Google your way through the e- information highway

Google your way through the e-information highway Presented by Ina Smith [email protected]

2006 Google your way through the e-information highway 1

mailto:[email protected]

"If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants."

Sir Isaac Newton

Acknowledgement

The content for this manual was taken from Google Scholar, and is used for educational purposes only. Where necessary it has been adapted according to the needs of clients of the Academic Information Service. Google Scholar remains the sole copyright owner of all Google

Scholar-related content in this manual.


Introducing the new library web page Access the new main library web page from: www.ais.up.ac.za To directly access subject specific information according to the faculty with which you are enrolled/involved, as well as all other library information, use: Economic & Management Sciences www.ais.up.ac.za/eco Education www.ais.up.ac.za/edu Engineering, Built Environment & Information Technology

www.ais.up.ac.za/ebit

Health Sciences www.ais.up.ac.za/health Humanities www.ais.up.ac.za/human Law www.ais.up.ac.za/law Mamelodi www.ais.up.ac.za/mamelodi Natural & Agricultural Sciences www.ais.up.ac.za/natural Theology www.ais.up.ac.za/theology Veterinary Sciences www.ais.up.ac.za/vet It is now very easy to find your way through electronic information at the library using the new web page. Navigation is simple and stays consistent throughout all the pages, independent of where you find yourself on the new web.

Navigation to the right stays consistent throughout the library web

Navigation at the top stays consistent throughout the library web

Area where sub-menus are displayed

Area where content/information is displayed

Navigation to the right stays consistent throughout the library web A link to Google Scholar is displayed on each page throughout the library web


http://www.ais.up.ac.za/

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/eco

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/edu

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/ebit

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/health

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/human

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/law

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/mamelodi

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/natural

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/theology

http://www.ais.up.ac.za/vet

What is Google Scholar? Google Scholar provides a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature. From one place, you can search across many disciplines and sources: peer-reviewed papers, theses, books, abstracts and articles, from academic publishers, professional societies, preprint repositories, universities and other scholarly organizations. Google Scholar helps you identify the most relevant research across the world of scholarly research. Google Scholar may also include multiple versions of an article, possibly preliminary, which you may be able to access. The Academic Information Service (Library) has decided to partner with Google Scholar to make it easier for our clients to access the thousands of valuable information resources to which we subscribe - all from a single searchable point. From one place, you can search across many disciplines and sources, e.g. the University of Pretoria library catalogue, databases, electronic full text journals, theses, articles, web pages worldwide, etc. By working along with Google Scholar we don’t want to keep clients from searching individual databases. The functionalities offered by individual databases can never be replaced by what a broadcast/federated search product can offer anyway. What we would like to accomplish instead is to guide users – who use Google as their only means of conducting research – back to the valuable information resources to which the library subscribes. Google is an excellent and advanced search engine, which has become a household name to many students and researchers, preferred by many in stead of the very complicated databases and other electronic information resources to which the library subscribes. Features of Google Scholar

• Search diverse sources from one convenient place • Find papers, abstracts and citations • Locate the complete paper through your library or on the web • Learn about key papers in any area of research

How are articles ranked?

Google Scholar aims to sort articles the way researchers do, weighing the full text of each article, the author, the publication in which the article appears, and how often the piece has been cited in other scholarly literature. The most relevant results will always appear on the first page.

Google Scholar works with scholarly publishers to index works from all research disciplines and make them searchable on Google Scholar.


Articles/books can also be sorted according to the most recent.

Accessing Google Scholar You can access Google Scholar from the library web by clicking on the following image: You can also access Google Scholar by entering the following URL in the Address Bar of your Internet Browser: http://0-scholar.google.com.innopac.up.ac.za/ Through using the above URL instead of http://scholar.google.com you will be authenticated once only (at the beginning), and automatically recognized as a client of the University of Pretoria. Links to articles to which the library have access will automatically be displayed on the screen and accessible for you as a UP library client. STEP 1: Click on the Google Scholar image on the library web


http://0-scholar.google.com.innopac.up.ac.za/

http://scholar.google.com/

STEP 2: You will be prompted for your Surname and Student/Personnel

nr. Enter your details (without the p or s) and click on Submit. For problem free access please confirm that your details on the Library Management System are correct. You can verify this at the Circulation Desk of any UP library.


Include links to other libraries You can also set your Scholar Preferences to display links in the search results to other libraries to which you have access, e.g. WITS Library. STEP 1: On the Google Scholar home page, click on Scholar Preferences.


STEP 2: At Library Links, type in the name of the library, e.g.

Witwatersrand. Click on Find Library. Please note: It will only be possible to select from libraries who have decided to link up with Google Scholar.

STEP 3: Select the name of the library by checking the box to the left o the name of the library.

TE

You can now start searching and follow links to the resources of libraries selected under Scholar Preferences. You may need to authenticate yourself to access these resources.

f

S P 4: Scroll down to the bottom or up to the top of the screen and click

on Save Preferences.


Setting more preferences

Add the full citation of a result on Google Scholar to your bibliography manager


Simple Search with Google Scholar Also refer to the Google Cheat Sheet (See Addendum)

ow do I search by

Enter the author's name in quotations: "d knuth". To increase the number of results, use initials rather than the full first name.

If you're finding too many papers which mention the author, you can use uthors. For example, you can

H author?

the "author:" operator to search for specific atry [author:knuth], [author:"d knuth"], or [author:"donald e knuth"].

ch pageStill not satisfied? Try Google Scholar’s Advanced Sear . See their Advanced Search Tips for more information.

How do I search by title?

Put the paper's title in quotations: "A History of the China Sea." Google Scholar will automatically find the paper as well as other papers which mention it.


How d

resu e

journoften

ow do I search for papers in specific publications?

Within the Advanced Search page

o I find recent research on a particular topic?

Just click on "Recent articles" on the right side of any results page, and yourlts will be re-sorted to help you find newer research more quickly. Th

new ordering considers factors like the prominence of the author's and al's previous papers, as well as the full text of each article and how it has been cited.

H

, you can specify keywords which must appear in both the article and the publication name. See Advanced Search Tips for more information.

ow do I search by category?

From the Advanced Search page

H

, you can search for scholarly literature within seven broad areas of research. Simply check the boxes for the subject areas you're interested in searching.

Advanced Search with Google Scholar

You can increase the accuracy and effectiveness of your searches on Google Scyo rch box; other times, you'll want to use the Advanced Scholar Search page

holar by adding "operators" that fine-tune your search terms. In some cases, u can add operators right in the Google Scholar sea

.


Here are the most common Google Scholar operators:

Author Search - Publication Restrict - Date Restrict - Other Operators

Author search

Author search is one of the most effective ways to find a specific paper. If you me

The search [friedman regression

know who wrote the paper you're looking for, you can simply add their last nato your search terms.

For example: ] returns papers on the subject of regression

ritten by people named Friedman. If you want to search on an author's full ame, or last name and initials, enter the name in quotes: ["jh friedman"

wn ].

word is both a person's name and a common noun, you might want to se the "author:" operator. This operator only affects the search term that mediately follows it, and there must be no space between "author:" and your

.

le:

When auimsearch term

For examp[author:flowers] returns papers written by people with the name Flowers, whereas [flowers -author:flowers] returns papers about flowers, and ignores apers written by people with the name Flowers (a minus in front of a search

term excludes results that contain this search term).

You may use the operator with an author's full name in quotes to further refine our search. Try to use initials rather than full first names, because some sources

indexed in Google Scholar only provide the initials.

For example: o find papers by Donald E. Knuth, you could try [author:"d knuth"

p

y

T ], [author:"de knuth"], or [author:"donald e knuth"].

Publication restrict

(This option is only available on the Advanced Scholar Search page.)

A publication-restricted search only returns results with specific words from a specific publication.

If you want to search the Journal of Finance for articles about mutual funds, you For example:

might start like this:

funds

journal of f in

Google Scholar Search


http://0-scholar.google.com.innopac.up.ac.za/advanced_scholar_search

Keep in mind, hGoogle Scholar gathers bibliographical data from many sources, including automatically extracting it from text and citations. This information may be incomplete or even incorrect; many preprints, for instance, don't say where (

owever, that publication-restricted searches may be incomplete.

or even whether) the article was ultimately published.

hat

For instance: hat a search across all publications for [mutual funds

In general, publication-restricted searches are effective if you're certain of wyou're looking for, but they‘re often narrower than you might expect.

You might find t ] gives more

veral ways (e.g., Journal of Biological Chemistry is often abbreviated as J Biol Chem), so you may need to try

useful results than a more specific search for "funds" only in the Journal of Finance.

Finally, bear in mind that one journal can be spelled se

several spellings of a given publication in order to get complete search results.

Date restrict

(This option is only available on the Advanced Scholar Search page.)

Date-restricted searches can be effective when you're looking for the latest n area.

For example: published

since 2004:

developments in a give

Here's how you'd search for articles on superconducting films that were

superconducting f ilms

2004 -

Google Scholar Search

Bear in mind, however, that some web sources don't include publication dates, and a date-restricted search will not return articles for which Google Scholar was unable to determine a date of publication. So if you're sure that an article about superconducting films came out this year and a date-restricted search doesn't find it, retry the search without the date restricti . on

Other Operators

Google Scholar also supports most of the advanced operators in Google web

• the "+" operator makes sure your results include common words, letters ers that Google's search technology generally ignores, as in [+de

search:

or numbknuth];

• the "-" operator excludes all results that include this search term, as in[

wers -author:flowersflo ];


http://0-scholar.google.com.innopac.up.ac.za/scholar?q=mutual+funds

http://0-scholar.google.com.innopac.up.ac.za/scholar?q=mutual+funds

• phrase search only returns results that include this exact phrase, as in ["as you like it"];

• the "OR" operator returns results that include either of your search terms, as in [stock call OR put];

the "intitle:" operator as in [intitle:mars] only returns results that include your he document's title.

Understanding a Search Result

search term in t

Each Google Scholar search result represents a body of scholarly work. This may ore related articles, or even multiple versions of one article. For

ticle, a journal article, and an anthology article, all of which are associated with a single research effort. Grouping these articles allows us to more accurately measure the impact of research and to better present the different research efforts in an area (see 5 below).

n citations to these articles from other scholarly works.

Example: Journal Article

include one or mexample, a search result may consist of a group of articles including a preprint, a conference ar

Each search result contains bibliographic information, such as the title, author names, and source of publication. One set of bibliographic data is associated with the entire group of related articles and is Google Scholar’s best estimate at the representative article for the group. This bibliographic data is based on information from the articles in the group, as well as o

Example: Book

1

4

2

2

6

1 3 5

6

7


1. lete

2.

3.

Title – Links to the abstract of the article, or when available on the web, the comparticle.

Cited By – Identifies other papers that have cited articles in the group.

Library Links (online) – Locates an electronic version of the work throughaffiliated

your library's resources. These links appear automatically if you're on campus.

4. ork.

5.

6. information about this work on Google.

7. Direct – Purchase the full text of the article through the British Library. Google receives no compensation from this service.

Library Links (offline) – Locates libraries which have a physical copy of the w

Group of – Finds other articles included in this group of scholarly works, possibly preliminary, which you may be able to access. Examples include preprints, abstracts, conference papers or other adaptations.

Web Search – Searches for

BL

Example Search: Book

STEP 1: Enter keywords. Click on Search.

Find a reference with [BOOK]

TEP 3: Click on Library Search.

4: Enter Location Information: za (only once) . Click on GO.

STEP 2: S

STEP


TEP 5: A list of SA libraries with holdings for the book will be displayed. Click on the Book link to display catalogue information for that specific book.

STEP 6: The catalogue information for the UP library holding will be

displayed.

S


earch Example: Journal Article

S STEP 1: Enter keywords. Click on Search.

TEP 2: Find a reference with SFX@University of Pretoria next to the title.

S


STEP 3: Click directly on the title of the reference or on the SFX@University of Pretoria next to the title.

you have clicked directly on the title, the article on the platform which Google cholar retrieves fastest will be displayed, independent of the platform. In this xample the article was retrieved from Taylor & Francis, with another click ffering you direct access to the full text.

IfSeo


If you have icked on the SFX@University of Pretoria you can s the following screen:

cl elect a platform from

EBSCOHost was selected for this example


Google Help : Cheat Sheet

OPERATOR EX AMPLE FINDS PAGES CONTAINING...

vacation hawaii the words vacation and Hawaii . Maui OR Hawaii either the word Maui or the word Hawaii "To each his ow the exact phrase to each his own

virus –computer the word virus but NOT the

Star Wars Episo +I This movie title, including th

~auto loan loan info for both the word aut nonyms: truck, car, etc.

define:computer definitions of the word computer from around the Web.

red * blue the words red and blue separated by one or more words.

I'm Feeling Luck Takes you directly to first web page returned for your query.

n"

word computer e roman numeral I

o and its sy

de

y

CALCULATOR O ERATORS P MEANING TYPE INTO SEARCH BOX

+ addition 45 + 39

- subtraction 45 – 39 * multiplication 45 * 39

/ division 45 / 39

% of percentage of 45% of 39

^ raise to a power 2^5 (2 to the 5th power)

ADVANCED OP ATORS ER MEANING WHAT TO TYPE INTO SEARCH BOX (& DESCRIPTION OF RESULTS)

site: Search only one website admission site:www.stanford.edu

(Search Stanford Univ. site for admissions info.)

[#]…[#] Search within a range of numbers DVD player $100..150

(Search for DVD players between $100 and $150)

date: Search only a range of months

Olympics date: 3 (Search for Olympics references within past 3 months; 6 and 12-month date-restrict options also available)

safesearch: Exclude adult-content safesearch: sex education (Search for sex education material without returning adult sites)

link: linked pages link:www.stanford.edu (Find pages that link to the Stanford University website.)

info: Info about a page info:www.stanford.edu (Find information about the Stanford University website.)

related: Related pages related:www.stanford.edu (Find websites related to the Stanford University website.)

GOOGLE SERVI ES C URL DESCRIPTION

Google Images images.google.com Find images related to your search term.

Google News news.google.com Read the most up-to-date news stories about your search term.

Froogle www.froogle.com Find sites selling the exact product you're looking for.

Google Groups groups.google.com Usenet discussion group archive dating back to 1981.

Google Catalog catalogs.google.com Search hundreds of online catalogs.

Google Labs labs.google.com Test-drive potential future Google products and services.

Blogger www.blogger.com Start your own online journal (or 'blog') with this free self-publishing service.

©2005 Google

s


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Google your way through the e- information highway