Glial cells in Drosophila

18.03.2011Bahar

Drosophila genome

Celniker et al. 2003

Cytogenetic nomenclature

X : 1 - 202L : 21 - 402R : 41 - 603L : 61 - 803R : 81 - 1004 : 101 - 102

Recombination

Meiotic recombination in oogenesis Bigger chance of recombination if the elements

are further apart Shuffled balancer chromosomes to prevent

recombination http://kyotofly.kit.jp/stocks/documents/Balancers.html

ONLY IN FEMALES!

Genetic representation

Ak/Y ; UAS Gal80ts, D::E/ Sco; F gal4, UAS RFP/ TM6b, Tb

XAk/ FM7; ∆B; P{EP}C/ TM3, Act GFP, Serhttp://flybase.org/static_pages/docs/nomenclature/nomenclature3.html

Glia

Non neural cells in CNS and PNS with ectodermic or hematopoietic origin, with the homeostasis function

Glia: Neuron1:1 Drosophila10:1 Mammals

Drosophila development atlas by Volker Hartenstein http://www.sdbonline.org/fly/atlas/00atlas.htm

Glial cells

Ransaohoff, 2010

Embryonic development

CNS: Lateral and midline glia. Neurons arise from neuroblasts and gmc. Glia arise from glioblast and neuroglioblast

Lateral glia development initiated by gcm. (transcription factor)

repo downstream of gcm, another transcription factor

Knoblich 2001

Embryonic development

Commissures and bundles

Bashaw 2010

AxonsNeurons

Banerjee 2007

Larval glia

NMJs Brain Imaginal discs Zuo

2008

Aigouy 2004Soustelle 2007

Bristles

Neumüller 2009

Useful drivers Repo gal4 (aka M1B): pan glial driver. CNS

and PNS entire glia, starting from early embryonic development, continues after terminal differentiation. Larval and adult glia.

Gcm gal4: embryonic glial driver. neuroglioblast/glioblast-specific driver, limited to development. Restricted expression in larva.

Glial drivers Mz97 gal4: embryonic and larval glia (Read,

2009). Peripheral and wrapping glia. But it’s not restricted to glia.

Nrv2 gal4: embryonic to adult CNS glial (Read, 2009)

Eaat gal4: larval cortex glia in CNS, perisynaptic glia in PNS (Read, 2009)

Glial drivers

Moody gal4, surface glia in CNS (Lievens, 2008)

Rhomboid gal4, embryonic mesectodermal/midline glial driver

Gliotactin gal4, peripheral glia, for NMJs (Lavery, 2007)

Gal4-NP577, cortex glia (PNS) (Kato, 2008)

Glial drivers

MZ709, embryonic and first star larval, peripheral glia (Lavery, 2007)

158 gal4, lateral glial driver

New tools for gliahttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/glia.21133/full