Greek Warfare

Dahynn K, Eric S

Intro

Greek GeographyCity states

many different nationled to frequent fighting among the greeksUnification was very difficultOligarchy, Monarchy vs Democracy

Agean Sea

seperated the greece from troy, etc.need for navy

mostly for transportation

Formations

Battle Formations

PhalanxThis was the most commonly used battle formation in the Greek Age. The army would line up in lines with the first three or four lines would stick spears out. The back lines would stick spear straight into the air creating a wall of spears.They would lock the shields so that each person was blocking half of the body of the person next to them.

Before the phalanx tatic was thought of Greek soldiers fought in a completly different manner.

Battle Formations

Weakness in PhalanxBulky in sizeonce into enemy lines, it became disorganized fightingsince the men would have shields to their right, the lines would drift to the rightthis was fixed by putting more skilled and experienced soliders on the right side

Othismos followed by Phalanxwhen fighting phalanx vs phalanx

lines are at haltmatter of one line to break into the phalanx of another

Othismos is when the back soliders tries to push the front lines into the enemy

Phalanx

Example of Phalanx line: P= phalanx C= Cavalry A= Archers CCPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPCC CCPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPCC CCPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPCC CCPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPCC CCPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPCC CCPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPCC CCPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPCC CCPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPCC

AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA

Soldiers

Types of Soldiers

Hoplites (Heavy Infantry)These were the soldiers who were the ones doing the land fighting. They were the ones who typically used a phalanx.Were given a heavy circle shield, a spear, a breast plate, and a helmet.

Hippeis (calvary)Consisted of archers and javelin throwers.While riding horses they were armed with spears.Soldiers that ran along side the horses with the calvary men were called hamippis. Hamippis were typically armed with a spear or a sword.

Navy

TriremeA new Ship with 3 sets of rowsFaster, MobileMore defensive as wellused as transportation

Agean SeaExample in Trojan War

Became crucial

Battle of Thermopylae

Battle of Thermopylae

It was the first time the Greek navy was used in a battle. Thermistocles was able to use the Greek navy to help become a deciding factor in the outcome.Although they had to retreat Thermistocles was able to think of a new strategy to beat the Persian navy.

King Leonidas of Sparta led over 4,000 soldiers to meet Xerxes, son of Darius I, before he got to Sparta.The battle was fought in a pass that the Spartans knew about that allowed a very little of Xerxes army to be able to fight.They were able to hold the Persians off and could have continued until a traitor told Xerxes of a way around the pass leading to Leonidas sending away all but his 300 Spartan to fight until the death.

Trojan War

Trojan War

Paris, prince of troy, ran off with King Menelaus of Sparta's wife, HelenHelen is supposedly famous for her beauty Menelaus angered, went to Agamemnon, man who united greece with fear and control

entire army of greece set sail for troy Troy had unbreachable wallone of the best aries led by Prince HectorIlliad shows Hector vs AchiliesOdysseus, wise king of Ithaca, created Trojan HorseTroy was breached, burned down, and defeated

Based on the Illiad

Sources

Works Cited"The Ancient Greek Trireme and Its Modern Equivalent." Web. 23 Oct. 2010. <http://www.richeast.org/htwm/Greeks/kapost/ship.html>.This site was used for sole purpose. it was used to get information on the Greek Trireme. it stated that it was very mobile and defensive compared to the past models. Trireme included 3 sets of rows or ores that requires many people to operate but very fast once it is done. it included a prime example such from Trojan War."Ancient Greek Warfare." Essortment Articles: Free Online Articles on Health, Science, Education & More.. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2010. <http://www.essortment.com/all/ancientgreekwa_rwea.htm>.This website was extrmely resourceful. it included many basic and detail facts about greek warfare. this was my our central site researching further based off this. it showed various exmaples of phalanx, units, and even weaknesses. it showed political, economical, and social viewpoint of war."Ancient Greek Warfare." Kidipede - History for Kids - Homework Help for Middle School. Web. 23 Oct. 2010. <http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/war/>.this website was used to create the intro slide. it showed many key points about geography and basic political structure. it stated the presence of city states and the difficulty of unification due to it. it proved frequent fighting amongs the greeks also. the natural geography seperates greece from Asia Minor.Homer, and Robert Fitzgerald. The Illiad. London: Collins Harvill, 1985. Print.This is by far the most interesting source. this is written by homer with great detail of the Trojan War. all texts are not quite proven true but it shows the social historical viewpoint. i used many key information on the trojan war based on this book. ofcourse, due to the age and crdibility of this book, i was not sure what was truth or what was false but i did present them in a way that ensures the audience to know it is strictly based on homer.Luginbill, Robert D."Othismos: The Importance of the Mass-Shove in Hoplite Warfare." Jstor. Web. 23 Oct. 2010.This website was useful because it held so much information while providing a primary document. i got most of my information of Othismos. it said that it was a pushfrom the backlines of the phalanx against enemy phalanx to break into their lines. once the enemy is penetrated it becomes a disorganized war. examples of phalanx was also shown here."Thermopylae." Livius. Articles on Ancient History. Web. 23 Oct. 2010. <http://www.livius.org/th/thermopylae/thermopylae1.html>.This website was used for the battle of Thermopylae. it claimed many truths and myths about the famous 300 spartans. it showed examples of phalanx in various battles and showed greek warfare vs other nations. although severely outnumbered, greeks were able to damage the opponent for well. it showed success and failures of phalanx.