G.K.BHARAD INST. OF ENGG.

BRACH : C.E.

SUBJECT: COMMUNICATION (2110002)

UNIT 1: BASICS OF COMMUNICATION

CREATED BY: -PAREKH HARDIK

-LODALIYA NAYAN

- KABARIYA SANKET

GUIDED BY: RAHUL SIR

WHAT IS COMMUNICATION ? “COMMUNICATION IS THE ACTIVITY OR THE PROCESS OF EXPRESSING IDEAS AND FEELINGS OR GIVING PEOPLE INFORMATION.”

- OXFORD ADVANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY

BASICALLY, THE WORD ‘COMMUNICATION’ IS DERIVED FROM LATIN ORIGIN WORD ‘COMMUNIS’ WHICH MEANS COMMON OR GENERAL. COMMUNICATION MEANS SHARING, SHARING OUR IDEAS, FEELINGS, INFORMATION, OPINIONS ETC.

IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION SKILL

•COMMUNICATION IS A CENTRAL TO EVERYTHING THAT WE DO.

•OUR SUCCESS OR FAILURE DEPENDS A LOT ON OUR ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY.

•COMMUNICATION IS IMPORTANT IN BUSINESS LIFE AS WELL AS IN DAILY LIFE.

•COMMUNICATION PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN THE WORLD.

•WITHOUT COMMUNICATION NO ORGANISATION CAN SURVIVE.

PROCESS OF COMMUNICATIONIDEA ENCODING •FOR COMMUNICATING WE HAVE TO TRANSFER IDEAS AND THOUGHTS FROM OUR MIND TO THE MIND OF ANOTHER PERSON.

•TO TRANSFER AN IDEA WE MUST USE SYMBOLS LIKE WORDS, SIGNS, PICTURES, SOUND ETC. WHICH IS KNOWN AS IDEA.

SENDER •THE GENERATOR OF THE IDEA IS CONSIDERED AS THE SENDER. •THE SENDER TRIES TO EVALUATE THESE THOUGHTS OR THE IDEAS AND ATTEMPTS TO GIVE A CONCRETE SHAPE IN THE FORM OF COMMONLY ACCEPTED LANGUAGE.

ENCODING •THE PROCESS OF DECODING THE IDEAS INTO COMMONLY ACCEPTED HUMAN LANGUAGE IS KNOWN AS ENCODING.•FOR EXAMPLE, THE WORDING OF THE MESSAGE MAY BE DIFFERENT FOR DIFFERENT METHODS OF COMMUNICATION TO BE USED.

MESSAGE •THE ENCODED IDEA IS CALLED AS MESSAGE. A MESSAGE CAN BE SOME INFORMATION, IDEAS, FEELINGS AND EVENTS ETC.

MEDIUM •THE SENDER SELECTS AN APPROPRIATE MEDIUM FOR SUCCESSFUL TRANSMISSION OF THE MESSAGE. •IF THE SENDOR DOESN’T SELECT THE TRANSMISSION MODE CORRECTLY, MAY BE MANY CHANGES OCCURS FOR MISCOMMUNICATION.

NOISE •IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSMISSION OF MESSAGE, VARIOUS DISTORTION CAN BLOCK THE SMOOTH FLOW OF MESSAGE.THE DISTORTION IS KNOWN AS MESSAGE.

RECEIVER •THE RECEIPENT OF THE MESSAGE IS KNOWN AS RECEIVER.•THE RECEIVER FUNCTIONS ARE, ATTENDING TO THE MESSAGE, INTERPRETING AND EVALUATING THE MESSAGE.

DECODING •THE PROCESS OF INTERPRETATIONOF THE MESSAGE IS CALLED DECODING.

FEEDBACK •THE RESPONSEOR RETURN MESSAGE IS CALLED FEEDBACK.•WHEN THE FEEDBACK IS GOT BY THE SENDER, CYCLE OF COMMUNICATION IS COMPLETED.

COMPONENTS OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

• COMMUNICATION HAS TWO MAJOR TYPES NAMELY, VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

• IN VERBAL COMMUNICATION WORDS ARE USED FOR COMMUNICATION WHILE IN NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION WORDS ARE NOT USED.

• NON- VERBAL COMMUNICATION IS FURTHER DIVIDE INTO FOUR SUB SCETIONS:

KINESIS

PROXIMICS

CHRONOMICS

PARALINGUISTICS

KINESICS IT IS THE NAME GIVEN TO THE STUDY OF THE BODY’S PHYSICAL MOVEMENTS. IN OTHER WORDS, IT IS THE

WAY THE BODY COMMUNICATES WITHOUT WORDS. FOR EXAMPLE, NODDING YOUR HEAD, BLINKING YOURR EYES, SHRUGGING YOUR SHOULDERS, WAVING THE HANDS, SMILE ETC.

PROXIMICS PROXIMIC WORD IS DERIVED FROM ‘PROXIMITY’ WHICH MEANS NEARNESS AND PROXIMIC MEANS DISTANCE. THE USE OF

PROPER DISTANCE IS VERY MUCH IMPORTANT FOR YOUR PRESENTATION. FOR EXAMPLE, YOUR GESTURE SHOULD BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SPACE AVAILABLE. WHEN YOU HAVE PLENTY OF SPACE AVAILABLE YOU MOVE MORE BOLDLY AND EXPAND YOUR GESTURES BUT WHILE YOU ARE SEATED IN A CHAIR, USE MILDER GESTURES. EDWARD.T.HALL DIVIDES THE SPACE INTO FOUR DISTINCT ZONES :

INTIMATE DISTANCE : THIS ZONE STARTS WITH PERSONAL TOUCH AND EXTENDS JUST 18 INCHES. FOR EXAMPLE, MEMBER OF FAMILY, RELATIVES, HUSBAND AND WIFE, LOVERS AND PARENTS.

PERSONAL DISTANCE : THIS ZONE EXTENDS 18 INCHES – 4 FEET . FOR EXAMPLE, YOUR CLOSE FRIENDS,COLLEAGUES AND PEERS.

SOCIAL DISTANCE : THIS ZONE EXTENDS 4 FEET – 12 FEET . IN THIS ZONE RELATIONSHIPS ARE MORE OFFICIAL.

PUBLIC DISTANCE : THIS ZONE STARTS FROM 12 FEET – 30 FEET OR TO THE RANGE OF EYESIGHT. THE AUDIENCE IS FREE TO DO WHATEVER IT FEEKS. HERE THE SPEAKER HAS TO USE A MICROPHONE. FOR EXAMPLE, THE PRIMEMINISTER OF A COUNTRY HAVE TO MAINTAIN HIS DISTANCE FOR SECURITY REASONS.

CHRONOMICS IT IS RELATED TO OUR USE OF TIME. SILENCE PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN

COMMUNICATION.SILENCE IS CONSIDERED AS A LANGUAGE OF MANY INNOCANCE, HOW DO YOU COMMUNICATE WITH OTHERS. FOR EXAMPLE, IN LATIN COUNTRIES, MEETINGS USUALLY BEGIN 12 AFTER THERE APPOINTED TIME. EVERYONE KNOWS THIS, IT IS TRADITION AND NO ONE IS OFFERED BY THE DELAY.

PARALINGUISTICS IT DEALS WITH VOCAL QUALITIES AS VOLUME, PITCH, RATE, PRONUNCIATION AND

INTONATION PATTERNS. YOUR VOICE IS YOUR IDANTITY, IT IS THAT PART OF YOURSELF THAT ADDS HUMAN TOUCH TO YOUR WORDS. THERFORE, YOU MAY FIND IT USEFUL TO UNDERSTAND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF VOICE.

VOLUME : IT IS THE LOUDNESS OR SOFTNESS OF THE VOICE. YOUR VOICE SHOULD BE LOUD BUT DID NOT ALWAYS BE LOUD. FOR EXAMPLE : IF THE PLACE YOU ARE SPEAKING IN IS LARGE AND OPEN, THE VOLUME SHOULD BE HIGH, AND IF THE PLACE IS SMALL THE VOLUME SHOULD BE LOW.

PITCH : IT REFERS TO THE NUMBER OF VIBRATIONS PER SECOND OF YOUR VOICE.

RATE : IT IS THE NUMBER OF WORDS WHICH YOU SPEAK PER MINUTE. IT VARIES FROM PERSON TO PERSON AND FROM 80-250 WORDS PER MINUTE. THE NORMAL RATE IS FROM 120-150 WORDS PER MINUTE.

PRONUNCIATION : IT REQUIRES US TO SPEAK OUT SOUNDS IN A WAY THAT IS GENERALLY ACCEPTED. THE BEST WAY IS TO FOLLOW BRITISH PRONUNCIATION. WHENEVER THERE IS CONFUSION, ALWAYS CONSULT A GOOD DICTIONARY AND TRY TO PRONOUNCE IT ACCORDINGLY. FOR EXAMPLE : WORD COMMON ERROR CORRECT

PRONUNCIATION

ARCTIC AR-TIC ARC-TIC

GESTURE GES-TURE JES-TURE

3 TIER 3-TYRE 3-TEAR

GIGANTIC JAI-JAN-TIK JAI-GAN-TIK