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Gift of the NileGift of the NileGeography of Ancient Egypt
Nile River
Longest River (begins near the equator, and flows to the Mediterranean Sea)
Southern part of the Nile has cataracts (or waterfalls)
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Nile Delta
The Nile flows North
Upper and Lower Nile
Delta is the fertile land at the river’s mouth where the Nile dumps into the sea.
Floods every summer left silt.
Red Land, Black LandBlack land refers to the fertile soil near the Nile.
Red land is the desert away from the Nile’s
floodplain
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Can you find the difference in my picture between the fertile land and the desert
surrounding it?
Regular flooding (look for the ibises)
Farming Technology
dug irrigation canals
Shaduf spread the water over the field
Agricultural Techniques
Egyptian Crops: first to ground wheat into flour and make bread
Wove flax to make linen
Houses of mud and straw...difference between rich and poor. Poor people hung out on the roof; they even slept outside.
Climate: 8 mo. sunny/hot, 4 mo. sunny/cooler
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Copper was used for tools (6000 BC), later needed to use iron for stronger weapons
gold mined (in Nubia) and minerals (in Sinai)
Mined precious stones
turquoise
lapis lazuli
Mining
Use of the Nile
Water
Food
Silt (deposited after the floods)
Travel for bartering
Travel north by the current
Travel south by the wind