Grammatica Unit 1

HD 1.1 t/m 1.8

1.1 Present Simple Vorm:

Hele werkwoord Hele werkwoord + S bij he/she/it

Wanneer gebruik je het? Signaalwoorden Altijd Always, every … Nooit Never Regelmatig Usually

Vraagzinnen: do / does + hele werkwoord

Does he go to school every day?

Ontkennende zinnen: Don’t / doesn’t + hele werkwoord

He doesn’t go to school every day.

Let op uitzonderingen bij he/she/it soms: Go goes Do does

Cry cries y ie Try tries

Catch catches Miss misses

Examples!

1. I … (wake up) every morning at 6 o’clock.

2. Then I … (take) a shower.

3. At 6.30 I … (have) breakfast.

4. But I …. (not brush) my teeth!

Examples!

1. I wake up every morning at 6 o’clock.

2. Then I take a shower.

3. At 6.30 I have breakfast.

4. But I don’t brush my teeth!

1.2 Present ContiNUous

Vorm: vorm van “to be” (am / is / are) + hele werkwoord +

-ING

Wanneer gebruik je het? Tegenwoordige tijd; iets is aan de gang of bezig.

Waaraan herken je het? (signaalwoorden) (right) now, at the moment, at present

I am jumping right now

Als een werkwoord op een -e eindigt, dan vervalt de -e als ING wordt toegevoegd.

Have --> having NOT haveing!! Make --> making Drive --> driving

Geen do/does/don’t/doesn’t in vraagzinnen/ontkenningen!

- I don’t am staying with them I am not staying with them

Let op:

Examples!

1. I’m scared. Someone … (tap) on the window.

2. It might be someone who … (try) to scare us.

3. I can’t take it any longer, I … (leave) right now!

4. Please don’t go. Maybe it is someone who … (play) at hide-and-seek.

Examples!

1. I’m scared. Someone is tapping on the window.

2. It might be someone who is trying to scare us.

3. I can’t take it any longer, I am leaving right now!

4. Please don’t go. Maybe it is someone who is playing at hide-and-seek.

1.3 Present Simple <-> Present Continuous

SIMPLE

Vorm: hele werkwoord hele werkwoord + S

(he/she/it) Wanneer gebruik je het?

feit/gewoonte (altijd, nooit, regelmatig)

Signaalwoordenalways, usually, often, never,

every day/week etc.

CONTINUOUS

Vorm: “to be” + hele werkwoord +

ING

Wanneer gebruik je het? nu bezig, aan de gang

Signaalwoorden - (right) now, at the moment, at

present, look, listen

Examples!

Present Simple

I eat an apple every day

I always wear a golden ring

I usually read at home

Feit/gewoonte

Present Continuous

I am eating an apple right now

I am wearing a golden ring today

I am reading now

now

Examples!

1. I always … (see) young girls with a lot of jewels, I don’t like that.

2. Listen! The boys … (talk) about me again!

3. Every day I wear a skirt, but today I … (wear) jeans.

4. Miss Jones … (look) like a popstar with her beautiful dress.

5. I … (ask) you to come to the party because I think you’d really enjoy it.

Examples!

1. I always see young girls with a lot of jewels, I don’t like that.

2. Listen! The boys are talking about me again!

3. Every day I wear a skirt, but today I am wearing jeans.

4. Miss Jones looks like a popstar with her beautiful dress.

5. I am asking you to come to the party because I think you’d really enjoy it.

1.4 Past Simple

Als we over de verleden tijd spreken, gebruiken we de Past Simple

Vorm:

Werkwoord + ed

Kill killed

Live lived geen liveed (niet + ed)

Vragende vorm:

Did + hele werkwoord

Did I kick the ball in the goal?

Ontkennend:

Didn’t + hele werkwoord

He didn’t like hockey.

Maar…

1.5 Past Simple

Onregelmatige werkwoorden:

Leer dus niet alleen HD 1.5 maar ook de onregelmatige werkwoorden op blz. 110,111,112 (lesson 1 + 2 + 3)

Examples!

1.The cat ... up the stairs quietly. (to creep)

2.Keith’s football coach ... him ... last night. (to ring up)

3. Ian ... the door behind him. (to close)

4.Sarah ... to give her mother a present for her birthday. (to want)

5.We ... very badly last night because of the storm. (to sleep)

Examples!

1.The cat crept up the stairs quietly.

2.Keith’s football coach rang him up last night.

3. Ian closed the door behind him.

4.Sarah wanted to give her mother a present for her birthday.

5.We slept very badly last night because of the storm.

1.6 must/must not/must never

Vorm: must + hele werkwoord

Wanneer gebruik je het? Must: Noodzakelijk / kan niet anders Must not: mag niet Must never: mag nooit

Examples!

1. It’s my birthday and I’m throwing a party. You ... come!

2.You ... disturb Mr Simmons when he’s working. He doesn’t like that.

3.You ... use the front door if the back door is locked.

4.Tim, you ... say those words to your aunt. It’s not very polite.

Examples!

1. It’s my birthday and I’m throwing a party. You must come!

2. You must never disturb Mr Simmons when he’s working. He doesn’t like that.

3. You must use the front door if the back door is locked.

4. Tim, you must not say those words to your aunt. It’s not very polite.

1.7 Maybe / probably

Vorm: Maybe: Begin van de zin Probably: Voor het hoofdwerkwoord of

aan het eind van de zin

Wanneer gebruik je het? Maybe: misschien Probably: waarschijnlijk

Examples!

1. I can’t find my pen anywhere! – ... it’s in your other bag.

2. Why is John so angry with me? – You ... did something he didn’t like.

3. Do you think we should go for a walk? – We should ... wait until those clouds are gone.

4. I don’t feel very well. – ... you have a cold.

Examples!

1. I can’t find my pen anywhere! – Maybe it’s in your other bag.

2. Why is John so angry with me? – You perhaps did something he didn’t like.

3. Do you think we should go for a walk? – We should perhaps wait until those clouds are gone.

4. I don’t feel very well. – Maybe you have a cold.

1.8 bijwoord

Voorbeelden van bijwoorden usually – just – always – never – still -

nearly Plaats:

Voor het hoofdwerkwoord I never go to the cinema on Wednesday

Na een vorm van ‘to be’ (am/are/is) He is always cross with me

Examples!

1. I go out on Saturday evenings. (often)

2.Rashid finishes his homework on time. (sometimes)

3.Our family eats breakfast at eight o’clock. (usually)

4.Watch out! You pushed me off my bike. (nearly)

Examples!

1. I often go out on Saturday evenings.

2.Rashid sometimes finishes his homework on time.

3.Our family usually eats breakfast at eight o’clock.

4.Watch out! You nearly pushed me off my bike.