Giao an Tin Hoc 12 (Chuong Trinh Moi)Binhduong

8/14/2019 Giao an Tin Hoc 12 (Chuong Trinh Moi)Binhduong

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Gio n tin lp 12 ng Th Phong

Cu trc chng 1 :7(5,0,2,0)Khi nim v c s d liu v h qun tr c s d liu

Tit 1,2,3: 1. Khi nim v c s d liu

Chng 1:Khi nim v c s d liu v h qun tr c s d liu

Tit 1 1. Khi nim v c s d liu (1tit/3 tit)I. Mc ch yu cua) Mc ch, yu cu: HS hiu c bi tan minh ha, h thng ha cc cng vic

thng gp khi qun l thng tin ca mt hot ng no , lp c cc bng chathng tin theo yu cu.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chngtrnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son), tranh nh chp sn .

c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhII. Ni dung bi mi

Stt Lp SS hc sinh H tn Gv chnhim

H tn lptrng

Ghich

1 12A2 12B3 12C4 12D5 12E6 12F7 12G8 12H9 12I

10 12K

11 12M12 12N

stt H tn Ngy sinhGiitnh

onvin

Tan L Ha Vn Tin

1 Nguyn An 12/08/89 1 C 7,8 5,0 6,5 6,0 8,5

2 Trn Vn Giang 23/07/88 1 R 6,5 6,5 7,0 5,5 7,5

3 L Th Minh Chu 03/05/87 0 R 7,5 6,5 7,5 7,0 6,5

4 Dan Thu Cc 12/05/89 0 R 6,5 6,4 7,1 8,2 7,3

5 H Minh Hi 30/07/89 1 C 7,5 6,7 8,3 8,1 7,5Hnh 1. V d h s hc sinh

(1:Nam, 0: N - C: cha vo on, R: vo on)Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng

Tit 1:Cu 1:Mun qun lthng tin v im hcsinh ca lp ta nn lpdanh sch cha cc ctno? Gi : n

gin vn ct imnn tng trng mtvi mn. HS1: ct H tn, gii

1. Khi nim v c s d liu1. Bi tan qun l:

qun l hc sinh trong nh trng,ngi ta thng lp cc biu bnggm cc ct, hng cha cc thngtin cn qun l.

a) Mt trong nhng biu bng cthit lp lu tr thng tin v imca hs nh sau

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Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bngStt,hoten,ngaysinh,giitnh,an vin,tan,l,ha,vn,tin

GV: Em hy nu ln

cc cng vic thnggp khi qun l thngtin ca mt i tngno ?

Cu3: y chnh lbiu bng c lp ravi mc ch qun l

cc thng tin t trngca i tng cnqun l, t im ttc mi thng tin ucha cng mt bngdn n h qu:mt

bng thng tin scha qu nhiu d liutrn mt bng, ch yuc vit v lu lngiy?

tnh,ngy sinh,a ch,t,im tan, im vn,im tin...

b) Cc cng vic thng gp khiqun l thng tin ca mt itng no :

o To lp h s v cc itng cn qun l;

o Cp nht h s (thm, xa,sa h s);o Tm kim;o Sp xp;o Thng k;o Tng hp, phn nhm h s;o T chc in n

III. Cu hi cng c v bi tp v nh Cu 1: Cc cng vic thng gp khi qun l thng tin ca mt i tng no ? Cu 2 : Lp bng th 1 trn giy gm hai ct, ct 1 t tn l Tn mn hc lit k tt

c cc mn hc m em ang hc, ct 2 t tn M mn hc, dng k hiu 1,2,3.... t tn cho tng mn hc. t tn cho bng Mn hc.

Cu 3 : Lp bng th 2, gm cc ct sau:M hc sinh, h tn, ngy sinh,gii tnh, ach, t. Ch ghi tng trng 5 hc sinh. Trong mi hc sinh c mt m hc sinh duynht, c th t A1, A2... t tn bng DSHS.

Cu 4 : Lp bng th 3, gm cc ct sau:M hc sinh, m mn hc, ngy kim tra,im. Mi hc sinh c th kim tra nhiu mn. t tn l Bng im.

4. Dn d:5. Rt kinh nghim:

1hng : hi nim v c s d liu v h qun tr c d liu

2Tit 1. ( 2/2 )Khi nim v c s d liu tit tita) Mc ch, yu cu: HS nm c khi nim CSDL l g? Bit vai tr ca CSDL

trong hc tp v i sng? Nm khi nim h QTCSDL, h CSDL, s tng tc

gia cc thnh phn trong h CSDL.

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b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chngtrnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son), tranh nh chp sn hnh 1, hnh 2.(xem ph lc 1, gio n)

c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhd) Cc bc ln lp

1. n nh t chc: Nm s tnh hnh:cn b lp, gv ch nhim.

2. Kim tra ming: Kim tra v lm bi tp nh ca 3 hc sinh. Ba HS ghi ktqu lm bi tp tit 1 ln bng cng mt ln.3. p n:

Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bngGV: CSDL lu trn giykhc CSDL lu trn mytnh im no?GV: Phn mm gipngi s dng c th to

CSDL trn my tnh gil g? (h qtcsdl)

GV: Hin nay c baonhiu h qun tr CSDL?Cc h qun tr CSDL

ph bin c nhiungi bit n lMySQL,Oracle,PostgreSQL, SQLServer,DB2, v.v. Phnln cc h qun tr CSDLk trn hot ng tt trnnhiu h iu hnh khcnhau nh Linux,Unix vMacOS ngoi tr SQLServer ca Microsoftchchy trn h iu hnhWindows.

GV: dng phn mm ngdng qun l hc sinhvi h QTCSDL : MSAccess minh ha chos tng tc

ca h CSDL, lu nvai tr ca phn mmng dng v h QTCSDL(phn mm ng dnggip ngi dng c thgiao tip mt cch d

dng vi csdl thng quacc thao tc n gin).GV:

2. C s d liu l g?C s d liu (CSDL-Database) ltp hp cc d liu c lin quan vinhau, cha thng tin ca mt itng no (nh trng hc, bnh

vin, ngn hng, nh my...), clu tr trn b nh my tnh png nhu cu khai thc thng tin canhiu ngi s dng vi nhiu mcch khc nhau.V d1: ly li v d Hnh 1

3. S cn thit phi c ccCSDL:Thng tin ngy cng nhiu vphc tp, vic qun l v khaithc csdl trn giy c nhiu bttin, v th vic to csdl trn mytnh gip ngi dng to lp ,khai thc thng tin ca CSDL mtcch c hiu qu .Trong cn

phi k n vai tr khng th nothiu c ca phn mm mytnh da trn cng c my tnhin t.4. H qun tr CSDL:

L phn mm cung cp m trngthun li v hiu qu to lp, lutr v tm kim thng tin caCSDL, c gi l h qun tr CSDL(h QTCSDL-DataBase ManegementSystem)-

Nh vy, to lp v khai thc

mt csdl cn phi c:-H QTCSDL-Cc thit b vt l (my tnh, acng, mng my tnh...)

-Ngoi ra, cc phn mm ng dngc xy dng trn h QTCSDL gipthun li cho ngi s dng khi mun

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csdl
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQLhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oraclehttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oraclehttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostgreSQLhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL_Server&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL_Server&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DB2&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DB2&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linuxhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unixhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unixhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MacOS&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oraclehttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostgreSQLhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL_Server&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL_Server&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DB2&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linuxhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unixhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MacOS&action=edithttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL


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Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng

Hnh 2(cchkhc)

GV: Mun v s theo h CSDL, chcn v thm mt sk hiu hnh nhnnm ngoi v ccmi tn hai chiu lc.

Gn 1->CSDL,2->phn mm ng dng3->H QTCSDLHy sp xp th t u

tin ca cc thnh phn

trn da vo vai tr can trong h CSDL. Giithch v sao em sp xpnh vy? (Xem Hnh 2)

Dng s tng tc trn (H2) pht trinkhi nim: H thngCSDL l g?GV: yu cu HS cn c

trn s trn athm tc nhn : Conngi, l thnh phn rtquan trng trong hthng CSDL, mt thnh

phn m s tn ti vpht trin ca c h thngCSDL u phi phthuc vo n.GV: cho HS pht trinthm s . Gi HS ln

bng v.Hnh 3. Hs v nh v

bng bt ch xem nhmt bi tp.(hai cch,cch1:s hnh trnng tm, cch2: s nhn qu )

to lp v khai thc CSDLHnh 2: S tng tc gia phn

mm ng dng, h QTCSDL vCSDL

Phn mm ng dng

H QTCSDL

CSDL5.H thng CSDL:

Ngi ta dng thut ng h thng

CSDL (hay h CSDL) ch :- Con ngi- H QTCSDL qun tr v khai thcCSDL- CSDL

Hnh 3:S tng tc gia cc thnh phn

ca h CSDLCon ngi

Phn mm ng dng

H QTCSDL

CSDL

2. Cng c, hng dn HS lm cc bi tp sau y: Cu 1: Hy nu mt s hot ng c s dng CSDL m em bit?

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cs


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Cu 2: in vo trng di y:

Cu 3: Gi s phi xy dng mt CSDL qun l mn, tr sch th vin, theo emcn phi lu tr nhng thng tin g? Hy cho bit nhng vic phi lm p ng nhucu qun l ca ngi th th.

Cu 4: Phn bit CSDL vi h QTCSDL (Tm im ging nhau v khc nhau c bngia chng).

3.Dn d:HS lu Hnh 3 trong bi m t s tng tc gia cc thnh phn ca hCSDL, c th trnh by bng 2 cch,cch 1: bng cc vng trn ng tm nh cu 2 phnbi tp ra, cch 2: bng s nhn qu (mi tn, tn cc thnh phn). Ch cc cchtrnh by v theo yu cu ca GV.

Suy ngh v vai tr ca phn mm ng dng trong mi tng tc gia cc thnh phn cah CSDL4. Rt kinh nghim:

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CSDL H QTCSDLTing Anh l g?

L g?

Chn cu tr li m tmi quan h gia cc thnh

phnTr li:

a)1-3-2, b)1-2-3, c)2-1-3d) 3-1-2

B thnh phn s 1, v s m t quan h gia 2

thnh phn cn li.

V s tng tc giaCSDL v h QTCSDL c cp n vai tr phn mmng dngtrong mi quan

h

V s tng tc giaCSDL v h QTCSDL c cp n vai tr con ngi,

phn mm ng dngtrongmi quan h

Cha trong(1) C

SDL(

HQTCSDL(


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Chng 1:Khi nim v c s d liu v h qun tr c s d liuTit 3 1. Khi nim v c s d liu (tit 3/ 3 tit)

I. Mc ch yu cua) Mc ch, yu cu: Nm cc yu cu c bn i vi h CSDL.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chngtrnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son), tranh nh chp sn.

c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhII. Ni dung bi mi1. n nh t chc: Nm s tnh hnh lp: im danh2.Kim tra bi c: Kim tra 02 HS.Cu 1: V s tng tc gia CSDL v h QTCSDL nu vai tr Con ngi v phn mmng dng trong mi quan h .Cu 2: Gi s phi xy dng mt CSDL qun l mn, tr sch th vin, theo em cn

phi lu tr nhng thng tin g? Hy cho bit nhng vic phi lm p ng nhu cu qun lca ngi th th.T sai st ca HS khi tr li cu 2 GV phn tch mt s sai lm c bn ca vic to cc ctcha d liu ca bng tng ng dn dt n vic phi hnh thnh vn : Mt s yu cuc bn ca h CSDL (phn ln lin quan n CSDL).


Th no l cu trc camt CSDL?

Tnh ton vn?V d m bo tnh ton vnd liu trn ct im, saocho im nhp vo theothang im 10 , cc imca mn hc phi trng buc gi tr nhpvo: >=0 v


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Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bngsoluongv dongia, thkhng cn phi c ctthnh tin.(=soluong*dongia).Chnh v s d tha nn

khi sa i d liuthng hay sai st, vdn n s thiu tnh nhtqun trong csdl.Tnh an ton v bomt thng tin?:

V d v tnh an tonthng tin: Hc sinh cth vo mng xemim ca mnh trong

CSDL ca nh trng,nhng h thng s ngnchn nu HS c tnhmun sa im. Hoc khiin b ct t ngt, mytnh hoc phn mm bhng th h thng phikhi phc c CSDL.V d v tnh bo mt: Hthng phi ngn chnc mi truy cp bt

hp php n CSDL

nhiu chng trnh ng dng, ng thi csdlkhng ph thuc vo phng tin lu tr v hmy tnh no cng s dng c n.7. Mt s hot ng c s dng CSDL:- Hot ng qun l trng hc

-Hot ng qun l c s kinh doanh-Hot ng ngn hng....

III. Cng c, hng dn HS lm cc bi tp sau y:Cu 1 Nu cc yu cu c bn ca h CSDL, v d minh ha i vi tnh:a) Khng d tha, tnh bo mt. c) Ton vn, an ton v bo mt thng tin

b) Cu trc, chia s thng tin d) Khng d tha, c lpHc sinh ch chn ly mt trong cc tnh cht lit k theo cc mc a,b,c,d trn cho vd minh ha (khng s dng cc v d c trong bi).Cu 2:Nu vi phm n tnh khng d tha th s dn n s thiu .............................Cu 3:So khp thng tin m t hoc nh ngha ct B vi mc ng nht ct A. Ct B c mtcm t khng c dng n, v mi cm t khng c dng qu mt ln.

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A B1. Tc nhn iu khin h thng my

v h thng CSDL2. Tp hp d liu c lin quan vi

nhau theo mt ch no clu trn my tnh in t.

3. Phn mm dng to lp, lu tr vkhai thc mt CSDL.4. Phn mm my tnh gip ngi s

dng khng bit g v h QTCSDLnhng c th dng n khai thcthng tin trn CSDL

A. Phn mm ng dng

B. H qun tr CSDL

C. H iu hnh

D.CSDL

E. Con ngi

4. Dn d:1)Nh cc yu cu ca mt h CSDL, khng cn pht biu theo th t - cho v d minh hakhc vi v d c trong bi hc.2) Xem li v d v tnh khng d tha c trong bi:

- c ctsoluongv dongia, th khng cn phi c ct thnh tin. (=soluong*dongia). Hygii thch v sao?

5. Rt kinh nghim:

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Tit 4. Bi tp (tit 1/2 tit)a) Mc ch, yu cu: Hc sinh nm cc khi nim hc: CSDL, s cn thit phi cCSDL lu trn my tnh, h QTCSDL?, h CSDL?, mi tng tc gia cc thnh phn cah CSDL, cc yu cu c bn ca h CSDL qua h thng cu hi trc nghim khch quan

v t lun..b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chngtrnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son), tranh nh chp sn.c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhd) Cc bc ln lp

1. n nh t chc:2.Kim tra bi c:I) Ni dung bi:Cc cu hi trc nghim & t lun:

Cu 1:C s d liu (CSDL) l :a. Tp hp d liu c lin quan vi nhau theo mt ch no c lu trn my tnh

in t.b. Tp hp d liu c lin quan vi nhau theo mt ch no c ghi ln giy.c. Tp hp d liu cha ng cc kiu d liu: k t, s, ngy/gi, hnh nh... ca mt

ch th no .d. Tp hp d liu c lin quan vi nhau theo mt ch no c lu trn my tnh

in t p ng nhu cu khai thc thng tin ca nhiu ngi.Cu 2: Hy nu cc u im khi s dng CSDL trn my tnh in t:a. Gn, nhanh chng

b. Gn, thi s (Cp nht y , kp thi...)c. Gn, thi s, nhanh chngd. Gn, thi s, nhanh chng, nhiu ngui c th s dng chung CSDLCu 3: Hot ng no sau y c s dng CSDLa. Bn hng

b. Bn v my bayc. Qun l hc sinh trong nh trngd. Tt c u ngCu 4: H qun tr CSDL l:a. Phn mm dng to lp CSDL

b. Phn mm thao tc v x l cc i tng trong CSDLc. Phn mm dng to lp, lu tr v khai thc mt CSDLd. Phn mm dng to lp, lu tr mt CSDL

Cu 5: Cc thnh phn ca h CSDL gm:a. CSDL, h QTCSDLb. CSDL, h QTCSDL, con ngic. Con ngi, CSDL, phn mm ng dngd. Con ngi, phn mm ng dng, h QTCSDL, CSDLCu 6: Cc yu cu c bn ca h CSDL.a. Tnh cu trc, tnh ton vn

b. Tnh khng d tha, tnh nht qunc. Tnh c lp, tnh chia s d liu, tnh an ton v bo mt thng tind. Cc cu trn u ngCu 7: Hy chn cu m t s tng tc gia cc thnh phn trong mt h CSDL:

Cho bit: Con ngi1, C s d liu2, H QTCSDL3, Phn mm ng dng4a. 2134b. 1342

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c. 1324d. 1432Cu 8: S khc bit gia CSDL v h QTCSDL .a. CSDL l tp hp cha cc d liu lin quan vi nhau, cha thng tin v mt vn no , c lu trn my tnh. CSDL ny do mt h qun tr CSDL to ra. H qun trCSDL l phn mm dng to lp, bo tr : CSDL, hn th na n dng cn qun tr v khai

thc CSDL .b. CSDL l tp hp cha cc d liu lin quan vi nhau cha thng tin v mt vn no. CSDL ny do mt h qun tr CSDL to ra. H qun tr CSDL l phn mm dng to lp,

bo tr : CSDL, hn th na n dng cn qun tr v khai thc CSDL .c. CSDL l tp hp cc d liu c lin quan vi nhau, cn h qun tr CSDL ch lchng trnh qun l v khai thc CSDL .d. Tt c u saiCu 9: Nu cc im ging nhau v khc nhau gia CSDL v h QTCSDL :

CSDL H QTCSDL

Ging nhau

Khc nhau

Cu 10: (cu kh) Ti sao mi quan h gia H QTCSDL v CSDL phi l mi quan hhai chiu?II) Dn d:

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Chng 1:Khi nim v c s d liu v h qun tr c s d liuTit 5,6 2. H qun tr c s d liu ( tit 2/2 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu: HS nm c cc chc nng ca h QTCSDL, nm c thnhphn c bn ca h QTCSDL, bit c vai tr ca con ngi trong tng nhim v c th.b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chng

trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son), tranh nh chp sn .c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhd) Cc bc ln lp

1. n nh t chc: Nm s tnh hnh lp: im danh2. Kim tra bi c:Cu hi: Nu cc yu cu c bn ca h CSDL, v d minh ha i vi tnh:a) Khng d tha, tnh bo mt.

b) Cu trc, chia s thng tinc) Ton vn, an ton v bo mt thng tind) Khng d tha, c lpHc sinh ch chn ly mt trong cc tnh cht lit k theo cc mc a,b,c,d trn cho v

d.

Hot ng giovin

Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng

Thc cht l khaibo kiu d liu

Thc cht l khaibo kiu d liu,cu trc, rng bucd liu

GV: cho v d vchc nng duy tr

Ch yu GV gii thiuchc nng ca hQTCSDL, dng Pascalhoc SQL minh ha cchkhai bo, xy dng cu trcCSDL:GV:Trong Pascal khai

bo bin I,j l kiu snguyn, k l kiu s thc dng trong chng trnhem lm th no?HS:Vari,j:integer;k:real;GV:Cng trong Pascal khai bo cu trc bn ghiHc sinh c 9 trng:

hoten,ngaysinh, gioitinh,doanvientoan,ly,hoa,van,tin:.....TypeHocsinh=record;Hoten:string[30];Ngaysinh:string[10];Gioitinh:Boolean;Doanvien:Boolean;

Toan,ly,hoa,van,tin:real;End;

1. Cc chc nng ca h QTCSDL:Cc chc nng c bn ca h QTCSDL;a) Cung cp cch to lp CSDL:Thng qua ngn ng nh ngha d liu, ngidng khai bo kiu v cc cu trc d liu thhin thng tin, khai bo cc rng buc trn dliu c lu tr trong CSDL.

b) Cung cp cch cp nht d liu, tm kim vkt xut thng tin:Thng qua ngn ng thao tc d liu, ngi tathc hin c cc thao tc sau:Cp nht: Nhp, sa, xa d liuTm kim v kt xut d liuc) Cung cp cng c kim sot, iu khinvic truy cp vo CSDLThng qua ngn ng u khin d liu mbo:

- Pht hin v ngn chn s truy cp khng cphp.- Duy tr tnh nht qun ca d liu...2. Hot ng ca mt h QTCSDL:a)H QTCSDL c 02 thnh phn chnh:-B x l truy vn-B truy xut d liu

b) M t s tng tc ca h QTCSDL:Ngi dng thng qua chng trnh ng dng

chn cc cu hi (truy vn) c lp sn,Vd:Bn mun tm kim m hc sinh no- ngidng nhp gi tr mun tm kim , v d: A1

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Hot ng giovin


tnh nht qun dliu

Tm tt cc thaotc c bn trnCSDL:- Thao tc trnCu trc d liu(thng qua ngnng dn d liu),

gm...- Thao tc vi nidung d liu(thng qua ngnng thao tc dliu): cp nht,gm...-Tm kim, tra cuthng tin, kt xutd liu

Truy vn theongha thngthng: hi ro rit

buc phi ni ra. y ta hiu truyvn l mt khnng ca hQTCSDL bngcch to ra yu cuqua cc cu hinhm khai thcthng tin (tm hcsinh tn g?, tmkim cng dn cs CMND g?...)ngi lp trnh giiquyt cc tm kim bng cng cca h QTCSDL t ngi dng snhn c kt qu

l thng tin phhp vi cu hi.

GV: Trong CSDL ngi tadng ngn ng nh nghad liu khai bo kiu vcu trc d liu.

GV: Trong CSDL ngi tadng ngn ng thao tc dliu tc ng trn cc mutin (bn ghi) bao gm:Cp nht: Nhp, sa, xad liuTm kim v kt xut dliuGV: Bng ngn ng iukhin d liu cho php xclp quyn truy cp vo

CSDL.

GV dng Hnh 3:S tng tc gia ccthnh phn ca h CSDL, gip hc sinh pht trin

s tng tc gia ccthnh phn trong hQTCSDL, ch yu chi titha h qtcsdl: b x l truyvn & b truy xut d liu.(Hnh 4)S dng phn mm ngdng Access gip hcsinh bit c truy vn lg?

Vai tr ca con ngi (nichung) i vi h CSDL?

b x l truy vn ca h QTCSDL s thc hintruy vn nyb truy xut d liu s tm kimd liu theo yu cu truy vn da trn CSDLang dng

c. S chi tit m t s tng tc ca hQTCSDL:

Con ngi

Phn mm ng dng/Truy vn

CSDL

CSDL

Hnh 4: S tng tc gia cc thnh phntrong h QTCSDL

3. Vai tr ca con ngi khi lm vic vi cc

h CSDL:a) Ngi qun tr CSDL: l mt ngi hay mtnhm ngi c trao quyn iu hnh hCSDL : - Thit k v ci t CSDL, hQTCSDL, v cc phn mm c lin quan.

- Cp pht cc quyn truy cp CSDL- Duy tr cc hot ng h thng

nhm tha mn cc yu cu ca cc ng dng vca ngi dng.

b) Ngi lp trnh ng dng: Ngui s dngc am hiu v mt h QTCSDL no , dng

ngn ng ca h QTCSDL ny to mt giaodin thn thin qua chng trnh ng dng d sdng thc hin mt s thao tc trn CSDL ty

Trang 12

H QTCSDL:

B x l truy vn

B truy xut dliu

CSDL

Tit


13/95


Hot ng giovin


theo nhu cu.c) Ngi dng : (cn gi ngi dng u cui)L ngi c th khng am hiu g v hQTCSDL nhng s dng giao din thn thin do

chng trnh ng dng to ra nhp d liu vkhai thc CSDL.

3. Cng c:Truy vn l g? Cn gi l truy hi :dng cc cu hi t ra phn mm ng dng da voyu cu khai thc thng tin yu cu h QTCSDL tip nhn truy vn v truy xut d liumt cch t ng. t 3 cu truy vn khai thc thng tin v HS?Kt xut l g? Qu trnhto ra kt qu : thng tin mun tm kim.

A) Cu hi trc nghim v nh :Cu 1: Chc nng ca h QTCSDL

a. Cung cp cch to lp CSDLb. Cung cp cch cp nht d liu, tm kim v kt xut thng tinc. Cung cp cng c kim sot iu khin vic truy cp vo CSDLd. Cc cu trn u ngCu 2:Thnh phn chnh ca h QTCSDL:a. B qun l tp tin v b x l truy vn

b. B truy xut d liu v b b qun l tp tinc. B qun l tp tin v b truy xut d liud. B x l truy vn v b truy xut d liuCu 3:Ngn ng nh ngha d liu bao gm cc lnh cho phpa. Khai bo kiu d liu, cu trc d liu, cc rng buc trn d liu ca CSDL

b. m bo tnh c lp d liuc. Khai bo kiu, cu trc, cc rng buc trn d liu ca CSDLd. Ngn chn s truy cp bt hp phpCu 4: thc hin thao tc cp nht d liu, ta s dng :a. Ngn ng nh ngha d liu

b. Ngn ng thao tc d liuCu 5: Ngn ng thao tc d liu bao gm cc lnh cho phpa. Khai bo kiu, cu trc, cc rng buc trn d liu ca CSDL

b. Nhp, sa xa d liuc. Cp nht, d liud. Cu b v cCu 6: Hy cho bit cc loi thao tc trn CSDLa. Thao tc trn cu trc d liu

b. Thao tc trn ni dung d liuc. Thao tc tm kim, tra cu thng tin, kt xut bo cod. C ba cu trnCu 7:Trong mt cng ty c h thng mng ni b s dng chung CSDL, nu em cgiao quyn t chc nhn s, em c quyt nh phn cng mt nhn vin m trch c 03 vaitr:l ngi QTCSDL, va l ngui lp trnh ng dng, va l ngi dng khng?a. Khng c

b. Khng th

c. cd. Khng nn

Trang 13


14/95


Cu 8: Ngi no c vai tr quan trng trong vn phn quyn hn truy cp s dng CSDLtrn mng my tnh.a. Ngi dng cui

b. Ngi lp trnhc. Ngui qun tr CSDLd. C ba ngi trn

Cu 9: Ngi no c vai tr trc tip trong vn s dng phn mm ng dng phc v nhucu khai thc thng tin.a. Ngi lp trnh

b. Ngi dng cuic. Ngi QTCSDLd. C ba ngi trn.Cu 10: Ngi no to ra cc phn mm ng dng p ng nhu cu khai thc thng tin tCSDLa. Ngi lp trnh ng dng

b. Ngi dng cuic. Ngi QTCSDL

d. C ba ngi trnB) Cu hi t lun:Cu 1: Em hiu th no v thao tc cp nht .Cu 2: Hy phn nhm cc thao tc trn CSDL, ni r chi tit cc thao tc l g?Cu 3: V sao h QTCSDL cn phi c kh nng pht hin v ngn chn s truy cp khngc php.? Hy nu v d minh ha cho gii thchCu 4:Vai tr ca con ngi trong mi tng tc gia cc thnh phn CSDL. Em mun givai tr g khi lm vic vi cc h CSDL? V saoCu 5: Trong cc chc nng ca h QTCSDL chc nng no l quan trng nht, v sao?Cu 6:Da vo S chi tit m t s tng tc ca h QTCSDL em hy m t s lc vhot ng ca mt h QTCSDL..

4) Dn d: Tit sau kim tra 15 pht5) Rt kinh nghim:

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15/95



Tit 7. n tp (tit 2/2 tit)a) Mc ch, yu cu: Hc sinh nm cc khi nim hc: CSDL, s cn thit phi cCSDL lu trn my tnh, H QTCSDL, h CSDL, mi tng tc gia cc thnh phn ca

h CSDL, cc yu cu c bn ca h CSDL, cc chc nng ca h QTCSDL.Trc nghim 15 pht: Qua bi tp trc nghim gip GV nm c s tip thu ca HS, rsot li qu trnh ging dy, rt kinh nghim ging dy cho chng 2, t kt qu trcnghim, bng cng tc thng k

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chngtrnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son), tranh nh . Copy tp trc nghim ln myc) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snh, trc nghim khchquan.d) Cc bc ln lp

1. n nh t chc:2. Ni dung:(20 tit u hng dn hc sinh n tp qua 17 cu trc nghim sau y)

I) Ni dung bi:A) Cc cu hi trc nghim (gip hs suy ngh tm cu tr li) , ty theo trng hp

GV chn mt s cu trc nghim kim tra kin thc hc sinh:Cu 1: Chc nng ca h QTCSDLa. Cung cp cch to lp CSDL

b. Cung cp cch cp nht d liu, tm kim v kt xut thng tinc. Cung cp cng c kim sot iu khin vic truy cp vo CSDLd. Cc cu trn u ngCu 2:Thnh phn chnh ca h QTCSDL:a. B qun l tp tin v b x l truy vn

b. B truy xut d liu v b b qun l tp tinc. B qun l tp tin v b truy xut d liud. B x l truy vn v b truy xut d liuCu 3:Ngn ng nh ngha d liu bao gm cc lnh cho phpa. Nhp, sa, xa d liu

b. Khai bo cu trc v kiu d liuc. Khai bo cu trcd. Khai bo kiu, cu trc d liu v cc rng buc trn cc d liuCu 4:Ngn ng thao tc d liu l mt ngn ng khng cho phpa. Tm kim d liu

b. Kt xut d liu

c. Cp nht d liud. Pht hin v ngn chn s truy cp khng c phpCu 5:Ngn ng nh ngha d liu bao gm cc lnh cho phpa. M t cc i tng c lu tr trong CSDL

b. m bo tnh c lp d liuc. Khai bo kiu, cu trc, cc rng buc trn d liu ca CSDLd. Phc hi d liu t cc li h thngCu 6: thc hin cc thao tc trn d liu, ta s dng :a. Ngn ng nh ngha d liu

b. Ngn ng thao tc d liuCu 7: Ngn ng thao tc d liu bao gm cc lnh cho php

a. Khai bo kiu, cu trc, cc rng buc trn d liu ca CSDL b. Nhp, sa xa d liuc. Cp nht, d liu

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16/95


d. Cu b v cCu 8: Hy cho bit cc loi thao tc trn CSDLa. Thao tc trn cu trc d liu

b. Thao tc trn ni dung d liuc. Thao tc tm kim, tra cu thng tin, kt xut bo cod. C ba cu trn

Cu 9:Trong mt cng ty c h thng mng ni b s dng chung CSDL, nu em cgiao quyn t chc nhn s, em c quyt nh phn cng mt nhn vin m trch c 03 vaitr:l ngi QTCSDL, va l ngui lp trnh ng dng, va l ngi dng khng?a. Khng c

b. Khng thc. cd. Khng nnCu 10: Ngi no c vai tr quan trng trong vn phn quyn hn truy cp s dngCSDL trn mng my tnh.a. Ngi dng cui

b. Ngi lp trnh

c. Ngui qun tr CSDLd. C ba ngi trnCu 11: Ngi no c vai tr quan trng trong vn s dng phn mm ng dng phc vnhu cu khai thc thng tina. Ngi lp trnh

b. Ngi dng cuic. Ngi QTCSDLd. C ba ngi trn.Cu 12: Ngi no to ra cc phn mm ng dng p ng nhu cu khai thc thng tin tCSDLa. Ngi lp trnh ng dng c. Ngi QTCSDL

b. Ngi dng cui d. C ba ngi trnCu 13: im khc bit gia CSDL v h QTCSDLa. CSDL cha h QTCSDLb. CSDL l phn mm my tnh, cn h QTCSDL l d liu my tnhc. H QTCSDL l phn mm my tnh, CSDL l d liu my tnhd. Cc cu trn u saiCu 14: CSDL v h QTCSDL ging nhau ima. u lu ln b nh trong ca my tnh

b. u l phn mm my tnhc. u l phn cng my tnhd. u lu ln b nh ngoi ca my tnhCu 15: Cho bit phng tin m bo vic chia s CSDL c th thc hin ca. My tnh

b. H QTCSDLc. CSDLd. My tnh v phng tin kt ni mng my tnhB) Cc cu hi t lun:Cu 1: C s d liu l g?Cu 2: Phn bit CSDL trn giy v CSDL lu trn my tnh, nu cc u im khi s dngCSDL lu trn my tnh.Cu 3: H QTCSDL? K tn mt vi h QTCSDL m em c nghe n

Cu 4: H CSDL l g?Cu 5: Nu cc im ging nhau v khc nhau ca CSDL v h QTCSDL :CSDL H QTCSDL

Trang 16


17/95


Ging nhau

Khc nhau

Cu 6: Vai tr ca phn mm ng dng trong mi tng tc gia cc thnh phn h CSDL.Cu 7: Ti sao phn mm ng dng khng c cp n nh l thnh phn ca h CSDL.

Cu 8: V s tng tc chi tit gia cc thnh phn ca h CSDLCu 9: Vai tr ca con ngi trong mi tng tc gia cc thnh phn CSDL. Em mun givai tr g khi lm vic vi cc h CSDL? V saoCu 10: Cc yu cu c bn ca h CSDL. Em hy chn mt trong cc yu cu cho v dminh haCu 11: Nu mt s hot ng c s dng CSDL m em bitCu 12: Hy phn nhm cc thao tc trn CSDL, ni r chi tit cc thao tc l g?C) Kim tra trc nghim 15 pht trn my: gm 15 cu

. Trc nghim chng 1 trn myCu 1:C s d liu (CSDL) l :

a. Tp hp d liu c lin quan vi nhau theo mt ch no c lu trn my tnhin t p ng nhu cu khai thc thng tin ca nhiu ngi.b. Tp hp d liu c lin quan vi nhau theo mt ch no c ghi ln giy.c. Tp hp d liu cha ng cc kiu d liu: k t, s, ngy/gi, hnh nh... ca mt

ch th no .d. Tp hp d liu c lin quan vi nhau theo mt ch no c lu trn giy

p ng nhu cu khai thc thng tin ca nhiu ngi.Cu 2: Hy nu cc u im khi s dng CSDL trn my tnh in t:a. Gn, nhanh chng

b. Gn, thi s (Cp nht y , kp thi...)c. Gn, thi s, nhanh chng

d. Gn, thi s, nhanh chng, nhiu ngui c th s dng chung CSDLCu 3: Hot ng no sau y c s dng CSDLa. Bn hng

b. Bn v my bayc. Qun l hc sinh trong nh trngd. Tt c u ngCu 4: H qun tr CSDL l:a. Phn mm dng to lp CSDL

b. Phn mm thao tc v x l cc i tng trong CSDLc. Phn mm dng to lp, lu tr v khai thc mt CSDLd. Phn mm dng to lp, lu tr mt CSDL

Cu 5: Cc thnh phn ca h CSDL gm:a. CSDL, h QTCSDLb. CSDL, h QTCSDL, con ngic. Con ngi, CSDL, phn mm ng dngd. Con ngi, phn mm ng dng, h QTCSDL, CSDLCu 6: Cc yu cu c bn ca h CSDL.a. Tnh cu trc, tnh ton vn

b. Tnh khng d tha, tnh nht qunc. Tnh c lp, tnh chia s d liu, tnh an ton v bo mt thng tind. Cc cu trn u ng

Cu 7: Hy chn cu m t s tng tc gia cc thnh phn trong mt h CSDL:Cho bit: Con ngi1, C s d liu2, H QTCSDL3, Phn mm ng dng4

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18/95


a. 2134b. 1342c. 1324d. 1432Cu 8: Phn bit CSDL v h QTCSDL .a. CSDL l tp hp cha cc d liu lin quan vi nhau cha thng tin v mt vn

no , c lu trn my tnh. CSDL ny do mt h qun tr CSDL to ra. H qun trCSDL l phn mm dng to lp : CSDL, hn th na n dng cn qun tr v khai thcCSDL .

b. CSDL l tp hp cha cc d liu lin quan vi nhau cha thng tin v mt vn no . CSDL ny do mt h qun tr CSDL to ra. H qun tr CSDL l phn mm dngto lp : CSDL, hn th na n dng cn qun tr v khai thc CSDL .c. CSDL l tp hp cc d liu c lin quan vi nhau, cn h qun tr CSDL ch lchng trnh qun l v khai thc CSDL .d. Tt c u saiCu 9: Chc nng ca h QTCSDLa. Cung cp cch to lp CSDLv cng c kim sat, iu khin vic truy cp vo

CSDL.b. Cung cp cch cp nht d liu, tm kim v kt xut thng tinc. Cung cp cch khai bo d liud. cu a v bCu 10: Thnh phn chnh ca h QTCSDL:a. B qun l tp tin v b x l truy vn

b. B truy xut d liu v b b qun l tp tinc. B qun l tp tin v b truy xut d liud. B x l truy vn v b truy xut d liuCu 11:Ngn ng nh ngha d liu bao gm cc lnh cho phpa. M t cc i tng c lu tr trong CSDL

b. m bo tnh c lp d liuc. Khai bo kiu, cu trc, cc rng buc trn d liu ca CSDLd. Khai bo kiu d liu ca CSDLCu 12:

Ngn ng thao tc d liu l mt ngn ng khng cho phpa. Hi p CSDL

b. Truy vn CSDLc. Thao tc trn cc i tng ca CSDLd. nh ngha cc i tng c lu tr trong CSDLCu 13:Ngn ng iu khin d liu bao gm cc lnh cho php

a. M t cc i tng c lu tr trong CSDLb. m bo tnh c lp d liuc. Pht hin v ngn chn s truy cp khng c phpd. Phc hi d liu t cc li h thngCu 14: thc hin cc thao tc trn d liu, ta s dng :a. Ngn ng nh ngha d liub. Ngn ng thao tc d liuCu 15: Ngn ng thao tc d liu bao gm cc lnh cho phpa. Khai bo kiu, cu trc, cc rng buc trn d liu ca CSDL

b. Nhp, sa xa d liuc. Cp nht d liu

d. Cu b v cCu 16: Hy cho bit cc loi thao tc trn CSDLa. Thao tc trn cu trc d liu

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19/95


b. Thao tc trn ni dung d liuc. Thao tc tm kim, tra cu thng tin, kt xut bo cod. C ba cu trnCu 17:Trong mt cng ty c h thng mng ni b s dng chung CSDL, nu emc giao quyn t chc nhn s, em c quyt nh phn cng mt nhn vin m trch c03 vai tr:l ngi QTCSDL, va l ngui lp trnh ng dng, va l ngi dng khng?

a. Khng cb. Khng thc. cd. Khng nnCu 18: Ngi no c vai tr quan trng trong vn phn quyn hn truy cp s dngCSDL trn mng my tnh.a. Ngi dng cui

b. Ngi lp trnhc. Ngui qun tr CSDLd. C ba ngi trnCu 19: Ngi no c vai tr quan trng trong vn s dng phn mm ng dng phc

v nhu cu khai thc thng tina. Ngi lp trnhb. Ngi dng cuic. Ngi QTCSDLd. C ba ngi trn.Cu 20: Ngi no to ra cc phn mm ng dng p ng nhu cu khai thc thng tint CSDLa. Ngi lp trnh ng dng

b. Ngi dng cuic. Ngi QTCSDLd. C ba ngi trn

3. Dn d:4. Rt kinh nghim:

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20/95


Chng 2:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 8 1 Gii thiu Microsoft Access (tit 1/ 1 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:

V kin thc: Hiu cc chc nng chnh ca Ms Access:to lp bng, thit lp mi quanh gia cc bng, cp nht, kt xut thng tinBit 4 i tng chnh ca Access:Bng, mu hi, biu mu, bo coBit 2 ch lm vic: ch thit k (lm vic vi cu trc) v ch lm vicvi d liu.

V k nng: Khi ng, ra khi Ms Access, to mi CSDL, m CSDL cb) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chng trnh

minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin sonc) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhd) Cc bc ln lp

1) n nh t chc: im danh

2) Kim tra bi c: Nhn xt bi kim tra trc nghim tit 73) Ni dung:


T cc cng c caAccess, em hy cho

bit ccChc nng chnh caAccess l g?

To bng, lu trd liu, tnh tan

v khai thc d liu

Em bit g v phn mmMs Windows ?Em bit g v phn mmMs Word? Ms Excel?Microsoft Access ?Access c ngha l truycp, truy xutGV: Dng phn mmng dng Qun l hcsinh (hoc b nh c saochp cc kt qu v tcdng ca cc thnh phntrong Access) minhha da trn tng ccv d sau:V d 1: bng minhha CSDL u tin, trong

bng khng th to ct

tui (l ct c tnh tct ngy sinh) bng cngthcV d 2: T bng c,query s thc hin victnh tan to thm ctmi l Tui.V d 3: Dng biu munhp d liu v iukhin thc hin ngdng: my tnh b ti

V d 4: Dng report tng hp d liu theo yucu:

1 Gii thiu Microsoft Access1. Cc i tng trong Microsoft Access :Microsoft Access gi tt l Access, l hQTCSDL do hng Microsoft sn xut.Access gip ngi lp trnh to CSDL, nhpd liu v khai thc thng tin t CSDL bngcc cng c chnh nh sau:a)Bng (Table) :thnh phn c s nhm lu d liu. Trn Table khng thc hin ccthao tc tnh tan c.b)Mu hi (Query) : l cng c m hotng ca n l khai thc thng tin t cc table c, thc hin cc tnh tan m table khnglm c.c)Biu mu (form) : gip nhp hoc hin ththng tin mt cch thun tin hoc iukhin thc hin mt ng dng.d)Bo co (Report) l cng c hin th

thng tin, trn report c th s dng cc cngthc tnh tan, tng hp d liu, t chc in n.

2. Ch lm vic vi cc thnh phn trongAccess:- Ch thit k: (Design View) dng to micc thnh phn nh:Table, query, form,report

theo ca ngi lp trnh.- Ch trang d liu: (Datasheet view) chophp hin th d liu di dng bng, ngi

Trang 20


21/95


- Cn gi l ch lmvic vi cu trc.

Cn gi l ch lm

vic vi d liu.

dng c th thc hin cc thao tc nh xem,xa, hiu chnh, thm d liu mi.- Ch biu mu: (Form View) Ch nyxem d liu di dng biu mu.3. Cch to cc thnh phn trong Access:C s dng mt trong cc cch sau to

thnh phn ca Access:- Dng phng php hng dn tng bcca Access (Wizard)- Dng phng php t thit k (Design View)- Kt hp hai phng php trn (Wizard ri

Design li).4.Khi ng Access:Cch1: Kch vo Start/Programs/MicrosoftOffice/Microsoft Access.Cch 2: Kch vo biu tng ca Access trnthanh Shortcut Bar , hoc kch p vo biu

tng Access tren Desktop.5.Ca s lm vic ca Access:Xem H5.

H5. Ca s lm vic ca Access

Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bnga. To tp tin mi trong Access:Bc 1:Trong ca s H5, kch vo:File/New xut hin ca s H6.

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22/95


H6


Nhp vo tn tp (ti a255 k t), phn ui doAccess t gn .MDB (Manegement DataBase)

Bc 2: Kch vo Blank database(CSDL trng), xut hin H7, chn thmc mun lu tp, nhp tn tp, kchvo nt lnh Create. Xut hin H8

H7

Trang 22

Chn th mcmun lu tp

Nhp tn tp, ch nhp phn tn,phn ui do Access t gn .MDB( Manegement DataBase)


23/95


H8

Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bngb. M CSDL c trn a:Cch 1: n th mc cha tp cn m, kch pvo tn tp mun m.Cch 2: Trong ca s CSDL, kch voFile/Open/kch vo tn CSDL mun m, v d mtp : QUANLYHOCSINH, xem H9

H9

Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng6. Kt thc lm vic vi Access:

Trang 23

Cc i tng chnh ca CSDL,mun lm vic vi i tng no chcn kch vo tn ca i tng .

Ca s CSDL

Kch chn Tables

lm vic vi bng.


24/95


Trong ca s CSDLCch 1: Kch vo File/Exit.Cch 2: Kch vo nt Close (X) nm gc

phi pha trn ca s (trn thanh Title Bar).4. Cng c - Dn d: Access l g? Cc chc nng chnh ca Access? Nm cc i tng caAccess, Cch khi ng v thot khi Access?

n:Access l h QTCSDL do hng Microsoft sn xutCc chc nng chnh ca Access:- To bng, lu tr d liu v khai thc d liu

5. Cu hi v nh :A) Cu hi trc nghim dng cng c bi .

Cu 1: Access l g?a. L phn cng

b. L phn mm ng dngc. L h QTCSDL do hng Microsoft sn xut

d. L phn mm cng cCu 2: Cc chc nng chnh ca Accessa. Lp bng

b. Lu tr d liuc. Tnh ton v khai thc d liud. Ba cu trn u ngCu 3: Tp tin trong Access c gi la. Tp tin c s d liu

b. Tp tin d liuc. Bngd. Tp tin truy cp d liu

Cu 4: Phn ui ca tn tp tin trong Access la. DOC

b. TEXTc . XLSd. MDBCu 5: Tp tin trong Access cha nhng g:a. Cha cc bng, ni cha d liu ca i tng cn qun l

b. Cha cc cng c chnh ca Access nh: table, query, form, report...c. Cha h phn mm khai thc d liud. Cu a v bCu 6: to mt tp tin c s d liu (CSDL) mi v t tn tp trong Access, ta phi;a. Vo File chn New

b. Kch vo biu tng Newc. Khi ng Access, vo File chn New hoc kch vo biu tng Newd. Khi ng Access, vo File chn New hoc kch vo biu tng New, kch tip vo BlankDataBase t tn file v chn Create.Cu 7: Tn file trong Access t theo qui tc noa. Phn tn khng qu 8 k t, phn ui khng cn g, Access t gn .MDB

b. Phn tn khng qu 64 k t, phn ui khng cn g, Access t gn .MDBc. Phn tn khng qu 255 k t k c du trng, phn ui khng cn g, Access t gn.MDB.

d. Phn tn khng qu 256 k t k c du trng, phn ui khng cn g, Access t gn.MDB.Cu 8: MDB vit tt bi

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25/95


a. Manegement DataBaseb. Microsoft DataBasec. Microsoft Access DataBased. Khng c cu no ngCu 9: Tn ca tp tin trong Access bt buc phi t trc hay sau khi to CSDL:a. t tn tp sau khi to CSDL

b. Bt buc vo l t tn tp ngay ri mi to CSDL sauCu 10:Thot khi Access bng cch:a. Vo File /Exit

b. Trong ca s CSDL, vo File/Exitc. Trong ca s CSDL, kch vo nt close (X) nm trn thanh tiu ca s Accessd. Cu b v cB) Cu hi t lun:Cu 1: Access l g? Hy k cc chc nng chnh ca Access.Cu 2: Lit k cc i tng chnh trong AccessCu 3: C nhng ch no lm vic vi cc i tng trong AccessCu 4: C nhng cch no to i tng trong Access

Cu 5: Nu cc thao tc khi ng v kt thc Access6. Dn d:7. Rt kinh nghim:

Trang 25


26/95


Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 9 2 Cu trc bng - (1 tit/4 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:o V kin thc: Bit cc thnh phn to nn Table, cc kiu d liu trong Access, khi

nim v kha chnh , s cn thit ca vic t kha chnh cho Table.V k nng: Bit cch chn la kiu d liu cho trng ca Tableb) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chng trnh

minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son)c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhd) Cc bc ln lp

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c: Chn 5 cu hi trc nghim ra tit 8/mi hc sinh3. Ni dung:


Quy tc t tn ct:Tn ct


27/95


Kiu d liu l g? (c hc Pascal) lkiu gi tr ca d liulu trong mt trng.

2. Mt s kiu d liu trong Access:H6

Kiu d liu M t Minh haText

D liu ch - s THPT Hai B Trng,Lp 12A, 054.849397 (s in thoi)

NumberD liu kiu s 123, -1237

1.23....Date/Time D liu ngy/thi gian 12/2/06, 1:23:45 PM...Currency D liu kiu tin t $ 1234, 100234 VN...

AutoNumber

D liu kiu s m, to s nguyntheo th t

1234

....

Yes/No

D liu kiu Boolean (hay Lgic), lu gi cc gi tr Yes hoc No,

True /False, On/off

Loi d liu ny v cng hu ch khi cnnh du gii tnh: Nam hoc N, hoc vo on hay cha ...(d liu ch c

hai gi tr chn la)H6.

Kiu d liu M t Minh haV d 1: Ga s mt tablecha Trng S CMND , i

vi trng ny nn chnkha chnh cho n, vnguyn tc s CMND khngc trng nhau. Trnh tnhtrng ngi nhp d liunhp nhng gi tr trngnhau.

Cch chn kha chnh chotrng s trnh by mc 3.

Thit k bng

3. t kha chnh cho trng (ct)ca Table:

a) Tnh cht kha chnh (Primarykey) ca trng ? Khi to khachnh cho mt hoc nhiu trngno th d liu khi nhp votrng ny khng c cha ccgi tr ging nhau.V d 1.b) Trong mt Table c cn thitphi to kha chnh cho t nhtmt trng khng? CSDL c hiu qu, trong Tablenn chn t nht mt trng c

kha chnh4. Dn d:5. Bi tp v nh:Cu hi trc nghimCu 1: Thnh phn c s ca Access l ga. Table

b. Recordc. Fieldd. Field nameCu 2: Bn ghi ca Table cha nhng ga. Cha tn ct

b. Cha tn trngc. Cha cc gi tr ca ctd. Tt c u sai

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28/95


Cu 3: Tn ct (tn trng) hn ch trong bao nhiu k ta.


29/95


a) Mc ch, yu cu:V kin thc: Nm qui trnh thit k bng, bit nhn din trng no c th t kha chnh,nu khng c trng t kha chnh chp nhn Access to trng kha chnh ID. Nm mtvi tnh cht ca trng (Field Properties): Field size, format, Caption, RequireV k nng: Thit k bng n gin, phc tp vi mt s tnh cht trng nu trn, bitcch khai bo kha chnh, lu bng tnh.

Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chng trnh minhha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin sonb) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhc) Cc bc ln lp

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c: Chn 5 cu hi trc nghim ra tit 9/mi hc sinh.

3. Ni dung:

Hot ng giovin


GV: Trong cctrng caDSHS nn chntrng no ltrng kha

chnh?( n: MAHS,v mi HS cmt m HS duynht)

V d 2: Hy thit k table DSHS gmcc trng sau: MAHS, HODEM,TEN,GIOITINH,NGAYSINH,DIACHI,TO.Trong :

MAHS: kiu d liu k t (Text),chn kha chnh.HODEM: TextTEN: TexT

GIOITINH: kiu Yes/NoNGAYSINH: Kiu date/TimeDIACHI: TextTO:Text

Tt c cc trng yu cu ghi chthch m tcho r v trng.

. 3. Thit k bng:a) Thit k bng vi yu cu ngin:Vd 2: ( bn)Trong ca s CSDL, kch vo itng Tables.B1: Kch vo lnh Create Table InDesign View (H7).B2: Xut hin ca s (H8)B3: T ca s (H8), nhp cc tntrng chn. kiu d liu, ghi ch

thch, nh di y.B4: Chn trng kha chnh: TrngMAHS l trng kha chnh (v miHS c xc nh bi mt m hs duynht), trong ca s thit k Table (H9),chn trng MAHS, kch vo biu

tng trn thanh cng c, xuthin biu tng cha kha nm bn trica trng.

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30/95


H7

H8

Trang 30

2- Kch vo y thit k Table

1- Chn itng Tables

2. Kch vo biu tng cha

1.Chntrngmunt

khachnh

1.Nhp tntrng voc t

4.Tnh cht

2.Chnkiu d

3.Ch thch

H9. Kt u


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Trang 31

V d 3: Yu cu nh v d 2, nhng c yu cu thitk thm cc tnh cht ca trng nh sau:

DSHS(MAHS,HODEM,TEN,GIOITINH,NGAYSINH,DIACHI,TO)

Field NameDataType

Field PropertiesFieldSize

Format Caption Require

MAHS Text 10 > M hcsinh

HODEM Text 20 H mTEN Text 10 TnGIOITINH YES/NO YES/NO Gii tnh

NGAYSINH DATE/TIME

Shortdate

NgySinh

DIACHI Text 25 a chTO Text 1 T Yes

Nu yu cu, trng MAHS ch cha 10 k t Hc sinh: phi chn tnh cht Field Size=10, munnhp k t vo trng MAHS th k t phi t ng

bin thnh ch hoat Format:>NuTrng GIOITINH kiu Yes/No

Ngaysinh: chn dng thc ngy ngn (Short date)Trng TO (t) bt buc phi nhp vo Require:chn Yes

b) Thit k bng vi yu cu phctp:Thit k c thm yu cu v tnh cht

trng (Field Properties) dng iukhin cch thc d liu c lu tr,nhp hoc hin th.Mt s tnh cht ca trng hay dng:Field Size: Nhp t 0 n 255 nu lkiu Text, nu kiu d liu l Numberth chn byte lu cc gi tr t 0 n255, chn Integer hay long Integer nulu s nguyn, chn Single hay Doublenu mun lu s c s l.Format: Nu l kiu Text ghi du >

d liu nhp vo trng ny bin thnhch hoa. Nu l kiu s Numberchn dtri, ng

Decimal place: qui nh s ct cha slCaption: V tn field khng c duting Vit, tnh cht ny cho php nhpvo y tiu cho mi ct bng tingVit c du v y ngha hn.Required: chn Yes ng bt buc

phi nhp d liu cho bng, ngc li

chn NoV du 3: ( bn)Cch lm: Trong ca s thit k Table,ln lt chn trng mun thit lp tnhcht. Ln lt ng nhp cc tnh chtnh yu cu, xem (H10).

Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng1 2 3

4

5

6 C k hiu tin t, c du phncch nhm

S ly 02 s l thp phnC du phn cch hng nhmDng s phn trmDng s khoa hc


32/95


H10Ch thch:

1- Tn trng (Field Name) bt buc phi nhp vo2- Kiu d liu (Data Type) bt buc phi chn

3- Ch thch (Description) ty chn4- Kch c trng (field Size) ty chn5- nh dng (Format), ty chn6- Caption : Nhp tn cho ct c du ting Vit, khng bt buc

Trang 32

Hot nggio vin


GV: Minh ha bngng dngQUANLYHOCSINH.MDBKhi thit k bngBANG_DIEM

ID: Identification (snhn dng)

4. Lu bng sau khi thit k xong:B1: Trong ca s thit k, kch vo nt close ca ca sny (x), xut hin (H11) chn Yes ng lu, nhp votn Table (qui tc t tn bng ging nh qui tc t tntrng) chn OK. (H12)B2: Nu trong bng khng c trng no c to khachnh, Access xut hin thng bo (H13)

Nhm lu , bng cha c kha chnh, bn c mun tokha chnh khng? Nn ng bng cch chn Yes,Access s to mi trng c tn ID c kiu d/liuAutoNumber cha cc gi tr s khng trng nhau.

Field Properties(Tnh chttrng)

Chn Yes

ng lu


33/95


H11

H12

H13

4. Cu hi v nh :A) Bi tp v nh chun b tit thc hnh :Cu 1: Thc hnh lnh mi trng trong Ms Windowsa) Vo lnh mi trng xc lp dng thc v s: dng Vit Nam (du phn cch thp phn ldu , (du phy), du phn nhm l du . (du chm), du phn cch i s trong cng thc l;(chm phy)

b) Xc lp n v tin t : VN, t sau s v cch s mt du cch.c) Xc lp ngy dng Vit Nam : dd/MM/yyyyCui cng lu gi cc dng thc trn.Hdn: GV hng dn Hc sinh ngay trn my con phng a chc nng bng chc nngqung b nhanh. Hc sinh lm li nhiu ln cho quen.Cu 2:a) To th mc mi c tn l tn ca lp ti My Document v d :My Document\LOP12A

b) To tp CSDL mi c tn File: QUANLYHOCSINH.MDB, lu ti th mc va to.c) Thit k table c tn: DSHS

DSHS(MAHS,HODEM,TEN,GIOITINH,NGAYSINH,DIACHI,TO)

Field Name Data TypeField Properties

FieldSize


MAHS Text 10 > M hc sinh

HO_DEM Text 20 H mTEN Text 10 TnGIOI_TINH YES/NO YES/NO Gii tnh

NGAY_SINHDATE/TIME

Short date Ngy Sinh

DIA_CHI Text 25 a chTO Text 1 T yes

d) Thit k Table : MON_HOC (MA_MON_HOC , TEN_MON_HOC)

Field Name Data Type

Field Properties

FieldSize


MA_MON_HOC Text 2 M mn hcTEN_MON_HOC Text 20 Tn mn hc

Trang 33

NhptnTablemi vo

Chn Yes Access t totrng kha chnh c tn ID


34/95


e) Thit k Table c tn:BANG_DIEM(MAHS, MA_MON_HOC, NGAYKIEMTRA, DIEM_SO)

Field Name Data TypeField Properties

FieldSize

Format Caption Decimal Place

MAHS Text 10 > M hc sinhMA_MON_HOC Text 20 M mn hc

NGAY_KIEM_TRA DATE/TIME Short date Ngy kimtraDIEM_SO Number Single Fixed im s 1

. Vi ngha mi Hc sinh c th thi nhiu mn hc.Hng dn: Vi ngha mi Hc sinh c th thi nhiu mn hc nn MA_MON_HOC khngto kha chnh, do bng ny c th cha cc bn ghi ging nhau!! V th ta nn ng Access to trung mi ID lm kha chnh phn bit cc bn ghi vi nhau.5) Dn d:

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35/95


Bi Thc Hnh S 01- Chng IITit 11 (1 tit/2 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:V kin thc: Nm qui trnh thit k bng, bit nhn din trng no c th t kha chnh,nu khng c trng t kha chnh chp nhn Access to trng kha chnh ID. Nm mt

vi tnh cht ca trng (Field Properties): Field size, format, Caption, RequireV k nng: Thit k bng n gin, phc tp vi mt s tnh cht trng nu trn, bitcch khai bo kha chnh, lu bng tnh.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chng trnhminh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son)

b) S dng phng d n thc tp s phm, trn h thng my ni mng iu khin bng Boxtrung tm.c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhd) Cc bc ln lp

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c: .

3. Ni dung:Lm cc bi tp ra tit 10, ring cu 1 GV hng dn tht k vy l kin thc mi. Phn hs lm 03 nhm : Nhm 1, nhm 2, nhm 3

Cu 1 (GV hng dn trc, ln lt a thm cc yu cu v dng thc tin t, s theo dngAnh..) Hc sinh lm vi ln cho thnh tho cu 2 : Hng dn chung bng Projector, sau Hc sinh lm nh sau:Cu a,b mt hoc 2 hs cho c lp xemCu c mt hoc 2 hs lm cho c lp xemCu d mt hoc 2 hs lm cho c lp xemCu e mt hoc 2 hs lm cho c lp xem

GV nhn xt, gii p thc mc ca Hc sinh, a ra cc nhn xt cui cngGV cha cho hc sinh nhp d liu cc bng.

4. Dn d: 5. Rt kinh nghim:

Trang 35

S dng phng Hi Class dngchc nng hs mu, hoc phnnhm hs thc hnh trn my


36/95


Chng 2:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 12 2 Cu trc bng - (Tit 3 /4 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:

V kin thc:, V k nng: Nm c cc thao tc trn cc trng trong ca sthit k Table

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chng trnhminh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin sonPhng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhc) Cc bc ln lp1) n nh t chc: im danh2) Kim tra bi c: Kha chnh l g? Trong mt Table c cn thit chn trng c khachnh khng? Nu khng th chn c mt trng no ca table lm kha chnh ta

phi lm g?3.Ni dung:

H14

Trang 36

Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng4. Thay i thit k ca bng:Mt bng thit k v ghi vo CSDL xong,

by gi mun ly bng ra thit k li lmnh sau:B1:Trong ca s CSDL, kch chn i tngTables/kch chn tn bng mun thit k li.B2: Kch vo nt Designa) Thay i th t trng:H14

Hot ng gio

vin

Hot ng hc sinh Phn ghi bng

b. Thm trng:Vd: thm trng mi vo trn trngDIACHI (H15)

-Chn trngmun thayi v tr, nhychut v gi.Xut hinhnh nmngang trntrng chn.-R chutn v tr mi,th chut


37/95


H15

Trang 37


c. Xa trng:- Chn trng mun xa-Kch phi chut/Delete Rowsd. Thay i kha chnh:-Chn trng mun hy kha chnh.

-Kch vo biu tng .5. Xa bng:- Trong ca s CSDL, kch phi chut vo bngmun xa, chn lnh Delete/ chn Yes khng

nh mun xa.6. i tn bng:- Kch phi chut vo bng mun i tn- Chn lnh Rename.- Nhp vo tn mi v EnterLu : Phi ng (close) bng mun xahoc bng mun i tn ri mi tin hnhxa, i tn bng c!

-ChntrngDIACHI.-Tr chutvo trng chn.- Kch phmphi chutchn InsertRows.

4. Dn d:5. Bi tp v nh: HS t chc hc theo nhm n nh ca hs cmy lm li cc bi tp trong tit thc hnh, lu tp ln a (USB)em n np cho Gv kim tra vo tit n (tit 13)6. Rt kinh nghim:


38/95


Chng 2:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 13 2 Cu trc bng - (Tit 4/4 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:V kin thc: : Hiu c ti sao phi thit lp quan h gia cc bng. Thit lp

mi quan h gia cc bng, hiu chnh dy quan h, xa dy quan h.V k nng: Thit lp mi quan h gia cc bng, hiu chnh dy quan h, xady quan h.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhd) Cc bc ln lp:

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c: Kim tra tnh hnh lm bt nh, kim tra usb ca nhm3. Ni dung:

Trang 38


39/95


Trang 39

Hot ng giovin Hot ng hc sinh Phn ghi bngGV: Sau khi thitk bng xongkhng nn nhpngay d liu mnn thit lp miquan h ri nhpliu sauGV: Chnh quanh ny s gip d

liu m bo ctnh vn ton dliu, gip ngilp trnh lp bngtng hp t nhiu

bng.(Minh habng Access- bngphn v d: to dstng hp t nhiu

bng khng tomiquan h)

Relationship:miquan h.

C khi no khngth lp mi quanh gia hai bngkhng?C (GV Minh ha

bng access), khihai trng khc

kiu d liu vchiu di.

GV: Gia hai bng DSHS vBANG_DIEM em hy cho bit 2tables ny c th quan h vinhau trn trng no?HS: MAHS

H16

Qui tc to quan h: Trong cas Relationships, ta tr chut votrng kha chnh ca bng ny(bng chnh) ko sang trnglin kt ca bng kia (bng quanh) v th chut.

Chn tnh cht: Enforce Referential Integritym bo tnh ton vn d liugia hai bng trn trng quanh:MAHS.

Ngha l:Nu nhp MAHS u bng

quan h : BANG_DIEM vi gitr khng trng khp vi MAHSu bng chnh nhp, Accesst chi khng cho nhp.DngCT QUANLYHOCSINH minh ha tnh vn ton d liu.

7.Quan h gia cc bng:a) Khi nim:Trong Access, mt CSDL gi l c hiuqu, cc bng ca n phi thit lp miquan h vi nhau.b) Cch to mi quan h:Sau khi c t nht t 2 bng tr ln, ta mito c mi quan h .V d: C 3 table DSHS, BANG_DIEM,

MON_HOC hs thit k trong tit thchnh trc (H16)Hy to mi quan h gia 3 tables ny:Vo ca s CSDLB1:Chn Tools/RelationshipsB2:Kch phi chut vo ca sRelationships/chn Show Table kch pvo cc bng mun lp mi quan h, cc

bng ny s c a vo ca s quanh.(H17)B3: Tr chut vo MAHS ca bng DSHS (ltrng kha chnh), ko r sang MAHS(khng phi trng kha chnh) ca bngBANG_DIEM. (H18)B4: Xut hin ca s nh hnh (H19)Ca s ny thit lp tnh cht ca miquan h. Kch vo mc EnforceReferential Integrity bo m tnhton vn d liu, khi nhp MAHS bngquan h BANG_DIEMTng t i vi trngMA_MON_HOC, ko trng

MA_MON_HOC ca bng MON_HOC,n trng lin kt MA_MON_HOCca BANG_DIEM. (xem kt qu H20)

B5: Cui cng kch vo nt Close ngca s ny li, chn Yes ng luquan h va lp.Lu : Trng tham gia lp quan h phicng kiu d liu (Data type), v cngchiu di (Field size).

Kch phi chut vo ca sRelationshipsChn Show Table


40/95


H17

H18

H19

H20.Mi quan h gia cc TablesHot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Phn ghi bng

GV: C bao gi Accesskhng cho php hiu chnhmi quan h khng?/n:C, lc bng nm trongmi quan h m ang trong

ch ang lm vic (angopen)

c)Hiu chnh mi lin kt:-Vo ca s Relationships, kch pvo dy quan h, xut hin ca sEdit Relationships hiu chnh.d) Xa dy mi lin kt:

- Vo ca s Relationships, kchchut phi vo dy quan h munxa, chn lnh Delelte

Trang 40

Tr chut voMAHS ca bngDSHS, ko rsang MAHS cabng BANG_DIEMv th.

Chn tnh cht ny m bo tnhton vn d liugia hai bngtrn trng quanh:MAHS.Nu nhp MAHS u bng quan h: BANG_DIEM vigi tr khng trngkhp vi MAHS

nhp u bngchnh : DSHS,

Bngchnh,nm

uxutpht

Bng quan hnm u n

Kiu quan h: 1

nhiu


41/95


GV: C bao gi Accesskhng cho php xa miquan h khng?

/n:C, v lc ny bngang ch lm vic

Lu : Mun hiu chnh hoc xady quan h ta phi ng ca sca cc bng c lin quan. Tra cucc li thng gp khi to dy quanh (trang 77)

4) Cu hi v nh :A) Cu hi trc nghim:Cu 1: C cn thit phi lp mi quan h gia cc bng trong CSDL hay khnga. Nht thit phi lp mi quan h gia cc bng trong CSDL

b. Khng nht thit phi lp mi quan h gia cc bng trong CSDL

Cu 2: Nh c mi quan h gia cc bng tnh cht no sau y c m boa. Tnh c lp d liu c. Tnh ton vn d liu gia cc bng

b. Tnh d tha d liu d. C ba tnh cht trnCu 3:Ti sao khi lp mi quan h gia hai trng ca hai bng nhng Access li khng chpnhna. V bng cha nhp d liu

b. V mt hai bng ny ang s dng (m ca s table)c. V hai trng tham gia vo dy quan h khc kiu d liu(data type) v khc chiu di(field size)d. Cc cu b v c u ngCu 4: Hai trng (Field) tham gia vo dy quan h, c cn thit tn ca hai trng ny phi:a. Gng nhau b. Khng cn phi ging nhauCu 5: K hiu s 1 trn u dy quan h nhm cho bit

a. Trng c kha chnhb. Trng khng c kha chnhCu 6: K hiu v cng ( 00 ) trn u dy quan h nhm cho bita. Trng c kha chnh

b. Trng khng c kha chnhCu 7: Vi mi quan h thit lp, bng no l bng chnh (Primary table)a. Bng nm u ch khi ko to dy quan h

b. Bng nm u ngun khi ko to dy quan hc. C hai bng u l bng chnhd. Khng c bng no l bng chnhCu 8: Vi mi quan h thit lp, bng no l bng quan h (Related table)a. Bng nm u ch khi ko to dy quan h

b. Bng nm u ngun khi ko to dy quan hc. C hai bng u l bng quan hd. Khng c bng no l bng quan hCu 9: Khi nhp d liu phi nhp d liu cho bng no trc.a. Bng chnh trc

b. Bng quan h trcc. Bng no trc cng cd. Cc cu trn u saiCu 10: Nn lp mi quan h trc hay sau khi nhp d liu cho bng

a. Trc b. SauB) Bi tp v nh:Cu 1:To mi quan h cho ba bng :

Trang 41


42/95


DSHS (MAHS, HODEM, TEN,GIOITINH,NGAYSINH,DIACHI,TO)MON_HOC (MA_MON_HOC , TEN_MON_HOC)BANG_DIEM (ID,MAHS, MA_MON_HOC, NGAYKIEMTRA, DIEM_SO)Ba bng ny thit k bi tpthc hnh s 01. Cui cng lu gi mi quan h ny li.Hng dn: Xc dnh bng no c th lp c mi quan h, kim tra xem trng munquan h c cng kiu d liu (Data type) v cng chiu di (Field size) khng?Cu 2: Nhp d liu cho ba bng theo gi di y:Table : DSHS

Table: MON_HOC

Table: BANG_DIEM

H dn:

- Nhp d liu cho bng no trc? nhp d liu cho bng chnh trc (primary Table), bngquan h (Related table) nhp sauIII) Dn d: V nh xem li cch thit lp cc dng thc nhp ngy ngn dng Vit Namtrong Windows.T mi nhp c d liu ngy thng trong Access dng Vit Nam.Hng dn: Ngy thng dng Vit Nam : ngy/thng/nm (thng thng chn dng :dd/MM/yy hay dd/MM/yyyy)Start/Settings/Control Panel/Kch p Regional and language options/ customize/chn phiulnh Date/ trong mc Short date style (kiu ngy ngn), nhp dd/MM/yyyy/apply/Ok.

Trang 42


43/95


Trang 43


44/95


Bi Thc Hnh S 01- Chng IITit 14 (Tit 2/2 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:V kin thc: Nm qui trnh thit k bng, bit nhn din trng no c th t kha chnh,nu khng c trng t kha chnh chp nhn Access to trng kha chnh ID. Nm mt

vi tnh cht ca trng (Field Properties): Field size, format, Caption, RequireV k nng: Thit k bng n gin, phc tp vi mt s tnh cht trng nu trn, bitcch khai bo kha chnh, lu bng tnh.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha cc chng trnhminh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son)

b) S dng phng d n thc tp s phm, trn h thng my ni mng iu khin bng Boxtrung tm.c) Phng php ging dy: Thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , so snhd) Cc bc ln lp

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c: .

3. Ni dung:I) Ni dung bi:Cu 1:Thit lp mi trng trong h iu hnh Windows, nhp ngy ngn dng Vit Namtheo hng dn di y:Hng dn: Ngy thng dng Vit Nam : ngy/thng/nm (thng thng chn dng :dd/MM/yy hay dd/MM/yyyy)Kch vo Start/Settings/Control Panel/Kch p Regional and language otions/customize/chn phiu lnh Date/ trong mc Short date style, nhp dd/MM/yyyy/apply/OkCu 2: M tp Quanlyhocsinh.Mdb trong th mc My DocumentTo mi quan h cho ba bng :DSHS (MAHS, HODEM, TEN,GIOITINH,NGAYSINH,DIACHI,TO)

MON_HOC (MA_MON_HOC , TEN_MON_HOC)BANG_DIEM(ID, MAHS, MA_MON_HOC, NGAYKIEMTRA, DIEM_SO)Cui cng lu gi mi quan h ny li.Hng dn: Xc dnh bng no c th lp c mi quan h, kim tra xem trng munquan h c cng kiu d liu (Data type) v cng chiu di (field size) khng?Cu 3: Nhp d liu cho ba bng theo gi di y:Table : DSHS

Table: MON_HOC

Table: BANG_DIEM

H dn:

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45/95


- Nhp d liu cho bng no trc? nhp d liu cho bng chnh trc (primary Table), bngquan h (Related table) nhp sau4.Dn d :5. Rt kinh nghim:

Chng 2:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS Access2 Cu trc bng

Tit 15- BI TP N TP (tit 1/1 tit )a) Mc ch, yu cu:Vkin thc: HS nm chc mt cch h thng cc kin thc c bn v Ms Acces:cc chcnng c bn ca Access, cc yu t to nn Table, V sao phi to mi quan h?V k nng: Khi ng v thot khi Access, khi to bng, thit lp mi quan h gia cc

bng, hiu chnh dy quan h, xa dy quan h, nhp d liu cho bng. Nm vng cc quitrnh to, thit lp quan h, nhp d liu cho Table.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Trc nghim khch quan, thc hnh,thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn, so snh.d) Cc bc ln lp:

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c: Kim tra tnh hnh lm bt nh, kim tra usb ca nhm3. Ni dung:

3.1) A) n tp (25 pht): HS lm cc cu hi trc nghim theo nhm, cc nhm c cc hsca nhm iu khim phn mm trc nghim chn cu hi ng, GV nn hng dn hsnh mt tr chi gy s hng th v thai mi. Mi nhm lm 10 cu, nhm no c s

im cao nht s thng.Cui cng, mi nhm t mt n ai cu hi nhm cn li tr li.Cu 1: Access l g?a. L phn cng

b. L phn mm ng dngc. L h QTCSDL do hng Microsoft sn xutd. L h thng phn mm dng to lp bngCu 2: Cc chc nng chnh ca Accessa. Lp bng

b. Lu tr d liuc. Tnh tan v khai thc d liu

d. Ba cu trn u ngCu 3. Tp tin trong Access c gi la. Tp tin c s d liu

b. Tp tin d liuc. Bngd. Tp tin truy cp d liuCu 4: Phn ui ca tn tp tin trong Access la. DOC

b. TEXTc . XLSd. MDB

Cu 5: Tp tin trong Access cha nhng g:a. Cha cc bng, ni cha d liu ca i tng cn qun l

b. Cha cc cng c chnh ca Access nh: table, query, form, report

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c. Cha h phn mm qun l v khai thc d liud. Cu a v bCu 6: to mt tp c s d liu (CSDL) mi & t tn tp trong Access, ta phi;a. Vo File chn New

b. Kch vo biu tng Newc. Khi ng Access, vo File chn New hoc kch vo biu tng New

d. Khi ng Access, vo File chn New hoc kch vo biu tng New, kch tip vo BlankDataBase t tn tp v chn Create.Cu 7: Tn file trong Access t theo qui tc noa. Phn tn khng qu 8 k t, phn ui khng cn g, Access t gn .MDB

b. Phn tn khng qu 64 k t, phn ui khng cn g, Access t gn .MDBc. Phn tn khng qu 255 k t k c du trng, phn ui khng cn g, Access t gn.MDB.d. Phn tn khng qu 256 k t k c du trng, phn ui khng cn g, Access t gn.MDB.Cu 8: MDB vit tt bia. Manegement DataBase

b. Microsoft DataBasec. Microsoft Access DataBased. Khng c cu no ngCu 9: Tn ca tp tin trong Access bt buc phi t trc hay sau khi to CSDL:a. t tn tp sau khi to CSDL

b. Bt buc vo l t tn tp ngay ri mi to CSDL sauCu 10:Thot khi Access bng cch:a. Vo File /Exit

b. Trong ca s CSDL, vo File/Exitc. Trong ca s CSDL, kch vo nt close (X) nm trn thanh tiu ca s Accessd. Cu b v c

Cu 11: Thnh phn c s ca Access l ga. Table

b. Recordc. Fieldd. Field nameCu 12: Bn ghi ca Table cha nhng ga. Cha tn ct

b. Cha tn trngc. Cha cc gi tr ca ctd. Tt c u saiCu 13: Tn ct (tn trng) hn ch trong bao nhiu k ta.


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d. Ty theo trng hpCu 16: Khi chn kiu d liu cho trng s in thoi nn chn loi noa. Number

b. Date/Timec. Autonumberd. Text

Cu 17: Chn kiu d liu no cho trung im Tan, L....a. Number c. Yes/No

b. Currency d. AutoNumber Cu 18: Mun thit lp n v tin t: VN cho h thng my tnh, ta phia. Vo Start/Settings/Control Panel/Regional and Language Options/customize chn phiuCurrency mc Currency Symbol nhp vo: VN, cui cng kch vo Apply/Ok

b. H thng my tnh ngm nh chn sn tin t l: VNc. Vo Start/Settings/Control Panel kch p vo Currency chn mc Currency Symbol nhpvo VN, cui cng kch vo Apply v Ok.

d. Cc cu trn u saiCu 19: Khi chn kiu d liu cho trng thnh tin (bt buc km theo n v tin t) , nnchn loi noa. Number c. Text

b. Currency d. Date/timeCu 20: Khi chn d liu cho cc trng ch cha mt trong hai gi tr nh gioitinh, trngn t hng hoc cha gii quyt...nn chn kiu d liu sau ny nhp d liu chonhanh.a. Text

b. Numberc. Yes/No

d. Auto NumberCu 21: C cn thit phi lp mi quan h gia cc bng trong CSDL hay khnga. Nht thit phi lp mi quan h gia cc bng trong CSDL

b. Khng nht thit phi lp mi quan h gia cc bng trong CSDLCu 22: Nh c mi quan h gia cc bng tnh cht no sau y c m boa. Tnh c lp d liu

b. Tnh d tha d liuc. Tnh ton vn d liu gia cc bngd. C ba tnh cht trnCu 23:Ti sao khi lp mi quan h gia hai trng ca hai bng nhng Access li khngchp nhna. V bng cha nhp d liu

b. V hai bng ny ang s dng (m ca s table)c. V hai trng tham gia vo dy quan h khc kiu d liu(data type) v khc chiu di(field size)d. Cc cu trn u ngCu 24: Hai trng (Field) tham gia vo dy quan h, c cn thit tn ca hai trng ny :a. Gng nhau

b. Khng cn phi ging nhauCu 25: K hiu s 1 trn u dy quan h nhm cho bita. Trng c kha chnh

b. Trng khng c kha chnhCu 26: K hiu v cng ( 00 ) trn u dy quan h nhm cho bita. Trng c kha chnh

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b. Trng khng c kha chnhCu 27: Vi mi quan h thit lp, bng no l bng chnh (Primary table)a. Bng nm u ch khi ko to dy quan h

b. Bng nm u ngun khi ko to dy quan hc. C hai bng u l bng chnhd. Khng c bng no l bng chnh

Cu 28: Vi mi quan h thit lp, bng no l bng quan h (Related table)a. Bng nm u ch khi ko to dy quan h

b. Bng nm u ngun khi ko to dy quan hc. C hai bng u l bng quan hd. Khng c bng no l quan hCu 29: Khi nhp d liu phi nhp d liu cho bng no trc.a. Bng chnh trc

b. Bng quan h trcc. Bng no trc cng cd. Cc cu trn u sai

Cu 30: Nn lp mi quan h trc hay sau khi nhp d liu cho bnga. Trcb. SauB) Thc hnh (20 pht): lm li cc bi tp thc hnh tit 14.4. Dn d:5. Rt kinh nghim:

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Chng 2:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 16&172 Cu trc bng

Kim tra mt tit (trn my)-(tit 1/1 tita) Mc ch, yu cu:V k nng: Kim tra k nng v cc thao tc: Khi ng v thot khi Access, khi to

bng, thit lp mi quan h gia cc bng, hiu chnh dy quan h, xa dy quan h, nhp dliu cho bng. Nm vng cc qui trnh to, thit lp quan h, nhp d liu cho Table. Qua yGV b mn nm li trnh tip thu ca hs, t phn loi hs, iu chnh bi tp cch dy

ph hp, r sot li phng php ging dy, ni dung kin thc truyn t rt kinh nghimcho chng sau.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c:3. Ni dung:

bi kim tra: (1 tit)Cu 1. (4 im) To tp tin CSDL trong Access, c phn tn l tn ca hc sinh, v du:

NGUYENVANLONG.MDB, nm trong th mc My Document gm 03 Tables nh sau:o Khach_hang(Ma-khach_hang,Ten_khach_hang,Dia_chi), vi ngha mi khch

hng c mt m khch hng (Ma_khach_hang) duy nht.o San_pham(Ma-san_pham,ten_san_pham,Don_gia), vi ngha mi sn phm c

mt m sn phm (Ma-san_pham) duy nht.o Hoa_don(So_hieu_don, Ma_khach_hang,

Ma_san_pham,So_luong,Ngay_giao_hang), vi ngha: s hiu ha n(So_hieu_don) l khng c trng nhau, mi khch hng c th mua nhiu sn

phm, v sn phm c th c mua nhiu ln nh nhau.Trong yu cu :

Ma-khach_hang: kiu k t, cha ti a 10 k tMa-san_pham: kiu k t, cha ti a 5 k tSo_hieu_don: kiu s nguyn (integer)

Ngay_giao_hang: kiu ngy ngn dng :Vit NamDon_gia: kiu s thc (single)So_luong: kiu s nguyn (integer)S dng thuc tnh Caption nhp tn trng c du ting VitTnh cht ca cc trng cn li ca bng ty hc sinh t thit k sao cho phc v c mcch qun l hng ha v mi quan h gia cc bng.

Cu 2 (4 im)Lp mi quan h gia cc Tables:Mi quan h phi m bo tnh quan h vn ton trn trng quan h

Cu 3 (2 im)Nhp d liu vi ni dung sau y:

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4) Dn d:

Ht

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Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 18 3 Cc lnh v thao tc c s - (Tit 1/2 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:Vkin thc: Bit cc lnh lm vic vi bng:cp nht d liu trn bng

V k nng: M bng ch trang d liu, cp nht d liu.b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh mu, hs lm theo, thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , sosnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:

1) n nh t chc: im danh.2) Kim tra bi c: Cp nht d liu bao gm cc thao tc g?3) Ni dung:

Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Phn ghi bngV d1: M tpQUANLYHOCSINH.MDBm Table DSHS cp nht

1. Cp nht d liu cho Table:

a) M Table mun cp nht d liu: Voca s CSDL ca tp .MDB, chn itng Table, kch p vo tn ca Tablemun cp nht d liu. H21

H21. Ch trang d liu ca bng:

b) Thm bn ghi mi:- Chn Insert/New Record hoc kch vont nm trn thanh cng c (1), hoctrn b iu khin Record (2) nhm bn tricnh di ca s Table.

H22. Chn thm bn ghi mi

Lu HS s dng mUnicode nhp

c) Nhp d liu vo cho mi bn ghi:Chn ca ct bn tri ca bn ghi nhp

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ting Vit c du.

Lu : Nu gia ccTable t miquan h v ch chnthuc tnh:EnforceReferential Integritykhi xa bn ghi (bnghi c cha trng sdng u bn quanh) u Table chnh -

th Acess khng chophp xa?? Cn xa bn ghi u bngquan h th bao gicng xa c.

d liu sau sang bn phi k tip chon cui cng, bn Enter sang bn ghimi.d) Hiu chnh d liu cho bn ghi:Dng phm Backspce, hoc Delete xamt phn d liu ri nhp d liu mi. Hoc

xa d liu trong ri nhp d liu mi.e) Xa bn ghi:t im chn vo bt k no trn bn ghi

mun xa, kch vo biu tung , chnYes ng xa.D liu ng xa skhng phc hi li c!

f) Di chuyn trong bng:- Dng chut kch phm tri vo bt k no mun di chuyn n.- S dng cc nt lnh trn thanh di chuyn

- Bm Tab chuyn t tri sang phi, vshift+Tab di chuyn ngc li.

4. Cng c, bi tp v nh: Hs thc hnh trn my sau khi gv hng dn theo tng thaotc.

5. Dn d:

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Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 19 3 Cc lnh v thao tc c s - (Tit 2/2 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:Vkin thc: Bit cc lnh lm vic vi bng:sp xp v lc, tm kim n gin

V k nng: M bng ch trang d liu, sp xp v lc, tm kim n gin.b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh mu, hs lm theo, thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , sosnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:

1) n nh t chc: im danh.2) Kim tra bi c: Cp nht d liu bao gm cc thao tc g?3) Ni dung:

Hotng gio

vin

Hot ng hc sinh Phn ghi bng

2) Sp xp v lc:a) Sp xp:Mun sp xp cc gi trcha trong ct theo chiu tng dn, hocgim dn lm nh sau:B1: M Table di dng trang d liu.Di chuyn con tr vo bt k no catrng mun sp xp.

B2: Kch vo biu tng -Ascending

sp xp tng dn (Hoc -

Descending, sp xp gim dn)B3: ng ca s table li, chn yes ng lu bng.b)Lc: Mun lc ra cc bn ghi theo yucu no chn mt trong cc cch sau:

b1) Lc theo d liu ang chn:V d 2: Trn Table DSHS, hy lc ranhng hc sinh thuc t 2B1: M Table DSHS di dng trang dliu, t im chn vo trong bt k c

cha s 2 (t 2) ca ct T (hoc t en c cha d liu:2). H23

B2: Kch vo biu tng , xut hindanh sch cc hc sinh ca t 2.Lu : Mun hy vic lc a Tablev nh trc , kch vo biu tng

Remove Filter.

b2) Lc theo mu:V d 3: Trn Table DSHS, hy lc ranhng hc sinh Nam (Qui c: )

thuc t 2.B1:M Table DSHS di dng trang d

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T en nu d liu kiu Yes/No liu, kch vo biu tng (Filter Byform: Lc theo mu).B2: ct gii tnh, kch chn vo vung nh chn gi tr Nam ()H24, tip theo chn gi tr s 2 (t 2) ct t H25.

B3: Kch chn biu tng (ApplyFilter) tin hnh lc. Kt qu xemH26.Lu : hy vic lc kch vo biutng Remove Filter

H24

H25

H26Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Phn ghi bng

3) Tm kim n gin:C th tm kim gi tr cha trong cc cttha mn mt s iu kin no , sau khitm kim c th thay th bi mt gi trkhc.V d 4: Trn Table DSHS, tm hc sinh c

tn L.B1: M Table DSHS ch trang d liu,t im chn vo bt k ca ct Tn (ctc cha gi tr mun tm) kch vo biu

tng hoc vo Edit/Find, xut hinH27B2: Nhp gi tr mun tm vo Find WhatLook in: chn tn trng (Tn) cha gi trmun tm, hoc chn tn bng nu muntm nu mun tm gi tr tt c cc

trng

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GV: trong ca sFind and Replace, emcho bit mun vatm kim gi tr, vathay th bi mt gi

tr khc th chnphiu lnh no ?HS: Phiu lnhReplaceGV: Hy tm kim tTT i thnh ThaThin trn ct ach.Vic tm kim v thayth trong ms Word hs c hc lp 10

phn ban (P119).

Match: chn cch thc ph hp vi

1. Tm n c cha gi tr cn tm

2. Tm n cha gi tr trng khp3. Tm n d liu bt u bng gi tr cntm y, vi yu cu trn ta chn Whole Field(2). Nhy vo nt Find Next, nu tm ra,Access s t en ln gi tr tm thy, muntm tip tc kch vo Find Next.Lu : Chc nng va tm va thay, trongca s Find and Replace, em cho bit munva tm kim gi tr, va thay th bi mtgi tr khc th chn phiu lnh no ?

o Phiu lnh Replaceo V d: Hy tm kim t TT i thnh

Tha Thin trn ct a ch.

4) In d liu:In ni dung bng di dng trang d liu:- M Table di dng trang d liu-Vo File/Print

H274. Dn d:5. Cng c:Hs thc hnh trn my sau khi gv hng dn thao tc tng bc

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Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS Access3 Cc lnh v thao tc c s

Tit 20-BI TP THC HNH S 2 ( tit 1/ 1 tit)a) Mc ch, yu cu:V k nng: Kim tra k nng v cc thao tc: Cp nht d liu, sp xp v lc d liu, tmkim v thay th d liu. Qua y GV b mn nm li trnh tip thu ca hs, t phn loihs, iu chnh bi tp cch dy ph hp, r sot li phng php ging dy, ni dung kinthc truyn t rt kinh nghim cho bi sau.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c:

3. Ni dung:Tit 20 - bi thc hnh: bi thc hnh:M tp tin KINHDOANH.MDB trong th mc My Document:

Lm cc bi tp sauBi 1: M Table KHACH_HANG thc hin cc thao tc sau ya) Nhp thm bn ghi mi vi ni dung:

a6 L anh Minh 11 l li, TT Hu b) Di chuyn im chn bng thanh cng c chuyn n bng ghi th nht, sau nhy n bn ghi cui ghi thm bn ghi mi:

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a7 Nguyn Trng Quang 14 Nguyn Hu TT Huc) Xa 02 bn ghi nhp cu a v bd) Hiu chnh a ch ca m khch hng a3 thnh 7 Yt kiu TT Hu, a ch ca m khchhng a5 6 Nguyn cng Tr, TT Hue) Dng lnh tm kim v thay th TT thnh Tha Thin Hu.f) Thit k li Table KHACH_HANG, sao cho Ten_khach_hang (cha h m v tn ca

khch hng vo cng mt trng) tch lm 02 trng c tn: HO_DEM v trng TEN. Sau hy iu chnh d liu h lt ca khch hng vo trng HO_DEM, tn khch hng votrng TEN, sp xp trng TEN tng dn.g) ng ca s Table ny li v lu cc thay i va ri.Bi 2: M Table HOA_DON, tin hnh lc theo yu cu di y bng 02 cch lc : lc theod liu chn v lc theo mu.a) Lc ra nhng m khch hng c k hiu a3. Cui cng hy lc a danh sch v nh c.

b) Lc ra nhng m khch hng c k hiu a1 mua sn phm s 2. Cui cng hy lc adanh sch v nh c.c) ng ca s table ny li v lu cc thay i va ri.

4. Gio vin nhn xt u, khuyt im ca HS qua tit thc hnh

5. Dn d: Tit 21 hc bi mi

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Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 21 4 Truy vn d liu - (Tit 1/4 tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:Vkin thc: Bit khi nim v vai tr ca truy vn (mu hi). Bit cc bc chnh to ra

mt truyV k nng: Vit ng biu thc iu kin n gin. To c mu hi n gin.b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh mu, hs lm theo, thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , sosnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:

1. n nh t chc: im danh.2. Kim tra bi c: Cp nht d liu bao gm cc thao tc g?3. Ni dung:

Cc tan hng trong biuthc c th l:- Tn trng (ng vai trnh l bin) c ghitrong du [ ]:

V d: [HODEM],[LUONG]- Cc hng s- Cc hng vn bn phic vit trong cp dungoc kp, v d: NAM,N...- Cc hm s: SUM,AVG, MAX , MIN,COUNT ...V d v biu thc s hc:[SOLUONG]*[DONGIA]200*[DONGIA]...V d v biu thc chui[HODEM]& &[TEN]

V d: Khiqun l hcsinh, tathng cnhng yucu khai thcthng tin,

bng cch tcu hi (truyvn):Tm kimhc sinh theom hc sinh?Tm kimnhng hcsinh c imtrung bnhcao nht lp?Tng s hngha tnh bngtin nhp

trongthng ?...Tiptheo yu cuny ngi lptrnh s dngngn ng lptrnh nnhn truy vnv thc hintruy xut dliu cho

kt xut lnmn hnhhoc in ra

1. Cc khi nim:a) Mu hi (truy vn):Trong CSDL cha cc thng tin v i tng ta angqun l. Da vo nhu cu thc t cng vic, ngi lptrnh phi bit cch ly cch thng tin ra theo yu cuno . Access cung cp cng c t ng ha vic trli cc cu hi do chnh ngi lp trnh to ra.V d (bn)b)Tc dng ca mu hi:- Sp xp cc bn ghi- Chn cc bn ghi tha iu kin no - Chn cc trng hin th trong danh sch- Tnh tan cc trng mi- Tng hp v hin th thng tin t cc Table c quan h.c) Biu thc trong Access: thc hin cc tnh tan v kim tra cc iukin, ta phi bit cch vit cc biu thc . Cc

biu thc trong Access l: Biu thc s hc, biu thc iu kin v biuthc lgic:- Cc php tan c s dng trong Access vitbiu thc:

o Php ton s hc: +,-,*,/o Php ton so snh:

, =,=, (khng bng)o Php ton Lgic: AND (v), OR (hoc),

NOT (ph nh).o Php ton ghp chui: &

V d: [HO_DEM]& &[TEN], ghp trng[HO_DEM] v trng [TEN]- Cc ton hng c vit trong biu thc :

o Tn trng: c vit trong cp du [ ]V d: [HODEM], [TEN]...

o Hng s: 200, 12...o Hng vn bn (cc k t) phi c vit

trong cp du kp

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giy.

Ghp trngHO_DEM vimt du Spacevi trngTEN

Vd: Nam , Giio Cc hm s: nh SUM, AVG...

V d: SUM([THANHTIEN]): tnh tng ctthnh tin- Cc hm s trong Access:Hm s trong Access dng tnh tan cc d liu

trn trng ch nh. Mt s hm thng dng tnh tan trn trng c d liu s nh sau:SUM: Tnh tng gi tr s trn trng ch nh.AVG: Tnh gi tr trung bnh cc gi tr s trntrng ch nh.MIN: Tm gi tr nh nht ca cc s nm trntrng ch nh.MAX: Tm gi tr ln nht ca cc s nm trntrng ch nh.COUNT: m cc khc rng nm trn trngch nh

ROUND(a,n): lm trn biu thc s :a, n n s l. V d v cc biu thc:Biu thc ghp chui: [HO_DEM] & &[TEN]Biu thc s hc : [SO_LUONG] * [DON_GIA] tnh thnh tin

(2*[TOAN]+2*[VAN]+[TIN_HOC])/5 tnhim trung bnhBiu thc iu kin: Gii OR Kh lc radanh sch hc sinh Gii hoc KhBiu thc Lgic : [TOAN]>=0 AND [TOAN]8) AND (1238) OR (123=190)III) Cng c - Dn d: Ti sao ngi ta phi ghp thm du khong trng vo gia[HO_DEM] v [TEN]

Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)

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a) Mc ch, yu cu:Vkin thc: Bit khi nim v vai tr ca truy vn (mu hi). Bit cc bc chnh to ramt truy vn.

V k nng: Vit ng biu thc iu kin n gin. To c mu hi n gin.b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh mu, hs lm theo, thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , sosnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:


DSHS(MAHS, HODEM,TEN,GIOITINH,NGAYSINH,DIACHI,TO )MON_HOC(MA_MON_HOC ,TEN_MON_HOC)BANG_DIEM(MAHS,MA_MON_HOC, NGAYKIEMTRA,DIEM_SO)

2)To query (mu hi) bng phngphp thit k (Design):2.1) Dng Query lc d liu, cho nhin trng, sp xp bn ghi:V d1:Da trn Table BANG_DIEMhy lc ra danh sch cha tt c cctrng ca n nhng ch cha cc hcsinh c im >=8B1: Trong ca s CSDL, kch vo itng Queries, kch p vo lnh CreateQuery in Design View, xut hin- H28B2:Trong ca s Show Tale kch p voTable BANG_DIEM chn qua licui cng kch vo lnh Close ca ShowTable - H29.B3: Chn cc trng mun xut hintrong danh sch lc, theo yu cu y tachn ht bng cch kch p chut votiu BANG_DIEM, bng b t muxanh, tr chut vo vng chn ko rsang li QBE (mu hi theo v d) thchut vo ct u tin ca li. (H30)

B4: dng lc (Criteria) , ct Diem_so,nhp iu kin lc >=8 (H30)

B4: Kch chut vo biu tng Run (), xut hin ds c lc (H31), nukhng c g thay i, ta kch vo ntClose ca ca s danh sch lc, chnYes ng lu Query, nhp tnQuery, v d: Q_LOC v Enter.

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H28Gii thch:Filed: Khai bo tn trng c chnTable; Tn table cha trng chn

Sort: Sp xp d liu nm trong trung chnShow: cho n /hin ct chnCriteria: ghi iu kin lc, iu kin lc nm trn mt hng c ngha VOr: Din t iu kin lc c ngha hoc

H29

H30

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Gi l li QBE(Query By Example-lc theo mu)


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H31. Danh sch hs c lc ra theo yu cu im >=8

4) Cu hi v nh :Hy ghi vo li QBE sau y bng bt ch cc iu kin lc thc hin yu cu sau:-Lc ra danh sch gm nhng hs c m hc sinh A2 hoc A3, kim tra sau ngy 2/4/2006 .

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Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)


a) Mc ch, yu cu:Vkin thc: Bit khi nim v vai tr ca truy vn (mu hi). Nm cc bc chnh to ra

mt truy vn.V k nng: Vit ng biu thc iu kin n gin. To c mu hi n gin.b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh mu, hs lm theo, thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , sosnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:


2.2) Thit k li Query c iu chnh vic lc d liu:V d 2: Da trn query Q_LOC(L Query lc ra danh schcha tt c cc trng ca bngBANG_DIEM nhng ch cha cchc sinh c im >=8m ) - ginguyn iu kin lc >=8 nhngthit k li vi yu cu khng cho

xut hin trong danh sch trngID.Cch lm:B1: Nu Query lm xong munthit kt li, chn query mun thitk, kch vo lnh Design (H32)B2: dng Show, ct ID kch vo, (H33) kch vo Run thchin kt qu (H34)

H32

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.

H33. Kt qu l danh sch hs c im>=8, khng cha trng ID (so snh vi H31)

V d 3: Nh v d 2, nhng yu cusp xp u tin trng MAHS tngdn, nu MAHS trng nhau th sp

xp DIEM_SO theo chiu gim dn.Trong ca s thit k Q_LOC, lm nhsau:

B1: Dng Sort (sp xp), ct MAHS,chn Ascending(tng dn), tng t ct DIEM_SO chn Descending-(H34).B2: Kch vo Run thc hin, lu ccthay i va ri (H35)

H34

H35

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Hng sp xp u tin

Tng dn: A2->A3

MAHS trng nhau, thDIEM_SO sp xp gim

dn

DIEM_SO sp xp gimdn


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DSHS (MAHS, HODEM,TEN,GIOITINH,NGAYSINH,DIACHI,TO)MON_HOC (MA_MON_HOC , TEN_MON_HOC)BANG_DIEM(MAHS, MA_MON_HOC,NGAYKIEMTRA, DIEM_SO)

2.3) Dng Query tng hp nhiutrung t cc bng c quan h:V d 4: T 03 Tables c : DSHS,MON_HOC, BANG_DIEM. Hy todanh sch cha cc trng sau y:MAHS,HODEM,TEN,NGAYSINH,TO,TEN_MON_HOC, ,DIEM_SO

Nhn xt: cc trng ny khng nmtrong mt bng, m nm trong 3 bng.Cc bc lm tng t nh cc bc v d 1, tuy nhin vi nhn xt trn, ta

phi chn ht c 3 bng vo li QBE,v tin hnh chn cc trng theo yucu bng cch kch p chut votrng mun chn (H37), cui cngkch vo Run c danh sch (H38).

t tn Query l QTONG_HOP

H36

H373) Cng c & bi tp v nh:4) Dn d:

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Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)


a) Mc ch, yu cu:Vkin thc: Bit khi nim v vai tr ca truy vn (mu hi). Bit cc bc chnh to ra

mt truy vn.V k nng: Vit ng biu thc iu kin n gin. To c mu hi n gin.b) Chun b dng dy hc: Sch GK tin 12, Sch GV tin 12, a cha ccchng trnh minh ha (qun l hc sinh:gv bin son). HS c sch bi tp gv son.c) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh mu, hs lm theo, thuyt trnh, hi p, t vn , sosnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:


C php to trngmi

:

Tan t: & dng ghphai chui li vi nhau(c th s dng tan t+)

Nu khng ghp mtdu Space ( ), thm v tn b stnhau!!

2.4) Dng Query to trng mi:V d 5: T Query Vd 4 trnQ_TONGHOP, hy thay hai trng

HODEM v TEN bi trng mi HO_VA_TEN.Cch lm:B1: Vo ca s thit k Query: QTONG_HOPB2:Trong ca s thit k Query, xa bt ctTEN (Tr chut ln u ct TEN, n khi xuthin , kch chut tri, t en ct Ten, bmDelete)B3: Chn con tr vo cha tn HODEM,

bm ShifT+F2 m rng ca s nhp, nhpcng thc theo dng:

:


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H38

H39-Nh kch vung ny khng cho xut hin ct TEN

H402.5) Dng Query gp nhm:V d 6: T Table DSHS v Table

BANG_DIEM hy dng Query :a) To danh sch tng hp gp cc bnghi c t (TO)nh nhau nm lin tc tothnh mt nhm d phn bit

b) Sau tnh im trung bnh, im caonht, im thp nht trn trng DIEM_SO.c) Sp xp tng dn cho ct TOd) Thc hin Query cho kt que) t tn cho Query l QTONG_KETCch lm:

Nhn xt: Danh sch ny phi c lp trn

hai Table: DSHS (c cha trng TO) vBANG_DIEM (c cha trng DIEM_SO)B1: Vo ca s thit kt query, chn haiTable vo li: DSHS v BANG_DIEMB2: Kch chn trng TO, kch chn 03 lntrng DIEM_SO lm xut hin 03 ctDIEM_SO trong li (H40)

B3: Kch vo biu tng Total , trnli xut hin dng mi c tn Total (H42),trn dng Total xut hin cc t kha

Group By: gp cc gi tr trn trng chn thnh mt nhm, nu cc gi tr trng chn cha gi tr ging nhau.

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Tha mn yucu a & b


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Yu cu cYu cu dYu cu e

- y ta chn Group By cho trng TO,v ln lt chn thm (H41):1 AVG tnh trung bnh ca trngDIEM_SO2 MAX tnh im cao nht thuctrng DIEM_SO

3 MIN, tnh im thp nht thuctrng DIEM_SO (H42)B4: dng Sort (sp xp), ct TO: chnAscending (sp tng dn)B5: Kch vo Run, xut hin danh sch(H43)B6: ng ca s li v t tn QueryQTONG_KET

H41

1 - Chn hm AVG tnh tr trung bnh trn trng Diem_so2 - Chn hm Max tnh im cao nht trn trng Diem_so3 - Chn hm Min tnh im thp nht trn trng Diem_so

H42.

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32ChnGroupBy nhm


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H434) Dn d:V nh lm li v d trn, trong v d 6, dng cch t tn ct mi i tn choAvgOFDIEM_SO im trung bnh, MaxOfDIEM_SOim cao nht, MinOFDIEM_SOimthp nht, nh trong danh sch di y:

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Chng II:31 (15,10,2,4)

H qun tr c s d liu MS AccessTit 25 -BI TP THC HNH S 3 (tit 1 /2 Tit)

a) Mc ch, yu cu:V k nng: Kim tra k nng v cc thao tc: vit ng biu thc iu kin n gin, to

c mu hi n gin. Qua y GV b mn nm li trnh tip thu ca hs, t phn loihs, iu chnh bi tp cch dy ph hp, r sot li phng php ging dy, ni dung kinthc truyn t rt kinh nghim cho bi sau.

b) Chun b dng dy hc: HS c sch bi tp gv son. Chun b phng thc hnh. Copycc tp CSDL lm csdl cho bi tpc) Phng php ging dy: Thc hnh.d) Cc bc ln lp:

1. n nh t chc: im danh2. Kim tra bi c:3. Ni dung:

Tit 25 - bi thc hnh:M tp Quanlyhocsinh.Mdb nm trong th mc My Document, gm c 03 tables nh sau:DSHS (MAHS, HODEM, TEN,GIOITINH,NGAYSINH,DIACHI,TO)MON_HOC (MA_MON_HOC , TEN_MON_HOC)BANG_DIEM(MAHS, MA_MON_HOC, NGAYKIEMTRA, DIEM_SO)

Lm li cc v d trong bi hc truy vn , nh sau khi lm xong phi thc hin(RUN) xem kt qu.

o Dng Query to danh sch lit k cc bn ghi tha mn iu kin cho trc,cho n/hin trng trong danh sch, sp xp bn ghi:

Bi tp 1: (V d1) Thit k Query

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