GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN EMPIRES

GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN EMPIRES

MAYAN EMPIREEMERGED AROUND 1000 B.C.

LOCATED IN SOUTHEAST MEXICO, GUATEMALA AND BELIZEYUCATAN PENINSULA LAND WAS SWAMPY RAINFOREST SNAKES MOSQUITOES CAUSED DISEASEAGRICULTURE

CUT DOWN THE FORESTS DUG CANALS TO DRAIN THE SWAMPS CONSIDERING THEIR ENVIRONMENT HOW DID THEY FARM?WHAT WERE THEIR MAIN CROPS?

CornCALLED MAIZE SQUASH BEANSWHY WERE BEANS IMPORTANT TO THEIR DIET?Protein

What animal did they domesticate? turkey also bees for honey

MAJOR CITIES

WHAT WERE CITIES IMPORTANT FOR?RELIGIONMARKETPLACEWHAT DID THEY USE FOR MONEY?

COCOA BEANSTIKALCOPANCHICHEN-ITZA

RELIGION

GOVERNMENT WAS A THEOCRACYWHAT DOES THIS MEAN? RUN BY PRIESTSEVERY CITY HAD A LARGE COURTYARD WITH TEMPLES SURROUNDING IT COURTYARD WAS USED FOR RELIGIOUS GAMES

THE BALL GAME TWO TEAMS COURT OF VARYING SIZES RUBBER BALL NO HANDS KNOCK THE BALL THROUGH A RING LOSING TEAM SACRIFICED THIS ENSURED PROSPERITY OF THE CULTUREACHIEVEMENTSSIMILAR TO HIEROGLYPHICS

NUMBER SYSTEM BASED ON 20

33 WOULD BE

ACHIEVEMENTS

MAYAN CALENDAR HOW DID THE MAYANS DEVELOP THIS CALENDAR?18 MONTHS--20 DAYS 5 HOLIDAYS

DEVELOPED COTTON CLOTHDEVELOPED PAPER TREE BARK

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE MAYANS? ABOUT 900 A.D. THE MAYAN CULTURE DIED OUT SEVERAL THEORIES EXPLAIN THIS EVENT WAR EPIDEMIC NATURAL DISASTER RECENT FINDS SHOW THAT THE MAYANS PROBABLY EXHAUSTED THEIR RESOURCES AND HAD TO MOVEAZTEC EMPIRE FLOURISHED FROM 1200 A.D. TO THE EARLY 1500S

LOCATED IN SOUTHERN MEXICOKNOWN AS THE VALLEY OF MEXICOAZTEC CAPITAL

TENOCHTITLAN

BUILT IN THE MIDDLE OF LAKE TEXCOCO

WHY DID THEY BUILD THEIR CITY ON AN ISLAND? FROM THIS PICTURE WHAT CAN YOU TELL ABOUT THE CITY?CHINAMPAS

THE AZTECS WHERE FARMERS

HOW DID THEY DO THIS?

BUILT FLOATING GARDENS CALLED

GREW MAIZE, SQUASH, BEANS

ALSO GREW PEPPERS, COTTON, & TOBACCO

RAISED TURKEYS AND DOGSAQUEDUCTS

WHAT OTHER PROBLEM DID THEY HAVE BY BUILDING IN SWAMP LANDNO FRESH WATERAZTEC SOCIETY

WAS DIVIDED INTO 3 CLASSES UPPER CLASS CONSISTED OF EMPEROR, PRIESTS, NOBLES, & WARRIORS MIDDLE CLASSCONSISTED OF MERCHANTS & FARMERS LOWER CLASSCAPTIVESSUN GOD

WHAT DID THEY DO TO GAIN FAVOR FROM THE SUN GOD?AZTEC SACRIFICE

WAS DONE TO ENSURE THE SUN WOULD KEEP MOVINGDECLINETHE SPANISH ARRIVED IN 1519SURROUNDING TRIBES ALLIED WITH THE SPANISHTIRED OF HIGH TAXESTIRED OF PEOPLE BEING SACRIFICED

INCAN EMPIRE ROSE TO POWER AROUND 1400 A.D.LOCATED ON WEST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA WHAT PHYSICAL FEATURE IS LOCATED HERE? CONTROLLED AN EMPIRE FROM COLOMBIA TO CENTRAL CHILE HOW COULD THEY DO THIS IN A MOUNTAIN ENVIRONMENT?

BUILT A ROAD SYSTEM

HAD A SYSTEM OF RUNNERS WHICH CARRIED MESSAGES

WHAT WOULD YOU NEED, TO DO THIS ACCURATELY?A WRITTEN LANGUAGE

QUIPU A SYSTEM OF COLORED KNOTS

HOW DID THEY FARM IN THIS ENVIRONMENT?

THEY BUILT TERRACES

BUILT CANALS TO DRAIN WATER FROM THE CITIES

CANALS CARRIED WATER TO THE TERRACESAGRICULTURE WHAT FOODS DID THEY PRODUCE? MAIZE, BEANS AND POTATOES

WHAT TWO ANIMALS DID THE INCA DOMESTICATE?

THE LLAMA

THE ALPACAWHAT DID THEY RAISE LLAMAS AND ALPACAS FOR? RAISED THEM FOR WOOL

RAISED THEM FOR MEAT

RAISED THEM FOR CARRYING GOODS

RAISED THEM FOR MILKINCAN SOCIETY WHAT CITY WAS THE CENTER OF THE EMPIRE?

WHAT WAS THE RULER CALLED? SAPA INCA HAD ABSOLUTE POWER BELIEVED TO BE DECENDENT OF THE GODSACHIEVEMENTS

EARTHQUAKE PROOF BUILDINGS

DEVELOPED THE USE OF QUININE FOR TREATING MALARIAACHIEVEMENTS

THE COCA LEAF USED AS AN ANESTHETIC

REDUCED HUNGER

INCREASED STAMINABRAIN SURGERY

IT IS BELIEVED THAT SURGERY WAS 90% SUCCESSFULDECLINE THE SAPA INCA DIED WITHOUT CHOOSING A SUCCESSOR

HUAYNA CAPAC

THIS LED TO A CIVIL WAR BETWEEN TWO OF HIS SONS