GPU GPU –– Graphic Processing Graphic Processing UnitUnit

Hao YuHao Yu

Computer Architecture and Computer Architecture and DesignDesign

ContentContent

• InstructionInstruction

• HistoryHistory

• Different types of GPUsDifferent types of GPUs

• Recent DevelopmentRecent Development

InstructionInstruction

• GPU (graphics processing unit ) is a GPU (graphics processing unit ) is a RISC specialized processor that RISC specialized processor that offloads 3D graphics rendering from offloads 3D graphics rendering from microprocessor.microprocessor.

InstructionInstruction

• GPUs are mainly used in embedded GPUs are mainly used in embedded systems, mobile phones, personal systems, mobile phones, personal computers, workstations and game computers, workstations and game consoles.consoles.

HistoryHistory

•1970s:1970s: ANTIC and CTIA chips provided for hardware control of ANTIC and CTIA chips provided for hardware control of mixed graphics and text modes, sprite positioning and mixed graphics and text modes, sprite positioning and display, and other operations based on Atari 8-bit display, and other operations based on Atari 8-bit computers.computers.

•1980s:1980s: IBM Professional Graphics Controller was one of the very IBM Professional Graphics Controller was one of the very first 2D/3D graphics accelerators available for the IBM PC, first 2D/3D graphics accelerators available for the IBM PC, released in 1984. But it was expensive, slow and lack of released in 1984. But it was expensive, slow and lack of compatibility.compatibility.

HistoryHistory

•1990s:1990s: S3 Graphics introduced the first single-chip 2D accelerator S3 Graphics introduced the first single-chip 2D accelerator (S3 86C911); in mid-1990s, PlayStation and Nintendo 64 (S3 86C911); in mid-1990s, PlayStation and Nintendo 64 developed hardware-accelerated 3D graphics for the developed hardware-accelerated 3D graphics for the requirement of game market.requirement of game market.

•2000s:2000s: NVIDIA was first to produce a chip capable of NVIDIA was first to produce a chip capable of programmable shading, GeForce 3 (NV20); Oct. 2002, ATI programmable shading, GeForce 3 (NV20); Oct. 2002, ATI Radeon 9700 (R300), was introduced as the world’s first Radeon 9700 (R300), was introduced as the world’s first Direct3D 9.0 accelerator.Direct3D 9.0 accelerator.

GPUsGPUs

Tseng Labs ET4000/W32p

S3 Graphics ViRGE

3dfx Voodoo3

Different types of GPUsDifferent types of GPUs

• Dedicated Graphics CardDedicated Graphics Card

• Integrated GraphicsIntegrated Graphics

• Hybrid GraphicsHybrid Graphics

Recent Development – Recent Development – Larrabee Larrabee

Recent Development – Recent Development – Larrabee Larrabee • Differences from other GPUsDifferences from other GPUs 1. Larrabee will use the x86 instruction set 1. Larrabee will use the x86 instruction set

with Larrabee-specific extensions;with Larrabee-specific extensions;

2. Larrabee will feature cache coherency 2. Larrabee will feature cache coherency across all its cores;across all its cores;

3. Larrabee will include little specialized 3. Larrabee will include little specialized graphics hardware, by using a tile-based graphics hardware, by using a tile-based rendering way.rendering way.

• More flexibleMore flexible

ReferenceReference

• [1]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit[1]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit

• [2]http://computershopper.com/feature/[2]http://computershopper.com/feature/200704_the_right_gpu_for_you200704_the_right_gpu_for_you

• [3]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrabee_(GPU)#cite_note-[3]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrabee_(GPU)#cite_note-siggraph-9siggraph-9

• [4]“Larrabee: A Many-Core x86 Architecture for Visual [4]“Larrabee: A Many-Core x86 Architecture for Visual Computing”, Kruger and Westermann, International Conf. Computing”, Kruger and Westermann, International Conf. on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, 2005 on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, 2005

Thanks!Thanks!