German Nous Declension - More

7/23/2019 German Nous Declension - More

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German nouns

Weak nouns & nouns from adjectives and verb infinitives

Identifying nouns|Nouns and gender| Gender patterns|Nouns with 2 genders| ompound nouns!"ura" forms| !"ura" patterns| #ea$ nouns| %d&ectiva" nouns| Infinitive nouns|GRAMMAR INDEX

Weak nouns / Masculine -n nouns

Weak nouns' a"so ca""ed masculine n-nouns' are a group of mascu"ine nouns in German

that have a specia" dec"ension. In addition to inf"ecting their artic"e' these nouns themse"ves

add an (enor (nending )-nif the noun a"ready ends in (e* in every case and num+er e,ceptthe nominative singu"ar.

singu"ar p"ura" singu"ar p"ura"

Nominative der Neffe die Neffen der -e"d die -e"den

%ccusative den Neffen die Neffen den -e"den die -e"den

ative dem Neffen den Neffen dem -e"den den -e"den

Genitive des Neffen der Neffen des -e"den der -e"den

any of the wea$ nouns refer to peop"e or anima"s: der Student' der Junge, der Herr'

der Nac!ar' der "ran#ose' der Ele$ant' der Hase' der A%%e. #ea$ nouns that do not

refer to peop"e or anima"s' add an additiona" (ssuffi, in the genitive singu"ar.


Nominative der Name die Namen der e"s die e"sen

%ccusative den Namen die Namen den e"sen die e"sen

ative dem Namen den Namen dem e"sen den e"sen

Genitive des Namens der Namen des e"sens der e"sen

ost mascu"ine (nnouns are easi"y identifia+"e. 1hey are:

. ascu"ine nouns that end in an unstressed -e: 4: der Jude' der &'(e' der Er!e.

2. Nouns of foreign origin that have their accent on the fina" sy""a+"e. 1he foreign

origin is often evident in the word suffi,es )-ant, -ast, -ent, -et, -ist, -nom, -o$,

-ot' etc.*: 4: der )oli#ist' der Assistent' der )iloso$' der Des$ot' der

Astronom' der G*mnasiast.

3. % handfu" of additiona" one(sy""a+"e mascu"ine nouns that designate ma"e +eings'

inc"uding anima"s: 4: der +r' der rist' der Mensc' der )rin#' der Narr' der

+auer.
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#ithin these ru"es' there are two anoma"ies' der Herr' which ta$es an -nending in the

singu"ar dec"ension forms and an -enin the p"ura" forms' and das Her#' which is a neuter

noun that ta$es on the mascu"ine (nnoun suffi,es' e,cept for in the accusative singu"ar.

der Herr dasHer#


Nominative der -err die -err en das-er5 die -er5en

%ccusative den -errn die -erren das-er5 die -er5en

ative dem -errn den -erren dem -er5en den -er5en

Genitive des -errn der -erren des -er5ens der -er5en

Identifying nouns|Nouns and gender|Gender patterns|Nouns with 2 genders|ompound nouns

!"ura" forms|!"ura" patterns|#ea$ nouns|%d&ectiva" nouns|Infinitive nouns|GRAMMAR INDEX

Adjectival nouns

6ome masculine and %eminine nounsthat designate peop"e are sometimes formed from

ad&ectives or particip"es used as ad&ectives. #hi"e it is possi+"e to spontaneous"y create an

ad&ectiva" noun as needed' some such nouns have +ecome preferred designations for

specific peop"e or things.

ad&ective definition ad&ectiva" noun definition

angestellt employed der . die Angestellte employee

arm poor der . die Arme poor person

!ekannt known der . die +ekannte acquaintance

!lind blind der . die +linde blind person

deutsc German der . die Deutsce German person

er(acsen grown der . die Er(acsene adult

%remd foreign der . die "remde foreigner

ge%angen captive der . die Ge%angene prisoner

gelert educated der . die Gelerte scholar

gelie!t loved der . die Gelie!te lover

/ugendlic youthful der . die Jugendlice adolescent

krank sick der . die 0ranke sick person

reisend traveling der . die Reisende traveler

tot dead der . die 1ote dead person

2erlet#t hurt der . die 3erlet#te injured person

2erlo!t engaged der . die 3erlo!te fianc(e)

2er(andt related der . die 3er(andte relative

Neuter nounsformed from ad&ectives refer to ideas' concepts' or a+stractions.

ad&ective definition ad&ectiva" noun definition
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!est- best das +este the best (thing)

gan# whole das Gan#e the whole (thing)

gut good das Gute that which is good

m'glic possible das M'glice that which is possible

neu new das Neue that which is new

rictig right das Rictige that which is right

sc'n beautiful das Sc'ne that which is beautiful

teuer expensive das 1eure that which is expensive

(ictig important das Wictige that which is important

%d&ective nouns are a"ways capita"i5ed and ta$e the same endings that they wou"d have as

ad&ectives.

der . die +ekannte, -n

acquaintance

das +ekannte

the knownmascu"ine feminine p"ura" neuter

Nom der 7e$annteein 7e$annter

die 7e$annteeine 7e$annte

die 7e$annten$eine 7e$annten

7e$annte

das 7e$annteein 7e$anntes

7e$anntes

%cc den 7e$annteneinen 7e$annten

die 7e$annteeine 7e$annte

die 7e$annten$eine 7e$annten

7e$annte

das 7e$annteein 7e$anntes

7e$anntes

at dem 7e$annteneinem 7e$annten

der 7e$annteneiner 7e$annten

den 7e$annten$einen 7e$annten

7e$annten

dem 7e$annteneinem 7e$annten

7e$anntem

Gen des 7e$annteneines 7e$annten

der 7e$annteneiner 7e$annten

der 7e$annten$einer 7e$annten

7e$annter

des 7e$annten

8emem+er that ad&ective endings are determined +y the case' gender' and num+er of the

noun they descri+e. 1he same app"ies to ad&ective nouns' e,cept that the gender of the

ad&ectiva" noun depends on whether it refers to a ma"e or fema"e person or peop"e or

whether it refers to an a+stract concept or idea.

Die 3erlet#tenwurden ins 9ran$enhaus

ge+racht.

The injured people were brought to the hospital

In New or$ ha+en wir 5wei netteDeutsce$ennen ge"ernt.

!n "ew #ork we met two nice Germans

ie Namen der Jugendlicenhat er vergessen. $e forgot the names of the teenagers

%"s er an$am' hat er das Neusteer5;h"t. %hen he arrived& he reported the latest

Ich tue immer mein +estes. ! always do my best

#hen neuter ad&ective nouns fo""ow the undec"ina+"e indefinite pronouns et(as, nicts,

2iel, and(enig,they must ta$e the strong ad&ective endings +ecause these pronouns do not

carry any case information. #hen the ad&ectiva" nouns fo""ow the dec"ina+"e pronoun alles'

they ta$e wea$ ad&ective endings +ecause the pronoun alles is dec"ined to carry the

pertinent case information.


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6ie schen$t mir immer et(as 1eures5um

Ge+urtstag.

'he always gives me something expensive

for my birthday

r hat nicht 2iel Wictiges5u sagen. $e doesnt have much of importance to say

-eute muss ich mich mit 2iel Neuem+esch;ftigen. Today ! have to occupy myself with lots of

new things

#ir ha+en alles M'gliceschon pro+iert. %e have tried everything possible

Identifying nouns|Nouns and gender|Gender patterns|Nouns with 2 genders|ompound nouns!"ura" forms|!"ura" patterns|#ea$ nouns|%d&ectiva" nouns|Infinitive nouns|GRAMMAR INDEX

Infinitive nouns

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German Nous Declension - More