Georgian National Study - IRI · Georgian National Study International Republican Institute, Baltic Surveys Ltd. / The Gallup Organization, The Institute of Polling And Marketing

IRI, USAID, Baltic Surveys / The Gallup Organization, IPM GEORGIAN NATIONAL STUDY, October 27 -November 11, 2011 1

Georgian National Study

International Republican Institute,

Baltic Surveys Ltd. / The Gallup Organization,

The Institute of Polling And Marketing

with funding from the

United States Agency for International

Development

October 27 – November 11, 2011

INFORMATION ABOUT THE SURVEY

• The survey was conducted by the Institute of Polling and Marketing for Baltic Surveys/Gallup on behalf

of the International Republican Institute.

• This national representative survey was carried out from October 27 – November 11, 2011.

• The sample consisted of 4,002 Georgian residents older than the age of 18 and eligible to vote, and is

representative of the general population by age, gender, education and religion.

• The sample design was a multi-stage random sample.

• Stage One: Break country into official administrative regions.

• Stage Two: Select clusters of sampling points based on settlement population (large, medium, small

towns and villages). One sample point – approximately one percent of survey population (39-41

surveys). Sampling points in each region were selected based on the percentage of population living

in the various levels of settlement in that same region.

• Respondents were selected by the random route method, using the next birthday rule to select a

respondent from within a household.

• Data was collected through face-to-face interviews with the respondents.

• The poll was conducted nationwide, including the capital and all major regional centers.

• The margin of error does not exceed +/- 1.5 percent.

• The response rate was 72 percent.

2 IRI, USAID, Baltic Surveys / The Gallup Organization, IPM GEORGIAN NATIONAL STUDY, October 27 -November 11, 2011

ISSUES


What is the most important problem facing Georgia?

54

18

9

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

3

75

38

24

7

4

6

9

2

3

5

1

3

3

2

3

3

Unemployment

Lack of territorial integrity

General economic problems

General social problems

Poor relations with Russia

Poverty

Poor healthcare

Improper foreign policy

Lack of agricultural development

Inflation

Lack of peace

Low wages

Low pensions

Poor education

High taxes

DK/NA

First mention All mentions


What is the most important problem facing your

town/village? 41

10

7

6

3

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

8

54

20

15

13

8

5

5

5

4

3

4

3

3

3

2

2

8

Unemployment

Poor roads

Inadequate water supply

Inadequate gas supply

General economic situation

Expensive transport

Poverty

Increased prices


Lack of agricultural development

Poor healthcare

Cost of public utilities

Inflation

Inadequate irrigation

High taxes

No agricultural machinery

DK/NA

First mention

All mentions


What is the most important problem facing your

household?

43

12

6

5

5

2

2

2

1

1

1

4

9

52

19

14

9

10

4

4

6

4

4

2

4

9

Unemployment

General economic situation

Poor healthcare

Low wages

Poverty

Living conditions

Low pensions

General social situation

Cost of public utilities

Expensive medicine

Inadequate water supply

None

DK/NA

First mention

All mentions


Do you think it is acceptable for groups to use the following

methods of protest?

39

36

29

17

8

8

7

3

3

4

2

55

59

66

77

86

87

88

92

92

91

93

6

5

5

6

6

5

6

5

5

5

5

Collecting signatures for petitions

Legal demonstrations

Legal strikes

Boycotts

Unsanctioned demonstrations

Unsanctioned strikes

Corridor of shame*

Blocking of major roads

Blocking of railway lines

Occupation of buildings or enterprises

Blocking of airports

Acceptable Not acceptable No opinion

* - During protests in the summer of 2009, protestors created a cordon around parliament and hurled abuse at parliamentarians and their staffs as they entered the building.


What is it that you fear the most?

43

12

6

5

5

2

2

2

1

1

1

4

9

52

19

14

9

10

4

4

6

4

4

2

4

9

Unemployment

Poor economy

Poor healthcare

Low wages

Poverty

Poor living conditions

Low pension

Bad social situation

Increased cost of utility

Expensive medicine

Poor water quality

None

DK/NA

First mention

All mentions


Have you been in a situation over the last 12 months when

you had to pay a bribe in order to get a service?

96

95

97

95

96

97

97

98

96

98

97

98

2

2

1

1

0.7

0.8

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.3

0.7

2

0.9

3

1.4

0.6

0.8

0.8

3

0.9

2

1

1

1

1

1

2

1

2

0.8

0.5

0.5

1

0.6

Apr 06

Feb 07

Sep 07

Feb 08

Sep 08

Feb 09

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

No, have not been asked to pay Yes, have been asked to pay Refused to answer DK/NA


In what field should the Georgian Government carry out

reforms in first? Second? Third?

33

28

8

7

5

4

3

3

6

23

24

11

6

4

7

2

5

13

16

12

8

6

8

2

5

2

1 3

4

5

12

2

6

Economy

Healthcare

Education

Judiciary

Defense

Local governance

Agriculture

Penitentiary and corrections

Environmental protection

Energy

DK/NA

First Second Third


Please prioritize the top five issues that the government

should address from one to five (one is most important)?

2.6

2.7

2.98

2.98

3.01

3.15

3.22

3.22

3.3

3.4

3.42

3.54

1 2 3 4 5

Support business development

Return refugees and IDPs to their homes

Reevaluate foreign policy

Improve education system

Improve relations between government and society

Revise tax system

Improve road infrastructure

Reform court system

Improve ethnic relations

Fight corruption

Strengthen military power

Improve and protect the environment


What effects of the world finance crisis do you feel?

(those who feel effects, N=2807) (by region)

52

8

15

8

11

70

7

9

3

5

53

40

2

78

6

3

7

1

64

23

7

4

42

15

10

6

4

85

2

2

6

75

8

6

9

2

50

15

6

6

7

82

1

1

3

1

1

Increased overall prices

Increased food prices

General economic difficulties

Unemployment

Inflation

Tbilisi

Kakheti

Shida Kartli

Kvemo Kartli

Samtskhe-Javakheti

Ajara

Guria

Samegrelo

Imereti

Mtskheta-Mtianeti


POLITICS


When considering which party to vote for, what is more

important?

54 54 53 5348

55 53 5550

55 54 58 58 6053

18 18 20 1925

2323

27

24

2622

26 26 25

26

2319

16 1915

2316

1911

59 7 7 6 5 5 3 2 3 5 6

16 1421

2120 21

0

20

40

60

80

100

Nov

11

May

11

Oct

10

Mar

10

Oct

09

Jun 0

9

Feb 0

9

Sep 0

8

Feb 0

8

Sep 0

7

Feb 0

7

Apr

06

Oct

05

Jun 0

5

Oct

04

No answer

Both

Party is more

important

Leader is more

important


What are the three most important achievements of the

Georgian government?

47

18

25

20

15

14

7

6

7

6

4

2

3

2

15

2

1

2

2

2

3

3

5

6

8

9

31

8

15

2

Improved electricity supply

Improved infrastructure

Regulated roads

Reduced crime

Reformed education

Reformed patrol police

Paid pensions on time

Reorganized Ministry of Defense

Developed tourism

Eradicated corruption

Stabilized the country

Introduced Georgia to the world

Increased social aid

Improved environmental situation

Nothing

DK/NA

First mention

All mentioned


What are the three biggest failures of the Georgian

government?

1

19

38

31

24

9

5

4

3

3

3

2

2

1

19

23

27

1

1

1

1

2

2

5

14

Failure to regain territories

War with Russia in August 2008

Unemployment

Tensions with Russia

Economic problems

High communal taxes

Inattention to villages

Failure of healthcare reform

Inflation

Making false promises

Increased emigration

Nothing

DK/NA

First mention

All mentioned


What are three main issues that Parliament needs to address?

51

18

16

14

11

8

6

5

3

4

3

2

2

3

18

1

1

1

1

1

2

3

2

4

4

4

7

10

37

1

18

Create jobs

Economic development

Solve territorial integrity

Reform healthcare

Reduce pension age

Develop agriculture

Reform education

Solve social problems

Pass fair laws

Decrease taxes

Decrease prices

Improve foreign policy

Solve Russian relations

Restart industrial production

Increasing salary

DK/NA

First mention

All mentions


Is it important for Georgia to have a political opposition?

71

81

79

85

82

83

84

86

85

91

86

87

88

85

86

10

6

5

7

7

5

6

7

6

4

6

5

5

6

5

19

14

16

9

11

12

10

7

9

5

8

8

7

9

9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Apr 10

Jun 05

Oct 05

Apr 06

Feb 07

Sep 07

Feb 08

Sep 08

Feb 09

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

Yes No DK


Do you think that government and opposition should continue

dialogue?

88

86

81

81

85

87

88

87

72

6

4

8

7

6

3

4

3

5

6

10

11

12

9

10

8

10

23

0 20 40 60 80 100

Feb 08

Sep 08

Feb 09

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

Yes No DK/NA


Do you feel the governor of your region is doing a good job

effectively addressing the problems of your region?

5

3

3

3

2

4

9

5

5

10

5

7

5

5

21

22

22

21

23

23

31

20

21

28

28

33

31

33

39

37

46

39

41

38

34

37

35

30

33

28

32

31

22

17

19

21

25

17

13

17

19

13

13

10

9

12

13

21

10

16

9

18

13

21

20

19

21

22

22

18

0 20 40 60 80 100

Jun 05

Oct 05

Apr 06

Feb 07

Sep 07

Feb 08

Sep 08

Feb 09

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

Very effective Mostly effective Mostly ineffective Very ineffective DK/NA


Do you feel the governor of your region is doing a good job

effectively addressing the problems of your region? (by region)

5 6 4 5 510 9

2

30

44

24

3934

45

30

41

26

14

20

4145

22

31

7

16 1529

4

47

4 4

12

33

23

29

40

23

23

5

5

16

512

1823

67

33

1513

Tbili

si

Kak

heti

Shida

Kar

tli

Kve

mo

Kar

tli

Samts

ke-Ja

vakhet

i

Adj

ara

Guri

a

Sameg

relo

Imer

eti

Mts

kheta

-Mtia

neti

DK/NA

Very

ineffective

Mostly

ineffective

Mostly

effective

Very

effective


What are three major issues that the governor of your region

needs to address? (all regions except Tbilisi, N=2892)

23

14

9

6

6

4

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

12

23

43

7

Create jobs

Build/repair roads

Develop agriculture

Provide clean drinking water

Improve gas supply

Increase citizen contact

General care for people


Infrastructure repair

Deal with economic problems

Improve telephone system

Sell local products

Improve access to technology

Regulate local councils

Improve health care

Regulate irrigation canals

Increasing prices of products

Restarting factories

Develop tourism

Supply firewood

DK/NA


INTERNATIONAL

RELATIONS


How would you evaluate Georgia’s relationship with...?

94

92

91

89

88

87

86

85

84

77

66

3

2

3

4

6

5

5

5

7

7

12

15

2

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

3

1

5

6

93

6

7

8

4

8

6

13

2

4

4

3

3

0 20 40 60 80 100

United States

Ukraine

European Union

Azerbaijan

France

Lithuania

Poland

Turkey

Germany

Armenia

Iran

Russia

Good Neither good nor bad Bad No answer


Which countries are the most important partners for Georgia?

Which comprise the most political and economic threat?

61

33 33

23

1311 11

8 7

2

7

30.3 0.5 0.5

3 4

0.12

16

78

United

States

European

Union

Ukraine Azerbaijan Turkey Armenia Poland Russia Lithuania Iran DK

Partners Threats


Do you think that Russian aggression to Georgia is over or

is it still going on?

2

2

2

5

7

3

7

10

11

11

14

18

12

17

84

82

82

74

69

72

65

4

6

5

7

6

13

11

0 20 40 60 80 100

Feb 09

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

It is over and unlikely to resume It is over but likely to resume It is still going on DK/NA


Do you support further dialogue with Russia?

78

84

78

73

15

12

16

17

2

2

2

2

1

2

4

3

2

4

1 2

0 20 40 60 80 100

May 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

Fully support Somewhat support Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose DK/NA


Who should engage in the dialogue?

(fully or somewhat supporting further dialogue)

6

4

6

6

3

4

4

3

10

10

9

11

11

12

11

8

70

70

71

72

Mar 10 N=1667

Oct 10 N=1437

May 11 N=1412

Nov 11 N=3605

Georgian Government

Georgian society

Political parties

Other

DK/NA


Do you support Georgia joining NATO?

70

49

45

54

50

55

55

61

17

23

23

21

22

19

22

19

4

7

9

6

6

5

6

5

4

10

12

6

9

9

6

5

6

11

10

13

13

12

11

10

0 20 40 60 80 100

Sep 08

Feb 09

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 10

Nov 11

Fully support Somewhat support Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose DK/NA


When do you think Georgia will become a member of NATO?

16

12

7

22

4

1

1

30

31

33

39

13

9

11

11

18

20

8

21

21

26

11

15

7

9

14

18

24

22

2

3

11

16

7

13

7

7

7

41

36

35

28

51

53

55

60

59

62

62

2

0.6

5

3

0 20 40 60 80 100

Feb 07

Sep 07

Feb 08

Sep 08

Feb 09

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

In 2009* (2008) In 2010 In 2012 In 2014** Never DK/NA

30

___________________________________

*In 2007 and 2008 years the answer category was “In 2008”, in February 2009 this answer category was changed to “In 2009”

** Included from March 2010

IRI, USAID, Baltic Surveys / The Gallup Organization, IPM GEORGIAN NATIONAL STUDY, October 27 -November 11, 2011

If/when Georgia becomes a member of NATO, what do you

expect from membership?

6

4

64

50

39

35

11

19

6

7

7

5

2

1

14

1

1

1

1

2

2

13

8

44

3

14

NATO membership will ensure national security

NATO membership will help restore territorial integrity

NATO membership will promote stability

NATO membership will improve public welfare

NATO bases will be deployed in Georgia

NATO membership will strengthen democracy

NATO membership will inhibit relations with Russia

Georgia's territory will be used in case of hostilities

Georgia’s military will be involved in NATO operations

Georgia will be involved in war operations

NATO membership will cause the loss of more territory

Nothing

DK/Refuse



Is Georgia’s NATO membership more important/crucial after

Russia-Georgia war?

DK/NA

14%

Less important than

before the war

6%

Not important

5%

As important as before

the war

24%

More important than

before the war

51%


INSTITUTIONS


How do you feel about the work of the following institutions?

93

89

87

70

69

68

67

67

67

57

56

54

51

50

46

40

30

2

6

9

23

23

25

18

24

26

24

33

26

33

22

29

46

36

5

5

4

7

8

7

15

9

7

19

12

20

16

28

25

14

34

Church

Army

Police

President's office

Georgian media

Cabinet of Ministers

Central bank

Education system

Parliament

Prosecutor's office

Local authorities

Courts

Governors

Ombudsman's office

Central Election Commission

Political parties

Trade unions

Favorable Unfavorable No opinion


SOURCES OF

INFORMATION


Which of these sources do you use to obtain political

information? 97

28

19

14

14

6

2

0.3

0.2

0.2

98

26

29

15

12

10

3

0.7

0.4

0.1

96

25

24

16

8

3

0.6

0.5

0.4

25

12

10

3

1011

1

0.4

0.1

23

94TV news, programs

Articles in newspapers

Relatives, friends

Internet

Radio news, programs

Articles in magazines

Colleagues at work

Meetings with politicians

Billboards, stands in the

streets

Leaflets and the other free

information by post

Nov 11

May 11

Oct 10

Mar 10


Is Georgian mass media free to express various political views

or there is control from the Government over media content?

20

17

22

13

10

13

14

10

15

11

13

16

14

45

51

53

47

41

44

35

35

37

43

39

42

38

16

20

14

28

28

24

26

25

23

22

22

19

25

4

2

5

13

8

14

14

11

9

11

7

9

8

9

7

7

11

11

15

14

15

15

16

14

3 16

0 20 40 60 80 100

Oct 05

Apr 06

Feb 07

Sep 07

Feb 08

Sep 08

Feb 09

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

Totally free Mostly free Mostly unfree Totally unfree DK/NA


Is Georgian mass media free to express various political views

or there is control from the government over media content?

(by region)

714 17

8

25

11 13

40

8

18

24

66

41

45

5042

28

5022

38

7

23

15

23 32

19

25

29

16

3

3

8

29

125

8

12

1510

16

38

137

18 9

19

29

17

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Tbili

si

Kak

heti

Shida

Kar

tli

Kve

mo

Kar

tli

Samts

ke-Ja

vakhet

i

Adj

ara

Guri

a

Sameg

relo

Imer

eti

Mts

kheta

-Mtia

neti

DK/NA

Totally

unfree

Mostly

unfree

Mostly

free

Totally

free


Why do you think that Georgian mass media is not free to

express various political views? (unfree or mostly unfree)

65

11

5

18

63

10

6

1

20

69

9

6

2

14

70

8

9

1

12

70

9

9

11

73

8

8

2

9

77

5

11

7

75

9

6

10

81

5

6

1

6

86

2

4

8

1

Government puts pressure on

media

Media does not report bad

news

Media is corrupt

Other

DK/NA

Nov 11

May 11

Oct 10

Mar 10

Oct 09

Jun 09

Feb 09

Sep 08

Feb 08

Sep 07


Do you feel that television stations offer a fair and

balanced view of the political situation?

Yes

33%

No

37%

DK/NA

30%


What would improve this situation?

(TV stations don’t offer a fair balanced view. N=1469)

45

33

31

1

1

11

More interactive shows that

allow participation from

regular people

More time spent covering

opposition activities and

events

More debates between

different parties

Media should be independent

The facts should be

broadcasted fairly

DK/NA


Do you support further street protests in the future?

3

4

6

4

4

15

14

16

14

14

16

16

19

20

21

55

48

54

51

11

11

8

10

569

0 20 40 60 80 100

Nov 11

May 11

Oct 10

Mar 10

Oct 09

Definitely yes Likely yes Likely no Definitely no DK/NA


For what reason would you go to the protest action?

(Supporting further street protests. N=732)

69

23

11

7

Because of difficult social

conditions

To request free elections

Because of injustice

For early parliamentary and

presidential elections


How many times per week do you access the Internet?

11

12

14

15

18

18

1

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

4

4

4

3

3

3

5

5

3

5

6

4

6

7

5

77

72

74

67

62

68

1

1

2

2

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Jun 09

Oct 09

Mar 10

Oct 10

May 11

Nov 11

Every day 5-6 times per week 3-4 times per week 1-2 times per week Less often Never DK/NA


How many times per week do you access the Internet?

(by region)

37

7 812 10

23

12 12

48

79 78 78 76

60

89

73 73

87

721

21

1

42

2

2

22

43

2

3

35

2

4

4

2

45

3

4

122

3

3

1

56

4

9

6257

6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Tbili

si

Kak

heti

Shida

Kar

tli

Kve

mo

Kar

tli

Samts

ke-Ja

vakhet

i

Adj

ara

Guri

a

Sameg

relo

Imer

eti

Mts

kheta

-Mtia

neti

Never

Less often

1-2 times

per week

3-4 times

per week

5-6 times

per week

Every day


Where do you access the Internet?

(Internet users)

82

11

10

3

1

69

12

13

2

2

0.7

6

73

22

13

7

0.6

71

14

14

7

1

60

13

15

6

1

5

17

7

1

6

0.4

0.6

0.5

1

10

58

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

My home

Friend's home

Work

Internet café

By phone

Other

DK/NA

Nov 11 N=1293

May 11 N=567

Oct 10 N=496

Mar 10 N=477

Oct 09 N=414

Jun 09 N=349


How often do you do the following activities on the internet?

1

1

5

2

2

1

1

7

4

4

2

1

1

8

7

7

5

3

3

74

84

83

90

95

95

1

1

1

3 2

0 20 40 60 80 100

Read political news online

Read a political blog

Watch a video about politics

Visit a party website

Take part in online political

discussion

Communicate with a politician

Every day 5-6 times/week 3-4 times/week 1 -2 times/week Less often Never


POLITICS


Do you plan to vote in the next parliamentary elections?

DK/NA

5%

Not likely to vote

2%

Definitely will not vote

5%

Likely will vote

13%

Definitely will vote

75%


Under what circumstances would you not participate in the

elections? (Definitely or likely to vote. N=3506)

15

6

6

2

2

1

19

34

17

10

7

7

2

2

2

1

19

9

34

2

There is no reason I will not vote

Because of health problems

If there is no desirable candidate

If there are not legitimate elections

If I will be outside Georgia

If I am not on the voters list

If Bidzina Ivanishvili does not participate

If I am not alive

Because of family problems

DK/NA



Under what circumstances would you decide to vote?

(Not likely or definitely will not vote. N=294)

15

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

32

34

8

2

6

32

22

32

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

2

15

If there is an adequate candidate

There is no reason that I would decide to vote

If people become employed

If elections will be democratic

If elections will be impartial

If I will be convinced that the elections are impartial

If there is more economic development

If the national government schedules elections

If Bidzina Ivanishvili will not participate

If I will be given voting papers

If a desirable party participates

If promises are kept

If they bring the ballot-box to my house

Other

DK/NA



What qualities do you want to see in a candidate for Parliament?

21

9

5

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

40

35

19

22

15

10

6

6

5

12

7

6

5

4

3

2

6

3

2

16

14

27

5

6

Determination

Integrity

Diplomacy

Patriotism

Care for the people

Honesty

Strength of character

Hard worker

Educated

Love for the people

Loyalty

Purposefulness

Professionalism

Business-like

Man of his word

Smart

Principled

Sensitive

Orator

Leadership

DK/NA



All things equal, which candidate would you vote for?

Does not matter

47%

DK/NA

3%

Woman

4%

Man

46%


Do you agree with increasing the number of parliamentarians

in the next parliament?

DK/NA

19%

Somewhat disagree

11%

Strongly disagree

56%

Somewhat agree

8%

Definitely agree

6%


How do you feel about political parties asking for money?

Neutral

17%

DK/NA

15%

Negative

62%

Positive

6%


In what way do you think you could best contribute to the

activity of the party you support?

33

33

32

28

22

21

17

8

53

53

51

57

61

62

65

76

14

14

16

15

17

17

17

16

Meetings with party leaders

Meetings with local

authorities

Volunteer as an Election Day

poll watcher

Public meetings with

Parliamentarians

Round tables with party

members

Hand out party literature

Go door-to-door for the party

Give financial contribution

Yes No DK/NA


SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICS


58

Gender

Male

47%

Female

53%

Age groups

18-29

19%

50+

44%

30-49

37%


59

Education

Secondary

36%

Primary

1%University, higher

34%

Vocational

21%

Unfinished secondary

4%

Unfinished higher

4%

Ethnicity

Other

2%

Azeri

6% Georgian

89%

Armenian

3%


60

Attendance of religious service

A few times a week

5%

Once a week

15%

Once a month

22%

A few times per year

41%

Never

17%

Religion

Muslim

10%

Other

3%

Orthodox

86%

None

1%


61

Occupation

Housewife

16%Unemployed

29%Self-employed

3%

Student

3%

Blue collar

5%

Farmer

5%

White collar

14%

Executive

3%Retired

22%

Sector of employment

Don't work

73%

Nongovernmental

0.2%

Private sector

18%

State sector

9%


62

Regions

Tbilisi

29%

Kakheti

9% Shida Kartli

7%

Kvemo Kartli

11%

Samtskhe-Javakheti

4%

Ajara

8%Guria

3%Samegrelo

10%

Imereti

17%

Mtskheta-Mtianeti

2%


Documents

Georgian National Study - IRI · Georgian National Study International Republican Institute, Baltic Surveys Ltd. / The Gallup Organization, The Institute of Polling And Marketing