Global Internet Governance Is it possible?

Global Internet Global Internet Governance Governance

Is it possible?Is it possible?

www.derekwyatt.co.ukwww.derekwyatt.co.uk


USSR Sputnik USSR Sputnik

44thth October 1957 October 1957

1950s Cold War1950s Cold War


Concern in Pentagon about Concern in Pentagon about whether Sputnik could whether Sputnik could

launch nuclear weapons.launch nuclear weapons.


Advanced Research Projects Agency Advanced Research Projects Agency NetworkNetwork

UCLA, Stanford, UC Santa Barbara and UCLA, Stanford, UC Santa Barbara and UtahUtah

ARPA begat ARPAnet ARPA begat ARPAnet

2929thth October 1969 October 1969 first email message first email message sent (40 years this year)sent (40 years this year)


Technology used was a “packet Technology used was a “packet switch”switch”

First paper on packet switching by First paper on packet switching by Leonard Klienrock in 1961Leonard Klienrock in 1961

Formed core of internet technologyFormed core of internet technology Conventional circuit based Conventional circuit based

technology (telephony) required a technology (telephony) required a dedicated dedicated sender receiver networksender receiver network


Importance of packet Importance of packet switching meant if telephony switching meant if telephony closed down by overseas closed down by overseas operatives (Cold War) it could operatives (Cold War) it could still work as an still work as an independent independent network.network.


Fall of Berlin Wall 9Fall of Berlin Wall 9thth November 1989 November 1989

Cold War began to thaw so was Cold War began to thaw so was ARPAnet really needed?ARPAnet really needed?


ARPAnet set free into ARPAnet set free into cyberspacecyberspace

JANET/SuperJANET UK JANET/SuperJANET UK academic linksacademic links


Suddenly:Suddenly: 1994 World Wide Web (Sir Tim 1994 World Wide Web (Sir Tim

Berners Lee)Berners Lee) 1995 Netscape browser1995 Netscape browser Browser WarsBrowser Wars ICANN (Internet Corporation for ICANN (Internet Corporation for

Assigned Names and Numbers)Assigned Names and Numbers)


World Internet Users by Regions


UNO – World Summit on Information Summit

Geneva – 2003

Tunis – 2005


Alternatives to ICANN

2006 - China announces its own versions ;(creates its own domestic system: not available when travelling overseas)

2006 Arab countries follow suit


WSIS begat

Internet Governance Forum

2006 Athens

2007 Rio

20082008HyderabadHyderabad

20082008 CairoCairo

20092009 LithuaniaLithuania

Talk ShopTalk Shop


Participants in 2007 and 2008

United States of America, 134

France, 49

United Kingdom of Great Britain and

Northern Ireland, 41

Japan, 37

China, 35

Germany, 35

Italy, 31

Russian Federation, 31

Canada, 30

Argentina, 25


G8 Subjects covered since 1997G8 Subjects covered since 1997

1997 Cyber terrorism1997 Cyber terrorism

1998 Fraud and Y2K1998 Fraud and Y2K

1999 Distance Learning1999 Distance Learning

2000 Main Summit Agenda Digital opportunities2000 Main Summit Agenda Digital opportunities

2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, IT 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, IT not not in Main Summit in Main Summit

2009 Berlusconi plans to use Italy’s G8 Presidency to 2009 Berlusconi plans to use Italy’s G8 Presidency to “regulate the Internet” (“regulate the Internet” (TelecomsTelecoms, 3/12/08), 3/12/08)


Meanwhile:Meanwhile:

Child SafetyChild Safety

Internet Watch FoundationInternet Watch Foundation Childnet InternationalChildnet International FOSIFOSI Byron ReportByron Report


Types of Regulation UKTypes of Regulation UK

a)a) Statutory – Sexual Offences Act 2003 (UK)Statutory – Sexual Offences Act 2003 (UK)b)b) Self regulation – IWF, ISPsSelf regulation – IWF, ISPsc)c) Individual regulation – filteringIndividual regulation – filteringd)d) Home Office, Ofcom and British Standards Institution Home Office, Ofcom and British Standards Institution

‘Kitemark for Child Safety Online’ standard for ‘Kitemark for Child Safety Online’ standard for softwaresoftware

EU spent €45m 2005-2006 Safer Internet plus ProgrammeEU spent €45m 2005-2006 Safer Internet plus ProgrammeEU announced €55m 2009-2013 Safer Internet plus ProgrammeEU announced €55m 2009-2013 Safer Internet plus Programme


G8 8-10 July 2009. G8 8-10 July 2009. L’Aquila,ItalyL’Aquila,Italy

(Science and Technology (Science and Technology Ministerial Meeting Ministerial Meeting 22-24 June 2009)22-24 June 2009)

Is Berlusconi serious?Is Berlusconi serious?

Some recognition of importance of Intellectual Some recognition of importance of Intellectual Property rightsProperty rights


Internet Regulation currently Internet Regulation currently resides in WTOresides in WTO

A discredited organisation?A discredited organisation?


Can we regulate the internet?Can we regulate the internet?

YES WE CAN


HOW?HOW?

Documents

Global Internet Governance Is it possible?