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MOBILE COMPUTING

PRESENTED BYG.ACHYUTH BHARATH

III B-TECH (CSE)

[email protected]

Ph no: 9533439964

A.VIJAYKANTH

III B-TECH (CSE)

[email protected]

ph no: 8099406121

G.PULLAREDDY

ENGINEERING

COLLEGE

KURNOOL
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Mobile computing has three

aspects:

This aspect addresses communication

issues in ad-hoc and infrastructure

networks as well as communication

properties, protocols, data formats andconcrete technologies.

It allows transmission of voice and

multimedia data via a computer or a

mobile device without having

connected to any physical or fixed

link. It is evolving day by day and has

become a must have for everyone.It is

the exchange of voice and data using

a communication infrastructure at the

same time regardless of any physical

link.

This aspect is on the hardware, e.g.,

mobile devices or device components.

- Mobile hardware is outpacing

software capabilities and the mobile

user experience.

Mobile phones have the capabilities in

terms of hardware and processing

power and network connectivity that

desktop computers had a few years

ago. These devices clearly have

desktop mobile computing

capabilities.

faster touch screens and better-

designed keyboards, along with the

use of conventional wireless networks

and high-speed networks with

contemporary Web browsers, will

give users an experience very much

like that of a desktop PC. "Not that that

experience is the exact same one as

you'd have on your desktop, but the

browsers are becoming every bit as

capable on mobile phones as the ones

on your desktops,"

This aspect deals with the

characteristics and requirements of

mobile applications.

Characteristics of mobile applications:


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2.3.1 Connectivity

Apps are always online as the device isconstantly logged in to the mobile

network. This allows user specificinformation or notifications beingpushed to the App as they areavailable. In combination with theubiquity of mobile applications, this isthe most important characteristic. Aservice, that must be called actively to get a reaction is useless in a mobile

environment. And with the growingnumber of Apps on each smartphone,this push-functionality becomescritical to keep an App in the usersmind

2.3.2 Convenience

An emotional design and a simple

(one-handed) handling guarantees ahigh acceptance. A good App can doits job in different contexts and fastvarying situations (changingenvironmental light and noise,unsteady movement of the device,etc.). So the information architectureand the overall usability must be

planed with care to create a fittingand joyful interaction flow. Of course good content also counts toconvenience. Analysing the usersneeds and creating a useful idea out of it is still essential.

2.3.3 Localization

Localization and the possibility tooffer location-based information is a

key feature that makes mobility vividand practical. It separates the wheatfrom the chaff as it embeds the App tothe users context. Sure, this feature

might not make sense for every Appbut localization must not always bethought of as the big thing. Just think of automatically associate the locationwith a note or photo or by justlimiting possible options or by sortingplaces. It can be useful in little, justcreating a good experience for theuser.

2.3.4 Reachability

Reachability covers a more socialattribute given by the nature of mobileapplications itself. A good App canreally be used and more importantmakes sense anywhere at any time.The core of mobile devices is to beused anywhere at anytime. The sameis true for Apps where reachability has become availability. Not in senseof usage, but in sense of updatedinformation and perpetual usefulness.To much academic? Think of actualcontent round the clock, time-awareoptions or (again) context sensitivity.

2.3.5 Security

Security has several facets. The datatransferred over the network must beencrypted through the carriernetwork. As some Apps sync data withonline, web-based applications, thestorage of this data on the server must


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also be secured. Another aspectconcerns the data on the device itself. Idont want anybody playing arround

with my mobile phone getting accessto my bank account data. Mobility isdelicate, an so is the date aggregatedand generated in this context.

2.3.6 Personalization

Creating personalized content basedon individual usage or context isanother characteristic. It builds on allprevious characteristics as it is a kindof melting down of all of them. I wantmy App fitting my needs and I wantmy App behaving like I want it to do.This need covers not only personalizedcontent but also control over datastored, shared or used for furtheractions. The option of turninglocalization on or off is truepersonalization. An individualbackground or personal categories areconvenience

2.4 Requirements of mobilesoftware:

As companies rely on Mobileapplication development to satisfy business needs, a number of requirements to a mobile platformcome into sight. Most critical of themare as follows:

1. Desktop application integration.This includes accurate datasynchronization with encryption and

the possibility to manage data offline.If you need timely

access to important data stored on your desktop, including e-mails,event alerts, and customer data, thanproper integration is a must.

2. Multi-tasking. However flawlessMobile application development,mobile device resources are limited,and multi-tasking appears to be oneof the key ways to increaseproductivity.

3. Minimization of traffic amount

between a server and a mobiledevice, which contributes to timeand cost savings.

4. User-friendly interface that allowsaccomplishing necessary tasks by fewer operations.

5. The last, but not the least of requirements is lower total cost of

ownership (TCO) and support costs.Implementation of a mobile platformacross the enterprise must beestimated beforehand and suchfactors, as support and upgrade costs,are of importance, as well.

To satisfy the mentioned

requirements, mobile applicationdevelopment solutions are offered in
http://altoros.com/mobile_and_embedded_development.htmlhttp://altoros.com/mobile_and_embedded_development.htmlhttp://altoros.com/mobile_and_embedded_development.htmlhttp://altoros.com/mobile_and_embedded_development.htmlhttp://altoros.com/mobile_and_embedded_development.htmlhttp://altoros.com/mobile_and_embedded_development.html


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great diversity by each platformprovider. Microsoft, for instance, is getting prepared for Windows Mobile7 launch. Google, on the other hand,armed with the forthcoming GoogleNexus One, is trying to compete by incorporating Android with existingGoogle Apps, such as Google Docs,Gmail, Google Calendar, and other.Apple puts emphasis on businessfeatures, providing integration withMS Exchange, as well as dataencryption, GPS, etc

3 .DEVICES

3.1 CAPUTER

is the predominantterm used to describe a category of mobile computer designed ormodified to specifically be installedand run in automobiles. Originally these were based on industrialpersonal computer technology, but assmartphones and PDAs have becomemore powerful, and have includeduseful technologies like GPS andBluetooth, they have become thepredominant base platform fordeveloping carputers.

Many do-it-your-selfers have builtcarputers from laptops and small formfactor computers like netbooks.

The recent popularity of carputers has

caused the creation of more advancedunits that use touch screen interfaces,

integrate with vehicles via OBD-II link, and offer a variety of other add-ons like rear-view cameras and GPS. Itis now possible to find assembledcarputers complete with wirelesscapabilities and built-in microphonesfor sale on the internet.

Police cars often have carputers,known as Mobile data terminals.

3.2.PERSONAL DIGITALASSISTANT

A( ), also known as a

, or,[1][2][3] is a mobile device that

functions as a personal information

manager. Current PDAs often have theability to connect to the Internet. APDA has an electronic visual display , enabling it to include a web browser, but some newer models also haveaudio capabilities, enabling them to beused as mobile phones or portablemedia players. Many PDAs can accessthe Internet, intranets or extranets viaWi-Fi or Wireless Wide AreaNetworks. Many PDAs employ touchscreen technology.

The first PDA was released in 1986 by Psion, the Organizer II. Followed by Psion's Series 3, in 1991, which beganto resemble the more familiar PDAstyle. It also had a full keyboard. [4][5]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetoothhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetoothhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laptophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laptophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laptophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_form_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_form_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_form_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_form_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netbookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netbookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netbookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OBD-IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OBD-IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OBD-IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_carhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_carhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_data_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_data_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_data_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-t2c-1-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-t2c-1-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_visual_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_visual_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_visual_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intranethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intranethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intranethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extranethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extranethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extranethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Wide_Area_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Wide_Area_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Wide_Area_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Wide_Area_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchscreenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchscreenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psion_Organiserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psion_Organiserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psion_Organiserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psion_Series_3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psion_Series_3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psion_Series_3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psion_Organiserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchscreenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Wide_Area_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_Wide_Area_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extranethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intranethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_visual_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-t2c-1-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-t2c-1-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_data_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_carhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OBD-IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netbookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_form_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_form_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laptophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetoothhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computer


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The term PDA was first used on January 7, 1992 by Apple Computer CEO John Sculley at the ConsumerElectronics Show in Las Vegas, Nevada, referring to the AppleNewton. In 1996, Nokia introducedthe first mobile phone with full PDAfunctionality, the 9000Communicator, which grew tobecome the world's best-selling PDA.The Communicator spawned a new category of mobile phones: the "PDAphone", now called"smartphone".Another early entrant in this marketwas Palm, with a line of PDA products which began with the March 1996Pilot 1000.

Today, almost all PDAs aresmartphones. Over 150 million

smartphones are sold each year, while"stand-alone" PDAs without phonefunctionality sell only about 3 millionunits per year.[6]

3.2.1 FEATURES OF PDA

Touch screen Memory cards Wired connectivity Wireless connectivity Synchronization

3.3 SMART PHONES

A is a high-endmobile phone built on a mobilecomputing platform, with moreadvanced computing ability andconnectivity than a contemporary

feature phone.[1][2][3] The firstsmartphones were devices that mainly combined the functions of a personaldigital assistant (PDA) and a mobilephone or camera phone. Today'smodels also serve to combine thefunctions of portable media players, low-end compact digital cameras,

pocket video cameras, and GPS navigation units. Modernsmartphones typically also includehigh-resolution touchscreens, webbrowsers that can access and properly display standard web pages ratherthan just mobile-optimized sites, andhigh-speed data access via Wi-Fi and

mobile broadband.

The most common mobile operatingsystems (OS) used by modernsmartphones include Google'sAndroid, Apple's iOS, Microsoft'sWindows Phone, Nokia's Symbian, RIM's BlackBerry OS, and embeddedLinux distributions such as Maemo and MeeGo. Such operating systems
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sculleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sculleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sculleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_metropolitan_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_metropolitan_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_metropolitan_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Newtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Newtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Newtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Newtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_9000_Communicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_9000_Communicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_9000_Communicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_9000_Communicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm,_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm,_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm,_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_%28PDA%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_%28PDA%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_%28PDA%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilot_1000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilot_1000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Touch_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Touch_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Memory_cardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Memory_cardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Wireless_connectivityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Wireless_connectivityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Synchronizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Synchronizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone#cite_note-phonescoop-smartphone-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone#cite_note-phonescoop-smartphone-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camerashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camerashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camerashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocket_video_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocket_video_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchscreenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchscreenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchscreenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_In_Motionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_Linuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_Linuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_Linuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_Linuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maemohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maemohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maemohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MeeGohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MeeGohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MeeGohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MeeGohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maemohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_Linuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_Linuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_In_Motionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_broadbandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchscreenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocket_video_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camerashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone#cite_note-phonescoop-smartphone-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone#cite_note-phonescoop-smartphone-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Synchronizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Wireless_connectivityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Memory_cardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#Touch_screenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilot_1000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_%28PDA%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm,_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_9000_Communicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_9000_Communicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Newtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Newtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_metropolitan_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sculleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Computer


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can be installed on many differentphone models, and typically eachdevice can receive multiple OSsoftware updates over its lifetime.

The distinction between smartphonesand feature phones can be vague andthere is no official definition for whatconstitutes the difference betweenthem. One of the most significantdifferences is that the advancedapplication programming interfaces

(APIs) on smartphones for runningthird-party application s[4] can allow those applications to have betterintegration with the phone's OS andhardware than is typical with featurephones. In comparison, feature phonesmore commonly run on proprietary firmware, with third-party software

support through platforms such as Java ME or BREW.[1] An additionalcomplication in distinguishingbetween smartphones and featurephones is that over time thecapabilities of new models of featurephones can increase to exceed those of phones that had been promoted as

smartphones in the past.3.4 TABLET COMPUTER

A , or a , is amobile computer, larger than a mobilephone or personal digital assistant, integrated into a flat touch screen andprimarily operated by touching the

screen rather than using a physicalkeyboard. It often uses an onscreen

virtual keyboard, a passive stylus pen, or a digital pen[citation needed ].[1][2]

The term may also apply to a variety

of form factors that differ in positionof the

screen with respect to a keyboard. Thestandard form is called slate , whichdoes not have an integrated keyboardbut may be connected to one with awireless link or a USB port.

Convertible notebook computers havean integrated keyboard that can behidden by a swivel joint or slide joint,exposing only the screen for touchoperation. Hybrids have a detachablekeyboard so that the touch screen canbe used as a stand-alone tablet.Booklets include two touch screens,

and can be used as a notebook by displaying a virtual keyboard in one of them.

Early examples of theinformation tablet concept originated in the 19thand 20th centuries mainly asprototypes and concept ideas, themore prominent the Alan Kay'sDynabook . First commercial portable
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electronic devices based on theconcept appeared at the end of the20th century. During the 2000sMicrosoft attempted a relatively unsuccessful product line withMicrosoft Tablet PC, which carved aniche market at hospitals and outdoorbusinesses. In 2010 Apple released theiPad based on the technology developed in parallel with theirprevious iPhone, and reachedworldwide commercial success

3.5 ULTRA-MOBILE PC

An [1] (or )

is a small form factor version of a pencomputer, a class of laptop whosespecifications were launched by Microsoft and Intel in spring 2006.Sony had already made a first attemptin this direction in 2004 with its VaioU series, which was however only soldin Asia. UMPCs are smaller thansubnotebooks, have a TFT display measuring (diagonally) about 12.7 to

17.8 cm, and are operated like tabletPCs using a touchscreen or a stylus. There is no clear boundary betweensubnotebooks and ultra-mobile PCs.

The first-generation UMPCs weresimple PCs running Linux or anadapted version of Microsoft's tabletPC operating system. With theannouncement of the UMPC,Microsoft dropped the licensingrequirement that tablet PCs must

support proximity sensing of thestylus, which Microsoft termed"hovering".

Second-generation UMPCs use lesselectricity and can therefore be usedlonger (up to five hours) and alsosupport Windows Vista.

Originally codenamed, the project was launched in

2006 as a collaboration betweenMicrosoft, Intel, Samsung, and a few others. Despite prediction of thedemise of UMPC device category according to CNET[2] the UMPCcategory appears to continue to be inexistence, however, it has largely beensupplanted by tablet computers [3] asevidenced by the introduction of Apple iPad, Google Android,BlackBerry Tablet OS, and Nokia'supcoming MeeGo.

3.6 WEARABLE COMPUTER
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areminiature electronic devices that areworn by the bearer under, with or ontop of clothing. This class of wearabletechnology has been developed for general or special purposeinformation technologies and mediadevelopment. Wearable computers areespecially useful for applications thatrequire more complex computationalsupport than just hardware codedlogics.

One of the main features of awearable computer is consistency.

There is a constant interaction between the computer and user, i.e.there is no need to turn the device onor off. Another feature is the ability tomulti-task. It is not necessary to stopwhat you are doing to use the device;it is augmented into all other actions.These devices can be incorporated by

the user to act like a prosthetic. It can

therefore be an extension of the usersmind and/or body.

Many issues are common to the

wearables as with mobile computing, ambient intelligence and ubiquitouscomputing research communities, including power management andheat dissipation, softwarearchitectures, wireless and personalarea networks.

The International Symposium onWearable Computers is the longest-running academic conference on thesubject of wearable computers.

As indicated by its name, the objective

of mobile telecommunications systems

is to provide communication between

mobile distant persons. These systems

only supported direct voice

communication or telephony between

two participants, but supplementary

services like call forwarding, barring

and voice mail were added later on.

The mobile telephony service is

realized by components represented

by grey ovals that are distributed both
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on the mobile phone, also called

Mobile Station (MS) and on the mobile

network. On the MS, there are

components both on the Mobile

Equipment (ME) and on the subscriber

Identity Module (SIM).

It does not take long time

before there is a need for more

advanced call control services like call

forwarding, barring, voice mail,

premium call, etc. As shown in Figure

3 an IN (Intelligent Network [1])

Service Control Point (SCP) is

introduced in the mobile network to

allow the implementation of

supplementary services. It is worth

mentioning that these services are

derivatives centered around the voice

communication service. Another

restriction is that the SCP is

implemented on equipment

manufacturer proprietary

technologies. The SCP is also located

inside the telecom operator domain

making third party service

development difficult.

The telecom operators want to

have other services than telephony and its derivatives and turn to the

SIM, which are their property.

Unfortunately, although the SIM is a

smart card having both processing

and storage capabilities necessary for

new services. The SIM is supposed to

be the slave executing orders from its

master, the ME. To remedy this, the

SIM Application Tool-kit (SAT) [2] is

introduced to allow

applications/services residing on the


12/18

SIM to control the input and output

units. With SAT it is possible to

develop on the SIM but there are

many restrictions. First SAT

applications should be small in size.

Secondly, the installation of

applications on the SIM is controlled

by operators who are reluctant to

open the access due to security.

SMS-C is responsible to

store and forward messages to and

from mobile phone ( Fig 3). In the

illustration, components used for SMS

are the client (C) in the ME advanced

SMS services are implemented by

perlscripets. Provisioning of SMS

services requires installation of the

above mentioned application on an

SMS Gateway the system running the

SMS Gateway to act as an SMSC itself

(e.g. a PC using a radio modem

through a serial port). To have direct

access to an SMSC requires

cooperation with the operator that

owns the SMSC, which often can

provide a TCP connection for

sending/receiving SMS messages part

of a service. The advantage of the

above solution is that to receive

revenue from generated traffic. The

problem with access to SMS services is

remembering both the service access

number and the additional identifiers

and parameters for a specific service

(the protocol )

Wireless Application Protocol

(WAP) [5] was to provide access to the

WWW on handheld terminals. A

micro browser installed in the Mobile

Equipment is communicating with a

WAP Proxy introduced between the

Internet and the mobile network to

convert Internet protocols to Wireless

binary protocols as shown in Figure 3.

On the terminal side, a WAP browser

is located in the ME and services are

connected to a Web server on the


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network side. Development of WAP

services can be performed by

programming experience. One

restriction of the technology is that it

is not possible to access ordinary web

pages using a WAP browser.

Unlike a

computer, the functionality of the

mobile phones is defined at

manufacture time and it is not

possible to install new applications.

With introduction of the J2ME

CLDC/MIDP vast amount of

sophisticated applications, called

MIDLETS can be found on the

Internet. With J2ME, it is possible to

develop dynamic standalone

applications. When it comes to SMS,

there are still some restrictions in

J2ME, such as access to the standard

inbox for SMS messages on a handset

is not allowed.

This section aims at identifying and

elucidating the advanced pieces and

hence contribute to the definition of

advanced architecture.

Mobility is the ultimate requirement

for mobile services. The mobility

properties of a service are dependent

on the architecture and particularly

on the location of the components

making up the service. Considering a

service as consisting of two

components, service logic and service

content , makes the analysis easier. In

early mobile telecom services the

service logic was embedded in the

edicate hardware components. This

has been a hindrance for development

of flexible services, these services will

by default not be accessible from

outside an operator domain. To

enhance the mobility of ser-vices, it is

necessary to decouple the service logic

from the system components.


14/18


15/18

computing standards on thefleet. One can easily attack theVPN through a huge numberof networks interconnectedthrough the line.

: When apower outlet or portable generator is not available,mobile computers must rely entirely on battery power.Combined with the compact

size of many mobile devices,this often means unusually expensive batteries must beused to obtain the necessary battery life.

:Weather, terrain, and the

range from the nearest signalpoint can all interfere withsignal reception. Reception intunnels, some buildings, andrural areas is often poor.

:People who use mobile deviceswhile driving are oftendistracted from driving arethus assumed more likely to beinvolved in traffic accidents.[3] (While this may seem obvious,there is considerablediscussion about whetherbanning mobile device usewhile driving reduces

accidents or not.[4][5]) Cell

phones may interfere withsensitive medical devices.There are allegations that cellphone signals may causehealth problems.[citation needed ]

:Screens and keyboards tend tobe small, which may makethem hard to use. Alternateinput methods such as speechor handwriting recognition

require training.

As oppose to the benefits of being ableto access information from any location through wirelesstransmission, there is it faults with theneed for security protection. In awireless mobile communicationenvironment, the messagestransmitted over the wireless mediumare more susceptible to eavesdroppingthan in a wired network. Also, it ispossible for any user to access themobile communication system usingfalse identity.

In order to provide security fromeavesdropping or false identities,systems use encryption. whichprovides confidentiality of themessages sent over wireless channeland to authenticate. The main idea is

to conceal the content of the messages
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before transmitting them in clear(radio signals).

Main articles:Mobile device and Portable computer

There are several categories of portable computing devices that canrun on batteries but are not usually classified as laptops: portable

computers, keyboardless tablet PCs,Internet tablets, PDAs, ultra mobilePCs (UMPCs) and smartphones.

A portable computer is a general-purpose computer that can be easily moved from place to place, but cannotbe used while in transit, usually

because it requires some "setting-up"and an AC power source. The mostfamous example is the Osborne 1. Portable computers are also called a"transportable" or a "luggable" PC.

A tablet computer that lacks akeyboard (also known as a non-convertible tablet) is shaped like slateor a paper notebook, features atouchscreen with a stylus andhandwriting recognition software.Tablets may not be best suited forapplications requiring a physicalkeyboard for typing, but are otherwisecapable of carrying out most tasks thatan ordinary laptop would be able toperform.

A personal digital assistant (PDA) is asmall, usually pocket-sized, computerwith limited functionality. It isintended to supplement and tosynchronize with a desktop computer, giving access to contacts, addressbook, notes, e-mail and other features.

A Palm TX PDA

A PDA with a web browser is an, an Internet appliance

in tablet form. Unlike a tablet PC, anInternet tablet does not have muchcomputing power and its applicationssuite is limited, and it can not replacea general purpose computer. Internettablets typically feature an MP3 andvideo player, a web browser, a chatapplication and a picture viewer.

An ultra mobile PC is a full-featured,PDA-sized computer running a general-purpose operating system.

A smartphone has a wide range of features and installable applications.

A carputer is a computing deviceinstalled in an automobile. It operatesas a wireless computer, sound system,
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GPS, and DVD player. It also containsword processing software and isbluetooth compatible.[6]

A Fly Fusion Pentop Computer is acomputing device the size and shapeof a pen. It functions as a writingutensil, MP3 player, languagetranslator, digital storage device, andcalculator.[7]

Boundaries that separate these

categories are blurry at times. Forexample, the OQO UMPC is also aPDA-sized tablet PC; the Apple eMate had the clamshell form factor of alaptop, but ran PDA software. The HP Omnibook line of laptops includedsome devices small more enough to becalled ultra mobile PCs. The hardware

of the Nokia 770 internet tablet isessentially the same as that of a PDAsuch as the Zaurus 6000; the only reason it's not called a PDA is that itdoes not have PIM software. On theother hand, both the 770 and theZaurus can run some desktop Linuxsoftware, usually with modifications.

Wireless data connections used inmobile computing take three generalforms.[8] Cellular data service usestechnologies such as GSM, CDMA orGPRS, and more recently 3G networkssuch as W-CDMA, EDGE or

CDMA2000.[9][10]

These networks areusually available within range of

commercial cell towers. Wi-Fi connections offer higherperformance,[11] may be either on aprivate business network or accessedthrough public hotspots, and have atypical range of 100 feet indoors andup to 1000 feet outdoors.[12] SatelliteInternet access covers areas wherecellular and Wi-Fi are not available[13] and may be set up anywhere the userhas a line of sight to the satellite'slocation,[14] which for satellites in geostationary orbit means having anunobstructed view of the southernsky .[8] Some enterprise deploymentscombine networks from multiplecellular networks or use a mix of cellular, Wi-Fi and satellite.[15] Whenusing a mix of networks, a mobilevirtual private network (mobile VPN)

not only handles the security concerns, but also performs themultiple network logins automatically and keeps the application connectionsalive to prevent crashes or data lossduring network transitions orcoverage loss.[16][

6. Conclusion:This paper presents an

analysis of the evolutionary path of

mobile services, from early voice

communication services to prospects

of future service possibilities. It is

argued that increasing openness can
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly_Fusion_Pentop_Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly_Fusion_Pentop_Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly_Fusion_Pentop_Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OQOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OQOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OQOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMate_300http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMate_300http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMate_300http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Omnibookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Omnibookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Omnibookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Omnibookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_770http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_770http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_770http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharp_Zaurushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharp_Zaurushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharp_Zaurushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirelesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirelesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-Ositech-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-Ositech-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Packet_Radio_Servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Packet_Radio_Servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-CDMA_%28UMTS%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-CDMA_%28UMTS%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-CDMA_%28UMTS%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_Data_Rates_for_GSM_Evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_Data_Rates_for_GSM_Evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_Data_Rates_for_GSM_Evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMA2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotspot_%28Wi-Fi%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotspot_%28Wi-Fi%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotspot_%28Wi-Fi%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internet_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internet_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internet_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internet_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line-of-sight_propagationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line-of-sight_propagationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line-of-sight_propagationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-Ositech-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-Ositech-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-Ositech-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash_%28computing%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash_%28computing%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash_%28computing%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash_%28computing%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_virtual_private_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-Ositech-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line-of-sight_propagationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internet_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internet_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotspot_%28Wi-Fi%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMA2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_Data_Rates_for_GSM_Evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-CDMA_%28UMTS%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Packet_Radio_Servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_division_multiple_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-Ositech-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirelesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharp_Zaurushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_770http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Omnibookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Omnibookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMate_300http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OQOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly_Fusion_Pentop_Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_computing#cite_note-5


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help excel the future of mobile

services. Each of the concepts

discussed around mobile services in

this paper are on their own and of

research and they must be further

elaborated in separate studies. Thus,

the discussions in this paper are

preliminary and do address only the

basic structures and further works

will be carried out.

REFERENCES

1. http://mobileman.projects.supsi

.ch/glossary.html 2. http://www.distraction.gov/stat

s-and-facts/ 3. http://handsfreeinfo.com/study

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4. http://news.cnet.com/8301-30686_3-10444717-

266.html 5. http://www.engadget.com/tag/c

arputer/ 6. http://www.geardiary.com/200

7/10/07/the-fly-fusion-pentop-computer-review/

7. "Wireless DataCommunications for

Beginners", Ositech
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