Upload
gaille
View
19
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Global connections Unit 3. Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire The Frankish Kingdoms. The Early Middle Ages 500-1000 AD. Characteristics (a dark age?) Culture 3 elements (German, Christian, Roman) How did the Church survive as the Empire fell? Autonomy (courts and law) Leadership - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Global connections Unit 3Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire
The Frankish Kingdoms
The Early Middle Ages500-1000 AD
• Characteristics (a dark age?)• Culture
• 3 elements (German, Christian, Roman)• How did the Church survive as the Empire fell?
• Autonomy (courts and law)• Leadership• Organization
Life after Rome476 AD: Western Roman Empire falls Europe is chaotic Barbarian tribes established Kingdoms
throughout Europe Franks in France Angles, Saxons and Jutes in Britain
The Expanded Role of the Clergy Early Caesaropapism: Popes of this time were
forced to assume both temporal and spiritual authority Pope Gregory the Great (590-614) (Chant)
exercised independent Temporal power (ex: helped the poor) Fostered the monastic movement in Western Europe
St. Benedict (Monte Cassino 529): The rules for monastic life
The Role of Monks and Nuns Manuscript illumination Missionary work (St. Boniface) Hospitals, education of farmers
Germanic Culture Oral tradition Rural not urban Legal system
Trial by ordeal Customs
Polygamy Incest
Manuscript Illumination
The Frankish Kingdom Clovis
Allied with the Roman Catholic Church and united Frankish Kingdoms in 496
Began the Merovingian Dynasty On his death years of civil war and the empire
divided into 3 parts Result: Emergence of a noble warrior class and a
new position Mayor of the Palace
Europe in 526 AD
The Carolingians Began as a Mayors of the Palace
Restructured the Frankish lands Pippin of Landon, Pippin II, Charles Martel, Pippin III
(or “The Short”) Charles Martel 714-741: Battle of Tours (732) The end of the Merovingians
Pippin III (the short): Asked the Pope to name him “King of the Franks”
1st Carolingian King of the Franks
Biographical Information Born April 2, 742 in Aix-la-
Chapelle, France Son of Pepin III Hunting, riding, and singing Christian upbringing 4 legal wives and 6
concubines Many children only 3
reached adulthood
Scholarship He Studied Logic, Rhetoric,
Dialects He could read Latin but could
not write Sponsored education by establishing
Cathedral schools (most imp?) At his court in Aachen (aka. Aix-
Le-Chapelle) Charlemagne assembled scholars Alcuin of Northumbria Einhard (Vita Caroli)
Charles as Emperor Charlemagne and Carloman (his brother)
assumed the throne in 768 When Carloman-died 771 Charles becomes the
sole ruler Saved Papacy from Lombards 773-774 Defeated the Byzantines and the Avars Used fear and his incredible energy to control
his Empire 4,000 Saxons killed at Verdun in one day
The Empire of Charlemagne
Organization of the Empire Delegated authority to local Counts Checked on what they were doing using a
system of Missi Dominici (agents of the King) One clergy one layman (every year)
He sought to awe conquered peoples with his fierce presence and terrible justice
Battle of Roncesvalles 778
On way home form Spain his rear guard was
ambushed by Basques or Saracens Charlemagne’s only defeat
Roland became a great hero of many songs, dances, and romances (The Song of Roland)
The Coronation of Charlemagne Christmas Day 800
Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor
This event solidifies his identity as a man of Frankish practices and Christian ideals
Benefits for Charles? The Church? Did he know?