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GO-JEK Impact towards Indonesian
Economy
Researchers:
I Dewa G. K. Wisana PhD.
Inaya Rakhmani PhD.
Alfindra Primaldhi S.Psi. M.A.
Paksi Walandouw S.E. M.A.
Aditya Harin Nugroho S.E.
Supervisor:
Turro S. Wongkaren PhD.
This research is done by a collaboration between LD FEB UI and GO-JEK
Indonesia
2
Research
Purpose
To analyze the direct and
indirect social and
economic impact of GO-
JEK in Indonesia.
3
Research
Subject
➔ Driver Partners
➔ SME Partners
➔Consumers
4
Executive Summary
Consumers
• GO-JEK reduces unemployment pressure by increasing job opportunities.
• GO-JEK increases the income and spending of Driver Partners, as well as their family
well-being.
• The Driver Partners experienced an improvement in their quality of life.
Driver
Partners
• GO-JEK supports SME Partners to go online.
• GO-JEK increases the transaction volumes of SME Partners.
• GO-JEK opens market access, encourages the adoption of technology and
increases business assets.
SME
Business
Partners
• GO-JEK consumers are in their productive age, with at least senior high
school (SMA) education and come from middle and middle-low socio-
economic class.
• GO-JEK consumers experienced an improvement in their quality of life.
National
Economy &
Society
• GO-JEK contributed an estimated IDR 8.2 trillion annually to the Indonesian economy
through the income of Driver Partners.
• GO-JEK contributed an estimated IDR 1,7 trillion annually to the Indonesian economy
through the income of SME Partners.
• Consumers feel the benefit and positive impact of GO-JEK services.
6
GO-JEK estimated to contribute Rp 8,2 trillion annually to Indonesian
economy through the income of GO-JEK Driver Partners.
7 *http://tekno.kompas.com/read/2017/12/18/07092867/berapa-jumlah-pengguna-dan-pengemudi-GO-JEK
**Weights are derived from the processed survey result
Before partnership After partnership Total Monthly Contribution to the economy (IDR
thousands)
Income Prior to
Partnership
Median
Value (IDR
Thousand)
Number of
Respondents
(Survey)
Proportion
Number of
Respondents
Weighted**
Number of
Respondent
s (Survey)
Proportio
n
Number of
Respondents
Weighted** Before After Margin
<1 million 500 133 4% 27,081 39 1% 7,941 13,540,723.98 3,970,588.24
1-1,5 million 1250 302 9% 61,493 203 6% 41,335 76,866,515.84 51,668,552.04
1,5-2 million 1,750 707 21% 143,959 296 9% 60,271 251,928,733.03 105,475,113.12
2-2,5 million 2,250 982 30% 199,955 475 14% 96,719 449,898,190.05 217,618,778.28
2,5-3,5 million 3,000 799 24% 162,692 1148 35% 233,756 488,076,923.08 701,266,968.33
3,5-6 million 4,750 213 6% 43,371 1041 31% 211,968 206,012,443.44 1,006,849,547.51
>6 million 6,500 51 2% 10,385 113 3% 23,009 67,500,000.00 149,558,823.53
Previously
Unemployed - 128 4% 26,063 0 0 - - -
Total 3315 100% 675,000* 3315 100% 675,000 1,553,823,529.41 2,236,408,371.04 682,584,841.63
GO-JEK estimated to contribute Rp 1,7 trillion annually to
Indonesian economy through the income of SME Partners.
8 *http://tekno.kompas.com/read/2017/12/18/07092867/berapa-jumlah-pengguna-dan-pengemudi-GO-JEK
**Weights are derived from the processed survey result
Before partnering After partnering
Total Monthly Contribution to the economy (IDR
thousands) Revenue Prior
to Partnership
Median
Value (IDR
Thousands)
Number of
Respondents
(Survey)
Proportion
Number of
Respondents
(Weighted)**
Number of
Respondents
(Survey)
Proportion
Number of
Respondent
(Weighted)** Before After Margin
<1 million 500 83 10% 13,018 37 5% 5,803 6,508,782.94 2,901,505.65
1-2,5 million 1,750 241 30% 37,798 194 24% 30,427 66,146,486.83 53,246,549.56
2,5-5 million 3,750 250 31% 39,210 227 28% 35,602 147,035,759.10 133,508,469.26
5-7,5 million 6,250 91 11% 14,472 149 18% 23,369 89,201,693.85 146,055,520.70
7,5-10 million 8,750 48 6% 7,528 69 9% 10,822 65,872,020.08 94,691,028.86
10-15 million 12,500 48 6% 7,528 68 9% 10,665 94,102,885.82 133,312,421.58
>15 million 15,500 35 4% 5,429 53 7% 8,312 85,084,692.60 128,842,534.50
not giving
answer - 1 0% 155 0 - - - -
Total 797 100% 125,000 797 100% 125,000 553,952,321.20 692,558,030.11 138,605,708.91
Benefit of GO-JEK services for society.
9
0.1% 0.4% 2%
8%
24%
56%
9%
Berdampak sangat buruk
Berdampak buruk
Berdampak agak buruk
Tidak ada dampaknya
Berdampak agak baik
Berdampak baik
Berdampak sangat baik
How does GO-JEK presence impact your area and the society in general?
8%
33% 37%
18%
3% 1% 0.0%
Berdampak sangat buruk
Berdampak buruk
Berdampak agak buruk
Tidak ada dampaknya
Berdampak agak baik
Berdampak baik
Berdampak sangat baik
How will a ban on GO-JEK’s operations (and any other similar services) in your area impact the society?
• 89% consumers said that GO-
JEK has created a positive
impact to society in general
• If GO-JEK terminates its
operations, 78% said it will
have a negative impact on
society
Very negative
impact Negative
impact Slightly
negative impact No impact Slightly positive
impact Positive
impact
Very positive
impact
Very negative
impact Negative
impact Slightly
negative impact No impact Slightly positive
impact Positive
impact
Very positive
impact
10
• 77% of driver partners
are 20-39 years old
• 15% of driver partners
graduated from
university/colleges
• 83% of driver partners
graduated from high
school
• 78% of driver partners
have dependents
11
2.0%
8%
15%
s/d Sekolah Dasar
SMP Sederajat
SMA Sederajat
Perguruan Tinggi
Driver Partners’ level of education
1%
38%
19%
2% 0.2%
<20 20+ 30+ 40+ 50+ 60+
Driver Partners’ age
75%
GO-JEK eases unemployment pressure by increasing job
opportunities
22%
78%
Dependents
Tidak ada yang bergantung
ada
Doesn’t have
any dependents
Has dependents
Perguruan Tinggi/
Sekolah Tinggi
University/
Colleges
Senior high
school
Junior high
school
Primary school
> 12
• The income of driver
partners has increased
by 44% after joining
GO-JEK
• The spending of driver
partners has increased
by 31% after joining GO-
JEK
• The average income of
driver partners is higher
than the average of
minimum wage in the 9
surveyed areas
4%
9%
21%
30%
24%
6% 2% 4%
1%
6%
9%
14%
35% 31%
3%
0% 0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
< 1 million
1- 1,5 million
1,5-2 million
2-2,5 million
2,5-3,5 million
3,5-6 million
> 6 million
Do not know
Driver Partners’ income
Before joining GO-JEK After joining GO-JEK
The average income of Driver
Partners The average minimum wage in 9
survey areas*
Rp3,31 Million Rp2,80 Million
GO-JEK increased the income, spending and family well-being
of Driver Partners
HIGHER THAN
9%
19%
32% 26%
10%
3% 1% 3%
9%
21% 27%
31%
9%
0% 0% 0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
< 1 million
1- 1,5 million
1,5-2 million
2-2,5 million
2,5-3,5 million
3,5-6 million
> 6 million
Do not know
Driver Partners’ spending
Before joining GO-JEK After joining GO-JEK
*Data source from regional government processed by researcher
13
• 90% GO-JEK drivers feel an
improvement in their quality
of life after joining GO-JEK
• 86% GO-JEK drivers feel
satisfied to very-satisfied
with their current income
• 97% GO-JEK drivers feel
satisfied to very-satisfied
with the work flexibility
• 52% GO-JEK drivers feel
they have benefited to
significantly-benefited from
business partnership with
GO-JEK
GO-JEK Drivers Partners’ quality of life Increased
10%
80%
9%
1%
Quality of Life after Joining GO-JEK
Jauh lebih baik
Lebih baik
Sama saja seperti sebelumnya
Lebih buruk
16%
[PERCENTAG
E]
13%
1%
GO-JEK Driver Satisfaction Level on Income
Sangat Puas
Puas
Kurang Puas
Tidak Puas
23%
74%
3%
GO-JEK Driver Satisfaction Level on Work Flexibility
Sangat Puas
Puas
Kurang Puas
5%
47% 35%
11%
2%
GO-JEK Driver Opinion on Business Partner Relationship
Sangat Menguntungkan
Menguntungkan
Tidak Memberatkan dan Menguntungkan
Memberatkan
Sangat Memberatkan
Significantly
improved
Improved
Same as before
Worse
Very satisfied
Satisfied
Slightly unsatisfied
Slightly unsatisfied
Unsatisfied
Satisfied
Very satisfied
Very beneficial
Beneficial
Not beneficial and
not burdensome
Burdensome
Very burdensome
14
15
GO-JEK supports SMEs to go online
1%
2%
4%
6%
9%
10%
18%
23%
29%
76%
Menggunakan Jasa Ojek Pangkalan
Saya antar sendiri
FedEX/DHL
Pos
JNE
GOSEND
Ada karyawan yang khusus menjadi kurir/delivery
TIKI
Ada karyawan yang merangkap sebagai kurir/delivery
Tidak melayani pengiriman
Delivery Service Prior to Becoming GO-JEK SME Partners
70% 3%
27%
Business Operations
Memiliki bangunan/fisik, pelanggan bisa datang langsung
Hanya melakukan usaha secara online, tidak memiliki bangunan fisik
Memiliki bangunan fisik dan toko online/berjualan online
• 76% SME partners
did not offer delivery
services prior to
partnering with GO-
JEK
• 70% SME partners
went online
because of GO-JEK
Did not offer delivery service
Has employee who doubles
as courier
Has employee hired specifically
as courier
Post
I deliver myself
Using ojek to deliver
Only owned
physical building,
consumers can
come directly
Only did business
online, did not
own physical
building
Owned physical
building and did
business online
16
GO-JEK increases the transaction volume of SME Partners
• 82% SME partners
experienced an
increased in transaction
volume after partnering
with GO-JEK
• 85% of those partners
experienced more than
5% increase in
transaction volume
• 43% SME partners
experienced an
increased in revenue
classification
1%
17%
82%
Berkurang
Sama Saja
Meningkat
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Transaction Volume Difference by Being GO-JEK SME Partners
56%
29%
15%
Meningkat >10%
Meningkat >5%-10%
Meningkat s/d 5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Transaction Volume Increase after Becoming GO-JEK SME Partners
11%
30% 31%
12%
6% 6% 4%
5%
24% 28% 19%
9% 8% 7%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
<1 million 1-2,5 million 2,5-5 million 5-7,5 million 7,5-10 million 10-15 million >15 million
Average Revenue in 1 Week for SME Partners
Before joining GO-JEK After joining GO-JEK
Increased up to 5%
No change
Decreased
Increased >5%-10%
Increased >10%
Increased
GO-JEK opens access to market, encourages the adoption of
technology and increases business assets
• 94% SME partners feel GO-
JEK treats them fairly
• 76% SME partners
reinvested the additional
profits from GO-JEK sales
• 84% SME partners joined
GO-JEK to amplify their
business marketing
• 73% SME partners joined
GO-JEK to adopt the
technological innovation
14
9%
21%
64%
5% 1%
Perception of SME Partners Position as Business Partner
Kuat/diuntungkan
Agak kuat/agak diuntungkan
Setara
Agak lemah/agak dirugikan
Lemah/dirugikan
Slightly weak/slightly
disadvantaged
The Consideration to Join as an SME Partner
If a profit increase is experienced after
becoming an SME Partner, how is the additional
profits allocated?
84%
16%
Amplify Business Marketing
Yes
No
73%
27%
Increase Adoption of Technological Innovations
Yes
No
Strong/benefited
Slightly strong/slightly
benefited
Equal
Weak/disadvantaged
Reinvested back into the business
(savings/treasury)
To purchase goods for the company
To hire more employees
To increase employee salary
Nothing is done
To improve employee benefits
18
19
• 77% consumers are
between 20 – 39 years
old
• 96% consumers’
educational
background is senior
high school (SMA) and
above
• The average monthly
spending of the
consumers is
Rp2.550.000
11%
55%
[PERCENTAGE]
10%
2% Consumer Age
<20
20+
30+
40+
50+
0.1%
0.3%
0.03%
3%
0.3%
1%
7%
42%
3%
2%
3%
10%
27%
2%
Tidak tamat SD/Tidak pernah SD
SD
Ibtidaiyah
SMP
Tsanawiyah
STM
SMK
SMA
SMEA
Aliyah
D1-D2/Akademi
D3-D4
S1
S2
Consumer’s Educational Background
GO-JEK consumers are within the productive age, with a senior
high school and above level of education, and come from a middle
and middle-low socio-economic class
6%
13%
18%
24% 22%
13%
3%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
<1 Juta 1-1,5 Juta 1,5-2 Juta 2-2,5 Juta 2,5-3,5 Juta 3,5-6 Juta >6 Juta
The Average Monthly Household Spending of GO-JEK Consumers
<1 million 1-1,5 million 1,5-2 million 2-2,5 million 2,5-3 million 3,5-6 million >6 million
Postgraduate
Degree
Bachelor’s
Degree
Senior high
school (SMA)
Junior high
school (SMP)
Primary school
(SD)
Did not finish/Did not attend
primary school
20
The Quality of Life of GO-JEK Consumers Increased
2%
82%
16%
In general, as GO-JEK consumers, do you feel the services convenient?
Kurang nyaman
Nyaman
Sangat nyaman
4%
83%
13%
As GO-JEK consumers, do you feel your security is guaranteed?
Kurang terjamin
Terjamin
Sangat terjamin
1%
80%
19%
Satisfaction Level on GO-JEK Services
Kurang Puas
Puas
Puas Sekali
• GO-JEK’s most used services
are GO-RIDE, GO-FOOD and
GO-CAR
• 99% consumers feel satisfied
using GO-JEK
• 98% consumers feel GO-JEK
services convenient
• 96% consumers feel secure
using GO-JEK
5.80%
6.30%
12.40%
22%
38.70%
54.70%
73.20%
85.80%
GO-BLUEBIRD
GO-PULSA
GO-POINTS
GO-SEND
GO-PAY (electronic money)
GO-CAR
GO-FOOD
GO-RIDE
Previously Used Services
Slightly
unsatisfied
Satisfied
Very satisfied
Slightly inconvenient
Convenient
Very convenient
Slightly unguaranteed
Guaranteed
Very guaranteed
Executive Summary
Consumers
• GO-JEK eases unemployment pressure by increasing job opportunities.
• GO-JEK increases the income and spending of Driver Partners, as well as their family
well-being.
• The quality of life of Driver Partners increased.
Driver
Partners
• GO-JEK enables its SME Partners to go online.
• GO-JEK increases the transaction volume of its SME Partners.
• GO-JEK opens market access, encourages the adoption of technology and
increases business assets.
SME
Business
Partners
• GO-JEK consumers are within their productive age, with at least senior
high school (SMA) education and come from middle and middle-low
socio-economic class.
• The quality of life of GO-JEK consumers has been enhanced.
National
Economy &
Society
• GO-JEK is estimated to contribute IDR 8.2 trillion annually to the Indonesian
economy through the income of Driver Partners.
• GO-JEK is estimated to contribute IDR 1,7 trillion annually to the Indonesian
economy through the income of SME Partners.
• Consumers feel the benefit and positive impact of GO-JEK services.
22
Research Sample Location : 9 Regions (Denpasar, Balikpapan, Bandung, Jabodetabek,
DIY Yogyakarta, Makassar, Medan, Palembang, Surabaya)
Total Research Sample : 3.465 Consumers, 3.315 GO-JEK Drivers, 806 SMEs Partners
Research Period : October 2017 – December 2017
Research Sample
±330 GO-JEK Driver Partners per Region
±80 SME Partners per Region
±340 Consumers per Region
23
Research Limitations
The survey conducted solely includes two-wheelers Driver Partners (GO-RIDE), SME
Partners (GO-FOOD) and GO-JEK consumers.
The survey solely includes direct impact towards the research subjects.
Thank you
24
