Grapevine Anatomy and Function - Home | MSU …msue.anr.msu.edu/.../Creasap-Gee_Grapevine_Anatomy_and_Function_MSU...Grapevine Anatomy and Function ... Draw on white board. Bud Anatomy

Grapevine Anatomy and Function

Dr. Jodi E. Creasap Gee

January 21, 2014

MSU Wine Grape Conference

Grapevine Anatomy

• Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’

• Rootstock – root system for grafted vine

• Roots:

– Nutrient and water absorption

– No roots = no grapes!

Scion

Graft Union

Rootstock

Grapevine Roots

• Tap root

– Main root

• Branches

• Root hairs

– Increase surface area

Grapes, Creasy and Creasy 2009 (Originally from Pratt 1974) Not a grape seed…

http://digitalbotanicgarden.blogspot.com/2010/09/seeds.html

Grapevine Roots

VAM – Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae

Not a grape seed…

No

VAM

No

VAM

No

VAM

No

VAM

VAM

VAM

VAM

VAM

Shoot Dry Weight Root Dry Weight

Wei

ght (

g)

Grapes, Creasy and Creasy 2009

Grapevine Roots

VAM – Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae

http://www.davidmoore.org.uk/assets/mostly_mycology/diane_howarth/am.htm

http://invam.wvu.edu/the-fungi/classification/paraglomaceae

Soils & Root Nutrition

6.0 – 6.5

Soil pH Nutrition Pyramid for

Grapevines

Grapevine Anatomy

• Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’

• Rootstock – root system for grafted vine

• Roots:

– Nutrient and water absorption

– No roots = no grapes!

Scion

Graft Union

Rootstock

Shoots

Fruiting Zone

Cordon/Arm

Trunks

Grapevine Anatomy

Vegetative Growth

vs. Reproductive

Growth

Vine Anatomy

Spur Node

Internode 1st year wood

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Draw on white board

Bud Anatomy

• Primary bud – largest bud in center; full crop potential

• Secondary bud – 2nd smallest bud to one side; ~2/3 crop potential

• Tertiary bud – smallest bud tucked in side opposite 2° bud; usually no crop potential

http://eviticulture.org/articles/2012/04/13/cold-injury-in-grapevines/

Bud/Shoot Development

Eichhorn-Lorenz Phenological Stages

07

01

05

02

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=eQ9EVnwq4R2hbM&tbnid=NRJUK-vKJsetNM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/science-and-innovation/science-publications-and-resources/technical-factsheets/identification-guide-to-the-major-diseases-of-grapes/?id=1210281691267&ei=KozZUveZJY-WqAGr9IHYAQ&bvm=bv.59568121,d.eW0&psig=AFQjCNEdeWUZkF1Dz_O6bAW72YUtm2t01Q&ust=1390075303744039

Bud/Shoot Development

Eichhorn-Lorenz Phenological Stages

15

38

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=eQ9EVnwq4R2hbM&tbnid=NRJUK-vKJsetNM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/science-and-innovation/science-publications-and-resources/technical-factsheets/identification-guide-to-the-major-diseases-of-grapes/?id=1210281691267&ei=KozZUveZJY-WqAGr9IHYAQ&bvm=bv.59568121,d.eW0&psig=AFQjCNEdeWUZkF1Dz_O6bAW72YUtm2t01Q&ust=1390075303744039

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=86lE6bkD2ATXRM&tbnid=acU40M9NbQryUM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://blog.kj.com/bloom-what%E2%80%99s-happening-in-the-vineyards/&ei=OZLZUpiUHo6fkQe5rYHgBg&psig=AFQjCNHo7YYvys7P31SpRA3IvRfGwIYKxg&ust=1390076557613632

Bud Development and Sunlight Interception

Adapted from Goffinet, Wine East 2001 http://lergp.cce.cornell.edu/timeline.php?id=15

Bud Initiation and

Development

Shoot emergence and growth

June

20

Augu

st 2

0

April

10

June

10

June

20

Augu

st 2

0

April

10

June

10

Gro

wth

Sta

ge

http://lergp.cce.cornell.edu/timeline.php?id=15

Shoot Anatomy

SHOOT/CANE

Leaf Blade Petiole

Inflorescences

Flowers

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ROTKWddiTScV-M&tbnid=voPUTSIl0dGYOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://blogs.cornell.edu/nnygrapeupdate/page/5/&ei=QZHZUsOrONPrkAeNgoHwBQ&bvm=bv.59568121,d.eW0&psig=AFQjCNEd6TV8nptzxihTJqa8QTd2PxF7ZA&ust=1390076600376528

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=tt36O32cp8mXsM&tbnid=VVK5XkUaXj72KM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://blogs.cornell.edu/nnygrapeupdate/2012/06/08/current-situation-672012/&ei=xpPZUrvqO4XskQfD8IDQBw&psig=AFQjCNHv6Uyliny97fNco8rJnxuXI1jbCw&ust=1390077116212027

Shoot Anatomy

Tendrils

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=hguoDwaJjSOkrM&tbnid=eKCrRBJOPuX-TM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://blogs.cornell.edu/nnygrapeupdate/2012/07/27/current-situation-7272012/&ei=jpPZUsrvI8bKkQef9YHIDA&psig=AFQjCNHv6Uyliny97fNco8rJnxuXI1jbCw&ust=1390077116212027

Grapevine Function

Photosynthesis

Fruit Production

Water and nutrient transport

Carbohydrate production for roots

and fruit

Sugar accumulation and seed ripening

1) Carbohydrates to roots

2) Water, nutrients, PGRs to shoots

Berry Anatomy

Skin Seeds Flesh Berry #4

Berry Anatomy

http://www.practicalwinery.com/julyaugust02/julaug02p14.htm



Self Quiz

Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Franc’

#1

#3 #4

#2

#5

#6

#9 #10 #11

#7 #8

#12. What’s missing?

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=hguoDwaJjSOkrM&tbnid=eKCrRBJOPuX-TM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://blogs.cornell.edu/nnygrapeupdate/2012/07/27/current-situation-7272012/&ei=jpPZUsrvI8bKkQef9YHIDA&psig=AFQjCNHv6Uyliny97fNco8rJnxuXI1jbCw&ust=1390077116212027

Thank You!

Documents

Grapevine Anatomy and Function - Home | MSU …msue.anr.msu.edu/.../Creasap-Gee_Grapevine_Anatomy_and_Function_MSU...Grapevine Anatomy and Function ... Draw on white board. Bud Anatomy