Gr. 12 & 13 Maths - tamil.pmd edaswarphysics.weebly.com/uploads/4/6/2/1/46211853/maths_12_syllabus.pdfcs;slf;fk; gf;fk; 01. mwpKfk; ii 02. ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs; iii 03. nghJf;Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;

fy;tpg;nghJj; juhjug;gj;jpuk;fy;tpg;nghJj; juhjug;gj;jpuk;fy;tpg;nghJj; juhjug;gj;jpuk;fy;tpg;nghJj; juhjug;gj;jpuk;fy;tpg;nghJj; juhjug;gj;jpuk;

(cau;juk;)(cau;juk;)(cau;juk;)(cau;juk;)(cau;juk;)

juk; - 12> 13juk; - 12> 13juk; - 12> 13juk; - 12> 13juk; - 12> 13

fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk;

ghlj;jpl;lk;ghlj;jpl;lk;ghlj;jpl;lk;ghlj;jpl;lk;ghlj;jpl;lk;

fzpjj;jpizf;fsk;fzpjj;jpizf;fsk;fzpjj;jpizf;fsk;fzpjj;jpizf;fsk;fzpjj;jpizf;fsk;

Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

kfufkkfufkkfufkkfufkkfufk

20092009200920092009

cs;slf;fk;cs;slf;fk;cs;slf;fk;cs;slf;fk;cs;slf;fk;

gf;fk;gf;fk;gf;fk;gf;fk;gf;fk;

01. mwpKfk; ii

02. ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs; iii

03. nghJf;Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; iv

04. fw;gpj;jy; Kiwik v

05. ghlj;jpl;lk; 1

1-20

06. juk; 12> 13 ,w;fhd jiyg;Gf;fSk; cj;Njr ghlNtisfSk; 33 21-

22

07. kjpg;gPL 35

23

08. ghlrhiyf; nfhs;ifAk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lKk; 36

24

09. Fwpg;gPL 38

25-29

i

01. mwpKfk;01. mwpKfk;01. mwpKfk;01. mwpKfk;01. mwpKfk;

f.ngh.j (cau;juk;) - cau; fzpjk;f.ngh.j (cau;juk;) - cau; fzpjk;f.ngh.j (cau;juk;) - cau; fzpjk;f.ngh.j (cau;juk;) - cau; fzpjk;f.ngh.j (cau;juk;) - cau; fzpjk;

gps;isfisj; jw;fhy cyfpw;Nfw;wthW Mf;fG+u;tkhdtu;fshf khw;WtNj fy;tpapd; Nehf;fkhFk;. ,jid miltjw;F>

fhyj;jpd; Njitf;Nfw;g ghlrhiyf; fy;tpj;jpl;lk; GJg;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

2009 Mk; Mz;L f.ngh.j cau;juj;jpy; Nju;r;rp ikag; ghlj;jpl;lk; mwpKfQ; nra;aj; jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. f.ngh.j

(cau;juk;) ,ize;j fzpjk; 1998Mk; Mz;by; jpUj;jpaikf;fg;gl;lJ. Nju;r;rp> Nju;r;rp kl;lk;> fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; Kiwik>

kjpg;gPl;L Kiwfs; vd;gd Kd;du; NghJkhd msT cs;slf;fg;glhikap dhNyNa Kd;dUs;s ghlj;jpl;lk; jpUj;jpaikf;f

Ntz;b Vw;gl;lJ. jw;NghJs;s ghlj;jpl;lkhdJ cs;slf;f ikakhff;nfhz;L mikf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jidj; Nju;r;rp ikag;

ghlj;jpl;lkhf khw;WtNj ,j;jpl;lkhFk;.

2007 Mk; Mz;by; juk;; 6> 10 ,Yk;> 2008Mk; Mz;by; juk; 7> 11 ,Yk; mwpKfQ; nra;ag;gl;l Nju;r;rpikag; ghlj;jpl;lj;ijj;

njhlu;e;J> mk;khztu;fs; juk; 12 ,w;F 2009 Mz;L tUk;NghJ f.ngh.j (cau;juk;) tFg;Gf;fspy; Nju;;r;rpikag; ghlj;jpl;lj;ijj;

njhlUtjw;F ,k;khw;wk; nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; fzpdpapd; gpuNahfkhdJ> capupay; tpQ;Qhdj;jpYk; r%f tpQ;Qhdj;jpYk; fzpj El;gq;fspd; ghtidia

mjpfupj;jpUg;gjhy;> f.ngh.j (cau;juk;) tFg;Gf;fspy; mtw;iwf; fw;gpf;f Ntz;ba Gjpaepiy cUthfpAs;sJ.

NkNy $wg;gl;l epiyikia fUj;jpw;nfhz;L Kjd; Kiwahf f.ngh.j. cau; juj;jpy; %d;whtJ ghlkhf ~~fzpjk;|| 1998,y;

mwpKfQ; nra;ag;gl;lJ.

,g;nghOJ ~~fzpjk;|| ghlj;jpl;lk; jpUj;jpaikf;fg;gl;L fzpjk; I> J}a fzpjg; gFjpfisAk;> fzpjk; II epfo;jfT> Gs;sptpgutpay;

gFjpfisAk; nfhz;ljhf xOq;fikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

,ize;j fzpjk; my;yJ cau; fzpjk; f.ngh.j. (cau;juk;) ,y; fw;Fk; khztu;fs; ,g;ghlj;ijf; fw;f KbahJ.

ii

02. ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs;02. ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs;02. ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs;02. ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs;02. ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs;

01. fzpjj;jpy; cau; fy;tpiaj; njhlUtjw;fhd mbg;gilf; fzpjj; jpwd;ifs toq;Fjy;.

02. fzpjg; gpurpdq;fSf;Fj; jPu;T fhz;gjw;Fupa jpwd;fis> mDgtq;fis toq;Fjy;.

03. fzpjj;jpy; epahapj;jiy my;yJ ju;f;fuPjpahd rpe;jidia tpUj;jpailar; nra;jy;.

04. fzpjj;ijf; fw;gjw;fhd Mtiyj; J}z;Ljy;.

fzpjj;ijf; fw;gjd; %yk; NkNy jug;gl;Ls;s ,yf;Ffis miltjw;fhf ,g;ghlj;jpl;lk; jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. fzpj mwpit

tpUj;jp nra;tJ kl;Lkd;wp> ehshe;j tho;f;ifapy; fzpj mwpitg; gpuNahfpf;Fk; jpwid tpUj;jp nra;tjw;Fk; gz;Grhu;

tpUj;jpia tsu;g;gjw;Fk; vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ.

Nju;r;rpkl;l ,g;ghlj;jpl;lj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;Jk;NghJ fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; nraw;ghLfspy;>

• fUj;Js;s fz;lwpjy; KiwahdJ> khztu; ikaf; fw;wYf;F topfhl;Lk;.

• khztupd; kl;lj;jpw;F Vw;g Nju;r;rpfis toq;Fk;.

• Mrpupaupd; ,yf;Ffs; kpfTk; Fwpg;ghdjhf mikAk;.

• xt;nthU Nju;r;rp kl;lj;jpYk;> khztupd; epiyia ,dq;fhz;gjd; %yk; Njitahd gpd;D}l;liy toq;f KbAk;.

toikahd fw;gpjjy; KiwfspypUe;J tpyfp> Mrpupau;; khztu;fsplj;J cUkhw;wg; gq;fspg;igr; nra;a KbAk;.

,g;ghlj;jpl;lj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;Jifapy;> jug;gl;Ls;s jiyg;Gf;fspy;> ,d;iwa NjitfSf;F Vw;wthW gy;NtW epiyikfisj;

njhlu;GgLj;jp Gjpa fw;gpj;jy; cj;jpfis Mrpupau; tFg;giwfspy; gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.

xt;nthU Nju;r;rpkl;lj;ijAk;> fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; Kiwapy; fUJtjhy; Mrpupau; fSf;F khztupd; milTkl;lj;ij kjpg;gpLtJ

,yFthdjhFk;.

iii

03. nghJf;Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;03. nghJf;Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;03. nghJf;Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;03. nghJf;Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;03. nghJf;Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;

khztu;fs; gpd;tUtdtw;iwr; nra;Jfhl;Lk; jpwikAilatu;fshf tpsq;f Ntz;Lk;.

1. fzpj tpgupg;Gf;fhf cz;ikahd cyfepiy (gpur;rpid) apypUe;J gpupj;jwpjy;.

2. epiyikia tpgupf;fg;nghUj;jkhd fzpjf; fUtpiaj; njupTnra;J cgNahfpj;jy;.

3. fzpjg; gpurpdq;fSf;Fj; jPu;Tfhzy;> vspjhf;fy;> mz;zsthf;fy;

4. jug;gl;l gpurpdk; njhlu;ghd tpisit tpsq;fpf;nfhs;sf;$bathW tpsf;fkspj;jYk;> njhlu;ghlYk;.

5. Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l my;yJ njupe;njLf;fg;gl;l fzpj khjpupfspd; vy;iyfis tpsq;fpf;nfhs;sy;.

iv

04. fw;gpj;jy; Kiwik04. fw;gpj;jy; Kiwik04. fw;gpj;jy; Kiwik04. fw;gpj;jy; Kiwik04. fw;gpj;jy; Kiwik

khztu;fs; ,g;ghl newpapD}lhf vjpu;ghu;j;j tpisitg; ngWtij ,yFthf;f gy;NtW tpjkhd fw;gpj;jy; cghaq;fisg;

gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. khztu;fs;> jq;fsJ fzpjj; njhlu;ghlypy; Nkk;gl Ntz;Lkhapd; jkJ rf khztu;fSlDk; MrpupaUlDk;

nghUs; tpsq;fpf; fye;Jiuahly;> jPu;Tfhzy;> tpsf;Fjy; Nghd;w nraw;ghLfspy; <LgLk; re;ju;g;gk; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

NkYk; vOj;jpy; khj;jpukpd;wp tha;%yj; njhlu;ghly;> glq;fis cgNahfpj;jy;> vz;> FwpaPL> nrhw;gpuNahfq; fis cgNahfpj;jy;

Nghd;;wtw;wpy; njhlu;ghly; epfo;j;j Cf;Ftpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

khztu;fs; gy;topfspy; fw;fpwhu;fs;. khztu;fs; fl;Gyd;> nrtpg;Gyd; clw;jir mirTfs; my;yJ gy;NtW Gyd;fspD}lhff;

fw;fpwhu;fs;. fw;wy; ghzp tPr;Rf;fspy; gy fhuzpfs; nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;Jfpd;wd. kpfg;nghUj;jkhd fw;gpj;jy; cghaj;ijj;

jPu;khdpg;gjw;F ,f;fhuzpfs; xt;nthd;iwAk; fUj;jpw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. khztu;fs; fzpjj;ijf; fw;Fk; Kiwapy; fyhr;rhu

r%fg; gpd;dzpfs; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tpisit Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd vd;gij Ma;Tfs; njuptpf;fpd;wd. ,t;NtWghLfs; milahsk;

fhzg;gl;L> gy;NtW tpjkhd fw;gpj;jy; cghaq;fisg; gad;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; fzpj mwpT> jpwd; vd;gtw;wpd; tpUj;jpapy; rfy

khztu;fSk; rktha;g;igg; ngw KbAk;.

tFg;nghd;wpy; KO khztu;fSf;Fk; fw;gpj;jy; epfOk;NghJ ngupa FOtpDs; fw;wy; epfoKbAk;. khztu;fs; jkJ FOtpYs;s

Vida mq;fj;jtu;fSld;> ,ilj; njhlu;GWk;NghJ rpwpa FOtpDs; fw;wy; epfo KbAk;. khztd; xUtd; ,d;ndhU

khztDld; my;yJ MrpupaUld; ,ilj;njhlu;GWk;NghJ jdpegu; kl;lj;jpy; fw;wy; epfo KbAk;. vdNt rfy xOq;FfSk;

fzpj tFg;giwapy; jj;jkf;Fupa ,lj;ijg; ngWfpd;wd.

v

05. ghlj;jpl;lk;05. ghlj;jpl;lk;05. ghlj;jpl;lk;05. ghlj;jpl;lk;05. ghlj;jpl;lk;

1. nka;naz; njhFjp

iag ; gFg ; gha ;T

nra;thu;.

01

Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ghlghlghlghlghl

Ntisfs;Ntisfs;Ntisfs;Ntisfs;Ntisfs;

• vz; njhFjpapd; tpupT

• vz;fSf;fhdj; njhilf; Fwpg;gPL

• nka;naz; xd;wpw;fhd Nfj;jpufzpj tif Fwpg;G

• nka;naz;izj; jrkkhf tiff;Fwpj;jy;

• KbTW jrkk;

• kPSk; jrkk;

• Kbtpy; jrkk;

• NrLfSk; cs;spl;l NfhitfSk;

• Neu; epiwnaz; mLf;Ff; Fwpfs;

• kiw G+r;rpa mLf;Ff; Fwpfs;

• gpd;d mLf;Ff; Fwpfs;

• gFjpnaz;fis tpfpjKWtjhf;Fjy;

1.1 nka;naz; njhilia tifg;

gLj;Jthu;.

1.2 nka;naz;fisj; njhlu;ghly;

nra;tjw;F NrLfs;> jrkq;fs;

vd;gtw;iw cgNahfpg;ghu;.

1.3 nka;naz;izj; njhlu;ghly;

nra;tjw;F mLf;Ff;Fwpfis

Ak; gad;gLj;Jthu;.

02

04

06

fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk; I

Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ghl ghl ghl ghl ghl


2. njhil ml;ru fzpjj;

ijf; ifahs;thu;.

2.1 gpurpdq;fisj; jPu;g;gjw;F>

njhilfSld; njhlu;ghd

mbg;gilf; fzpjr; nra;if

fisg; gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

2.2 gpurpdq;fisj; jPu;g;gjw;Fj;

njhil ml;ru fzpjj;ijg;

gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

2.3 njhilr; nra;iffspd; %yk;

ju;f;f uPjpahd njhlu;Gfisf;

$Wthu;.

• njhilfs;

• njhil nkhopAk; njhilapd; %yfq;fSk;

• mfpyj; njhil> #dpaj;njhil> KbTW

njhilfs;> Kbtpy; njhilfs;> njhilapd;

Kjypik

• rktYj; njhil> rknjhil> njhilg; gpupTfs;>

Kiwikj; njhilg; gpupTfs;> tYj;njhil

• njhilr; nra;iffs;

• ,ilntl;L> xd;wpg;G> tpj;jpahrk;

• epug;gp> rhu; epug;gp

• vd;w #j;jpuk;

• vLg;Gf;fs; njhlu;ghd nka;;j; njhilfs;

• vd;w vLg;gpdJ nka;j; njhil ,dJ

tiutpyf;fzk;

• njhilr; nra;iffSf;Fk; ju;f;fuPjpahd

njhlu;GfSf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s njhlu;G

03

05

10

02



2.4 njhilfSf;fpilapyhd njf;

fhl;bd; ngUf;fj;ijf; $Wthu;.

2.5 njhlu;nghd;iw tupirg;gl;l

Nrhbfspd; %yk; $Wthu;.

2.6 njhlu;fisg; gFg;gha;T nra;

thu;.

• tupirg;gl;l Nrhbfs;

• ngUf;fj; njhil

• ,uz;L njhilfspd; ngUf;fk;

• ngUf;fj; njhilapd; tpupT

• %d;W my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l njhilfSf;F

njf;fhl;bd; tpupT

• njhlu;Gfis tiuaWj;jYk; mtw;wpw;fhd

cjhuzq;fSk;

• tupirg;gl;l Nrhbfspd; tbtpYs;s njhlu;Gfs;

• ngUf;fj; njhilapd; njhilg; gpupthfj;

njhlu;G> ,jw;fhd cjhuzq;fs;

• njhlu;gpd; Ml;rp> tPr;R

• cs;shd> Nkyhd njhlu;Gfs;

• Neu;khW njhlu;Gfs;

• tiutpyf;fzk;> cjhuzq;fs;

• rktYj; njhlu;Gfs;

• gpd;tis njhlu;G> rkr;rPu;j; njhlu;G> fle;

Njfw; njhlu;G> njhilnahd;wpd; gpupg;G> ,tw;

wpw;fhd cjhuzq;fs;

• rktd;ik tFg;Gf;fs;

02

10

06

03


Ntisfs; Ntisfs; Ntisfs; Ntisfs; Ntisfs;

3. xUkhwpr; rhu;Gfisg;

gFg;gha;T nra;thu;.3.1 rhu;Gfs; gw;wp Muha;thu;.

3.2 rhu;GfSf;fpilapyhd njhlu;G

fisg; gw;wp Muha;thu;.

3.3 xUkhwpg ; gy;YWg;g pfis

Muha;thu;.

• xd;W - xd;W my;yJ gy - xd;W vd;w njhlu;ghf

rhu;G gw;wpa vz;zf;fU

• rhu;nghd;wpd; tiutpyf;fzk;

• Ml;rp> tPr;R gw;wpa tpsf;fk;> xd;W - xd;W

rhu;Gfs;> ,d; Nky; rhu;Gfs; ,tw;wpw;fhd

cjhuzq;fs;

• rhu;nghd;wpd; tiuG

• vspa rhu;Gfs;

• Nru;j;jpr; rhu;Gfs;

• ,uz;L rhu;Gfspd; Nru;f;if> ,jw;fhd

cjhuzq;fs;

• Neu;khW rhu;Gfs;

• tiutpyf;fzk;> cjhuzq;fs;> ru;trkr; rhu;G

• xUkhwpg; gy;YWg;gpr; rhu;Gfs;

• rhu;gpd; gb> Ke;JWk; cWg;Gk; Ke;JWk;

FzfKk;

• ru;trkg; gy;YWg;gpfspd; ,ay;Gfs;

07

07

02

04



3.4 gy;YWg;gpfSldhd fzpjr;

nra;iffisr; nra;thu;.

3.5 ,Ugbr; rhu;nghd;wpd; ,ay;G

fis Muha;thu;.

3.6 ,Ugbr; rhu;gpd; G+r;rpag; ngW

khdj;ijj; jUk; ,Ugbr;

rkd;ghl;il Muha;thu;.

• gy;YWg;gpfSldhd fzpjr; nra;iffs;

• $l;ly;> fopj;jy;

• ngUf;fy;

• tFj;jy;> neLk; tFj;jy;

• Vfgupkhzf; Nfhitnahd;wpdhy; njhFg;G

Kiw tFj;jy;

• kPjpj; Njw;wk;

• fhuzpj; Njw;wk;

• ,Ugbr; rhu;Gfs;

• ,Ugbr; rhu;nghd;wpd; epiwtu;f;fk;

• gpupj;Jf;fhl;b

• ,opTg; ngWkhdk;> cau;Tg; ngWkhdk;

• tiuig tiujy;

• ,Ugbr; rhu;Gfspd; ,ay;Gfisg; gpuNahfpf;ff;

$ba cjhuzq;fs;

• ,Ugbr; rkd;ghLfs;

• ,Ugbr; rkd;ghnlhd;wpd; tiuG Kiwj; jPu;T

• fhuzpahf;fy; %yk; jPu;T

• epiwtu;f;fkhf;fy; %yk; jPu;T

• #j;jpuj;jpd; gpuNahfk;

• gpupj;Jf;fhl;b -

• %yq;fisg; gFg;gha;T nra;jy;

• nka;ahd Ntwhd %yq;fs;

• nka;ahd nghUe;Jk; %yq;fs;

• nka;ay;yhj %yq;fs;

05

15

05



• ,U khwpfisf; nfhz;l Vfgupkhzr; rkd;gh

nlhd;wpdJk;> ,U khwpfisf;nfhz;l ,Ugbr;

rkd;ghnlhd;wpdJk; xUq;fikthd jPu;T

• tpfpjKW rhu;Gfs;

• Kiwik tpfpjKW rhu;Gfs;

• Kiwikap;y;yh tpfpjKW rhu;Gfs;

• gFjpg; gpd;dq;fs;

• Kiwik tpfpjKW rhu;Gfspd; gFjpg;

gpd;dq;fs;

• gFjpapy; Ntwhd fhuzpfs; cs;sNghJ

• gFjpapy; kwpje;j (Repeated) fhuzpfs;

cs;sNghJ

• Kiwikapy;yhj tpfpjKW rhu;Gfspd; gFjpg;

gpd;dq;fs;

• mLf;Ff;Fwpr; rhu;Gk; mjd; ,ay;GfSk;

• rdj;njhif mjpfupj;jy;> Fiwjy; njhlu;ghd

tiuGfs;

• ,d; tiutpyf;fzk;

• ,d; tiuG

• ,d; ,ay;Gfs;

• klf;if rhu;Gk; mjd; ,ay;GfSk;

• ,d; tiuG

• klf;if mbkhw;wk;

• $l;L tl;b> pH ngWkhdk;> fjpupaf;ff; fhyy;>

rdj;njhif mjpfupg;G Nghd;w cjhuzq;fs;

15

05

06

3.7 tpfpjKW rhu;igg; gFjpg;

gpd;dq;fshf Ntwhf;Fthu;.

3.8 mLf;Ff;Fwpr; rhu;igAk; mjd;

Neu;khW rhu;igAk; gFg;gha;T

nra;thu;.

06

• vspa ml;rufzpjr; rkdpypfs;

• Vfgupkhz rkdpypfs;> ,Ugbr; rkdpypfisf;

ifahs;jy;

( gy;YWg;gpapd;gb )

0

( > gy;YWg;gpapd;gb )

• kl;Lf; Fwpapd; gpuNahfk;

• kl;Lr; rhu;Gfs;

• kl;Lf; Fwpfisf; nfhz;l vspa rkdpypfisj;

jPu;j;jy;

4. vspa ml;ru fzpjr;

rkdpypfisf; if

ahs;thu;.

4.1 Vfgupkhz rkdpypfis ,U

gbr; rkdpypfisf; nfhz;l

gpurpdq;fisj; jPu;g;ghu;.

4.2 kl;Lf;fisf;nfhz;l gpurpdq;

fisj; jPu;g;ghu;.



10

10

07

5. njupjy;> xOq;FgLj;

jy; vd;gtw;wpw;fhd

fzpj khjpupfshf

tupir khw;wj;ijAk;>

Nru;khdj;ijAk; cg

Nahfpg;ghu;.



07

5.1 fzpjg; gpurpdq;fisj; jPu;g;gw;

Fupa xU El;gkhf tupir

khw;wj;ij cgNahfpg;ghu;.

5.2 fzpjg; gpurpdq;fisj; jPu;g;gjw;

Fupa xU El;gkhfr; Nru;khdj;

ij cgNahfpg;ghu;.

08

• vz;ZtJ njhlu;ghd Muk;gf; Nfhl;ghL

• cjhuzq;fSld; tpsf;Fjy;

• fhuzPaf; FwpaPL

• NtWNtwhd nghUl;fs; njhlu;ghd tupir

khw;wq;fs; - vd;w Fwpg;gPL

• xj;j nghUl;fs; rpytw;iwf; nfhz;lJkhd

nghUl;fspypUe;J ngwg;gLk; tupir khw;wq;fs;

(tl;l xOq;fpy; tupir khw;wk;)

• NtWNtwhd %d;W my;yJ ehd;F nghUl;fisf;

nfhz;L Nru;khdk; gw;wpa vz;zf;fUit

cUthf;fy;

• Ntwhd nghUl;fspypUe;J jlitf;F tPjk;

vLj;J mikf;fg;gLk; Nru;khdq;fspd;

vz;zpf;if.

vd;w Fwpg;gPL@ > vd;gtw;wpd; rpwg;ghd

ngWkhdq;fisf;nfhz;l gpurpdq;fs; fUj;jpw;

nfhs;sg;gLk;.

vd;w Fwpg;gPL

6. <UWg;Gj; Njw;wj;ijg;

gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

20

12



09

,d; ,ay;Gfs;

• tupirg;gl;l khjpupnaLj;jy;

• gpujpitg;gw;w khjupnaLj;jy;

• gpujpitg;Gldhd khjpupnaLj;jy;

• <UWg;G tpuptpd; Fzfq;fis vd;w tbtpy;

vLJ;Jiuj;jy; %yk; vd;gtw;wpd;

tpupT.

• vd;gjd; gpuNahfk;

• vd;gjd; gpuNahfk;



10

7. vspa njhlnuhd;wpd;

$l;Lj;njhifiaf;

fhz;ghu;.

7.1 $l;ly; njhlu;> ngUf;fy;

njhlu; nfhz;l gpurpdq;fisj;

jPu;g;ghu;.

7.2 nghJ cWg;ghdJ gy;YWg;gp

nahd;whfNth my;yJ tpfpj

KW rhu;ngd;whfNth cs;s

njhlu;fisf; fhl;Lthu;.

05

08

• njhlup> njhlu;> nghJ cWg;G > $l;ly; Fwpg;gPL

• $l;ly; tpUj;jp> nghJ cWg;G> ncWg;Gf;fs;

tiuahd $l;Lj;njhif> gpuNahfk;

• ngUf;fy; njhlu;

• ngUf;fy; tpUj;jp> nghJ cWg;G> n cWg;Gf;fs;

tiuahd $l;Lj;njhif> gpuNahfk;.

• njhlu;fspd; $l;ly;

•

vd;w tbtpyhdit.

• njhlu;fspd; $l;ly;

• tpj;jpahrKiw

• gFjpg;gpd;dq;fshf;Ftjd; %yk;.



11

7.3 njhlu;fspd; $l;lYf;fhff;

fzpjj; njhFj;jwpTf; Nfhl;

ghl;ilg; gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

7.4 Kbtpypj ; njhlnuhd;wpd ;

$l;Lj; njhifia tpgupg;ghu;.

• njhFj;jwpTf; Nfhl;ghL Kiw

• vd;w tbtpyhd NgWfis

epWTk;NghJ fzpjj; njhFj;jwpTf; Nfhl;ghl;bd;

gpuNahfk;.

• vy;iy gw;wpa fUj;J

• mwpKfQ; nra;tjw;F kl;Lk; NJitahd

vy;iy gw;wpa cs;Szu;thd fUj;J.

cjhuzk;: Mf

vd;gtw;wpd; vy;iyfs;.

• Kbtpypj; njhlup xd;wpd; vy;iy

• Kbtpypj; njhlnuhd;wpd; vy;iy

• mbg;gilahd tpj;jpahrr; rkd;ghLfs;

• mwpKfk;@ mjpfupg;Gk; FiwTk;> $l;L tl;b>

Nja;T Nghd;w cjhuzq;fs;

• Kjy; tupir Vfgupkhz tpj;jpahrr; rkd;ghL

fspd; jPu;Tfs;. (Vftpdkhd> Vftpdky;yhj)

• vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf;s

(cjhuzk;: tUlhe;j flid kPsr;nrYj;Jjy;)

• ngUf;fy; njhlupd; xUq;fy;

• Mf ,d; vy;iy

• ngUf;fy; njhlupd; xUq;fy;> Kbtpypf; $l;Lj;

njhif> cjhuzq;fs;.

05

05



12

8. gpurpdq;fisj; jPu;g;g

jw;Fupa xU fzpj

khj p u pahf Jzp

Nfhitfisf; if

ahs;thu;.

8.1 tupir 2> tupir 3 nfhz;l

Jzp Nfhitfspd; ,ay;G

fis tpgupg;ghu;.

8.2 JzpNfhitfisg; gad;gLj;jp

,uz;L my;yJ %d;W khwpf

isf; nfhz;l rkd;ghLfisj;

jPu;g;ghu;.

• mwpKfk;: ,uz;L khwpfisf; nfhz;l xUq;fik

rkd;ghLfspd; %yk;.

• ,ay;Gfs;

• epiufis my;yJ epuy;fis ,ilkhw;Wtjhy;

JzpNfhitapd; Fwp khWk;

• JzpNfhitnahd;wpd; ,U epuy;fs; my;yJ

,U epiufs; ru;trkdhapd; mj;JzpNfhit

apd; ngWkhdk; G+r;rpakhFk;.

• JzpNfhitnahd;wpd; epiunahd;wpy; my;yJ

epunyhd;wpy; cs;s vy;yh %yfq;fSf;Fk;

vd;gJ nghJf;fhuzpahf ,Ug;gpd; vd;gJ

mj;JzpNfhitapd; xU fhuzp MFk;.

• ,uz;L khwpfisf; nfhz;l xUq;fik rkd;ghL

fisj; jPu;g;gjw;F tupir ,uz;L nfhz;l Jzp

Nfhitfisg; gad;gLj;jy;

• %d;W khwpfisf;nfhz;L xUq;fik Vfgupkhdr;

rkd;ghLfspd; jPu;Tfs; JzpNfhit tbtk;.

fpuhkupd; tpjp

06

10



13

9. Xu ; ml ;rufzpjj ;

njhFjpahfj; jhaq;

fisf; ifahs;thu;.

9.1 jhaq;fSldhd ml;ru

fzpjj;ij tpgupg;ghu;.

9.2 rJuj; jhaq;fspd; ,ay;Gfis

Muha;thu;.

• jhak; gw;wpa tiutpyf;fzk;> jhaf; Fwpg;gPL

• jhaq;fspd; $l;ly;

• $l;lYf;fhd xUg;ghL

• $l;lYf;fhd guptu;j;jid tpjpAk;> Nru;j;jp

tpjpAk;

• jhankhd;iw Xu; vz;zpahy; ngUf;Fjy;

• ,U jhaq;fspd; $l;lypd; kPjhd Xu; vz;zpapd;

ngUf;fj;jpd; guk;gy; tpjp

• jhag; ngUf;fk;

• ngUf;fj;Jf;fhf jhaq;fspd; xUg;ghL

• jhag; ngUf;fk; guptu;j;jidahdjy;y.

• rJuj; jhaq;fs;

• myFj; jhak;

• %iytpl;lj; jhak;

• rJuj; jhaq;fs; njhlu;ghd ml;rufzpjk;

• jhag; ngUf;fypd; Nru;j;jp tpjp

• jhaf;$l;lypd;kPJ jhag; ngUf;fypd; guk;gy;

tpjp

,q;F vd;gJ

,d; tupiriaf; nfhz;l myFj; jak;

05



14

9.3 2 2 jhankhd;wpd; Neu;khW

jhaj;ijj; Jzpthu;.

07

05

• vd;gJ ,y; xU gy;YWg;gpahf ,Uf;f

Ij; Jzpjy;

• epiykhw;W

•

•

• Xu; vz;zp

•

• 2 2 jhankhd;wpd; Neu;khW

,d; Neu;khW

•



15

10. gpurpdq;fisj;

jPu;g;gjw;F mz;zs

thf;fy;

10.1. jpupNfhz fzpjr; rhu;Gfis

tpsf;Fthu;.

10.2. jpupNfhz fzpjr; rhu;Gf

isf; Nfj;jpu fzpj Kiw

apy; Muha;thu;.

08

06

• jpupNfhz fzpjr; rhu;Gfs; MwpdJk;

tiutpyf;fzk;

• Nfhsnkhd;wpd; ghif mstPLk;> Miuad;

mstPLk; Nfhznkhd;wpd;

rhu;Gfis tiuaWj;jy;

• xt;nthU fhy;tl;lj;jpYk; jpupNfhz fzpjr;

rhu;Gfspd; Fwpfs;

• vd;gtw;wpd; MW

jpupNfhz fzpjr; rhu;Gfspd; ngWkhdq;fs;.

• jpupNfhz fzpjr; rhu;Gfspd; tiuGfs;

• jpupNfhz fzpjr; rhu;Gfspd; rkr;rPu; ,ay;G>

Mtu;j;jd ,ay;G

• fpil> epiyf;Fj;J ,lk; khw;wk;

cjhuzk;:

vd;gtw;wpd; tiuGfs;

• vd;gtw;wpd; Fwpg;gpl;l ngWkhdq;fSf;F

vd;gjd; tiuG



16

10. gpurpdq;fisj;

jPu;g;gjw;F mz;zs

thf;fy;

10.3 mbg;gilj; jpupNfhz

fzpjr; ru;t rkd;ghLfisf;

$Wthu;.

10.4 jpupNfhz fzpjf; $l;ly;

#j;jpuq;fis cgNahfpg;ghu;.

10.5 Kf;Nfhzp xd;wpw;fhd ird;

#j;jpuk;> Nfhird; #j;jpuk;

vd;gtw;iwg; gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

06

05

08

• igjfurpd; Njw;wj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp mbg;gilj;

jpupNfhz fzpjr; ru;t rkd;ghLfisg; ngWthu;.

•

•

•

• jpupNfhz fzpjf; Nfhitfisr; RUf;Fjy;

• $l;ly; #j;jpuq;fs;

• vd;gtw;wpw;fhd

#j;jpuq;fs;

• vd;gtw;wpw;fhd

#j;jpuq;fs;

• ,ul;ilf;Nfhz> miuf; Nfhzr; #j;jpuq;fs;

• Kf;Nfhzp xd;wpw;fhd ird; #j;jpuk;> Nfhird;

#j;jpuk;

• ,Ugupkhz> Kg;gupkhz vspa gpurpdq;fisj;

jPu;g;gjw;F jpupNfhz fzpjj;ij cgNahfpj;jy;



17

11. njf;fhl;bd; Ms;$W

fspd; %yk; Neu;Nfh

nlhd;iw Muha;thu;.

11.1. njf;fhl;bd; Ms;$Wfspd;

%yk; ,uz;L Gs;spfSf;F

,ilapYs;s J}uk;>

Kf;Nfhzp xd;wpd gug;gsT

vd;gtw;iwf; fhz;ghu;.

11.2. Neu;Nfhnlhd;wpd; rkd;

ghl;il tpgupg;ghu;.

11.3 Neu;Nfhnlhd;iwf; Fwpf;Fk;

rkd;ghLfspd; gy;NtW

tbtq;fis Muha;thu;.

06

02

• nrt;tfj; njf;fhl;bd; Ms;$Wfs;

• Ms;$w;wr;Rf;fs;> Ms;$Wfspd; cw;gj;jp> fpil

Ms;$W> epiy Ms;$W

• ,uz;L Gs;spfSf;fpilapy; cs;s J}uk;

• ,U Gs;spfis ,izf;Fk; Nfhl;il jug;gl;l

tpfpjj;jpy; gpupj;jy;

• cr;rpfs; jug;gl;bUf;f mk;Kf;Nfhzpapd;

gug;gsT

• Neu;NfhL

• Neu;Nfhnlhd;wpd; rha;Tk; gbj;jpwDk;

( mr;Rf;F rkhe;juky;yhj NfhLfSf;F)

• Neu;Nfhnlhd;W

- mr;rpy; Mf;Fk; ntl;Lj;Jz;L

- mr;rpy; Mf;Fk; ntl;Lj;Jz;L

• Neu;Nfhnlhd;wpd; rkd;ghl;bd; gy;NtW tbtq;fs;

• gbj;jpwd; tbtk;

• gbj;jpwd;> ntl;Lj;Jz;L nfhz;l tbtk;

• ,U Gs;spfs; tbtk;



;

11.4 ,U Neu;NfhLfs; ntl;Lk;

Gs;spapD}lhfr; nry;Yk;

ahNjDnkhU Nfhl;bd;

rkd;ghl;ilg; ngWthu;.

11.5 jug;gl;Ls;s Neu;Nfhnlhd;W

rhu;ghf ,U Gs;spfspd;

mikitf; fhz;ghu;.

11.6 ,U Neu;NfhLfSf;fpilapy;

mikAk; Nfhzj;ijf; fhz;

ghu;.

05

02

02

02

• ntl;Lj;Jz;Lfs;

• nghJ tbtk;

• (i) (ii) (iii) MFk;NghJ

nghJtbtr; rkd;ghl;il tpgupj;jy;

• ,U Neu;NfhLfs; ntl;Lk; Gs;sp

• vd;gd xd;iwnahd;W ntl;Lk; ,U Neu;NfhL

fshftpUf;f> vd;w rkd;ghl;il

tpgupg;ghu;.

• jug;gl;Ls;s ,U Gs;spfs;> jug;gl;Ls;s Nfhnlhd;

wpd; xNu gf;fj;jpy; my;yJ vjpu;g;gf;fq;fspy;

miktjw;F Ntz;ba epge;jid

• ,U Neu;NfhLfSf;fpilapy; mikAk; Nfhzk;

• rkhe;juf; NfhLfspd; gbj;jpwd;fSf;fpilapyhd

njhlu;G

• nrq;Fj;jhd NfhLfspd; gbj;jpwd;fSf;fpilapyhd

njhlu;G

18



11.7 Gs;spnahd;wpypUe;J Neu;Nfh

nlhd;wpw;Fs;s nrq;Fj;Jj;

J}uj;ijf;nfhz;L Neu;NfhL

njhlu;ghd tpNrl KbTf

isg; ngWthu;.

12.1 tl;lnkhd;wpd; njf;fhl;bd;

rkd;ghl;ilf; fhz;ghu;.

12.2 tl;lk; xd;iwf; Fwpj;J Gs;sp

xd;wpd; epiyia tpgupg;ghu;.

12.3 tl;lk; xd;iwf; Fwpj;J

Neu;NfhL xd;wpd; mikit

tpgupg;ghu;.

12.4 ntspg;Gs;spnahd;wpypUe;jtl;lj;jpw;F tiuAk; njhlypfs;> njhLifehz; gw;wptpgupg;ghu;.

10

02

01

03

04

• Neu;Nfhnlhd;wpd; gukhdr; rkd;ghL

• Gs;spnahd;wpypUe;J Neu;Nfhl;Lf;Fs;s nrq;Fj;Jj;

J}uk;

• Neu;Nfhnlhd;wpd; kPJ Gs;spnahd;wpd; Mb tbtk;.

• xd;iwnahd;W ntl;Lk; ,U Neu;NfhLfSf;

fpilapy; mikAk; Nfhzq;fspd; ,U $whf;fp

fspd; rkd;ghLfs;.

• cw;gj;jpia ikakhfTk;> jug;gl;l MiuiaAk;

nfhz;l tl;lj;jpd; rkd;ghL.

• jug;gl;l ikaj;ijAk;> MiuiaAk; nfhz;l

tl;lj;jpd; rkd;ghL.

• tl;lj;jpd; nghJr; rkd;ghL. ikak;> Miu

• tl;lk; xd;W Fwpj;J Gs;sp xd;wpd; mikT

• Neu;Nfhnlhd;W> tl;lnkhd;iw ntl;Ltjw;F>

njhLtjw;F> ntl;lhkypg;gUj;w;F Ntz;ba

epge;jid

• tl;lj;jpd; kPJs;s Gs;spnahd;wpy; tl;lj;jpw;F

njhlypapd; rkd;ghL

• ntspg;Gs;sp xd;wpypypUe;J tl;lj;Jf;F tiuAk;

njhlypfspd; ePsKk;> mtw;wpd; rkd;ghLfSk;

• njhLif ehzpd; rkd;ghL

12. tl;lnkhd;wpd; Ms;

$w;Wr; rkd;ghl;il

tpgupg;ghu;.

19


Ntisfs;; Ntisfs;; Ntisfs;; Ntisfs;; Ntisfs;;

13.1 rhu;nghd;wpd; vy;iy %yk;

mjd; njhlu;;r;rpia Muha;

thu;.

13.2 rhu;nghd;wpd; ngWjpia

mjhtJ tifaPl;Lf; Fzfj;

ij tpgupg;ghu;.

13.3 vspa ml;ru fzpj> mLf;Ff;

Fwp> klf;ifr; rhu;Gfspd;

ngWjpfisf; fhz;;ghu;.

02

04

05

• rhu;nghd;W xU Fwpg;gpl;l Mapilapy; njhlu;r;rp

As;sjhjy;

• Gs;spnahd;wpy; rhu;nghd;wpd; ,lJ vy;iy

• Gs;spnahd;wpy; rhu;nghd;wpd; tyJ vy;iy

• Gs;spnahd;wpy; rhu;nghd;Wf;F vy;iy fhzg;

gly;

• Xu; Mapilapy; rhu;nghd;W njhlu;r;rpahjy;

• vd;w Gs;spapy; vd;w rhu;gpd; ngWjp

vd tiuaWj;jy;

• tisap xd;wpYs;s ,uz;L Gs;spfis ,izf;Fk;

Nfhl;bd; vy;iy epiyahdJ. mt;tisapf;F

tiuag;gLk; njhlyp vd;gJ

• njhlypapd; rha;T

• khWk; tPjkhdJ ngWjpapdhy; jug;gLk;

vd;gJ.

• vd;w rhu;Gfspd; ngWjpfs;

13. gpurpdq;fisj; jPu;;g;

gjw;F> rhu;Gfspd;

ngWjpfisg; gpuNah

fpg;ghu;.

20

Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ghlghlghlghlghl


13.4 ,uz;L rhu;Gfspd; $l;lypd;>

ngUf;fj;jpd;> <tpd; (tpfpjj;

jpd;) ngWjpfs; njhlu;ghd

#j;jpuq;fisg; gad;gLj;J

thu;.

13.5 ngWjpiaf; fhz;gjw;Fr;rq;fpyp tpjpiag; gpuNahfpg;

ghu;.

13.6 ngWjpiag; gad;gLj;jp rhu;nghd;wpd; elj;ijiaj; Jzpthu;.

13.7 ngWjpiag; gad;gLj;jp vspatisapfspd; RtLfistiuthu;.

04

04

06

04

• rhu;Gfspd; $l;lypd;> ngUf;fj;jpd;> tpfpjj;jpd;

ngWjpfisg; ngWtjw;fhd tpjpfspd; gpuNahfk;

(tpjpfis epWtj; Njitapy;iy)

•

•

•

•

• mjpfupf;Fk; rhu;G> FiwAk; rhu;G> rhu;Gfspd;

epiyj;j Gs;spfs; (cau;T> ,opT kl;lk;)

• ngWjpfisg; gad;gLj;jp eilKiwg; gpurpdq;f

isj; jPu;j;jy;

• ngWjpiag; gad;gLj;jp vspa tisapfis

tiujy;

•

21



13.8 tifaPl;bd; Neu;khwhfj;njhifaPl;il ,dq;fhz;ghu;.

13.9 epakr; rhu;Gfspd; njhif

aPl;Lg; NgWfis ,dq;fhz;ghu;.

13.10 njhifaPL njhlu;ghd mbg;gilj; Njw;wq;fisg; gpuNahfpj;J tiuaWj;j njhifaPLfisj; Jzpthu;.

13.11 njhifapLtjw;Fg; gy;NtWKiwfisg; gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

02

05

06

02

• ngWjp Kuz; (njhifaPL)> tiuawhj njhifaPL

•

• mbg;gilj; Njw;wq;fspd;

gpuNahfk;

• epakr; rhu;Gfspd; njhifaPL

• Nghd;w rhu;GfSf;F

• tiuaWj;j njhifaPL

• •

• vspa gpujpaPl;L Kiw

•

•

• gFjpg; gpd;d Kiwapy; tpfpjKW rhu;Gfisj;

njhifaply;

22



13.12 gFjpahfj; njhifaply;Kiwia cgNahfpj;JnjhifaPL njhlu;ghdgpurpdq;fisj; jPu;g;ghu;.

13.3 njhifaPl;ilg; gpuNahfpj;Jtisapfspdhy; vy;iyg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s gpuNjrj;jpd; gug;gsitj; Jzpthu;.

13.4 gpurpdq;fisj; jPu;g;gjw;Fmz;zsthf;fy; Kiwiag;gad;gLj;Jthu;.

04

04

02

•

• njhifaPl;bd; gpuNahfk;

• tisap xd;wpd; fPo; milf;fg;gLk; gug;gsT

• ,U tisapfshy; milf;fg;gLk; gug;gsT

• ruptf tpjp

• rpk;rd; tpjpfisg; gad;gLj;jp vz;rhu; njhifaPL

23

1. Gs;sp tpgutpaypd;

mbg;gilfis tpgupg;

ghu;.

24



• Gs;sp tpgutpay; vd;why; vd;d?

• Gs;sp tpgutpaypd; jd;ik

• tpguzg; Gs;sp tpgutpay;

• mDkhdg; Gs;sp tpgutpay;

• epfo;jfT> epfo;jfTg;; guk;gy; tpjpfs;

• tpguzg; Gs;sp tpgutpay;> mDkhdg; Gs;sp

tpgutpay;> epfo;jfT vd;gtw;Wf;fpilapyhd

njhlu;G

• Gs;sp tpgutpay; gpuNahfq;fs;

• juTfSk; jfty;fSk; (nra;jpfSk;)

• gupNrhjidfSk; juTfSk;

• fl;Lg;ghl;Lg; gupNrhjidfs;

• juTfspd; tiffs;

• gpd;dfj; juTfs;

• njhlu; juTfs;

• jfty;fs;

• juTfSf;Fk; jfty;fSf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s

nghUz;ik (significance)

1.1 Gs;sp tpgutpaypd; jd;ikia

Muha;thu;.

1.2 jfty;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;t

jw;fhfj; juTfisf; ifahs;

thu;.

04

06

fzpjk;fzpjk;fzpjk;fzpjk;fzpjk; II

2. juTfisAk; jfty;

fisAk; ,yFthf

tpsq;fpf;nfhs;Sk;

tifapy; Kd;itg;

ghu;.

25



• juTfis Kd;itf;Fk; El;gq;fs;

• juTfis tifg;gLj;jy;

• juTfis tifg;gLj;jy;> xOq;FgLj;Jk;

nra;ifahf

• tifg;gLj;jypd; Nehf;fk;

• tifg;gLj;jypd; mbg;gil

• ml;ltizg;gLj;Jk; El;gq;fs;

• kPbwd; ml;ltiz xd;iw mikj;jy;

• $l;lkhf;fg;glhj kPbwd; guk;gy;

• $l;lkhf;fg;gl;l kPbwd; guk;gy;

• ,Utop ml;ltiz mikj;jy;

• Gs;sp tpgutpay; uPjpahd ml;ltizg;gLj;jypd;

Kf;fpaj;Jtk;.

• tupg;glq;fshf;Fk; El;gq;fs; (Nfj;jpu fzpj

tupg;glq;fs; my;yJ glq;fs;)

• tupg;glk; %yk; Kd;itg;gjd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;

• tupg;glq;fs; Mf;Ftjw;fhd vy;iyfSk;

tpjpfSk;

• Nfj;jpufzpj tbtk;

• ryhif tiuGfs;

• ryhif tiuGfis Mf;Fk; El;gq;fs;

• ryhif tiuGfspd; tiffs;

• tl;l tiuG

• glq;fSk; tupg;glq;fSk;

2.1 juTfisAk; jfty;fisAk;

tifg;gLj;Jthu;.


ml;ltizg;gLj;Jthu;.


tupg;gl Kiwapy; fhl;Lthu;.

06

08

16

3. kPbwd; guk;gnyhd;wpd;

elj;ijia tpgupg;

ghu;.

26



• Nfhl;L tiuGfs;

• xU khwpapYk; $Ljyhd re;ju;g;gq;fspy;

Nfhl;L tiuGfs;

• kPbwd; njhlu;Gfisf; Nfhl;Lg; glq;fshf;Fjy;

• tiyAU tiuak;

• kPbwd; gy;Nfhzp

• xg;gkhd kPbwd; tisap

• Xfpt; tisap (jpus; kPbwd; tisap)

• jpus; rjkiz tisap

• kPbwd; guk;gnyhd;wpd; $l;lypil

• ruhrupfs;

• epiwNaw;wpa ,il

• ngUf;fypil

• ,ir ,il

• kPbwd; guk;gnyhd;wpd; rhu;G mikT mstPLfs;

• ,ilak;

• fhyzfs;

• jrkizfs;

• rjkizfs;

• kPbwd; guk;gnyhd;wpd; Mfhuk;


tiuG %yk; fhl;Lthu;.

3.1 ika ehl;l mstPnlhd;whf

,ilia tpgupg;ghu;.

3.2 rhu; mikT mstPl;Lg; ngW

khdq;fspd; %yk; kPbwd;

guk;giy tpgupg;ghu;.

3.3 ika ehl;l mstPL xd;whf

Mfhuj;ij tpgupg;ghu;.

12

12

06

04

27



• ika ehl;l mstPLfspd; rhu; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;

• guk;gy; njhlu;ghd mstPLfs;

• guk;gy; njhlu;ghd mstPLfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;

• guk;gypd; tiffs;

• tPr;R

• miuf; fhyiz ,il tPr;R

• tpyfy; ,il

• khww;wpwd;

• epak tpyfy;

• khww; Fzfk;

• Xuha mstPLfs;

• gpardpd; Xuha mstPLfs;

• ngsypapd; (fhyiz) Xuha mstPLfs;

• Nfypapd; rjkiz Xuha mstPLfs;

• jpUg;gk;> Fbyk;

• jpUg;gk;

• Fbyk;

3.4 kPbwd; guk;gnyhd;W njhlu;

ghd jPu;khdq;fis vLg;gjw;F

cupa ika ehl;l mstPLf

isg; gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

3.5 guk;gy; mstPLfisg; gpuNah

fpj;J kPbwd; guk;gnyhd;wpd;

guk;giy tpgupg;ghu;.

3.6 Xuha mstPLfspd; %yk;

guk;gnyhd;wpd; tbtj;ijj;

jPu;khdpg;ghu;.

3.7 jpUg;gk;> Fbyk; vd;gtw;iwg;

gpuNahfpj;J guk;gnyhd;wpd;

tbtj;ijj; jPu;khdpg;ghu;.

06

18

10

08

4. Rl;b vz;izg; gpu

Nahfpj ;Jf; fzpa

nkhd;wpd; khwiy

vjpu;T $Wthu;.

5.1 vOkhw;W epfo;r ;rp

fis fzpj Kiw

ahf tpgupg;ghu;.

28



• Rl;b vz;zpd; fUj;Jk; mjd; gpuNahfKk;

• Rl;b vz;iz mikf;Fk;NghJ Vw;gLk;

gpur;rpidfs;

• Rl;b vz;iz mikf;Fk; Kiwfs;

• epiwaplg;glhj Rl;b vz;> tpiyr;Rl;b

• epiwNaw;wpa Rl;b vz;

• fzpa my;yJ fdtsTr; Rl;b vz;

• ngWkhdr; Rl;b vz;

• tho;f;ifr; nryTr; Rl;b

• gupNrhjidfSk; epfo;r;rpfSk;

• gupNrhjid Kiwfs;

• Jzpaf;$ba gupNrhjid

• Jzpa Kbahj gupNrhjid

• gupNrhjid xd;wpd; ,ay;jF NgWfs;

• kutupg;glk;

• gupNrhjid xd;wpd; khjpup ntsp

• epfo;r;rpfs;

• epfo;r;rp

• epfo;r;rp ntsp

• epfo;r;rp tiffs;

• epfo;jftpd; gz;ila tiutpyf;fz;

• epfo;jftpd; kPbwd; uPjpahd tiutpyf;fzk;

• epfo;jftpd; ntspg;gilahd tiutpyf;fzk;

• epfo;jfT njhlu;ghd KbTfs;

5.1 vOkhw;Wg; gupNrhjid xd;wpd;

epfo;r;rpfisj; Jzpthu;.

5.2 epfo;jfT njhlu;ghd Njw;wq;

fisg; gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

15

09

14

29



• epge;jid epfo;jfT

• tiutpyf;fzk;

• epge;jid epfo;jfT njhlu;ghd KbTfs;

• rq;fpyp tpjp

• ,uz;L epfo;r;rpfSf;fhd rq;fpyp tpjp

• ,uz;Lf;F Nkw;gl;l epfo;r;rpfSf;F rq;fpyp

tpjpia tpupTgLj;Jthu;.

• khjpup ntspapd; gpupg;G

• nkhj;j epfo;jfT

• Ngrpd; Njw;wk

;

• rhuh epfo;r;rpfs;

• gy epfo;r;rpfspd; rhuhik

• vOkhw;W khwpnahd;W vLf;Fk;; rhj;jpakhd

ngWkhdq;fs;

• gpd;df vOkhw;W khwpfs;> njhlu; vOkhw;W

khwpfs;

• gpd;df vOkhw;W khwpnahd;wpd; epfo;jfTg;

guk;gy;

• njhlu; vOkhw;W khwpnahd;wpd; epfo;jfT

mlu;;j;jpr; rhu;G

5.3 epge;jid epfo;jftpd; %yk;

epfo;r;rpnahd;wpd; Neu jfitj;

jPu;khdpg;ghu;.

5.4 re;ju;g;gj;jpw;Nfw;wthW Ngrpd;

Njw;wj;ijg; gpuNahfpg;ghu;.

5.5 ,uz;L epfo;r;rpfspd; rhuhik

ia tpgupg;ghu;.

5.6 vOkhw;W khwpfis tifg;

gLj;Jthu;.

5.7 njhlu;> gpd;df vOkhw;W khwp

xd;wpd; epfo;jfTg; guk;gypd;

,ay;Gfis tpgupg;ghu;.

12

10

05

05

10

30



• fzpj vjpu;T

• ,il

• khww;jpwd;

• jpUg;gk;

• vOkhw;W khwp xd;wpd; guk;gy; rhu;G

gpd;df epfo;jfTg; guk;gy;

NgZaP guk;gy;

<UWg;Gg; guk;gy;

GtNrhd; guk;gy;

njhlu; epfo;jfTg; guk;gy;

xUrPuhd guk;gy;

mLf;Ff; Fwpg; guk;gy;

nrt;td; guk;gy;> epak nrt;td; guk;gy;

5.8 vOkhw;W khwp xd;wpd; epfo;

jfTg; guk;gypd; %yk; fzpj

vjpuitf; fzpg;ghu;.

5.9 jpus; guk;gy; rhu;gpd; %yk;

jug;gl;l Mapilnahd;wpw;

fhd vOkhw;W khwpapd;

epfo;jf itj; Jzpthu;.

5.10 tpNrl gpd;df epfo;jfTg;

guk;gy;fSf;fhd khjpupfis

mikg;ghu;. epfo;jfT fzpj;J

tpgupg;ghu;.

5.11 nfhs;if khjpupfis cg

Nahfpj;J epfo;jfTfisf;

fzpg;gJld; tpNrl njhlu;

guk;gypd; epfo;jfT mlu;j;jpr;

rhu;Gfis tpgupg;ghu;.

10

05

20

20

6 Vfgupkhzj; jpl;lkply;

gpurpdk; xd;wpd; cj;j

kj; jPu;itj; Jzpthu;.

31



• Vfgupkhzj; jpl;lkply;

• gpurpd tiffs;

• tpilfhz Kbahj gpurpdq;fs;

• jdp tpilg; gpurpdq;fs;

• gy; tpilg; gpurpdq;fs;

• Vgupkhzj; jpl;lkply; khjpup xd;iw mikj;jy;

• jPu;khd khwpfs;

• Fwpf;Nfhs; rhu;G

• epak tbtpy; tif Fwpj;jy;

• tpfhug; glifs;

• kiw my;yhj epge;jidfs;

• rhj;jpag; gpuNjrk;

• Vfgupkhzj; jpl;lkplypw;fhd tiuG Kiwj; jPu;T

• cau;thf;f khjpup xd;wpd; jPu;T

• ,opthf;f khjpup xd;wpd; jPu;T

6.1 Vfgupkhzj; jpl;lkply; khjpup

xd;iw mikg;ghu;.

6.2 Vfgupkhzj; jp;l;lkply; gpur;rpd

nkhd;wpd; jPu;it tiuG Kiw

apy; Jzpthu;.

12

06

7. tiy Ntiyfis

cgNahfpj;J jpl;lq;f

isg; gFg;gha;T nra;

thu;.

32



• tiyNtiyfSk; mtw;wpd; gpuNahfKk;

• tiy NtiyfSk; mtw;wpd; cWg;Gf;fspd;

tiutpyf;fzKk;

• gpuNahfq;fs;

• mtjpg; ghij

• ,opTg;ghT kug; (jU) gpurpdq;fs;

• cau; gha;r;ry; gpurpdq;fs;;

• nray;jpl;lq;fisj; jpl;lkplYk; mtjpg; ghijg;

gFg;gha;Tk; 24

12

07

06

08

20

16

10

42

14

10

30

46

05

06

19

25

23

18

15


1.1> 1.2> 1.3

3.3> 3.4

11.1

10.1

2.1> 2.2> 2.3> 2.4

2.5> 2.6

fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk; fzpjk; II

1.1> 1.2

2.1> 2.2> 2.3> 2.4


13.1> 3.2

4.1

3.5> 3.6


3.1> 3.2> 3.3> 3.4> 3.5


3.7

3.8

13.1> 13.2> 13.3> 13.4> 13.5

10.2>10.3> 10.4> 10.5

11.2> 11.3> 11.4> 11.5> 11.6


3.6> 3.7

4.0

• nka;naz; njhFjp;

• gy;YWg;gpfs;

• njf;fhl;bd; Ms;$W

• jpupNfhz fzpj tpfpjq;fs;

• njhil ml;rufzpjk;

• njhlu;Gfs;

• Gs;sptpgutpay; - mwpKfk;

• juTfs;> jfty;fis tiff;Fwpj;jy;

• xUkhwpapyhd rhu;Gfs;

• vspa ml;ruzpjr; rkdpypfs;

• ,Ugbr;rhu;Gfs;> rkd;ghLfs;

• ikaehl;l msitfSk;> tpyfy;fSk;

• tpfpjKW rhu;Gfs;

• mLf;Ff; Fwpr;rhu;Gfs;

• ngWjp I

• jpupNfhzfzpjk;

• Neu;NfhL

• khwhf; Fzfk;

• Rl;bfs;

06. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 1206. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 1206. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 1206. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 1206. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 12

Nju;r;rp kl;lk; Nju;r;rp kl;lk; Nju;r;rp kl;lk; Nju;r;rp kl;lk; Nju;r;rp kl;lk; jiyg;G jiyg;G jiyg;G jiyg;G jiyg;G ghl Ntis ghl Ntis ghl Ntis ghl Ntis ghl Ntis

jtiz 1jtiz 1jtiz 1jtiz 1jtiz 1



33

27

10

15

50

12

23

10

10

30

18

17

16

10

20

20

24


5.1> 5.2

13.6> 13.7

13.8> 13.9> 13.10> 13.11


5.1> 5.2> 5.3> 5.4> 5.5


6.0

7.1> 7.2> 7.3> 7.4

13.12> 13.13> 13.14

4.2


3.1> 3.2> 3.3> 3.4> 3.5

6.1> 6.2


9.1> 9.2> 9.3

8.1> 8.2

12.1> 12.2> 12.3> 12.4


3.6> 3.7

4.0

06. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 1306. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 1306. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 1306. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 1306. cj;Njr fw;gpj;jy; xOq;Fk; ghlNtisAk; - juk; 13

Nju;r;rp kl;lk; Nju;r;rp kl;lk; Nju;r;rp kl;lk; Nju;r;rp kl;lk; Nju;r;rp kl;lk; jiyg;G jiyg;G jiyg;G jiyg;G jiyg;G ghl Ntis ghl Ntis ghl Ntis ghl Ntis ghl Ntis




• tupir khw;wk;> Nru;khdk;

• ngWjpfs; II

• njhifaPL

• epfo;jfT

• <UWg;GtpupT

• njhlu;fs;

• njhifaPL

• kl;L njhlu;ghd rkdpypfs;

• gpd;df epfo;jfTg; guk;gy;

• Vfgupkhzj; jpl;lkply;

• jhaq;fs;

• Jzp Nfhitfs;

• tl;lq;fs;

• gpd;df epfo;jfTg;guk;gy;

• njhlu; epfo;jfTg;guk;gy;

34

07. kjpg;gPL07. kjpg;gPL07. kjpg;gPL07. kjpg;gPL07. kjpg;gPL

kjpg;gPl;Lf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; ,q;F jug;gl;Ls;sd. f.ngh.j. (cau;juk;) tpdhj;jhs; gw;wpa tpguq;fs; guPl;irj; jpizf;fsj;jhy;

gpd;du; mwptpf;fg;gLk;.

kjpg;gPl;Lf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;kjpg;gPl;Lf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;kjpg;gPl;Lf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;kjpg;gPl;Lf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;kjpg;gPl;Lf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;

J}afzpjk;J}afzpjk;J}afzpjk;J}afzpjk;J}afzpjk;

guPl;rhu;j;jpfspd; Mw;wy;fs; gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; guPl;rpf;fg;gLk;.

(i) fzpjj;jpy; ifahSk; Ntiyffisr; nra;;J Kbf;Fk; Mw;wy;

(ii) fzpj vz;zf;fUf;fisAk; jj;Jtq;fisAk; tpsq;fpf;nfhs;Sk; Mw;wy;

(iii) nghUj;jkhd fzpj cz;ikfisAk;> vz;zf;fUf;fisAk;> El;gq;fisAk; kPs;epidT+l;b> mt;twpit cgNahfpf;Fk;

Mw;wy;

(iv) fzpjtpay; uPjpahd epahapj;jy; (fhuzpj;jy;)

epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;

guPl;rhu;j;jpfspd; Mw;wy;fs; gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; guPl;rpf;fg;gLk;.

(i) nfhLf;fg;gl;l epiyikapy; (gpur;rpid;) gpuNahfpf;fg;glf;$ba nghUj;jkhd Gs;sptpgu khjpupAUitj; njupT nra;J

gpuNahfpf;Fk; Mw;wy;

(ii) Gs;sptpgutpay; KbTfis kjpg;Giu nra;J tpsf;Fk; Mw;wy;

(iii) Gs;sptpgutpay; El;gq;fspd; mwpit kPs;epidT+l;b> ,tw;iw ,aw;if tpQ;Qhdk;> r%ftpQ;Qhdk;> tpahghuk;> tu;j;jfk;

Nghd;w gy;NtW Jiwfspy; cgNahfpf;Fk; Mw;wy;

(iv) epak nrt;td; epuk;gy; ml;ltizfis cgNahfpf;Fk; Mw;wy;.

(iv) Fwpg;gpl;l epge;jidfspd; fPo; <UWg;G tpuptpd; mz;zsthf;fkhf nrt;td; guk;giy cgNahfpf;Fk; Mw;wy;.

35

08. ghlrhiyf;nfhs;ifAk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSk;08. ghlrhiyf;nfhs;ifAk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSk;08. ghlrhiyf;nfhs;ifAk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSk;08. ghlrhiyf;nfhs;ifAk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSk;08. ghlrhiyf;nfhs;ifAk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSk;

fzpjf; fw;wy; khztu;fSf;Ff; fUj;Jr; nrwpe;j njhlu;Gilanjhd;whf epfo;tjw;F tFg;giw Ntiy Kw;whf mwpT> jpwd;

tpUj;jp vd;gtw;wpy; jq;fpAs;sjhf mikahJ> njhlu;ghly;> ,izg;G> epahapj;jy; (fhuzpj;jy;) gpur;rpid jPu;j;jy; Nghd;wtw;iw

cs;slf;fpajhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. NkNy $wg;gl;l ehd;F ,yf;FfSk; khztu;fspd; rpe;jid> elj;ijr; nraw;ghL vd;gd

Nkk;glr; nra;tij cWjpg;gLj;Jk;.

rhjhuz tFg;giwf; fw;gpj;jYf;F mg;ghy; ,e;Nehf;fj;jpw;fhff; fPo;tUk; ,izg;ghltpjhdr; nraw;ghLfs;> fw;wy; nray;ghl;by;

xt;nthU gps;isiaAk; gq;Nfw;fr; re;ju;g;gj;ij toq;Ffpd;wd. mit>

• khztu; gbg;G tl;lq;fs;

• fzpjf; FOf;fs;

• fzpjg; ghriwfs;

• Nghl;bfs; (Njrpa> ru;tNjr)

• E}y; epiya cgNahfk;

• tFg;giwr; Rtu; mwpf;iffs; (ntspaPLfs;)

• fzpj Ma;T$lk;

• nray; miwfs;

• fzpjk; rhu;e;j rupj;jpu juTfs; Nrfupj;jy;

• gy; njhlu;ghly; Clfq;fspd; cgNahfk;

• nraw;ghl;Lj; jpl;lq;fs;

fpilf;ff;$ba trjpfl;Nfw;g Nkw;$wpa nraw;ghLfis xOq;FgLj;j Ntz;baJ fzpj Mrpupaupd; nghWg;ghFk;. ,r;nraw;ghLfis

xOq;FgLj;Jk;NghJ MrpupaUk; khztu;fSk; mJ njhlu;ghd ntsp Ml;fsplkpUe;Jk; epWtdq;fsplkpUe;Jk; cjtpiag;

ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. mg;gbg;gl;l nraw;ghLfis xOq;fhd mbg;gilapy; xOq;FgLj;Jtjw;F xt;nthU ghlrhiyAk;

36

fzpjk; rhu;e;j jj;jkf;Fupa nfhs;iffis cUthf;fpf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthU ghlrhiyapd; gq;fspg;gpdhYk; cUthf;fg;gl

,Uf;fpd;w KOikahd ghlrhiyf; nfhs;ifapd; xU gFjpahf ,J mikAk;. fzpjk; rhu;e;j nfhs;ifia cUthf;Ftjpy;

ghlrhiy gpd;tUtdtw;iw mwpe;Jnfhs;tJ ,d;wpaikahjjhf cs;sJ. mitahtd: ghlrhiyg; ngsjPfr; #oYk;> mjd;

Rw;Wg;GwKk;> khztu;fsJ NjitfSk; mf;fiwfSk;> ghlrhiyAld; njhlu;Gila rKjhak;> Mszp tsr; Nritfs;>

ghlrhiyf;F tha;g;ghd epWtdq;fs; vd;gdthFk;.

nfhs;if ,yf;Ffis miltjw;fhf gy;NtW tpjkhd nraw;ghLfs; mlq;fpa tUlhe;j epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fis ghlrhiy

mgptpUj;jp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. xU Fwpj;j tUlfhyj;jpy; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;ba nraw;ghLfisj; jPu;khdpg;gjpy; ghlrhiy

Kd;Dupikfis milahsq;fhz;gJk; Neuj;jpdJk; %ytsj;jpdJk; neUf;fb rhu;e;j eilKiwfisf; fUj;jpw;nfhs;tJk;

mtrpakhfpd;wJ. vt;tpjkhapDk; ghlrhiy ntt;NtW khztu;fspdJk; gy;tpj ehl;lq;fsJk; csr;rhu;GfsJk; tpUj;jpia

epiwNtw;Wtjw;Fg; NghJkhd nraw;ghl;L tPr;Rf;fis xOq;F gz;z Ntz;Lk;.

37

9 . Fwpg;gPLfs;9 . Fwpg;gPLfs;9 . Fwpg;gPLfs;9 . Fwpg;gPLfs;9 . Fwpg;gPLfs;

gpd;tUk; fzpjf; Fwpg;gPLfs; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.gpd;tUk; fzpjf; Fwpg;gPLfs; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.gpd;tUk; fzpjf; Fwpg;gPLfs; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.gpd;tUk; fzpjf; Fwpg;gPLfs; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.gpd;tUk; fzpjf; Fwpg;gPLfs; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

1. njhilf; Fwpg;gPL1. njhilf; Fwpg;gPL1. njhilf; Fwpg;gPL1. njhilf; Fwpg;gPL1. njhilf; Fwpg;gPL

%yfk;

%yfkd;W

vd;gtw;iwf; nfhz;l njhil

MFkhWs;s vy;yh x IAk; nfhz;l njhil

njhil A apYs;s %yfq;fspd; vz;zpf;if

#dpaj;njhil

mfpyj;njhil

njhil A apdJ epug;gp

Neu;KO vz;fSk; g+r;rpaKk; nfhz;l njhil {0, 1, 2, 3, ...}

KO vz;fspd; njhil

Neu; KO vz;fspd; njhil {1, 2, 3, . . . }

kl;L KO vz;fspd; njhil

tpfpjKW vz;fspd; njhil

Neu; tpfpjKW vz;fspd; njhil

Neu; tpfpjKW vz;fSk; g+r;rpaKk; nfhz;l njhil

nka; vz;fspd; njhil

Neu; nka; vz;fspd; njhil

Neu;nka; vz;fSk; g+r;rpaKk; nfhz;l njhil

38

klq;Ffs;

rpf;fy; vz;fspd; njhil

njhilg;gpupT

Kiwikj; njhilg;gpupT

njhilg;gpuptd;W

Kiwikj; njhilg;gpuptd;W

xd;wpg;G

,ilntl;L

%ba Mapil

Mapil

Mapil

jpwe;j Mapil

njhlu;G R ;,dhy; ,w;F njhlu;GgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ

,w;F rktYthdJ (rktd;ikj; njhlu;Gfspy;)

2. gytpd FwpaPLfs;2. gytpd FwpaPLfs;2. gytpd FwpaPLfs;2. gytpd FwpaPLfs;2. gytpd FwpaPLfs;

rkd;

rkdd;W

ru;trkd; my;yJ xUq;fpirT

mz;zsthf rkd;

rkTUthdJ

tpfpjrkd;

rpwpJ

rpwpJ my;yJ rkd; ngupjd;W

ngupJ

39

ngupJ my;yJ rkd; rpwpjd;W

Kbtpyp

md;W

cl;fpil ( vdpd; )

,UKf cl;fpil ( , ,w;F rktYthdJ vdpd;> kl;Lk; )

my;yJ

ck; ck;

vz;Nfhl;by; jpwe;j Mapil

vz;Nfhl;by; %ba Mapil

3. nra;iffs;3. nra;iffs;3. nra;iffs;3. nra;iffs;3. nra;iffs;

IAk; IAk; $l;Ljy; rf

,ypUe;J If; fopj;jy; ra

vd;gtw;wpd; ngUf;fk;

I My; gpupj;jy;

vd;gtw;wpd; tpfpjk;

nka;naz; ,d; Neu;tu;f;f%yk;

nka;naz; ,d; kl;L

fhuzpak;

40

<UWg;Gf;Fzfk;

nghUl;fspypUe;J xU Kiwapy; vLj;j nghUl;fspd; tupir khw;wk;

nghUl;fspypUe;J nghUl;fis xU Kiwapy; vLg;gjw;fhd Nru;khdk;

4. rhu;Gfs;4. rhu;Gfs;4. rhu;Gfs;4. rhu;Gfs;4. rhu;Gfs;

rhu;G

,y; rhu;G ,d; ngWkhdk;

f : A B rhu;G ,d; fPo;> A apd; xt;nthU %yfKk; njhil B ,y; tpk;gj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

rhu;G ,d; fPo;> %yfk; MdJ ,w;F glkhf;fg;gL fpwJ.

rhu;G ,d; Neu;khW

,dJk; Nru;j;jpr;rhu;G vd tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ

MdJ mZf ,d; vy;iy

,dJ xU Vw;wk;

If; Fwpj;J ,d; ngWjp

If; Fwpj;J y ,d; MtJ ngWjp

41

If; Fwpj;J ,d; KjyhtJ> ,uz;lhtJ ... MtJ ngWjpfs;

If; Fwpj;J ,d; tiuawhj njhifaPL

,d; ngWkhdk; a ,w;Fk; ,w;Fkpilapy;

,Uf;ifapy; ,d; tiuaWj;j njhifaPL Neuj;ijf; Fwpj;J

,d; Kjyhk;> ,uz;lhk;> ... ngWjpfs;

5. mLf;Ff; Fwpr; rhu;GfSk; klf;ifr; rhu;GfSk;5. mLf;Ff; Fwpr; rhu;GfSk; klf;ifr; rhu;GfSk;5. mLf;Ff; Fwpr; rhu;GfSk; klf;ifr; rhu;GfSk;5. mLf;Ff; Fwpr; rhu;GfSk; klf;ifr; rhu;GfSk;5. mLf;Ff; Fwpr; rhu;GfSk; klf;ifr; rhu;GfSk;

,aw;if klf;ifapd; mb

,dJ mLf;Ff;Fwpr; rhu;G

,d; mb ,yhd klf;if

,d; ,aw;if klf;if

,d; mb 10 ,d; klf;if

6. tl;lr; rhu;Gfs;6. tl;lr; rhu;Gfs;6. tl;lr; rhu;Gfs;6. tl;lr; rhu;Gfs;6. tl;lr; rhu;Gfs;

tl;lr; rhu;Gfs;

Neu;khW tl;lr; rhu;Gfs;

42

}

}

7. rpf;fy; vz;fs;7. rpf;fy; vz;fs;7. rpf;fy; vz;fs;7. rpf;fy; vz;fs;7. rpf;fy; vz;fs;

-1 ,d; tu;f;f%yk;

xU rpf;fy; vz;>

,d; nka;g;gFjp

,d; fw;;gidg;gFjp,

,d; kl;L

,d; tPry;

,d; jiyik tPry;

,d; rpf;fy; cld;Gzup

8. jhaq;fs;8. jhaq;fs;8. jhaq;fs;8. jhaq;fs;8. jhaq;fs;

jhak;

rJuj;jhak; ,d; Neu;khW

jhak; ,d; epiykhw;W

rJuj;jhak; ,d; JzpNfhit

9. fhtpfs;9. fhtpfs;9. fhtpfs;9. fhtpfs;9. fhtpfs;

fhtp

fhtp gUkdpYk; jpirapYk; jpir nfhz;l Nfhl;Lj; Jz;lk; My;Fwpf;fg;gLfpwJ

fhtp ,d; jpirapy; myFf;fhtp

43

njf;fhl;bapd; Ms;$w;Wf;fs; topNa myFf;fhtpfs;

fhtp ,d; gUkd;

fhtp ,d; gUkd;

,d; vz;zpg; ngUf;fk;

,d; fhtpg; ngUf;fk;

vd;gtw;wpd; Kk;ik vz;zpg; ngUf;fk;

10. epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;10. epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;10. epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;10. epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;10. epfo;jfTk; Gs;sptpgutpaYk;

Mfpad epfo;r;rpfs;

epfo;r;rpfs; apdJk; apdJk; xd;wpg;G

epfo;r;rpfs; apdJk; apdJk; ,ilntl;L

epfo;r;rp apd; epfo;jfT

epfo;r;rp apd; epug;gp> my;y vd;w epfo;r;rp

epfo;r;rp jug;gbd;> epfo;r;rp apd; epfo;jfT

vOkhw;W khwpfs;

vOkhw;W khwpfs; ,d; ngWkhdq;fs;

mtjhdpg;Gfs;

f1, f

2 , . . . mtjhdpg;Gfs; eilngWk; kPs;jpwd;fs;

44

Documents

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