcal
atio
nLo
wer
Kor
ahe
(Kg1
) sha
le a
nd li
mes
tone
with
bas
al s
ands
tone
.
Mus
tahi
l For
mat
ion:
Apt
ian-
Alb
ian
limes
tone
,mar
l and
san
dsto
ne.
Kar
kar F
orm
aytio
n : M
iddl
e-la
te E
ocen
e lim
esto
ne w
ithm
arly
inte
rcal
atio
ns.
Tale
h Fo
rmat
ion:
Erly
-Mid
dle
Eoc
ene:
Anh
ydrit
e,gy
psum
,do
lom
ite a
nd c
lay
Aur
adu
Form
atio
n:La
te P
aleo
cene
-Ear
ly E
ocen
e lim
esto
ne.
Jess
oma
Form
atio
n:La
te C
reta
ceou
s-P
aleo
cene
san
dsto
ne.
Am
ba A
rado
m F
orm
atio
n:S
ands
tone
,co
nglo
mer
ate
and
shal
e.
Bel
et U
en F
orm
atio
n:La
te C
reta
ceou
s (C
enom
ania
n -T
uron
ian)
limes
tone
with
som
e sa
ndst
one
and
shal
e.
LATE
JU
RA
SSIC
Ash
angi
For
mat
ion:
Dee
ply
wea
ther
ed a
lkal
ine
and
trasi
tiona
l bas
alt
flow
s w
ith ra
re in
terc
alat
ions
of t
uff,o
ften
tilte
d (in
clud
es A
kobo
Bas
alts
of S
W E
thio
pia)
.
Ferfe
r For
mat
ion:
Alb
abia
n-C
enom
ania
n sh
ale,
dolo
mite
and
anh
ydrit
e.
Jim
ma
Vol
cani
cs (U
pper
par
t) : R
hyol
ite a
nd tr
achy
te fl
ows
and
tuff
with
min
or b
asal
tJi
mm
a V
olca
nics
(Low
er p
art)
: Flo
od b
asal
t with
min
or s
alic
flow
s.
LATE
EO
CEN
E - L
ATE
OLI
GO
CEN
EPj
rPj
b
Tona
lite
Dio
rite
Gab
bro
tn dt gb
Late
Pro
tero
zoic
Ultr
amaf
ic R
ocks
: S
erpe
ntin
ite, p
erid
otite
duni
te a
nd ta
lc s
chis
ts.
Syn
- te
cton
ic g
rani
te.
Pre
- te
cton
ic a
nd s
yn -
tect
onic
gra
nite
.
Gra
nodi
orite
and
tona
lite.
Gra
nodi
orite
.
gt2
gt1
gd /
tn
gd
Syn
clin
e : u
prig
ht,o
vertu
rned
Cal
dera
Fiel
d of
sm
all b
asal
tic v
ents
Bas
ic d
ykes
and
sill
s
Maj
or p
lugs
or g
roup
of s
mal
l plu
gs
Ant
iclin
e : u
prig
ht,o
vertu
rned
Syn
form
Ant
iform
Shi
eld
volc
ano
of th
e E
thio
pian
Pla
teau
.
Geo
logi
cal c
onta
ct :
obse
rved
,infe
rred
.
Faul
ts :
obse
rved
,infe
rred
.
Faul
t bar
b on
dow
nthr
own
side
.
Oth
er m
ajor
vol
cani
c ed
ifice
s
OTH
ER S
YMB
OLS
0
0
NrsNb
Mur
si a
nd B
ofa
Bas
alts
: A
lkal
ine
basa
lt
PLIO
CEN
E - P
LEIS
TOC
ENE
MIO
CEN
E - P
LIO
CEN
E
NO
tb
NQ
Ncb Nc
Ndb
Tulu
Wol
el T
rach
yte
with
sub
ordi
nate
bas
alt.
LATE
MIO
CEN
E
MID
DLE
- M
IOC
ENE
Nn Na
Ntt
40
LEG
END
GE
OL
OG
ICA
L M
AP
O
F
ET
HIO
PIA
4080
km
s.
80 m
iles
MID
DLE
- LA
TE O
LIG
OC
ENE
Ala
ge F
orm
atio
n : T
rans
ition
al a
nd s
ubal
kalin
e ba
salts
with
min
orrh
yolit
e an
d tra
chyt
e er
uptiv
es.
Ars
i and
Bal
e B
asal
ts:F
lood
bas
alts
ofte
n co
nnec
ted
tovo
lcan
ic e
dific
es,s
ilisi
c ne
ar th
e up
per p
art.
Mak
onne
n B
asal
ts:F
lood
bas
alts
,com
mon
ly d
irect
ly o
verla
ying
the
chry
stal
line
base
men
t.
Aib
a B
asal
ts:F
lood
bas
alts
with
rare
bas
ic tu
ff.
PNa
PNm
b
PNab
P3a
OLI
GO
CEN
E - M
IOC
ENE
Tarm
aber
Meg
ezez
For
mat
ion
: Tra
nsiti
onal
and
alk
alin
e ba
salt.
Mab
la a
nd A
rba
Gur
acha
For
mat
ion
: Rhy
oliti
c do
mes
,flow
s an
dpy
rocl
astic
rock
s of
dom
inan
tly p
eral
kalin
e co
mpo
sitio
n w
ithsu
bord
inat
e tra
chyt
e an
d ba
salt
flow
s in
ters
tratif
ied
at b
ase.
Telte
le a
nd S
urm
a B
asal
t : F
lood
bas
alts
.
Adw
a Fo
rmat
ion
: Tra
chyt
e an
d ph
onol
ite p
lug.
Ntb
Nm
r
Nts
Nad
Naz
ret S
erie
s : I
gnim
brite
s,un
wel
ded
tuffs
,ash
flow
s,rh
yolit
ic fl
ows,
dom
es a
nd tr
achy
te.
Afa
r Ser
ies
: Alk
alin
e ba
salt
with
sub
ordi
nate
alk
alin
e an
dpe
ralk
alin
e si
licic
s (r
hyol
itic
dom
e an
d flo
ws
and
igni
mbr
ites)
Dal
aha
Form
atio
n : F
issu
ral b
asal
ts a
nd h
awai
ites
with
som
ein
terc
alat
ed d
etrit
al a
nd la
cust
rine
sedi
men
ts, w
ith rh
yolit
icflo
ws
and
igni
mbr
ites
in th
e up
per p
art.
Und
ivid
ed L
acus
trine
and
Flu
vial
Sed
imen
ts :
San
d, s
ilt g
rave
lco
nglo
mer
ate(
Om
o G
roup
and
Had
ar F
orm
atio
n) .
Chi
lalo
For
mat
ion(
Upp
er p
art)
: Alk
alin
e ba
salt
Chi
lalo
For
mat
ion(
Low
er p
art)
: Tra
chyt
e,tra
chy-
bas
alt,
pera
lkal
ine
rhyo
lite
with
sub
ordi
nate
aka
line.
bas
alt.
Dan
akil
Gro
up (R
ed S
ea S
erie
s) :
Con
glom
erat
e, s
ands
tone
,si
ltsto
ne w
ith in
terc
alat
ed b
asal
t flo
ws
and
lacu
strin
ese
dim
ents
of t
he C
horo
ra F
orm
atio
n
Tarm
aber
Gus
sa F
orm
atio
n : A
lkal
ine
to tr
ansi
tiona
l bas
alts
ofte
n fo
rmin
g sh
ield
vol
cano
es w
ith m
inor
trac
hyte
and
pho
nolit
e flo
ws
PNtb
Bis
hoftu
For
mat
ion
: Alk
alin
e ba
salt
and
trach
yte.
Pzt
gt4
Late
to p
ost -
tect
onic
gra
nite
.
Alk
ali g
rani
te a
nd s
yeni
te.
Pos
t - te
cton
ic g
rani
te a
nd s
yeni
te.
AR
l
AR
k
gt5
gt3
PR2t
PR2d
Upp
er P
rote
rozo
ic :
Und
iffer
entia
ted.
Did
ikam
a Fo
rmat
ion
: Sla
te a
nd d
olom
ite.
LATE
PA
LEO
ZOIC
- TR
IASS
IC
LATE
PR
OTE
RO
ZOIC
PR2
PR2s
PR2a
Ado
la G
roup
: A
mph
ibol
ite,q
uartz
ite a
nd g
raph
itic
phyl
lite.
Kaj
imiti
Bed
s : M
etac
ongl
omer
ate
and
met
asan
dsto
ne.
PR2l
PR2t
d
PR2b
PR2k
AR
bB
aro
Gro
up :
Bio
tite,
horn
blen
de -
biot
ite,g
arne
t - a
mph
ibol
e,ga
rnet
- si
llim
arite
,cal
c - s
ilica
te a
nd m
usco
vite
gne
isse
s.
Yav
ello
Gro
up :
Qua
rtzo
- fel
dspa
thic
gne
iss
and
gran
ulite
.
EAR
LY P
RO
TER
OZO
IC
AR
CH
EAN
PR1r
PR1w
AR
y
Tem
bien
Gro
up :
Chl
orite
, ser
icite
and
gra
phite
phy
llite
s,lim
esto
ne, s
late
and
dol
omite
.
Shi
raro
For
mat
ion
: San
dsto
ne a
nd c
ongl
omer
ate.
Alg
he G
roup
: B
iotit
e an
d ho
rnbl
ende
gne
isse
s,gr
anul
ite a
ndm
igm
atite
with
min
or m
etas
edim
enta
ry g
neis
ses.
Kon
so G
roup
: H
ornb
lend
e, p
yrox
ene,
garn
et -
pyro
xene
gne
isse
san
d am
phib
olite
with
min
or m
etas
edim
enta
ry g
neis
s.
PREC
AM
BR
IAN
AN
D P
HA
NER
OZO
IC IN
TRU
SIVE
RO
CK
S
Aw
ata
Gro
up :
Bio
tite,
hor
nble
nde,
silli
man
ite -
garn
et,c
alc
- sill
icat
e a
nd q
uartz
o - f
elds
path
ic g
neis
ses,
mar
ble
and
gran
ulite
.
Mor
mor
a G
roup
: B
iotit
e sc
hist
,gne
iss,
mar
ble
and
grap
hitic
sch
ist.
Wad
era
Gro
up :
Met
asan
dsto
ne,q
uartz
ite,b
iotit
e an
d m
usco
vite
sch
ists
.
AR
a
Tsal
iet G
roup
: M
etaa
ndes
ite, m
etad
acite
,met
arhy
olite
.chl
orite
,se
ricite
and
gra
phite
phy
llite
s,gr
een
schi
st,li
mes
tone
and
qua
rtzite
.
Tulu
Dim
tu G
roup
: M
etab
asal
t,met
aand
esite
,gre
en s
chis
t,phy
llite
,m
etac
ongl
omer
ate,
quar
tzite
and
mar
ble.
Birb
ir G
roup
: M
etab
asal
t,met
aand
esite
,met
arhy
olit,
phyl
lite,
grap
hitic
schi
st,m
arbl
e,qu
artz
ite,m
etac
ongl
omer
ate,
gree
nsc
hist
,met
asan
dsto
ne,m
etac
hert
and
amph
ibol
ite.
Ent
icho
San
dsto
ne, E
daga
Arb
i Gla
cial
s,G
ura
and
Gilo
For
mat
ions
:S
ands
tone
, sha
le, c
ongl
omer
ate
and
tillit
e.
T
I
I
UBJD
O
6°
36°
10° 8°
4°
34°
38°
12°
14°
16°
40°
34°
38°
36°
16°
44°
40°
42°
46°
46°
6° 4°
42°
46°
46°
16°
14°
12°
10°
44°
11
S U D A N
UG
AN
DA
12
17
1
UD
AN
S
9
10
ER
IT
34
5
81
14
1819
115
16
1
AN
K
5.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of M
ekel
e S
heet
(ND
37-
11),
1:25
0,00
0.G
eolo
gy c
ompi
latio
n
by Y
.Ark
in e
t.al.
(196
8-19
71),E
IGS
.
7.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of C
entra
l and
Sou
ther
n A
far (
Eth
iopi
a an
d D
jibou
ti) ,1
:500
,000
C
NR
-CN
RS
(197
5).
4.G
olog
ical
Map
of A
diar
kay
She
et (N
D 3
7 -1
0) 1
:250
,000
.Pre
limin
ary
com
pila
tion
by
Tse
gaye
Hai
lu (1
975)
,EIG
S.
EY21
3.G
olog
ical
Map
of A
dira
met
se S
heet
(ND
37
-9) 1
:250
,000
.Geo
logy
com
pila
tion
by
Abe
ra A
gum
a an
d G
irma
Keb
ede
(197
4-19
76).E
IGS
.
9.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of A
bu R
amla
She
et (N
C 3
6 -4
NC
36-
8),1
:250
,000
.Com
pile
d by
A
lem
ayeh
u G
udey
a (1
989)
. Unp
ublis
hed.
EIG
S.
1.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of E
thio
pia,
1:2,
000,
000.
Com
pile
d by
V.K
azm
in (U
N) 1
972,
MM
E.
2.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of A
digr
at S
heet
(ND
37
-7),1
:250
,000
.Com
pila
tion
by C
.R.G
arla
nd
(197
2). R
ecom
pila
tion
with
ER
TS d
ata
by V
. Kaz
min
(197
6) E
IGS
.
RE
A
R E DS E A
6 7
6.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of t
he D
anak
il D
epre
ssio
n (N
orth
ern
Afa
r,Eth
iopi
a) 1
:50,
000
CN
R-C
NR
S
(197
3).
8.G
eolo
gica
l MA
p of
Eth
iopi
a an
d S
omal
ia 1
:2,0
00,0
00 b
y M
eria
Gtm
,Aba
te E
.,Con
ti P
.,
Seg
ari M
.,Tac
coni
P. (
1973
).
12.(a
) Geo
logi
cal M
ap o
f Gor
e S
heet
(NC
36
-16)
,1:2
50,0
00.C
ompi
latio
n
by
Men
gesh
a Te
fera
and
Sei
fe M
.Ber
he .E
IGS
.
(b)
Geo
ogy
of th
e G
ore
Gam
bela
Geo
trave
rse
Are
a,W
este
rn E
thio
pia
1:1
00,0
00
Com
pile
d by
J.M
.Moo
re, T
ekle
wol
d A
yale
w a
nd J
.M.
11.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of G
imbi
She
et (N
C 3
6-12
) 1:2
50,0
00.P
relim
inar
y dr
aft c
ompi
latio
n
by
Am
enti
Abr
aham
(198
4) U
npub
lishe
d .E
IGS
.
19.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of N
gele
She
et (N
b 37
-2)1
:250
,000
.Pril
imna
ry c
omila
tion
by
T
ilahu
n B
alch
a (1
983)
.Pub
lishe
d,E
IGS
.
20.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of t
he O
gade
n an
d su
rrou
ndin
g ar
ea 1
:1,0
00,0
00.C
ompi
led
BE
ICIP
(
1985
)
18.G
eolo
ogic
al M
ap o
f Age
re M
aria
m S
heet
(NB
37-
11) 1
250
,000
.Com
pile
d by
Wol
dege
brie
l Gen
zebu
,Nas
sir H
asse
n an
d Te
sfay
e Y
eman
e ,(1
990)
.Pub
lishe
d,E
IGS
.
17.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of t
he 0
mo
Riv
er A
rea
1:50
0,00
0.G
eolo
gica
l com
pila
tion
by
A
.Dav
idso
n (1
985)
.
16.G
olog
ical
Map
of G
oba
She
et (N
B 3
7 -7
) 1:2
50,0
00.P
relim
inar
y co
mpi
latio
n by
Bel
ay D
esta
(198
5).U
npub
lishe
d,E
IGS
.
15.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of t
he E
thip
ian
Rift
1:5
00,0
00.C
ompi
led
by V
.Kaz
min
and
Sei
fe M
.Ber
he (!
981)
,Unp
ublis
hed
EIG
S.
14.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of N
azre
t She
et (N
C 3
7-15
) 1:2
50,0
00.C
ompi
led
by S
eife
M.B
erhe
a
nd V
.Kaz
min
,UN
sup
ervi
sing
geo
logi
st (1
978)
,EIG
S.
10.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of K
urm
uk A
ssos
sa S
heet
(NC
36
-7 &
NC
36-
8),1
:250
,000
.Com
pile
d
by
Men
gesh
a Te
fera
(199
0). U
npub
lishe
d.E
IGS
.
21.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of S
olol
o (N
a 37
-2) a
nd M
oyal
e (N
A 3
7-3)
She
ets
1:50
0,00
0. P
rilim
inar
y
com
pila
tion
by G
.Sab
olov
isky
,Geo
logy
by
Rer
gion
al G
eolo
gy D
epar
tmen
t and
Bul
bul
H
ager
e M
aria
m P
roje
ct (1
990)
,EIG
S.
13.G
eolo
gica
l Map
of D
ire D
awa
She
et (N
C 3
7-12
) 1:2
50,0
00. C
ompi
latio
n by
Sei
fe M
.Ber
he
(19
78),E
IGS
.
OS
M
AL
IA
13
1
IBDJ
OUTIG
ULF
OF
EDEN
M
SO
A
LI
A
20
