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Go Forth and Conquer!!
Unit 7 Test Review
Belief in limited governmentDomination of laissez-faire theoryPresidents are not innovatorsLimited issues: Civil Service, Currency, TariffsCorruption Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland,
Harrison, Cleveland, McKinley
Politics of the Gilded Age
1880 Election
The 1884 Election
The 1888 Election
The 1892 Election
The 1896 "Watershed" Election
Granger movement Northern and Southern Farmer Alliances The Populist (People’s Party)
Omaha Platform (1892)Impact of Panic of 1873Coxey’s Army (1894)The Silver Issue: Bland-Allison Act, Sherman
Silver Purchase ActImpact of Panic of 1893Significance of 1896 Election: Populist
demise, urban dominance, beginning of modern politics
Populism
Origins, motives, philosophyThe muckrakersPolitical Reforms in Cities and States: A. Voter participation 1. Australian, or secret, ballot 2. Direct primaries, direct election
of U.S. senators 3. Initiative, referendum, recall 4. Social reform
The Progressive Movement
B. Municipal reform 1. Controlling public utilities 2. Commissions and city managers
C. State Reform 1. Robert M. LaFollette and “The
Wisconsin Idea” 2. Temperance and prohibition
“Square Deal” for laborTrust-busting [Northern Securities Company,
Standard Oil]Railroad regulation: Elkins Act (1903) and
Hepburn Act (1906)Consumer protection: Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle 1. Pure Food and Drug Act 2. Meat Inspection Act• Conservation: Newlands Reclamation Act (1902);
established a National Conservation Commission (Gifford Pinchot)
Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal
Almost twice as many trust prosecutedEstablished Bureau of Mines; set aside
federal oil landsMann-Elkins Act (1910)Sixteenth and Seventeenth AmendmentsPayne-Aldrich Tariff (1909)Pinchot-Ballinger Controversy
Taft's Presidency
Election of 1912
High import tariffs.
Put limitations on female and child labor.
Workman’s Compensation Laws.
Against initiative, referendum, and recall.
Against “bad” trusts.
Creation of a Federal Trade Commission.
Stay on the gold standard.
Conservation of natural resources because they are finite.
Republican Party Platform
Government control of the monopolies trusts in general were bad eliminate them!!
Tariff reduction.
One-term President.
Direct election of Senators.
Create a Department of Labor.
Strengthen the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
Did NOT support women’s suffrage.
Opposed to a central bank.
Democratic Party Platform: Wilson's "New Freedom"
Women’s suffrage.
Graduated income tax.
Inheritance tax for the rich.
Lower tariffs.
Limits on campaign spending.
Currency reform.
Minimum wage laws.
Social insurance.
Abolition of child labor.
Workmen’s compensation.
Progressive Party Platform: Roosevelt's "New Nationalism"
Government ownership of railroads and utilities.
Guaranteed income tax.
No tariffs.
8-hour work day.
Better housing.
Government inspection of factories.
Women’s suffrage.
Socialist Party Platform
YearSocialist
PartySocialist
Labor Party
Total
1888 2,068 2,068
1890 13,704 13,704
1892 21,512 21,512
1894 30,020 30,020
1896 36,275 36,274
1898 82,204 82,204
1900 96,931 33,405 130,336
1902 223,494 53,763 277,257
1904 408,230 33,546 441,776
1906 331,043 20,265 351,308
1908 424,488 14,021 438,509
1910 607,674 34,115 641,789
1912 901,873
Tariff reduction: Underwood Tariff (1913)Banking Reform: Federal Reserve Act (1914)Business regulation: 1. Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) 2. Federal Trade Commission (1914)Other reforms: 1. Federal Farm Loan Act (1916) 2. Child Labor Act (1916) [declared
unconstitutional in the 1918 case of Hammer v. Dagenhart]
Woodrow Wilson's Progressive Program