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BASIC GIS TRAINING 2070 2070

1 Prepared by: Lekha Nath Dahal

A Training Manual for Arc GIS Arc GIS 9.3

Basic GIS Training 2070

Organized by: Geomatics Engineering Society

Prepared by: Lekha Nath Dahal

Instructor, LMTC



What is Arc GIS?

A Geographic information system (GIS) is a system for capturing, storing, checking, integrating,

manipulating, analysing, and displaying data which are spatially referenced to the Earth.Environmental

System Research Institute Inc., Redlands, CA (ESRI)'s Arc GIS is a family of GIS products that forms a

complete Geographic Information System (GIS) on industry standard.GIS technology has long been

valued for improving communication and collaboration in decision making, for effectively managing

resources and assets, for enhancing the efficiency of workflows, for improving the accessibility of

information, and generally offering tangible cost savings to organizations both large and small. In an

effort to deliver geospatial information and functionality throughout an enterprise, organizations are

choosing to leverage the geographic information that they create with their desktop GIS

implementations and deliver it with servers for use in the enterprise and across the Web. In addition,

focused sets of GIS logic can be embedded and deployed in custom applications. And increasingly, GIS is

deployed in mobile field devices. This means that the influence of GIS is growing. It provides a powerful

medium for managing, visualizing, and communicating about our world.Four primary frameworks of GIS

are:

ArcGIS DesktopAn integrated suite of professional GIS applications composed of three main software

products: ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcInfo

Server GISArcIMS, ArcGIS Server, and ArcGIS Image Server

Developer GISEmbeddable software components for developers to extend GIS desktops, build custom

GIS applications, add custom GIS services and Web applications, and create mobile solutions

Mobile GISArcPad and ArcGIS Mobile for field computing

ArcGIS Desktop

Desktop GIS is the primary seat from which GIS professionals compile author, and use geographic

information and knowledge. GIS professionals use a standard desktop as a productivity tool for

authoring, sharing, managing, and publishing geographic knowledge. ArcGIS Desktop is an integrated

suite of advanced GIS applications. It includes a series of Windows desktop applications (for example,

ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcToolbox, and ArcGlobe) with user interface components. ArcGIS Desktop is

available at three functional levels. ArcView, ArcEditor and ArcInfo; and can be customized and

extended using the ArcGIS Desktop Developers Kit, which is included. Using these applications and

interfaces in unison, you can perform any GIS task, simple to advanced, including mapping, geographic

analysis, data editing and compilation, data management, visualization, and geoprocessing.



ArcGIS Desktop is scalable to meet the needs of many types of users. It is available at three functional

levels:

ArcView focuses on comprehensive data use, mapping, and analysis.

ArcEditor adds advanced geographic editing and data creation.

ArcInfo is a complete, professional GIS desktop, containing comprehensive GIS functionality, including rich geoprocessing tools.

New capabilities can be added to all seats through a series of ArcGIS Desktop extensions from ESRI and

other organizations. Users can also develop their own custom extensions to ArcGIS Desktop by working

with ArcObjects, the ArcGIS software component library.

Users develop extensions and custom tools using standard Windows programming nterfaces such as

Visual Basic (VB), .NET, Java, and Visual C++.

ArcView provides comprehensive mapping, data use, and analysis tools along with simple editing and

geoprocessing.

ArcEditor includes advanced editing capabilities for shapefiles and geodatabases in addition to the full

functionality of ArcView.

ArcInfo is the full-function, flagship GIS Desktop. It extends the functionality of both ArcView and

ArcEditor with advanced geoprocessing. It also includes the legacy applications for ArcInfo Workstation.



All the three levels of the product have the components ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcToolbox

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ArcView

ArcEditor

ArcInfo



Arc Map

ArcMap is the central application in ArcGIS Desktop for all map-based tasks including cartography, map

analysis, and editing. ArcMap is a comprehensive map authoring application for ArcGIS Desktop. ArcMap

offers two types of map views:

A Data View

A Layout View

In the geographic data view, you work with geographic layers to symbolize, analyze, and compile GIS

datasets. A table of contents interface helps you organize and control the drawing properties of the GIS

data layers in your data frame. The data view is a window into any GIS datasets for a given area.

In the layout view, you work with map pages that contain geographic data views as well as other map

elements, such as scale bars, legends, North arrows, and reference maps. ArcMap is used to compose

maps on pages for printing and publishing.

You can use ArcMap to create query and layout maps for printing or on-screen use. You can drag and

drop data from ArcCatalog into your ArcMap maps.

Arc Map has facilities to:

visualize data

associate symbols to the data

make selections

analyze data

create data

present data

create layout



In Arc Map you can use following button for corresponding functions.

Button Name Function

Zoom In Allows you to zoom in to a geographic window by clicking a point or dragging a

box

Zoom Out Allows you to zoom out from a geographic window by clicking a point or

dragging a box

Fixed Zoom In Allows you to zoom in on the center of your data frame

Fixed Zoom Out Allows you to zoom out on the center of your data frame

Pan Allows you to pan the data frame

Full Extent Allows you to zoom to the full extent of your map

Back Allows you to go back to the previous extent

Forward Allows you to o forward to the next extent

Select Features Allows you to select features by clicking or dragging a box

Clear Selected

Features

Deselects all of the currently selected features in the active data frame

Select Elements Allows you to select, resize, and move text, graphics, and other objects placed

on the map

Identify Identifies the geographic feature or place on which you click

Find Finds features in the map

Go To XY Allows you to type an x,y location and navigate to it

Measure Measures distance on the map

Hyperlink Triggers hyperlinks from features



Arc Catalog

The Arc Catalog application helps users organize and manage all geographic informations such as :maps,

globes, data files, geodatabases, geoprocessing toolboxes, metadata, and GIS services.

It includes tools to:

Arc Catalog has facility to:

Browse data

Explore data

View and create metadata

Search for data

Manage data sources (modify the structure of tables)

Use ArcToolbox

Arc Toolbox

A user interface in Arc GIS used for accessing and organizing a collection of geoprocessing tools, models,

and scripts. ArcToolbox and ModelBuilder are used in concert to perform geoprocessing.



Arc Globe

The ArcGlobe application provides continuous,multiresolution, interactive viewing of geographic

information. Arc Globe has a dynamic 3D view of geographic information. Arc Globe layers are placed

within a single global context, integrating all GIS data sources into a common global framework. It

handles multiple data resolutions by making datasets visible at appropriate scales and levels of detail.

Arc Scene

A second 3D viewing application, ArcScene, is also included with the ArcGIS 3D Analyst extension. Arc

Scene is used to generate and work with 3D scenes that are limited to focused project areas. Arc Scene

provides a fishbowl view for working with 3D information.

Arc Reader

ArcReader provides GIS users with a method to share electronic maps locally, over networks, and on the

Internet. ArcReader preserves a live connection to data so your data view is dynamic. This also makes

ArcReader useful for publishing maps based on ArcIMS or Geography Network services.

ArcGIS Extensions

ArcGIS Extensions add functionality to the core capability of ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcInfo.These

extensions operate with the entire line of ArcGIS Desktop software. Some of the extensions are: ArcGIS

Spatial Analyst, ArcGIS 3D Analyst, ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst, ArcGIS Survey Analyst, ArcScan for

ArcGIS, ArcGIS StreetMap, ArcPress for ArcGIS, MrSID Encoder for ArcGIS, ArcGIS Tracking Analyst etc.

Online Capabilities

When your computer is connected to the Web, ArcGIS Desktop includes a range of online capabilities

and services that enrich your use of ArcGIS.These online services provide access to online Web maps,

globes, and data layers, as well as up-to-date help for ArcGIS Desktop, and blogs that help with your

ArcGIS implementations.



Exercise 1 Installation of Arc GIS 9.3

(Data:Arc GIS 9.3 backup)

1.Open Backup/ arcgis9.3/crack/liscence_server_setup and run LM Setup.Give licence file location for

installation.(Select no I will restart later)

2.Copy all files from Iiscence_server _crack and 37102011 from liscence_server_setup and paste in

C:\Program Files\ESRI\License\arcgis9x folder.

3.Go to all programme /Arc GIS /Liscence manager(9x)/Lisence manager tool , configure service(provide

lmgrd and license file location from c drive) [Dont forget to tick on both check box.] ,save service and

start server.

4.Go to Desktop folder and run setup file.

5.Go to all programme,Arc GIS and Desktop Adminstrator and tick on Arc info(Floating) as Software

product and change license manager as local host or Computer name.

6.Run Arc GIS and enjoy.

Exercise Install Arc GIS application



Exercise 2

Play with different tools on Arc Map (Data:Nepaldata)

1. Go to Start/all programs/Arc GIS/Arc map right click and send to Desktop(create shortcut).

2. Go to desktop and click on Arc Map icon.

3. Click on new empty map and click ok.

4. Right click on blank space of main menu and add different tools.

5. Click on Add Data botton.

6. Select Nepal data/all feature classes.

7. You will see this view.

8. Try to click on tick mark just near the feature class and see what happens.

9. Now change the layer order and see effect.

10. Click on Display, Source and Selection in table of contents and get information.

11. Now play with different buttons on tools like Zoom in, Zoom out, pan Select features etc.

12. Level layer from properties/display .Try to level with different attributes by using method as

Define classes of features and level each class differently and add all attributes.

13. To show map tips,go to properties/display ,tick on show map tips and click on field and select

primary display field.

14. Select different features from selection/Select by attributes and select by locations.

15. Try to change colors and symbols of different features from from symbology.

16. Try to hyperlink any photo to layer by giving location and name of photo on any new field on

attribute table and right click on that layer/properties/display/support hyperlinks using

field/provide field.



17. Try to change scale of map and fix scale as well.

18. To select any district only, select that district and export as shape file.

19. Clip road and river of that district from Arc toolbox.

20. Make buffer of road using buffer tool of Arc toolbox.

21. Get help from help menu for all queries.

Exercise

1.Calculate Distance between Dhulikhel and Simikot.

2.Measure Approx. area of Nepal.

3.Prapare your vdc map with layout.

4.Find largest and smallest vdc in Nepal.

5.Find out number of districts which has area less than1000 sq.km.

6.Which is longest river?

7.Count vdc which are within distance of 2 km from district hq.

8.Find out districts without access of road.

9.Find out name of vdc which has area



Exercise 3 Creating Personal Geodatabase, Feature dataset and Feature class

(Data: Coordinates of LMTC )

1. Create new folder in D drive and copy your coordinate data file in that folder.

2. Open Arc Catalog ,right click on that folder and create new personal geodatabase and give

name(LMTC) for that Database.

3. Right click on that personal geodatabase, Create new feature dataset and give name(Topomap).

4. Click next,click new and click projected coordinate system.

5. Give name (Nepal),select projection name Transverse_Mercator and provide following

parameters.

1. False easting: 500000

2. False northing: 0

3. Central Meridian:87

4. Scale factor:0.9999

5. Latitute of origin:0

6. Linear unit:meter

6. Click on Geographic Coordinate System ,select Asia, select Everest_Bangladesh.prj,click on Add

and finish.

7. Again click next,next,and finish.

8. Right click on feature data set(Topomap) and click on new feature class.

9. Create different feature classes like parcel,road boundary,building,tree, etc.

10. Give name and type of feature class and add field also as you need.

11. Close Arc Catalog .



Exercise 4 Creating Topo Map (Data : Coordinates of LMTC)

1. Open Arc Map from Desktop.

2. Click on tools and add xy data.

3. Select your data file and give e in x field and n in y field.

4. Click on edit, import and select your any feature class and click finish.

5. Right click on coordinates.csv and select data / export data.

6. Click on ok and yes.

7. Right click on coordinates.csv and click on remove.

8. Click on bottom and add all feature classes.

9. Click on editor and Start editing and set snapping.

10. Query all features from select by attributes .

11. Dont forget to give name of your feature in target

12. Take a pencil and Create point ,line and polygon features on the respected feature class.

13. To save your map go to File /Save/save as/Give the name and location of the file. The extension

of file is *.mxd .

14. Right click on coordinate layer/data/export data and save shape file in your location.

15. Click yes to display your shapefile layer.

16. Right click on blank space and load 3D analyst extension.

17. Click on Tools/Extension and tick on 3D analyst and close that dialog box.

18. Go to 3D analyst /Create Modify/TIN/Creat TIN from feature.

19. Tick on your shapefile.

20. Put height on height source and select mass point on Triangulate as.

21. Set out put TIN Location and click ok.

22. Now you can see this TIN.

23. Try different color ramp to visualize height from double clicking on the TIN/Symbology and

color Ramp.



24. You can create contour based on given surface tin.

25. Now 3D analyst select surface Analysis/contour

26. Give contour interval (eg. 1m)

27. The map with contour interval 1m is now ready.

28. Label contour.

29. You can use line smoothing tool from ArcToolbox to smooth contour.Try to edit contour as

well.

30. You can use Clip tool from Arc Toolbox to clip contours inside boundary only.

31. Remember tin doesnt clipped by boundry for that first clip contour and create Tin from that

clipped contour.

32. In 3D analyst/create line of sight. Use Arc Scene to view 3D of our map .

33. Try different tools on Arc Toolbox.



Exercise 5

Creating Layout and printing map (Data: Topo/Cadastral map)

1. Open your mxd file either from Arc Map or directly from mxd. File which you have already

saved.

2. Right click on screen and data frame properties.

3. Click on data frame and click on fixed scale ,define required scale and click on Apply ok.

4. Click on layout view.

5. Click on insert and add title,legend, north bar ,scale bar etc.

6. Design appropriate layout for your map.

7. Add grid also.For grid ,right click on screen go to dataframe properties ,select grid and click to

new grid.

8. At last click on file ,export map and select pdf format and save your file in any folder.

9. After that you can print your map .

10. You can directly print map without exporting in to pdf if you have printer installed.

11. Try to make inset map of kavre district by using different data frame.

12. Try to save template file by file/save as type/arc map template(extension .mxt)



Exercise 6 Creating Model

(Data:data_model_exercise)

(Create model for finding out area from parcel and building taken by road if we extend it by 10 m on both side of roads centerline.)

1. Create new toolbox on any folder from arc catalog by right clicking on the folder.

2. Add road centerline,building and Parcel layer from data_model_exercise folder.

3. Add that toolbox on Arc toolbox

4. Rightclick on your toolbox and create new model.

5. Drag roadcenterline layer to the model.

6. Add buffer tool to the model connect with roadcenterline and rename output by roadbuffer.

7. Double clik on Buffer and define output feature class ,linear distance and select all in dissolve

type and click ok.

8. Rightclick on buffer and run and click on road buffer and add to display.

9. Now add parcel and building layer to the model.

10. Add intersect tool and connect with parcel road and parcel building.

11. Rename output by parcelintersect and buildingintersect.

12. Click on model and run entire model and rightclick on output and add to display.

13. Inspect on attribute table. Inspect on attribute table,for actual area go to attribute table/shape

area and rightclick and click on calculate geometry with area.

14. To run saved model right ,add all layers needed for model and right click on model in toolbox ,

click on edit and run.

15. Click on model/Export/toscript/python and save.Right click on saved script and click on edit with

idel.



Exercise 7 Georeferencing a raster image

(Data: Cadastral map)

1. Add Cadastral map to your Arc Map.

2. Rightclick on screen and click on dataframe properties.

3. Click on general and set map and display unit as meter.

4. Rightclick on blank space and add Georefrencing Extension.

5. Choose Georeferencing and verify ,Auto Adjust shouldnt be checkmarked.

6. Click on add control points button and click on corner of the sheet.

7. Right click on that point, put x and y coordinates and click ok.

8. Similarly put coordinates of rest corners.

9. Click on and Check Total RMS error



10. Tick on Adjust coordinates.

11. Rectify image and save.

12. Open georefrenced map and inspect coordinates.

13. Notice that georefrenced map is missing projection system so define projection system from Arc

toolbox.

14. Search create feature class in toolbox and create new polygon feature under any feature

dataset.

15. Now you can digitize different parcels from that georefrenced map.

16. For digitizing add layer to the Arc Map.Create one big polygon at first and use cut polygon.

17. You can add all attribute information as well. For that right click on attribute table of

corresponding layer and add new field .



Exercise 8 3D Visualization in Arc Scene

(Data: Arc Scene)



3.Creating fly through line

1. Right click on blank space and add 3D graphics and Animation.

2. Take new line from 3D graphics and create line of flight.(Double click at last)

3. Go to Animation and click on create keyframe.

4. Select camera on type,deatination track as new and create.

5. Again click on animation/create fly by from path and provide vertical offset and click on import.

6. Now click on open animation control and click on play.

7. To export this animation,click on animation and click on export to video.



Exercise 9

Loading data into Google and digitizing from Google (Data: Nepal data)

Loading data into Google

1. Open Arc Map and add District. 2. Go to the toolbox/conversion tools/ to KML/ Layer to KML. 3. Set the input file as sunsari vdc ,put output file location and name. 4. Set the scale as 1000. 5. Click OK. 6. If you have internet connection and the Google earth installed to your computer then double

click the saved file . 7. What will happen? 8. Try different vdc, district headquarters, roads etc. 9. Try to add all layers in Arc Globe also. 10. Close the Arc Map.

Digitizing from Google (Install DNR Garmin)

11. Click on add placemark or add polygon or add path on google earth and digitize required feature and give name.

12. Right click on corresponding layer at places , click on save place as and save that layer in kml format.

13. Open Arc Map , click on DNR Garmin menu and click on open DNR Garmin. 14. Click on file ,set projection, tick on ESRI ,select WGS_1984_UTM_ Zone_26N and click on ok. 15. Click on file,load from file, select kml format ,select your file and click open. 16. Delete first row of file , click on file/save to/Arc map/Shape file ,select shp format and click on

ok. 17. Now you can visualize your feature on Arc map. 18. You can transfer projection system from WGS to modified UTM from toolbox.

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