Alumnus Scientific Research—an art and a craft

TEMPEST O'ER THE SUGAR BOWL

Wrap-up on the 1955 football season

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I T NEVER CEASES TO AMAZE US that a large number of alumni read this rather

loosely written column of ours. But the mail seems to indicate that this is the case. After the October issue, we re­ceived quite a bit of mail concerning one particular segment that appeared on these pages.

The paragraph in question had to do with the Young Presidents Organization. And if you read it, you'll remember that we were pointing out the Tech men who were members of this group of presi­dents of organizations employing over 100 people and doing at least $1 million worth of business a year. It seems that we neglected to point out one qualifica­tion for membership in this organization —you have to be under 40 years of age to become a member. Thus, a large number of Tech alumni who are presi­dents of businesses and easily meet all the other requirements weren't listed because of the age stipulation. Our mistake; sorry.

Out of the mail that we received be­cause of this column, we did learn of another Tech man who belonged to this organization unbeknownst to us. His name is John Oster, Jr., '36, president of the John Oster Manufacturing Co. of Milwaukee. His old classmate—George Felker, III, of New York City—passed this information on to us.

* * *

OUR FAIR CITY OF ATLANTA will be the scientific capital of the world during

the last week in December when the American Association for the Advance­ment of Science (AAAS) meets here. This will be the 122nd convention of the world's oldest and most influential group of related scientific organizations. And Georgia Tech is justifiably proud to be one of the host institutions for the first national meeting of the AAAS scheduled in the Southeast since 1938 when they met in Richmond, Virginia.

This meeting will emphasize "consid­eration of the serious situation confront­ing the United States today of too few college students electing majors and graduate work in the sciences and en­gineering, and the related problem of the growing shortage of qualified science teachers at both the high school and college levels."

Many of the sessions of the Decem­ber 2 6 - 3 1 meeting will be held on the Tech campus. And among the partici­pants in the conferences will be many of Tech's most able scientists. Among them will be Dr. Robert S. Ingols. re­search professor in the Engineering Ex­periment Station, AAAS vice president and chairman of the chemistry section: Dr. Mario J. Goglia, regents professor of Mechanical Engineering, program chair­man for the engineering section, and Dr. Joseph H. Howey, director of the School of Physics, chairman of the Physics Section.

Another Tech man, though neither a scientist nor an engineer, was mainly responsible for bringing the large con­vention to Atlanta. He is Walter Craw­ford, IM '49, who as executive vice president of the Atlanta Convention Bu­reau, makes it his business to sell the city of Atlanta to all shapes and sizes of conventions. Walt has been with the Atlanta Convention Bureau since his graduation and has seen the convention business in this city grow to $10 million per year.

He considers the AAAS meeting one of his prize selling jobs. For everyone wants the scientists to meet in their city, since they always gather between Christ­mas and the New Year, a period that is to the convention business what the month of July is to the snowshoe busi­ness.

* * *

P LANS SO OFTEN GO ASTRAY through 111) fault of the planner. We had meant

this issue to be quiet and Christmasy. A magazine with which you might sit dow n during the holidays for a spare moment or two. But then it happened. A story broke that we could not ignore. It was one of the biggest national stories to ever hit Georgia Tech. And the tragedy of it was apparent to every man who ever loved the "flats." Our Alma Mater had become an innocent pawn in a rather tragic game of chess.

The fact that Tech is finally going to the Sugar Bowl does little to calm a very wounded pride in this corner. The fact that the principals in the affair acted in good faith helped little, for the dam­age to Tech's national reputation had been done. The effects of the events

Tech Alumnus

depicted on page 6 of this issue will be felt at Tech for a long while. It may be felt in the recruiting of football players and in the even more important recruit­ing of the top-flight students that Tech must have to maintain its superior repu­tation. At least these are the present indications to us.

There was a saving grace in the affair: the stand of the Board of Regents on the matter. It indicated to the world once again that these men and women would not be influenced by political pressures when it came to the conduct of the Uni­versity System. If they had done any­thing else the tragedy would have been much greater.

We bear no one any ill feeling because of this incident. We just wish that it hadn't happened.

* * *

H ERE WE SIT WITH THE REST of the magazine completed and nothing else

to say in this space. Somehow, nothing of importance crosses our mind as the deadline (and it has already been de­layed five days because of the Sugar-Bowl story) closes in on us. We might do a few paragraphs on the fact that Tech has backfield men Wade Mitchell and George Volkert as co-captains for the '56 season. For it's the first time that any back has led a Tech team since 1939 when Buck Murphy was one of the field leaders. But, the issue is already slightly top-heavy with football.

And then there's the fact that Tech is going to a bowl for the fifth straight time. But we've covered that. And bas­ketball has already started and the '56 Jackets dropped their first two to North Carolina and Duke, respectively. And the next issue will have basketball.

To tell you the truth we have nothing more to say except we trust that you had a MERRY CHRISTMAS and hope that every one of you has a wonderful 1956.

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December, 1955

mnus

CONTENTS

2. RAMBLIN'—the editor discusses errors of omis­sion, an important scientific meeting and plans that go astray among other things.

6. VOLS, TIDE, BULLDOGS AND SUGAR—the Techs complete another great year.

8. TEMPEST O'ER THE SUGAR BOWL—or how the mountain from a molehill grows.

10. ON THE HILL—news in pictures.

12. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH — a distinguished Tech scientist calls it an art and a craft.

16. WITH THE CLUBS—some late reports.

18. NEWS BY CLASSES—an alumni gazette cover­ing all of the doings of the Jackets.

Officers of the Georgia Tech National Alumni Association

Fred Storey, '33, Pres. I. M. Sheffield, '20, V-P Charles Simons, '37, V-P Walt Crawford, '49, Treas. W. Roane Beard, '40, Executive Secretary

Staff

Bob Wallace, Jr., '49, Editor Mary Peeks, Assistant

THE COVER Artist John McKenzie, himself a Tech alumnus, interprets the article on page 12 of this issue with his brush. John, who is in a large amount responsible for the new look in our mag­azine, is with Foote & Davies, printers of the Georgia Tech Alumnus for the past six issues. For more of John's work, take a look at Scientific Research— an art and a Craft on page 12.

Published eight times a year — February, March, May, July, September, October, November and December — by the Georgia Tech National Alumni Association; Georgia Institute of Technology; 225 North Avenue, Atlanta, Georgia. Subscription price (35c per copy) included in the membership dues. Entered as second class matter a t the Post Office, Atlanta, Georgia under the Act of March 3 , 1879.

JQK 4CSBL I t O JL'MJ m m m

>

THE MOST HEARTENING THING about our Tech Devel­opment Fund program has been the interest and

responsiveness shown by Tech Alumni, not only here in Georgia where many have contributed in both work and money, but actually from all over the world. Your letters, your increased contributions, your cheerful acceptance of job assignments, all have made us aware of your keen interest in and affection for Tech.

At this writing, the 9th Roll call has already broken all records. It has reached over $130,000, almost $60,000 higher than last year's effort, a previous high. Tech folks have really been cooperating above and beyond the call of duty. For instance, Morris Bryan, Jr., '41, president of Jefferson Mills, Inc. of Jefferson, Georgia, has set up a matching fund in that company. For every dollar an employee of Jefferson Mills gives Georgia Tech or Georgia, the company sends the foundation concerned an equal amount. This plan, similar to the General Electric Plan to help education (see page 5) , goes as far as to advance the employee the money to make his initial gift. We need more Morris Bryans. And we need more of you regular contributors making your 1955-56 contributions.

The membership meets once each year, at Home­coming, and your Alumni Board meets about ten times each year. A full agenda of association matters confronts each meeting. It is evident from this that both your officers and members of the Board must be from this general area. There are many Tech Alumni in other sections of the country who would be extremely valuable as members of your Board, but frequent travel demands would probably prevent their attend­ance at meetings. There are no honorary positions, and all those asked to serve are also asked to agree to attend at least two-thirds of all meetings called.

Aside from the routine affairs taken up each month, there are many special items which must be considered. These, including Homecoming, scholarships, and the like, are assigned to committees, while other general matters are handled by the Board as a whole. In addition, your Board elects Trustees of the Georgia Tech Foundation, a delegate to the Athletic Board, and otherwise acts as your representative at Tech.

This about uses up the space for this month. If your editor will give me another column later, I will tell you more about how the Association serves you and Tech. In the meantime, many thanks for electing me as your President. 'pied S&Viey

Tech Alumnu*

EDUCATIONAL NEWS DIGEST

1. About one year ago a Corporate Alumnus Program was established by the General Electric Educational and Charitable Fund. Through this new program, the Fund agreed to match, under certain conditions, contributions up to $1,000 by employees of General Electric to the colleges and universities from which they held degrees.

We know now that CAP will continue in 1956. A new provision interprets alumnus as most colleges do: the Fund will match gifts made to any college at which an employee was in attendance one year or more. An employee may now contribute to a college at which he did not complete requirements for a degree.

Wide range of participation in the Program is shown by the fact that gifts have ranged all the way from $1 to the limit of $1,000. On October 1, there were 3,113 contributions to 285 colleges, totaling $116,877; any alumnus who reads his mail knows that the modest gifts count as they never counted before.

* * * 2. A fifth university will start offering the G-E Fellowship Program for high-school teachers in the summer of 1956; Syracuse University will conduct a program in science for 50 high-school teachers. This particular program—like those in science and math, in Union, RPI, Case, and Purdue—will be underwritten by General Electric from the time the teacher leaves home till he returns six weeks later. These five challenging programs are at graduate levels. Our participation also includes scheduled lec­tures and trips to plants and laboratories to hear and observe how mathematics and science are used in modern business.

The Teacher Fellowships Program began in 1945 at Union, and that summer there was but one session of 50 teachers. By now, approximately 1,350 teachers have had the benefit of these special programs, have themselves been taught by distinguished professors, and have in turn brought to their several hundred

thousand students the undebatable truth that the well-grounded student will soon find the pages of his textbook coming to life in his chosen career.

* -m. * x

3. We attempt in our various plant locations to help our people help themselves. Here's a variation of a plan, now in effect at Schenectady: 35 young men, who might otherwise have foregone going to college and earning a technical degree, are now at work as apprentices at General Electric and in at­tendance at Union College. These young men were graduated in the top half of their high-school class, came out well on the College Board tests, had an academic diploma with 16 full credits (almost half of them in English and math), and demonstrated a genuine desire for a college education.

These men are full-time apprentices in drafting, machining, pattern making, and metal founding. At the end of 8,000 hours of apprenticeship, they will have completed, after business hours, and with tui­tion paid by the Company, two full years of college. They may then apply for a leave of absence to work for a degree on a full-time basis, or continue their educations at night, still working full time for G.E.

4. A new booklet, GROWING WITH GENERAL ELECTRIC, is designed to do two things: to introduce General Electric's 10 Programs for college graduates to potential employees and to serve generally as a guidance tool in the hands of alumnus, parent, and instructor. Each Program is presented on a single page in such a way that the reader can determine immediately what "majors" must show on the stu­dent's record if he wishes to be considered for ad­mission to that Program. Since the matter of pre­requisites looms up as a mighty problem to youth, and since the stated requirements are, with minor variations, generally applicable in industry, such information should help the alumnus in his important function of youth guidance.

EDUCATIONAL RELATIONS SERVICES, GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, SCHENECTADY, N. Y.

Progress Is Our Most Important Product

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VOLS, TIDE, BULLDOGS AND SUGAR

Jacket end Don Ellis gets set to make the impossible catch that enabled the Techs to tie the red-hot Volunteers.

T ECH'S YELLOW JACKETS, the nation's

bowlgoingest football team, headed for their fifth major bowl victory in a row after whipping their traditional rivals from Athens, 21-3, in the season's finale. Thus Bobby Dodd's charges wound up their "year of the ifs" with an 8-1-1 rec­ord and only four points separated them from an unblemished record.

The Jackets started the last third of their 1955 season with a rough 7-7 tie in Knoxville with the single-wing Vols before a record crowd. For the first five minutes, Bowden Wyatt's version of the supposedly antiquated formation was an impossible thing for Tech to stop. The Vols drove to a score from the kickoff in 7 plays. Bronson, the Vols' fullback, went over for the score on a dive from the two, and the added point gave Ten­nessee a 7-0 advantage. The Vols clung tenaciously to this lead till late in the final period when the Jackets finally launched the drive that gave them a tie. End Don Ellis scored for Tech on a fourth-down catch of a short Mitchell pass. Mitchell added the tying point and that was it. The Jackets had many chances to score earlier in the game, but the inspired Vol defenses kept them

blanked. Only a great Tech effort saved this one, for the Vols were hot the after­noon of November 6.

Closing out the 1955 road season, the Jackets had an easy time of it with the winless Alabama Crimson Tide. Tech won this one in the first few minutes when they scored 13 points on an open­ing drive, an extra point and a great interception for a score by Jimmy Thompson. The final score was 26-2 as Tech scored twice more and the Tide got a safety in the last few minutes when Toppy Vann stepped out of the end zone.

In the final game of the season, Tech won its sixth straight from the Bulldogs with their greatest effort of the year. The Dogs scored first on a field goal after Tech stopped their initial drive which featured a great 59-yard run by Bobby Garrard. From then on it was all Tech as the Jackets scored 14 points in the first half and 7 in the second to take a 21-3 victory. George Volkert with 121 yards on 11 trys was the Jacket hero along with Brooks and Jimmy Morris who fairly tore the tough Bulldog line to shreds. It was a great effort and more than made up for the freshman loss to the Bullpups, 23-0, on Thanksgiving Day.

Tennessee Fullback Bronson hurdles the Tech line for the Vols' first-quarter score.

Looking like a little white-faced bull, Jimmy Thompson is driven out of bounds after an 8-yard gain in the 1st period against Georgia.

Some excellent proof on a controversial call: Tech's Toppy Vann has both hands on the ball in his interception of the Georgia pass meant for Bulldog end Lanier Roberts.

Tech's fierce tackling stymied the Georgia running game. In this 1st quarter action, Thrash and Volkert halt Georgia's Garrard.

December, 1955

TEMPEST O'ER THE SUGAR BOWL

WHEN TECH SIGNED to go to the Sugar Bowl to spend New Year's Day, few

people in Georgia paid a great deal of attention to the announcement. For the Jackets had been to a major bowl game four times in a row and had already set a record. The fact that their opponent, Pittsburgh, had a negro reserve fullback on the squad had caused few raised eye­brows the week before when the New Orleans folks announced that the Pan­thers would be one of the participating teams. Even though Tech was under prime consideration for the game, no one said anything. For the Jackets had faced a mixed team in the Notre Dame game of 1953 up in South Bend without any protests. And the Georgia Bulldogs had also faced mixed teams in the past few years in visits out of the region. The team hardly gave it a thought when they voted to go to the Sugar Bowl.

For three whole days after the an­nouncement that Tech had accepted the bid nothing out of the ordinary was men­tioned about the game. Of course there were the usual speculations about the comparative merits of the two teams. And a great deal was said of the Jackets' great bowl record under Coach Bobby Dodd. But nothing out of the ordinary, you understand. •

And then it happened. At first, it was a rather small molehill-type thing: a wire to Athletic Director Dodd from a Mr. Hugh Grant in Augusta, Georgia, asking that the Tech coach cooperate in seeing that the races aren't mixed at the Sugar Bowl game. The wire arrived on Wednes­day morning and was promptly dismissed by Coach Dodd with a no comment. After the newspapers displayed the wire on the front page, the chairman of the Board of Regents, Robert Arnold, was asked if the Regents would interfere in the matter. Mr. Arnold stated that he did not intend to raise the issue of TPe^h's participation in the game for it was no innovation for a University-System team. This seemed to settle the situation once and for all. But on Friday, Dec. 2, Governor Marvin Griffin telegraphed a message to Chairman Arnold that really started the molehill up to mountain size. It read like this: "It is my request that athletic teams of units of the University System of Georgia not be permitted to

engage in contests with other teams or where the races are mixed on such teams or where segregation is not required among spectators at such events. The South stands at Armageddon. The battle is joined. We cannot make the slightest concession to the enemy in this dark and lamentable hour of struggle. There is no more difference in compromising in­tegrity of race on the playing field than doing so in the classrooms. One break in the dike and the relentless seas will rush in and destroy us. We are in this fight 100 per cent; not 98 per cent, nor 75 per cent, not 64 per cent—but a full 100 per cent. An immediate called meet­ing of the State Board of Regents to act on my request is vitally necessary at this time."

Chairman Arnold was in Mobile the day that the wire was sent. He rushed back to Atlanta, but was delayed be­cause of the inclement weather. A meet­ing of the Board of Regents was sched­uled for Monday at 10:30 a .m.

The Governor's message, of course, was news from coast to coast. The first effect of it was felt that same night when a very large group of Tech students started a march on the State Capitol.

They were joined by several bystanders and did some damage to the state build­ing. The marchers hung the Governor in effigy several times (this effigy-hang­ing business has now replaced punty raids, goldfish swallowing and record eating in the collegiate ranks) and then turned their demonstrations towards the Governor's mansion. After arriving at the mansion carrying descriptive placards about the chief executive of the state, the demonstrators hooted and sang at the house for quite a while before they were disbanded through the efforts of the police and Tech alumnus Muggsy Smith, a state legislator who later loosened a blast at the Governor.

The Governor did not come out of the mansion to speak to the throng.

"It was an orderly demonstration," he said Saturday morning. "They hooted and sang and hanged me to a sour apple tree, but it was just a bunch of college boys having a good time, and I never get excited about that."

The Governor later pleaded that three Tech boys arrested in the disturbance be released.

This demonstration added fuel to the publicity flames and by Saturday morn-

Before all the hassle about the Sugar Bowl started, Coach Dodd and friends (L to R)

Mitchell, Volkert, Thompson and Owen posed for this shot of acceptance of the bid.

Tach Alumnui

ing the campus was crawling with news­paper reporters, radio reporters, televi­sion reporters, magazine reporters, and all sizes and shapes of cameramen. Any­one who wanted their name in the paper had an easy time of it that day. But ihere was little official word. This state­ment of President Van Leer was the closest thing to the official word: "I am 60 years old and have never broken a contract. I do not intend to start now."

It was evident that the President con­sidered this a matter for the Tech Ath­letic Board, of which he is president. For Tech's Athletic Association is not con­trolled by the Board of Regents, and Tech's president was going to stand by his guns. And he did. It might be added right now that he got out of a sick bed to work out this problem. He had been confined for three days with the virus and just came back to his office for a half day on Friday.

Saturday was a day of proclamations on the subject. George Harris, president of the Tech Student Council, wired the apologies of the Tech student body to the University of Pittsburgh.

And Tech Foundation President Wal­ter Mitchell released a message which was approved by a quorum of the Foundation Board and endorsed by a quorum of the Alumni Association Board. It said in part:

"The boys on the team voted unani­mously several days ago that they wanted to play this game, and they did so with full knowledge that one of the members of the Pittsburgh squad is a negro. This was also known by the school authorities when the contract was signed, and we are therefore under legal obligation to play the game . . .

"Georgia Tech draws its students from many states of the country and from several foreign countries and has an excellent national and international repu­tation. It is therefore most regrettable and unfortunate that state politics have been injected into the picture and will undoubtedly reflect on such a fine insti­tution as the Georgia Institute of Tech­nology and, in fact, the whole state."

Allen Livar, president of the Greater Atlanta Georgia Tech Club, said:

"Over the past 66 years, Georgia Tech through her students and alumni has established scholastic and industrial repu­tations second to none in the fields of engineering, architecture and manage­ment. On the athletic fields, a similar reputation has been maintained by Tech students. Our national reputation is now endangered by the unreasonable stand that the state's highest official has be­latedly taken on this matter.

The day after the student protest demon­strations, Tech's student leaders went on the TODAY show and explained that the Recks

"This unfortunate incident will not only reflect on the school and the state but on Tech alumni all over the nation. We, therefore, the officers of the Greater Atlanta Georgia Tech Club, highly rec­ommend that the Board of Regents not interfere in the scheduling of this or any future athletic contests played outside the State of Georgia by any institutions of the University System. We further feel that these matters are better left with the athletic boards of the institutions concerned."

Later Saturday afternoon a group of students explained in an NBC-TV inter­view that the parades of the night before were not against segregation but against the political forces which were trying to prevent Tech from going to the Sugar Bowl.

Sunday was a day of headlines again and of waiting for the Board of Regents' meeting on Monday morning.

The Board delayed its scheduled meeting for one hour and then started thrashing out the issue. After two and a half hours, Chairman Arnold announced that Tech could play in the Sugar Bowl and that in all contests played by Uni­versity System athletic teams outside of the state, the laws, customs and tradi­tions of the host state shall be respected. However, in all games played in Georgia strict segregation would be the law.

The Regents also commended Gov­ernor Griffin for his stand on the matter and apologized to him and the people of the state for the conduct of the Tech students during the Friday night and Saturday morning "riots."

weren't protesting segregation but political interference in the Sugar Bowl game. The boys did a most commendable job of it.

Thus it seemed settled after the Reg­ents had made their decision of "When in Rome do as the Romans do." But up in Athens, the Georgia students marched and hung effigies to show the Tech boys they were back of them. And out at Emory, the students did likewise.

By Tuesday, Governor Griffin's office had criticized President Van Leer for the conduct of his students and de­manded an investigation of the origin of the marches. The same morning, Presi­dent Van Leer received an unheard-of, five-minute standing ovation at the monthly Faculty Senate meeting. Regent Charles Bloch hit the headlines Tuesday night by demanding another meeting of the Board of Regents to clarify the first ruling which passed 14 to 1 with only Tech alumnus David Rice voting against it. (Rice favored a stronger resolution criticizing Governor Griffin for interfer­ing in the business of the University System. Throughout the crisis period, Rice was the only Regent to speak out against the Governor's policy.) Chair­man Arnold ignored Mr. Boch's sugges­tion and Mr. Bloch later stated that he had been misquoted on the matter.

By Thursday, the front pages were back in their normal vein again: The Democrats were roasting the Republi­cans, the Republicans were accusing the Democrats of Tammany Hall backing, and the President and his aides were talking about cutting taxes. It had been a rough five days — a very rough five days. And somehow, one gets the feel­ing that Tech hasn't heard the last of the confusing five days, yet.

December, 1955

The Georgia Tech Development Fund traveling entourage arrives in Savannah for a meeting and is greeted by the leaders in that area: front row (1 to r) Ivan Allen Jr., and Savannah's Mayor W. Lee Mingledorf; back row (1 to r) Association president Fred Storey, Savannah's Frank Underwood, secretary Beard, Tech President Blake R. Van Leer, Savannah's John Pidcock, former Governor Talmadge and Georgia fund leader Robert Troutman, Jr. The same group visited Columbus ,Macon and Augusta for the Alumni fund.

George Griffin and his new Chevrolet given to him by his friends in the classes of '22, '23 and '24 and a few others who heard about the gift. John Staton, '24. presented the new car to the Dean earlier in the year.

10 Tech Alumnus

At the big Atlanta Rally, the Tech band played in the Biltmore lobby. The meeting drew 450 on the night before the Georgia game. To date the fund has set a record of over $130,000 in gifts to Tech's Foundation.

At the December 2nd dedication of the Rich Electronic Computer Center, Atlanta Mayor Hartsfield tries out one of the Flexo-writers which opened Tech's new facility. Watching him are (1 to r) President Richard H. Rich of Rich's, Inc., who started the center with a grant from their foundation; Tech Student Council President George W. Harris; speaker C. L. Keenoy, vice president of National Cash Register Co., and speaker Howard H. Aiken, head of the Harvard University Computation Laboratory. Vice president H. T. Engstrom of the Remington Rand Co. also spoke.

Few other, if any, ROTC units can boast of 5 sets of twins as can Tech's Air Force unit. The ten boys are shown in AE Building.

The firsl of the National Institute of Radio Engineers' annual Instrumentation confer­ences was held in Atlanta in November and Tech staffers had a big hand in bringing it here. Shown are a few of the many exhibits.

December, 1955 11

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH by J. Elmer Rhodes, Jr., Research Physicist

Georgia Tech Engineering Experiment Station

The 1954 winner of Tech's coveted Sigma

Xi Research Award presents his thoughts

on the individual's role in creative research

12 Tech Alumnus

l^0:;":i&U:^0H

AN ART AND A CRAFT

1 CONSIDER S C I E N T I F I C R E S E A R C H a

proper combination of a fine art and its associated craft. In this broad analo­gy, pure or fundamental research rough­ly corresponds to the fine art, and ap­plied research just as roughly embraces and his craft.

Another kind of artist, the writer, creates (again, by the exercise of crafts­manship) an image born in his mind and called a work of literature. Into the finished product, again, goes his touch of "creative activity." A writer-artist must do much more than merely narrate a possible combination of events drawn from his experiences, peopled with char­acters also whipped together out of the characteristics of his associates.

The scientist is no less a creator and an artist than the painter or the writer. The creative activity of scientific research is the putting together of past experi­ences drawn from the present body of science into new and enlightening com­binations. These new combinations may turn out to have practical usefulness, or they may not.

What constitutes a masterpiece of scientific research is just as elusive as what constitutes a masterpiece in any of the other arts.

One thing every masterpiece must do is to communicate its message lucidly. Another is to make the message both specific and general; it must say some­thing timely, yet it must contain generali­ties that can be made specific by others, both at the time of creation and later.

We may reasonably doubt that the possibilities of these future interpreta­tions often are realized by the artist him­self. Washington's Farewell Address is living political literature today and partly because generations since Washington's have been able to read into it meanings that did not exist when it was written. Any quotable piece of literature lends itself to supplying new meanings in new situations. During World War II, Bee­

thoven's Fifth Symphony became a vic­tory theme, but we can be positive that Beethoven did not even know the Morse code. Scientific masterpieces and master­pieces of other arts defy anyone's saying just what makes them preeminent accom­plishments: A fortuitous combination of many things, possibly, joined with good craftsmanship and produced in most cases by a professional.

I T W A S W H I L E r e a d i n g S o m e r s e t Maugham's autobiographical The Sum­ming Up that I first became impressed by the close fit of scientific research into the general mold of an art and its craft. Maugham wrote of the art of the writer but generalized his statements to en­compass all the arts.

Of the writers he wrote: It is true that the amateur may some­

times produce a work of merit. By a lucky chance he may have a natural facility for writing well, he may have had experiences that are in themselves interesting, or he may have a charming or quaint personality that his very ex-pertness helps him to get down on the printed page . . . his next book is pretty sure to be worthless.

For one of the great differences be­tween the amateur and the professional is that the latter has the capacity to pro­gress. . . . The author, like other men, learns by . . . trial and error. His early works are tentative; he tries his hand at various subjects and various methods. .. . By a simultaneous process he discov­ers himself, which is what he has to give, and learns how to display this discovery to the best advantage. . . . From the standpoint of the reader, very little that the writer produces in the whole course of his life is essential... . But I think he can only give this as the result of a long apprenticeship . . . to do it he must make literature his life's work. He must be a professional author.

And elsewhere on "Who is a Profes­

sional?" he wrote, "(The author) is lucky if he has sufficient fortune to make him independent of his earnings, but that does not prevent him from being a pro­fessional writer. Swift with his deanery, Wordsworth with his sinecure, were just as much professional writers as Balzac and Dickens."

Similarly, Lord Rayleigh with his an­cestral holdings, Einstein with his job in the patent office, Lavoisier with his pur­chased right to collect and keep taxes in his district (which, during the French Revolution cost him his head!), were professional scientists.

The creative activity of the research scientists benefits, first of all, the artist-scientist himself. This is true in all the arts as Maugham pointed out:

The artist produces for the liberation of his soul. It is his nature to create, as it is the nature of water to run downhill. It is not for nothing that artists have called their works the children of their brains and likened the pains of produc­tion to the pains of childbirth. It. is something like an organic thing that develops, not of course only in their brains, but in their hearts, their nerves and their viscera, something that their creative instinct evolves out of the ex­periences of their soul and their body, and that at last becomes so oppressive that they must rid themselves of it. When this happens they enjoy a sense of libera­tion and for one delicious moment rest in piece. But unlike human mothers, they lose interest very soon in the child that is born. It is no longer a part of them. It has given them its satisfaction and now their souls are open to new impregnation.

This "Liberation of Soul" requires more than just getting and ruminating an inspiration. It requires the act of communicating it to the appropriate public. This communication uses the techniques of the associated craft. With the writer it means the labor of setting

December, 1955 13

down his inspiration with all the craft he can muster and riding it through publica­tion. A musician must not play just for himself. The scientist must disclose his work by publication or by formal presen­tation before his audience of fellow scientists.

But, again quoting Maugham, "To the artist the communication he offers is a by-product," and for the scientist we also might add, so are the highly lauded practical results.

In all of the arts, whence comes the inspiration that the subsequent practice of craftsmanship can communicate? You may have heard that it "comes in a flash," and so it may. It comes more often to the working artist, however, than to the one who just waits for the flash to come. The art and the craft lead a sort of symbiotic existence. The very act of working at his craft inspires the artist. That is probably at the heart of the claim that great art is produced by professionals.

Poincare claimed that the act of fol­lowing through a mathematical theorem provided the simulation necessary to inspire mathematical inventions.

0 F THE WRITER, MAUGHAM WROTE, "No professional writer can afford to write when he feels like it. If he waits till he is in the mood, till he has the inspiration — he waits indefinitely and ends by producing little or nothing. The professional writer creates his mood. He has his inspiration, too, but he controls and subdues it to his bidding by setting himself regular hours of work."

The artist who spends his days and nights talking about what art is, instead of working at his craft and his art, will produce no art.

The art and the craft are further en­twined in that it is part of the artist's job to get inspiration that can be communi­cated by the techniques available to him and his craft. There can be no other way.

What good would inspirations involv­ing landscapes of great depth have done an ancient Egyptian who did not have the simultaneous inspiration to invent perspective draftsmanship?

I N THE SCIENTIFIC FIELD, THERE are

many instances where the communica­tion of inspiration was forced to wait for the development of appropriate craft techniques. It is a modern legend that Einstein carried the inspiration for his general theory of relativity around for months or years until he learned of mathematical devices powerful enough to communicate his inspiration. Newton had to invent calculus before the science of mechanics could reach any degree of perfection, and Newton and his con­temporaries could deal with wave motion only by the clumsy device of simultane­ous differential equations. The invention of partial differential equations permitted Euler and his contemporaries, a genera­tion later, gracefully to handle an infinity of ordinary differential equations and thereby develop the theory of wave mo­tion in continuous media, the backbone of modern theories of sound, of electro­magnetic waves, and of quantum me­chanics.

P. W. Bridgman contends that the whole growth of physical science in the past 300 years is indebted to the inven­tion of a new technique, the controlled experiment, and that the development of modern physics in the past 50 years is equally indebted to the analysis of lan­guage as a tool for thinking and com­municating. This analysis, which Bridg­man calls the operational method, applies outside the scientific field, too, and teaches that abstract concepts like "beauty," "free institutions," "liberty," and "truth," are concepts that can be communicated only by great and patient skill, if they can be communicated at all. So are some of the concepts I use, like "creative activity" and "freeing one's soul of an artistic inspiration." The old dic­tum "define your terms" is hopeless and irrelevant; operationally, a traditional definition of abstract terms cannot be made. This paper is my own statement of faith that language, imperfect though it is, is still our best medium for com­municating abstract ideas.

I T IS APPROPRIATE, while considering how the state of a craft limits the com­munication of its associated art, and how advances in the craft open new fields for the artist, to comment on the possibility of the application of the techniques of science to other fields. The great success of science in the past few decades has

suggested that there must be some "scien­tific method" that should be applied to other fields like sociology and political science.

Bridgman has this to say: "The scien­tific method, as far as it is a method, is nothing more than doing one's damndest with one's mind, no holds barred." This is hardly a procedure limited to the scientist.

He expresses the view, and I thor­oughly agree with him, that scientific success has been the result of the inven­tion of proper tools for the job, like the controlled experiment and the opera­tional method. Yet, the controlled ex­periment is particularly unadapted for getting the answers to social problems. A controlled experiment is comparatively easy in physics or chemistry, where the number of important variables is small; it is difficult in the biological sciences; in the sense in which the physicist uses the term, a controlled experiment in medi­cine is never realized. A controlled ex­periment on a social unit like a com­munity would be ludicrous and probably tragic. The operational method, on the other hand, seems to have much wider applicability.

What of research carried out at the request and commission of someone else? Most of us work most of the time on scientific problems which are posed for us by others and which usually are aimed toward some practical end. I have implied that inspiration in scientific re­search consists partly in recognizing a problem—recognizing a region in the structure of science where the scientist thinks he can apply his craftsmanship and his subinspirations to advance un­derstanding. I have implied that these subinspirations are everyday occurrences to the practicing professional scientist, and so they are.

When someone else poses the problem, there may indeed be no art, in the sense that the scientist is able to "unburden his soul." But there is little difference in these situations: a scientist at the Geor­gia Tech Engineering Experiment Station engaged to develop a radar set, a peanut planter, or improved paint or cement, or uses for sawdust; an artist commissioned to paint a portrait of your grandmother, or a mural depicting your town's history; or a writer hired to set down a success­ful businessman's biography.

In any of those cases, all that the sponsor, the commissioner, or the patron could expect would be a piece of compe­tent craftsmanship, studded possibly with a few subinspirations.

There is always the chance, however, that the artist, himself, will become in-

14 Tech Alumnus

f The scientist is no less a creator and an artist than the painter or the writer"

spired by the subject and really will pro­duce art in its fullest sense. Commis­sioned portraits often have resulted in great art—El Greco, Titian, Rembrandt, among the masters on a long list, readily come to mind.

Fundamental advances in scientific knowledge often have come as subin-spirations out of work that started as progress toward a very practical end. A famous example is Wallace Sabine's work on architectural acoustics. Sabine was asked to make recommendations for improving acoustics in an auditorium. He devined, in the process, certain fea­tures which could be used physically to measure, after a fashion, the degree of satisfactoriness of a room's acoustics. The learned papers which Sabine pro­duced over the 20 years following that practical assignment, and as the result of it, laid the foundations of the present science of architectural acoustics.

T HE SIDE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH which I have presented is not the one usually described in public. I can see' no logical basis for selling the side of research which stresses only its benefit to the scientist rather than to the patron. What I have said, however, is true of all the arts, and by some devices the arts have been patronized in all civilizations, provided only that there was wealth available beyond mere subsistence; that is, if the civilization did not have its back to the wall. A civilization, a community, an institute, or a business in economic or other distress seldom can afford to patronize art, scientific research included.

1 am unable to explain why patrons contribute to these activities that primari­ly benefit the artist. Maybe the patrons have to benefit from the communication that results. That is certainly true of literature, painting, and other art that "sells." Institutes that support scientific research share the glory of acknowledged scientific achievement. The justification of the few industrial organizations that support research not aimed at specifically applicable results seems to be a com­bination of advertising possibility, public relations, and the desire to have a pool of experts at hand to keep them pre­pared for rapid advances of their indus­try into new scientific areas.

I hardly need say that the art side of research is a necessary appendage to the other facets of research that have more sales appeal—that it is this creation of new knowledge upon which the craft of scientific research must feed.

J[T IS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH directed toward some more or less practical end that has usually been presented to the layman, rather than the side which I have been emphasizing. Often it has been the romantic and heroic story of innu­merable failures and final success.

In the Sigma Xi Research Award Lec­ture of 1947, Dr. Paul K. Calaway re­lated the story of Salvarsan, also called "606" because it was the six hundred and sixth compound made and tested by Paul Erlich and his associates before they found an anti-syphilitic drug which worked. Dr. Calaway's point was that the practical results of research are worth while even when failures hold the enor­mous proportion of 605 to one.

During the World War II, the U. S. Public Health Service coordinated a gi­gantic research effort in which more than 13,000 drugs were tested—on birds and on men—to get only two or three reason­ably satisfactory anti-malarials.

Charles F. Kettering, in his public utterances over the past 15 years or more, often has stressed the high propor­tion of failures in the business of re­search.

While large numbers of attempts are unsuccessful or only partially successful, it would be oveir-cautious and unduly defensive to emphasize that aspect of research. What needs emphasizing in these stories now is not the number of things tried, but the number not tried. In the anti-malarial program almost every compound tested, after the first few hun­dred, showed some efficacy. They were unsatisfactory because they were toxic or because they were not strong enough in anti-malarial properties. Among millions of organic compounds, the 13,000 actu­ally tried do not constitute blind tries.

If we had had more fundamental knowledge of the interaction of drugs and patients and diseases, we might have been able to specify a totally satisfactory anti-malarial in the first place, rather than try 13,000 compounds. The more fundamental knowledge we have, the less blind are our gropings toward practical ends. We seldom resort to trial and error until we feel the chances for success are my^h better than the possible number of blind tries would indicate.

In principle, we can produce art — scientific reserach included — by blind trial and error, but no one believes that is the way to do it. The absurdity of mechanically produced art was lam­pooned by Swift when he had Lemuel Gulliver find in the Academy of Lagado a group producing one folio volume after another with a machine that contained the vocabulary of the nation and that contrived to string words of the language into all possible combinations. The di­rector was requesting additional funds so they could read these volume and select those that were great literature. This country of Lagado had decided to frown on all its established traditions and man­age things "scientifically," as their Acad­emy directed, even if it wrecked them. That eighteenth century gentleman's idea of scientific progress is still widely held, unfortunately, in the twentieth!

Their Engineering Experiment Station showed little resemblance, happily, to the one at Georgia Tech, and their methods scarcely corresponded to Bridgman's statement of the scientific method.

There has been much said publicly about teamwork in scientific research. Teamwork and craftsmanship alone, in an area where fundamental knowledge is lacking, will result in lots of activity, but activity that is no more attractive than than in the Academy of Lagado.

Though I have not repeated them here, it is my belief that there is no exaggera­tion in the claims that have been made by Dr. Calaway, Mr. Kettering, and many others who have pled for institutes and industries to develop scientific re­search programs adapted to their needs. The advantages to the organizations are many, and the public seems to profit, too. But the key feature of a successful program is not unlimited funds or air-conditioned buildings filled with instru­ments. Like worthwhile endeavor in all human activities, the key feature of a successful research program is able and devoted men, thoughtfully and artfully doing their "damndest" with their brains, no holds barred!

December, 1955 15

NEW YORK—the New York Georgia Tech Club met at Reeves Sound Studios on November 17 to hear Alumni Secretary Beard speak on Georgia Tech and her Alumni Association and Foundation. 109 of the 128 dues-paying members of the club turned out for the meeting which also featured H. R. "Peter" Pund, '28, in a talk about his work as assistant to the president of the Shipbuilding Division of Bethlehem Steel Company. This type of a talk by members will be a feature of all future meetings of the club.

During the business meeting presided over by President Hazard Reeves, '28, $400 was transferred to a scholarship fund and $175, the funds from a club raffile, was sent to the Tech library to purchase records for the music room.

Distinguished guests at the meeting included Max Ohl-man, '01; J. E. Davenport, '08; E. E. David, '47; and Ray Beck, '52. The next meeting of the club will be held some­time in the early spring of 1956.

* * * BIRMINGHAM, ALA. — Freshman Coach John Robert Bell and Alumni Secretary Roane Beard were the feature speakers at the first "Ladies' Night" meeting of the Bir­mingham Club on November 9 at the Birmingham Country Club. Coach Bell spoke on "Football at Georgia Tech" and Secretary Beard talked about the "Crisis in Education."

A. R. "Buck" Flowers, '22, was honored with an all-wool Tech sweater complete with a "T" for his selection to the national "Football Hall of Fame."

Outgoing President Rev. Al Mathis presided over the meeting at which the following new officers were elected: John Holcomb, Jr., '35, president; Tom S. Pippin, '40, vice president, and L. Carl Smith, '31, secretary-treasurer.

WASHINGTON, D. C—Much-traveled Alumni Secretary Roane Beard spoke on "Things Tech" at the November 2nd meeting of the Washington Georgia Tech Club held in Huntington Towers in Alexandria, Va. Ralph Lovell, '27, presided over the meeting which drew 50 Tech men.

During the business meeting John C. Woodle, '51, was elected president of the club, while A. R. Stirni was re­elected secretary-treasurer.

KNOXVILLE, TENN.—Bob Wallace, Jr., head of Publi­cations Services for the Engineering Experiment Station and editor of the Alumnus, was the guest speaker at the night-before-the-Tennessee-game meeting of the Knoxville Geor­gia Tech Club on November 5. The editor plugged Tech's research and the football team during his talk and described the work of the new Rich Electronic Computer Center at Tech's Engineering Experiment Station.

Neville McKenzie, the club's vice president, presided over the Ladies' Night meeting held at the S & W Cafeteria.

* * * WINSTON-SALEM, N. C—Al Fairchild, a Duke gradu­ate, spoke to the Winston-Salem Georgia Tech Club at its November 18th meeting held at the Robert E. Lee Hotel. Mr. Fairchild described his recent trip to Europe as a mem­ber of ASME attending the International Metallurgical Conference.

During the business meeting the following officers were installed for the coming year: J. M. Szablowski, president; J. L. Nesbit, vice president; J. L. Owens, treasurer, and R. N. Reynolds, secretary. The next meeting is scheduled for a Friday night during the month of February.

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16 Tech Alumnus

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W&sth^B December, 1955 17

'flyl William Beauford Mathews, TE, for-U 1 mer Atlanta cotton trade executive,

died November 6 in East Meadow, N. Y. He entered the cotton business in Atlanta after leaving Tech and later was cotton con­troller at LeHavre, France where he was also a partner in the firm of E. T. Robinson & Co. H e was prominent in introducing A m e r i c a n o r g a n i z a t i o n s in France and helped establish a Masonic Order there. He served in the government's cotton program during World War II. Mr. Mathews was a consultant with the U. N. Children's Fund from 1947-49 when he went to Tokyo to join the textile division of the Supreme Allied Command. He retired in 1952. ' A C Lamar S. Collier, insurance adjuster " J with the General Adjustment Bureau,

died this past June. His home was in Knoxville, Tenn. ' I P William Richard Bedell died this past

ID April. His home was 34 Highland Dr., N. E., Atlanta. Mr. Bedell was associated with Adams Cates Realty Co., in Atlanta. »1Q Thomas W. Read, Jr. died August 20

1 3 after an extended illness. His home was 909 So. 60th St., Philadelphia, Pa. »Ofl Alton R. Colcord died Nov. 6, 1955, t U at his home, 21 Princeton Way, N. E.,

Atlanta. He had been employed for the past 10 years as an industrial specialist with the State Vocational Rehabilitation Pro­gram of the Dept. of Education. Survivors include his wife; sons, Alton R., Jr., David and John R., all of Atlanta; father, A. R. Colcord, and several sisters.

/ . M. Sheffield, Jr., Chairman of the Board, Life Ins. Co. of Ga., has been re­elected president of the Atlanta Better Business Bureau. His address is 573 West Peachtree, Atlanta, Ga. ' 0 1 William D. Garner, of 3566 Piedmont ^ I Avenue, N. E., Atlanta, died Novem­

ber 8 in an Atlanta hospital. He was a mechanical engineer with Grinnell & Co., at the time of this death. Mr. Garner was an Elk, Mason and Shriner, and was a mem­ber of the Presbyterian Church. Surviving are his wife; daughters, Mrs. Elizabeth Murrell and Mrs. Don Fink.

Otis H. McDonald, of 3243 Seevers, Dal­las, Texas, died Sept. 17, 1955. N o further information was available at this writing. ' O C Arthur Bryant Boazman has been se-^ w lected by the Florida Association of

Realtors as the Realtor of the Year. Mr. Boazman is vice president and general sales manager of The Keyes Co., 234 Biscayne Blvd., Miami 32, Florida. 'Qfl Married: William B. Harper, Arch, to « U Miss Mary Nan Burke, Nov. 3, in

Atlanta. Mr. Harper is associated with Harper's Flowers, 1201 West Peachtree, Atlanta. ' Q Q A. D. Zellner, TE, has been promoted w u to manager of the technical service

section of American Enca Corporation. He has been with the company since 1933 and was assistant manager of the technical serv­ice section prior to his recent appointment. His home address is 72 Bear Creek Rd., Asheville, N. C.

' 0 0 William S. Garner, TE, has assumed wU the duties of Overseer of the Monarch

Mills Card Room at Union, S. C. He has been with the company since 1945. He and his family reside on Perrin Ave., Union, South Carolina.

Born to : Morley Hudson, ME, and Mrs. Hudson, a daughter, Courtney Morley, Nov. 19. Their home address is 4609 Gilbert Dr., Shreveport, La. ' 0 Q Donald M. Leslie, EE, has been WW named Chief of Branch UN-4 of the

New Weapons Structure Division of the Underwater Ordnance Dept., at the U. S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory, Silver Spring, Md. The Leslies live in Hampshire Knolls, Hyattsville, Md. ' i l l Russell Bobbin, IM, has been elected

'" treasurer of the Atlanta Better Busi­ness Bureau. He is associated with the C & S Bank in Atlanta. ' i | 0 Born to : Wilbur D. Fulton, EE, and

»« Mrs. Fulton, a son, Paul Thomas. Nov. 22, 1955. Their home address is 3959 Standish Ave., Cincinnati 13, Ohio.

Henry E. McAuliffe, ME, has been named vice president and general manager ol Mobil Oil Co. de Columbia. He joined Mobil Oil in 1945 and has been in charge of special studies in the producing depart­ment since 1950. 'Af i Engaged: William Asbury Brooks.

»0 ME, to Miss Mary Carolyn Sheffield. The wedding will take place in February. Mr. Brooks is associated with Pye Barker Supply Co., in Atlanta.

It's Time To Go Bowling with George

YELLOW JACKET CONFIDENTIAL BOX 1697 — G E O R G I A TECH ATLANTA, GA.

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18 Tech Alumnus

' ^ Q Laurence H. Gary, ME, was separated ' « from the Navy in December and is

now with the Texas Oil Company's Indus­trial Dept., in Norfolk, Va. His address is 1 201 Hawthorne Dr., Norfolk, Va.

Rutherford L. Ellis, Jr.. EE, was recently separated from the Army and is now living at 543 West Wesley Rd., N. W., Atlanta, Ga. ' C O Born to: Daniel E. Bowers, EE, and *»U Mrs. Bowers, a son, Bruce Alan, Oct.

27. Their home address is 804 Morgan Ave., Natchez, Miss.

Daniel Ashley Vincent, GE, recently re­ceived the commission of Lieutenant (jg) at the U. S. Naval School, Newport, Rhode Island. He was one of two men at the school to receive the Lt (jg) rating and ranked highest scholastically in his section. Lt. Vincent is now assigned to the Charleston Naval Shipyard, Charleston, S. C. His wife, the former Miss Jean Lewis Allen, lives at 3008 So. Church St., Tampa 9, Florida.

Married: Marcus W. Buttrill, Arch, to Miss Athelyn Wade, December 18. Mr. Buttrill is associated with Bonner Builders, 3182 Candler Plaza, Decatur, Ga.

Married: Jasper Stevens Franklin, IM, to Miss Mary Effie Smith, Nov. 19, in Baton Rouge, La. Mr. Franklin is with the Baton Rouge Engineering Depot.

Hngaged: Melvin Gelernter, IM, to Miss Marlene Wolson. The wedding will take place in February. Mr. Gelernter is associ­ated with the California Shops in Atlanta. ' C I Born to: Johnnie A. Lynch, Arch, and •» I Mrs. Lynch, a daughter, Cheryl Anne.

June 17. Their address is 394 Marshentz Ave.. West, Huntsville, Ala.

Engaged: Lewis H. Swann, Jr., IM, to Miss Louise Murphy. The wedding will take place in January. Mr. Swann is manager of the Wilson Tire and Supply Co., in Atlanta.

Married: Hal P. Sikes, IM, to Miss Letitia Sandlin. Oct. 16. Mr. Sikes is associated with DuPont. Their address is 805 Sandle-vvood Dr., Kingston, N. C. ' C O Alan Patrick, EE, is now with Gen-*»" eral Time Corporation in Athens, Ga.

His home address is 199 Athens St.. Jeffer­son, Ga.

Born to: Russell H. Thomas, ME. and Mrs. Thomas, a daughter, Nancy Lynn, Oct. 10. Mr. Thomas is a project engineer with National Steel and Shipbuilding in San Diego. Their address is 263 Littleton Rd., San Diego 19, Calif. ' C O Robert C. Glasscock, Arch, recently *»*» returned from Heidelberg, Germany,

where he was U. S. Army Customs In­spector with the Corps of Engineers. He is now with the Chicago Land Clearance Com­mission in the Project Planning Division. His address is P. O. Box 169, Chicago 90. Illinois.

Married: William Oscar Jones, Arch, to Miss Lucy Snelling, Oct. 1. Mr. Jones is currently serving in the Air Force. His home address is 1241-E Peachtree Hills Ave., N. E., Atlanta, Ga.

Married: Russell C. Kirk, IM, to Miss Betty Jane Vaughan, August 6. Mr. Kirk is with Westinghouse Electric. Their home ad­

dress is 355 Ogden Dr., Baton Rouge, La. ' C ^ Married: John Stewart Hunsinger, IE, *» • to Miss Jo Ann Hall. The wedding

took place in December. Mr. Hunsinger will report to Fort Bliss at El Paso, Texas, the last of December for a two-year tour of duty. ' C C Married: Robert McGee Balentine, « « IM, to Miss Lillian Alexander. The

wedding took place in December. Mr. Bal-lentine is associated with Dewey and Almy Chemical Co., in Greenville, S. C.

Born to: Lt. Chalbert W. Burchett, and Mrs. Burchett, a son, Charles William, No­vember 25, in the Army hospital at Verdun, France. Lt. Burchett's address is 29th Ord­nance Co. (F .M.) , APO 122, c /o P. M., New York, N. Y.

Ralph W. King, IM, is now serving with the Navy at Norfolk, Va. His address is 7211 Newport Ave., Apt. 1, Norfolk, Va.

Lt. Donald B. Parker, IE, recently com­pleted the armament maintenance officers course at The Ordnance School, Aberdeen Proving Ground. Md. His home address is 106 Fourth Ave., Melbourne, Fla.

Born to: James R. Poppe, EE, and Mrs. Poppe, a daughter, Ann, September 12. Mr. Poppe is with the General Electric Co., in Syracuse, N. Y. Their home address is Apt. 26-C, 22 Caton Dr., East Syracuse, N. Y.

Married: Ens. Michael Carlyle Reu, Ch. E., to Miss Nancy Marshall, Dec. 20.

Lt. Monty E. Thome, IE, recently com­pleted the armament maintenance officers course at The Ordnance School, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md.

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December, 1955 19

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