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© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
1
How does the world perceive our changing environment?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Global Views on the Environment – 2018
© 2018 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
2
Which environmental issues are most concerning to citizens?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Environmental Issues
© 2018 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
30%
30%
30%
24%
24%
23%
21%
14%
14%
14%
13%
12%
12%
11%
6%
6%
2%
Global warming or climate change
Air pollution
Dealing with waste
Water pollution
Future energy sources and supplies
Deforestation
Natural resource depletion
Overpopulation
Wildlife conservation
Poor quality drinking water
Future food sources and supplies
Emissions
Flooding
Over-packaging of consumer goods
Soil erosion
Don't know
None of these
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
[TOPIC] is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders?
Top environmental issues around the world
• Across the world, global warming/climate change, air pollution, and dealing with waste are the top three environmental issues of concern.
• Meanwhile, soil erosion, over-packaged consumer goods, flooding, and emissions are reported as less concerning issues.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
Top Issues in Each Country
WORLD
ARG
BEL
MEX
POL
RUS
SAU
ZAF
KOR
SWE
TUR
HUN
AUS
BRA
CAN
CHN
FRA
DEU
GBR
I ND
I TA
J PN
ESP
USA
PER
CHL
MYS
ROU
SRB
Global warming 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 2 3 2
Air pollution 1 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 3 3
Water pollution 3 1 2 2 3 1 2
Overpopulation 2 3 3
Dealing with waste 1 3 3 1 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 1 1 2 3 2 2 1
Emissions 2
De-forestation 1 2 1 1 3 1
Soil erosion
Wildlife conservation
Depletion of natural resources
2 2 2 2
Over-packaging of consumer goods
Poor quality drinking water
1 3
Flooding 2 1
Future energy supplies and sources
2 1 1 1 3 2 2 1 3
Future food supplies and sources
3
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders?
Top environmental issues around the world
• Global warming, air pollution, and dealing with waste tie for the top issue around the world.
• These issues are also mentioned as a top-three issue in the most countries.
• De-forestation is only a top-three issue in six countries. But for countries who label it a top-three issue, it is most likely to be the most pressing issue.
30%
45%
44%
40%
39%
39%
37%
37%
37%
36%
36%
35%
35%
33%
32%
32%
29%
29%
28%
26%
24%
24%
24%
23%
22%
21%
20%
14%
10%
World
Spain
South Korea
France
Peru
Canada
Sweden
Chile
United States
Germany
India
Australia
Japan
Hungary
Mexico
Malaysia
Turkey
Great Britain
Italy
Belgium
South Africa
Brazil
China
Romania
Saudi Arabia
Poland
Argentina
Serbia
Russia
Global warming or climate change is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Global warming
Global warming or climate change
• Global warming, or climate change, is the observation that the Earth has seen an average global temperature increase over recent centuries. Scientists expect these changes to have a corresponding effect on the weather and climate systems of the Earth.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
30%
61%
57%
57%
42%
41%
39%
39%
38%
36%
35%
35%
34%
34%
32%
30%
27%
24%
22%
22%
21%
21%
20%
19%
17%
14%
13%
10%
9%
World
South Korea
Poland
China
India
Chile
Russia
Hungary
Belgium
Italy
Spain
France
Mexico
Serbia
Romania
Malaysia
Germany
Peru
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Brazil
United States
Great Britain
Canada
Argentina
Sweden
Japan
South Africa
Australia
Air pollution is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Air pollution
Air pollution
• Air pollution refers to the existence of harmful or excessive quantities of gases or particulates in the atmosphere.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
30%
49%
46%
44%
43%
38%
37%
35%
35%
35%
34%
32%
31%
31%
30%
30%
30%
29%
28%
27%
25%
24%
22%
22%
20%
18%
17%
14%
11%
World
Serbia
Great Britain
Russia
Italy
Hungary
South Korea
Australia
Japan
Canada
Romania
Sweden
Argentina
France
United States
Spain
Belgium
Brazil
China
Chile
Poland
Peru
South Africa
Germany
Saudi Arabia
India
Malaysia
Mexico
Turkey
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Dealing with waste
Dealing with waste
• As global income increases, so too will the demand for goods and the waste generated from their production and use.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
24%
43%
42%
41%
41%
36%
35%
31%
31%
28%
27%
27%
25%
25%
24%
22%
21%
18%
18%
18%
16%
16%
13%
13%
12%
12%
10%
8%
8%
World
Peru
Serbia
Mexico
Brazil
China
Argentina
Russia
Italy
Romania
Chile
India
South Africa
Hungary
Malaysia
Canada
South Korea
Sweden
Poland
United States
Saudi Arabia
France
Spain
Turkey
Australia
Germany
Belgium
Great Britain
Japan
Water pollution is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Water pollution
Water pollution
• Water pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies. Usually, contaminants are introduced by human activities such as farming or waste production.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
24%
43%
40%
39%
32%
31%
30%
29%
29%
28%
27%
27%
27%
27%
25%
25%
24%
24%
22%
21%
21%
20%
16%
15%
15%
12%
11%
8%
7%
World
Japan
Australia
Sweden
Belgium
Saudi Arabia
Germany
Great Britain
Turkey
South Africa
South Korea
Italy
Hungary
United States
Argentina
Spain
Poland
Canada
Chile
Malaysia
China
Serbia
Romania
India
France
Mexico
Peru
Russia
Brazil
Future energy sources and supplies are a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Future energy sources and supplies
Future energy sources and supplies
• Some energy sources take millions of years to develop and are depleted after one use.
• Energy use of this form has a finite supply, whether it be in the short term or the long term.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
23%
70%
49%
49%
42%
39%
38%
31%
29%
27%
26%
24%
24%
22%
20%
18%
16%
14%
14%
14%
12%
12%
12%
11%
9%
9%
8%
6%
6%
World
Romania
Turkey
Brazil
Argentina
Peru
Poland
Mexico
Chile
Spain
India
Serbia
Malaysia
Hungary
Belgium
Saudi Arabia
Canada
Russia
Australia
Japan
Italy
United States
France
South Korea
Great Britain
Germany
Sweden
South Africa
China
Deforestation is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Deforestation
Deforestation
• In recent years, the Romanian government has been forced to take policy action combatting widespread illegal logging.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
21%
39%
37%
35%
29%
27%
27%
25%
25%
24%
23%
23%
23%
22%
22%
20%
20%
20%
18%
18%
17%
16%
16%
14%
14%
12%
10%
10%
9%
World
Turkey
Chile
Mexico
Spain
South Africa
China
Saudi Arabia
Peru
France
United States
Brazil
Canada
Argentina
Australia
Romania
Malaysia
Serbia
Germany
Japan
Italy
India
Russia
Great Britain
Hungary
Sweden
Poland
South Korea
Belgium
Natural resource depletion is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Natural resource depletion
Natural resource depletion
• Natural resource depletion is a difficult discussion topic.
• On the one hand natural resources are finite and rarely replenish at a sustainable rate compared to their demand.
• On the other hand, though, they are necessary to produce goods and services needed across the entire global population.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
14%
33%
32%
30%
29%
25%
19%
18%
18%
15%
14%
14%
14%
13%
13%
13%
11%
10%
9%
8%
8%
7%
7%
6%
5%
4%
4%
3%
1%
World
South Africa
Turkey
India
Great Britain
Australia
Mexico
Peru
Belgium
United States
China
Saudi Arabia
Chile
Sweden
France
Germany
South Korea
Poland
Malaysia
Italy
Canada
Spain
Argentina
Brazil
Japan
Hungary
Russia
Serbia
Romania
Overpopulation is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Overpopulation
Overpopulation
• As the global population grows, so too will competition for space and resources.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
14%
25%
24%
23%
23%
22%
22%
22%
19%
19%
18%
16%
15%
15%
14%
14%
13%
12%
12%
11%
11%
10%
8%
7%
7%
7%
6%
6%
5%
World
Sweden
France
Belgium
Russia
Australia
Canada
Germany
South Africa
United States
Great Britain
Poland
Argentina
Saudi Arabia
Mexico
Peru
Brazil
Chile
Hungary
Malaysia
Spain
India
Romania
Turkey
China
Italy
Serbia
Japan
South Korea
Wildlife conservation is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Wildlife conservation
Wildlife conservation
• According to the World Wildlife Foundation, the number of wild animals on Earth has halved in the past 40 years.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
14%
44%
35%
26%
21%
21%
19%
18%
18%
17%
16%
15%
15%
14%
13%
12%
12%
11%
10%
9%
9%
9%
7%
7%
6%
5%
5%
3%
2%
World
South Africa
Serbia
Russia
Hungary
India
United States
Saudi Arabia
China
Mexico
Brazil
Peru
Malaysia
Argentina
Chile
Canada
Italy
Poland
Turkey
Sweden
Romania
Spain
Belgium
France
Germany
Australia
South Korea
Great Britain
Japan
Poor quality drinking water is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Poor quality drinking water
Poor quality drinking water
• Cape Town, South Africa has been mired in a three-year drought.
• This drought and the infrastructure within Cape Town has citizens facing a real possibility of not having clean water for daily use in the near future.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
13%
30%
28%
22%
18%
17%
17%
17%
16%
16%
14%
14%
14%
13%
12%
12%
10%
10%
10%
9%
7%
7%
6%
6%
6%
6%
6%
6%
5%
World
South Africa
Japan
Turkey
United States
Malaysia
Sweden
Saudi Arabia
China
Australia
Canada
Serbia
Russia
Belgium
South Korea
Great Britain
India
Germany
Hungary
France
Italy
Argentina
Peru
Romania
Chile
Poland
Spain
Mexico
Brazil
Future food sources and supplies are a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Future food sources and supplies
Future food sources and supplies
• The global population is expected to continue growing and to need to produce greater and greater quantities of food.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
12%
41%
24%
23%
20%
20%
17%
15%
14%
12%
12%
12%
11%
11%
10%
10%
10%
10%
9%
9%
8%
6%
6%
6%
6%
5%
4%
3%
2%
World
Russia
Hungary
South Korea
Poland
Sweden
Spain
Italy
Germany
China
Romania
France
Great Britain
Saudi Arabia
Belgium
Canada
India
United States
Australia
Chile
Mexico
Brazil
South Africa
Serbia
Japan
Peru
Turkey
Argentina
Malaysia
Emissions are a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Emissions
Emissions
• A common example of an emission can be seen in the gas discharged from a car’s tailpipe.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
12%
39%
37%
25%
20%
20%
14%
14%
13%
12%
11%
9%
9%
9%
9%
9%
9%
8%
8%
8%
7%
7%
6%
6%
6%
5%
4%
3%
2%
World
Argentina
Malaysia
Serbia
Peru
Romania
Brazil
Great Britain
Hungary
France
Belgium
Mexico
Italy
Saudi Arabia
Poland
India
Japan
South Africa
Canada
Russia
Australia
United States
Germany
Spain
Chile
Sweden
Turkey
China
South Korea
Flooding is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Flooding
Flooding
• The World Resources Institute estimates that 4.24% of the world’s population is exposed to river flood risk.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
11%
28%
27%
26%
22%
20%
18%
17%
13%
12%
12%
12%
11%
11%
11%
10%
9%
9%
8%
7%
6%
6%
5%
5%
5%
4%
4%
2%
2%
World
Great Britain
Sweden
Germany
Belgium
France
Poland
Canada
China
Australia
Brazil
Malaysia
Spain
South Korea
Japan
Italy
United States
Saudi Arabia
Hungary
Russia
India
Serbia
Romania
Chile
Turkey
Mexico
Argentina
South Africa
Peru
The over-packaging of consumer goods is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Over-packaging of consumer goods
Over-packaging of consumer goods
• In a world that is increasingly reliant on e-commerce and shipping, overpackaged goods run the risk of creating unnecessary waste.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
6%
16%
13%
11%
11%
10%
7%
7%
7%
7%
6%
6%
6%
6%
5%
5%
5%
5%
4%
4%
4%
3%
3%
3%
2%
2%
2%
2%
1%
World
Malaysia
Italy
China
Turkey
Argentina
India
Chile
Mexico
Belgium
Romania
Brazil
Poland
Australia
Saudi Arabia
France
Peru
Spain
Japan
United States
Serbia
Hungary
South Africa
South Korea
Canada
Sweden
Germany
Great Britain
Russia
Soil erosion is a top three environmental issue
Q. In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing [COUNTRY] today? That is, the top environmental issues you feel should receive the greatest attention from your local leaders? – Soil erosion
Soil erosion
• Soil erosion refers to the removal of the Earth’s topsoil, the most fertile, uppermost layer of the ground.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
20
How do citizens perceive climate change?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Climate Change
© 2018 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
87%
97%
96%
95%
94%
94%
93%
92%
92%
91%
90%
90%
90%
89%
89%
88%
87%
85%
85%
85%
82%
81%
80%
79%
78%
76%
76%
75%
75%
7%
2%
2%
3%
4%
4%
5%
3%
4%
6%
5%
7%
6%
6%
7%
5%
7%
8%
7%
9%
8%
10%
8%
10%
11%
10%
11%
15%
6%
7%
1%2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
4%
5%
4%
5%
4%
5%
5%
5%
7%
6%
7%
8%
7%
11%
9%
12%
11%
10%
14%
13%
10%
19%
World
Chile
Peru
Argentina
Serbia
Turkey
Hungary
Mexico
China
Malaysia
Russia
South Africa
Romania
India
Spain
South Korea
Poland
Sweden
Italy
Canada
Great Britain
Brazil
Saudi Arabia
Belgium
France
Germany
Australia
United States
Japan
Yes – I think that the world’s climate is changing
Q. As far as you know, do you think the world’s climate is changing or not?
Perceiving climate change
No – I do not think that the world’s climate is changing
Don’t know
• The vast majority of the world’s population believe climate change is occurring in some capacity.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
4%
6%
7%
1%2%
3%
6%
3%
5%
4%
5%
3%
2%3%
9%2%
1%
3%
1%
4%
8%
3%
2%2%
3%
7%
2%2%
4%
5%
11%
9%
5%
4%
5%
5%
4%
7%
7%
6%
7%
4%
3%
12%
7%
3%
3%
3%
4%
9%
6%
4%
4%
4%
4%
3%
3%
4%
28%
38%37%
37%
36%
34%
33%
33%
31%
31%
31%
30%
29%
28%
28%
28%
28%
27%
27%
26%
25%
25%
24%
24%
23%
21%
21%
21%
17%
34%
29%
22%
39%
34%
35%
29%
45%
32%
35%
31%
24%
37%
34%
21%
44%
38%
33%
42%
27%
27%
32%
39%
32%
37%
39%
42%
28%
37%
22%
11%
11%
16%
18%
12%
23%
13%
12%
15%
20%
14%
12%
30%
18%
13%
28%
32%
20%
34%
26%
30%
23%
27%
29%
26%
30%
42%
28%
1%
1%
6%
1%
3%
1%
1%
3%
2%
1%
2%
2%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
World
Poland
United States
Hungary
Belgium
Great Britain
South Africa
China
Australia
Canada
Russia
Japan
Germany
Chile
Saudi Arabia
Sweden
Serbia
Peru
Spain
Malaysia
India
South Korea
Italy
France
Argentina
Romania
Mexico
Turkey
Brazil
Q. Thinking about the causes of climate change, which, if any, of the following best describes your opinion?
Natural or human caused?
• Most global citizens agree that climate change is at least partly caused by human activity.
Climate change is entirely a natural process
Climate change is mostly a natural process
Climate change is partly a natural process and partly human caused
Climate change is mainly caused by human activity
Climate change is entirely human caused
Climate change does not exist
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
23
How can we deal with products like plastic and packaging that are non-recyclable?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Non-Recyclable Product Waste
© 2018 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
24
How concerned is the world with non-recyclable product waste?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Non-Recyclable Product Waste
© 2018 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
80%
90%
90%
89%
88%
87%
87%
87%
86%
85%
84%
84%
83%
82%
80%
80%
80%
80%
80%
79%
79%
77%
76%
76%
75%
75%
71%
61%
60%
14%
5%
7%
8%
10%
11%
12%
10%
9%
12%
8%
11%
16%
15%
10%
15%
15%
13%
13%
17%
16%
14%
18%
20%
19%
20%
23%
26%
23%
6%
5%
4%
3%
2%
3%
1%
3%
5%
3%
8%
5%
2%
3%
10%
5%
5%
7%
7%
4%
5%
9%
5%
3%
6%
6%
6%
13%
17%
World
South Korea
Malaysia
South Africa
Serbia
Peru
Chile
India
Turkey
Mexico
Brazil
Great Britain
Argentina
China
France
Belgium
Canada
Australia
Italy
Russia
Spain
Germany
Sweden
Hungary
United States
Romania
Poland
Saudi Arabia
Japan
Q. Some people have recently been discussing the effects on the environment of plastic packaging, plastic bags, and other disposable objects which cannot be recycled. How concerned, if at all, would you say you are about this issue?
Concern with the use of disposable, non-recyclable products
Concerned Not concerned Don’t know
• Plastic straws, for example, are given by default in nearly every drink purchased at a restaurant, then thrown away.
• These straws are non-recyclable and take 200 years to degrade.
• In general, citizens across the world are at least somewhat concerned with the overuse of disposable, non-recyclable products.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
26
What kind of policy action should be taken?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Non-Recyclable Product Waste
© 2018 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
45%
31%
28%
23%
23%
22%
12%
7%
Forcing government spending to improve the range of recyclable
items
Taxing shops that use these products
Taxing these products to increase their price
The government "naming and shaming" shops that use a lot of
these products
Public information campaigning
Fining households that do not recycle enough
Don't know
None of these
Q. Which if any of the following do you think would be effective at reducing the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled?
Potential policy actions
This policy would be effective in reducing the use of non-recyclable products
• A plurality of global respondents believe increased government spending would help reduce the use of non-recyclable products.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
45%
67%
66%
64%
59%
57%
54%
53%
53%
52%
48%
48%
46%
44%
43%
42%
41%
40%
40%
40%
38%
38%
38%
36%
33%
32%
32%
23%
21%
World
Chile
Russia
Mexico
Argentina
Serbia
China
Peru
South Africa
Romania
Sweden
India
Spain
Turkey
Great Britain
Poland
Hungary
Australia
Canada
Italy
Belgium
Brazil
Saudi Arabia
France
South Korea
United States
Malaysia
Germany
Japan
Q. Which if any of the following do you think would be effective at reducing the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? – Forcing local government to spend more on recycling so that a wider range of items can be recycled
Government investment to improve recycling
This policy would be effective in reducing the use of non-recyclable products
• Increasing government investment in recycling would require a tax increase, a decrease in funding for another sector, a loan from another country.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
31%
45%
44%
43%
40%
39%
37%
37%
36%
36%
35%
34%
32%
32%
31%
30%
30%
30%
30%
30%
29%
28%
27%
27%
24%
21%
19%
18%
17%
World
China
Great Britain
Chile
India
Peru
Romania
Argentina
Turkey
Serbia
Belgium
France
Mexico
Spain
Malaysia
Canada
Australia
South Africa
South Korea
Germany
Poland
Sweden
Saudi Arabia
Hungary
Italy
United States
Russia
Brazil
Japan
Q. Which if any of the following do you think would be effective at reducing the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? – Higher taxes on supermarkets and shops which use a lot of packaging that cannot be recycled
Higher taxes on supermarkets and shops using a lot of non-recyclable packaging
This policy would be effective in reducing the use of non-recyclable products
• Increasing taxes on supermarkets or shops that use a lot of this kind of packaging would incentivize these businesses to find alternative products or to raise their prices.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
28%
47%
42%
41%
37%
37%
37%
35%
34%
33%
31%
30%
28%
28%
27%
27%
27%
26%
26%
25%
25%
24%
22%
20%
20%
19%
18%
15%
14%
World
China
Great Britain
India
Chile
South Korea
Sweden
Argentina
Peru
Serbia
Australia
Turkey
South Africa
Germany
Poland
Romania
Canada
Malaysia
Mexico
Spain
United States
Belgium
Saudi Arabia
Japan
Hungary
Italy
France
Brazil
Russia
Q. Which if any of the following do you think would be effective at reducing the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? – A tax on containers such as plastic drinks, bottles, and disposable coffee cups that cannot be recycled to increase their price
Taxing non-recyclables
This policy would be effective in reducing the use of non-recyclable products
• Taxing non-recyclable containers would put the onus of reduction on the consumers of these goods.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
23%
45%
39%
37%
33%
33%
30%
29%
29%
28%
27%
24%
23%
21%
21%
21%
20%
18%
18%
17%
17%
16%
16%
16%
15%
13%
11%
11%
10%
World
Peru
Turkey
India
Saudi Arabia
Malaysia
Chile
Mexico
Poland
China
Brazil
Romania
Argentina
Serbia
Australia
South Africa
South Korea
Sweden
Great Britain
Spain
Italy
Hungary
United States
Belgium
Canada
France
Russia
Germany
Japan
Q. Which if any of the following do you think would be effective at reducing the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? – A public information campaign funded by taxpayers’ money to tell people about the issue
Public information campaign
This policy would be effective in reducing the use of non-recyclable products
• A public information campaign seeks to educate consumers and producers about the consequences of their actions in the hope of changing behaviour without a financial incentive
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
23%
40%
38%
37%
37%
37%
34%
33%
30%
29%
26%
25%
25%
23%
23%
22%
21%
20%
20%
19%
18%
15%
14%
14%
12%
11%
11%
10%
9%
World
Chile
Great Britain
Peru
India
Turkey
China
Argentina
Russia
Mexico
France
South Africa
Romania
Spain
Australia
Saudi Arabia
Canada
Brazil
Germany
Malaysia
Belgium
Italy
Serbia
Poland
South Korea
United States
Japan
Sweden
Hungary
Q. Which if any of the following do you think would be effective at reducing the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? – The government “naming and shaming” supermarkets and shops which use a lot of packaging that cannot be recycled
The government “naming and shaming” bad businesses
This policy would be effective in reducing the use of non-recyclable products
• “Naming and shaming” culpable businesses could incentivize decreased use if the negative publicity begins to have an effect on sales.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
22%
37%
35%
35%
31%
28%
28%
28%
28%
27%
25%
24%
23%
23%
22%
21%
21%
20%
20%
19%
19%
17%
15%
15%
14%
13%
13%
12%
12%
World
China
India
Malaysia
Turkey
Peru
South Korea
Mexico
Italy
Brazil
Romania
Chile
South Africa
Great Britain
Argentina
Saudi Arabia
Serbia
Poland
France
Canada
Germany
Belgium
United States
Hungary
Japan
Australia
Spain
Sweden
Russia
Q. Which if any of the following do you think would be effective at reducing the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? – Big fines for householders who do not recycle enough of their rubbish
Fines for households that do not recycle enough
This policy would be effective in reducing the use of non-recyclable products
• A fine policy would require investment in the infrastructure that provides households the opportunity to recycle.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
34
What personal actions are citizens willing to take?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Non-Recyclable Product Waste
© 2018 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
53%
47%
36%
18%
12%
12%
10%
5%
Re-using disposable items
Buy products made from recycled materials
Stop buying goods that have non-recyclable packaging
Stop going to shops that use a lot of non-recyclable packaging
Pay more tax so recycling facilities can be improved
Pay extra for goods without non-recyclable packaging
Don't know
None of these
Q. Which if any of the following would you personally do to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled?
Personal actions around the world
• More than half of global respondents would re-use their disposable items to help cut down on waste.
I would personally do this to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
53%
76%
70%
68%
66%
66%
64%
63%
60%
58%
57%
56%
55%
54%
53%
53%
50%
50%
50%
49%
49%
48%
45%
44%
43%
39%
39%
36%
29%
World
Chile
Mexico
Argentina
Great Britain
South Africa
Peru
Australia
Spain
Canada
United States
Malaysia
Belgium
China
Poland
Sweden
India
Brazil
Romania
Hungary
France
South Korea
Italy
Russia
Germany
Serbia
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Japan
Q. Which if any of the following would you personally do to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? - Re-use disposable items such as plastic bags and plastic bottles
Re-using disposable items
I would personally do this to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled
• National Geographic estimates that 40 percent of plastic produced is used once and then discarded.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
47%
65%
63%
60%
58%
57%
55%
52%
51%
50%
49%
49%
47%
47%
46%
46%
46%
44%
43%
43%
43%
43%
42%
39%
38%
37%
35%
28%
27%
World
Chile
Mexico
Sweden
South Africa
Peru
Argentina
Canada
Australia
India
Great Britain
China
Germany
Spain
Brazil
Turkey
United States
Italy
Romania
Hungary
France
Belgium
Malaysia
Russia
Poland
Serbia
South Korea
Japan
Saudi Arabia
Q. Which if any of the following would you personally do to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? - Buy more products made from recycled materials
Buy products made from recycled materials
I would personally do this to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled
• Every ton of recycled plastic bottles saves 3.8 barrels of oil resources.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
36%
55%
52%
51%
51%
46%
43%
42%
39%
38%
36%
36%
35%
35%
35%
35%
34%
34%
34%
33%
33%
32%
32%
29%
28%
26%
25%
20%
20%
World
Peru
Mexico
Turkey
Sweden
Chile
India
Serbia
Great Britain
Argentina
Belgium
Germany
Australia
Spain
Canada
South Africa
Poland
Italy
Russia
Romania
France
Hungary
Malaysia
China
Saudi Arabia
Brazil
United States
Japan
South Korea
Q. Which if any of the following would you personally do to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? - Stop buying goods that have packaging that cannot be recycled
Stop buying goods that have non-recyclable packaging
I would personally do this to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled
• Styrofoam is an example of a product commonly used in packaging that is also very difficult to recycle.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
18%
40%
31%
30%
23%
22%
22%
21%
20%
20%
20%
20%
19%
19%
18%
18%
17%
16%
16%
16%
15%
14%
14%
13%
12%
11%
10%
10%
9%
World
China
Turkey
India
Peru
Poland
France
Saudi Arabia
Great Britain
Italy
Chile
Hungary
Argentina
Mexico
Sweden
Serbia
Germany
Belgium
Canada
Spain
South Africa
South Korea
Malaysia
Australia
United States
Romania
Brazil
Japan
Russia
Q. Which if any of the following would you personally do to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? - Stop going to supermarkets and shops which use a lot of packaging that cannot be recycled
Stop going to supermarkets and shops that use a lot of non-recyclable packaging
I would personally do this to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled
• This is one of the actions that information campaigns rely on to make change.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
12%
27%
26%
24%
23%
18%
15%
15%
14%
14%
13%
12%
11%
11%
11%
11%
11%
10%
10%
9%
9%
8%
8%
7%
7%
6%
6%
5%
3%
World
China
Turkey
India
Romania
Serbia
Sweden
United States
Saudi Arabia
Poland
Australia
Great Britain
Peru
Chile
Canada
South Africa
Malaysia
Argentina
Brazil
South Korea
Mexico
Germany
Hungary
Russia
Italy
Spain
Belgium
Japan
France
Q. Which if any of the following would you personally do to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? - Pay more tax so recycling facilities can be improved, allowing a wider range of items to be recycled
Pay higher taxes
I would personally do this to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled
• Paying higher taxes would aid the government in recycling facility investment.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
12%
28%
23%
18%
17%
16%
15%
14%
13%
13%
13%
12%
12%
12%
12%
12%
12%
12%
11%
11%
10%
9%
9%
9%
8%
8%
7%
6%
5%
World
India
China
Turkey
Sweden
Saudi Arabia
Romania
Hungary
Australia
United States
Malaysia
Poland
Peru
Chile
Argentina
Germany
Great Britain
South Africa
Serbia
South Korea
Canada
France
Mexico
Brazil
Belgium
Spain
Italy
Japan
Russia
Q. Which if any of the following would you personally do to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled? - Pay extra for goods that have no packaging that cannot be recycled
Pay extra for goods without non-recyclable packaging
I would personally do this to reduce the problems caused by unnecessary use of plastic and packaging that cannot be recycled
• Those who pay extra for goods without non-recyclable packaging are said to be purchasing “utility” in the form of the feeling of environmental responsibility.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
42
Who should lead efforts to reduce non-recyclable product waste?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Non-Recyclable Product Waste
© 2018 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
37%
20%
16%
10%
8%
7%
1%
1%
All of the above equally
Companies that produce packaged goods
Government
Companies that sell packaged goods
Consumers
No opinion/don't know
Nobody has a responsibility
Other
Q. Who if anybody do you believe should take most responsibility for finding a way to reduce the amount of unnecessary packaging which is sold?
Who’s responsible?
This entity should take responsibility
• The plurality of global respondents believe the government, producers, and consumers should work together to take responsibility for the issue.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
37%
52%
52%
49%
49%
48%
48%
48%
44%
43%
43%
42%
39%
39%
37%
36%
36%
34%
34%
34%
34%
32%
31%
26%
26%
23%
23%
22%
21%
World
Serbia
Mexico
Romania
Australia
Canada
Chile
South Africa
Peru
Argentina
Spain
United States
India
Great Britain
Poland
Malaysia
Italy
Sweden
China
Brazil
Russia
South Korea
Hungary
Turkey
Belgium
Germany
France
Japan
Saudi Arabia
Q. Who if anybody do you believe should take most responsibility for finding a way to reduce the amount of unnecessary packaging which is sold? - All of the above equally
All of the above
Everyone should take responsibility
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
20%
38%
33%
33%
30%
29%
28%
26%
23%
22%
22%
20%
19%
19%
19%
18%
17%
17%
16%
15%
15%
15%
14%
14%
13%
12%
12%
10%
8%
World
Russia
France
Hungary
Belgium
Sweden
Germany
Great Britain
South Korea
Saudi Arabia
Canada
United States
Brazil
China
South Africa
Chile
Australia
Argentina
Italy
Poland
Spain
Mexico
Malaysia
Serbia
India
Peru
Romania
Japan
Turkey
Q. Who if anybody do you believe should take most responsibility for finding a way to reduce the amount of unnecessary packaging which is sold? -Companies that produce packaged goods
Packaged good producers
Companies that produce packaged goods should take responsibility
• If packaged good producers took the responsibility, they would need to reduce their production, which would harm profits, or find alternative methods of packaging.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
16%
35%
25%
23%
23%
22%
21%
21%
20%
19%
18%
17%
17%
17%
15%
15%
15%
14%
14%
12%
12%
11%
11%
11%
10%
8%
8%
8%
5%
World
Turkey
Serbia
Malaysia
Spain
Italy
China
Peru
Argentina
Saudi Arabia
India
Poland
Chile
Romania
Belgium
Russia
Brazil
South Africa
South Korea
Australia
Japan
Mexico
Hungary
Great Britain
Germany
France
Canada
United States
Sweden
Q. Who if anybody do you believe should take most responsibility for finding a way to reduce the amount of unnecessary packaging which is sold? -Government
The government
The government should take responsibility
• If the government takes responsibility for the issue, they would need to either invest in infrastructure to improve recycling capacity or create policy to incentivize producers, sellers, or consumers to purchase less of these items.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
10%
19%
16%
16%
14%
13%
13%
13%
12%
11%
11%
10%
10%
10%
9%
9%
8%
8%
8%
8%
8%
7%
6%
6%
6%
6%
6%
5%
5%
World
France
Poland
South Korea
Sweden
Belgium
Germany
China
Great Britain
Saudi Arabia
India
Canada
Japan
Italy
South Africa
Hungary
Mexico
United States
Romania
Australia
Argentina
Chile
Spain
Peru
Russia
Malaysia
Brazil
Turkey
Serbia
Q. Who if anybody do you believe should take most responsibility for finding a way to reduce the amount of unnecessary packaging which is sold? -Companies that sell packaged goods
Sellers of packaged goods
Companies that sell packaged goods should take responsibility
• Sellers of packaged goods are the middlemen. They buy from those who produce packaged goods in order to sell to individual consumers.
• If they take responsibility, they would need to find alternative goods to sell to consumers.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
8%
16%
15%
14%
12%
12%
12%
11%
10%
10%
9%
9%
9%
9%
8%
8%
8%
7%
7%
7%
6%
5%
4%
4%
4%
4%
4%
3%
2%
World
Turkey
Malaysia
Japan
Brazil
Peru
India
Germany
Romania
Sweden
Argentina
Saudi Arabia
United States
South Korea
Mexico
Belgium
Poland
Chile
South Africa
Italy
Hungary
China
Great Britain
Canada
Spain
Australia
France
Serbia
Russia
Q. Who if anybody do you believe should take most responsibility for finding a way to reduce the amount of unnecessary packaging which is sold? -Consumers
Consumers of packaged goods
Consumers should take responsibility
• If consumers bear the responsibility for the issue, they would have to choose to buy from responsible sellers.
• This would then incentivize sellers to become responsible, in turn incentivizing producers to decrease their production of unnecessary packaging.
Base: 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries March 23 – April 6, 2018
www.ipsos-mori.com/
49
• In total 20,794 interviews were conducted between
DATES.
• The survey was conducted in 28 countries around the
world, via the Ipsos Online Panel system in Argentina,
Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, France,
Germany, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico,
Peru, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia,
South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Turkey,
Great Britain, and the USA.
• Approximately 1000 individuals aged 18-65 were
surveyed in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France,
Italy, Japan, Romania, Russia, Spain, Great Britain, and
the USA. Approximately 500 individuals aged 18-65 were
surveyed in Argentina, Belgium, Chile, Hungary, India,
Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Serbia,
South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Turkey.
• Where results do not sum to 100 or the ‘difference’
appears to be+-1 more/less than the actual, this may be
due to rounding, multiple responses or the exclusion of
don't knows or not stated responses.
• The data are weighted to match the profile of the
population. 17 of the 28 countries surveyed generate
nationally representative samples in their countries
(Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France,
Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Poland,
Romania, Serbia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, and
United States). Brazil, Chile, China, India, Malaysia,
Mexico, Peru, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa and
Turkey produce a national sample that is considered to
represent a more affluent, connected population. These
are still a vital social group to understand in these
countries, representing an important and emerging
middle class.
© 2018 Ipsos
Contacts
Chris JacksonVice President
202.420.2025
@jcbjackson
Mallory NewallDirector
202.420.2014
@mallorycate