Greek Roman & Byzantine Art Greek Art/Architecture The Greeks were known not only for their development of warfare but their art and architecture. They produced pottery, painting, mosaics, architecture, music, and sculptures. The Greeks worked in Clay, Bronze, marble, and Glass. Greek Art Greek were famous for their Capitals which are seated atop the columns. The Three styles are Doric Ionic Corinthian Greek Art Doric Capital is wider and plainer then the others. Its a sturdier and was used in the mainland of Greece and found in southern Italy and Sicily. Greek Ionic capitals were a thinner design that had a scroll like design also known as a Volute. It is more decorative than the Doric style. This style was found in eastern Greece and its islands. Greek Art Corinthian Capitals are the most decorative of the three It features decoration of Acanthus leaves. Which is very elaborate. The symbolism of the acanthus leave (which grows in the meditation area) is of enduring life it was also displayed at funerals. This style capital wasnt used much in Greece but it used more in Roman Temples. Greek Art Some of the Greek famous temples are: Paestum http://www.sacred- destinations.com/italy/paestum.htmhttp://www.sacred- destinations.com/italy/paestum.htm Temple of Olympian Zeus http://www.sacred-destinations.com/greece/athens- temple-of-olympian-zeushttp://www.sacred-destinations.com/greece/athens- temple-of-olympian-zeus Temple of Apollo http://www.sacred- destinations.com/turkey/didyma.htmhttp://www.sacred- destinations.com/turkey/didyma.htm Temple of Hephaistos http://www.odysseyadventures.ca/articles/gree ktemple/greek_temple.htmhttp://www.odysseyadventures.ca/articles/gree ktemple/greek_temple.htm The Erechthion Temple on the Acropolis http://www.odysseyadventures.ca/articles/gree ktemple/greek_temple.htmhttp://www.odysseyadventures.ca/articles/gree ktemple/greek_temple.htm Greek Art Most famous of the Greek temples is the Parthenon. It is located in Athens Greece. Work started on the Parthenon in 447 B.C. It was finished in 432 B.C. (15 years to build) The design was a Doric floor plan which means it was a rectangle design with low steps on all sides and a colonnade on all sides. The temple was build to hold a massively tall statue of the goddess Athena. The statue was 40ft tall. The temple was covered in art work that celebrated Greek mythology. Greek Art The three major periods of Greek art are: Archaic: geometric design and beginning revitalization of the arts. Sculpture was rigid and stiff much like the Egyptian statues. Figures were Idealistic not realistic. Classical: controposto stance was introduced(figures would put all their weight on one leg. Figures showed movement and more realism. Hellenistic: Realism all the way baby! The figures and actions were to show reality as much as the artist skills would allow. The Boxer is an excellent example of this. Greek Art Some of the characteristics of Greek art were: Ideal form of the human body. Black figures in their pottery. Harmony and balance in the artwork. Beauty of form. Resources onicCapital.GIF&imgrefurl=http://academic.reed.edu/humanities/110Tech/Parthenon.html&usg=__ XYVFyEnKPrARkiky97_R2ayakzQ=&h=737&w=485&sz=199&hl=en&start=34&sig2=ygdYkK2KV6 JjVo1vqrGfYA&um=1&tbnid=Z_DrVKaHkt- 5_M:&tbnh=141&tbnw=93&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dionic%2Bcapitals%26ndsp%3D21%26hl%3De n%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en- US:official%26hs%3Dqc%26sa%3DN%26start%3D21%26um%3D1&ei=AcvCSr33DpO4Nun26LsE Roman Art The Roman were a very advanced civilization. They technology that was impressive even by todays standards. Indoor plumbing Aqueducts Engineering marvels Advanced Metal work/art Written language System of Government Presses for oils Roads Glassware Tools and weapons Mills, Mining and Harvesting Equipment. Ruder on boats Roman Art Roman built may famous structures throughout there empire some of these are: Coliseums Arch of Constantine The Pantheon Amphitheater Roman Baths Roman Art Coliseum in Rome Started in 72 A.D Was built for gladiator battles, executions (feeding Christians to lions) chariot races, and perhaps even mock navel battles. Held up to 55,000 people. Pantheon was rebuilt with the shape we know today by Hadrian in 118A.D. For many years scientist were amazed and puzzled on how the Dome of the Pantheon was constructed. It was discovered that it was built with concrete which was mixed volcanic stone/ash with that gets lighter as it goes up. The Pantheon was a tomb of famous Roman emperors and even Raphael was was in tomb here. Roman Art Not only were the Ancient Romans very talented in Architecture and engineering. They were also wonderful artisan. They worked with Metal, clay, stone, glass, mosaics, frescos, sculpture, painting, and jewelry. Much of the Roman art and architecture was inspired from Greek and Etruscan art. Romans were more realistic with their representation of the subject matter. Its interesting to note that the Romans believed that having realistic representations of someone's face kept their ghost happy and would keep them from haunting you. The Roman Art Keeps on Coming New Development in the lost and found of the Roman Empire. Mosaic floor found under a Football Field in England.Mosaic floor Rotating Floor of Empire Nero.Rotating Floor Statues bases found in the Blue Grotto.Statues bases found in the Blue Grotto Ancient Mosaic Floor revealed in Israel Israel All kinds of New discoveries. Roman Art Links to various site of Roman Art http://www.gothereguide.com/pantheon+rome-place/http://www.gothereguide.com/pantheon+rome-place/ http://www.unrv.com/culture/colosseum.phphttp://www.unrv.com/culture/colosseum.php http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/romans/art/http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/romans/art/ http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://xmb.stuffucanuse.com/xmb/viewthread.php%3Faction%3Dattachment%26t id%3D2983%26pid%3D7970&imgrefurl=http://xmb.stuffucanuse.com/xmb/viewthread.php%3Ftid%3D2983&usg=__i3WG dWmXq5JwOwuZdykDrR0B2gw=&h=360&w=465&sz=90&hl=en&start=10&sig2=VYH5EtgQXL_Og2Yb- EvF5Q&um=1&tbnid=5A_M5kLT5nWNTM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dancient%2Broman%2Bmosaics %26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26um%3D1&ei=zVrKSs34BJCCNoXf1fMH/uw6J/Ancient+Roman+Mosaic+Revealed+Israel/56qRY14hjON/Miriam+Avissarhttp://www.zimbio.com/pictures/PvZJg8- uw6J/Ancient+Roman+Mosaic+Revealed+Israel/56qRY14hjON/Miriam+Avissar _du_gard.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mvigeant/univ270_05/jake_aq/aqueducts.htm&usg=__t5gie dSGwgUX7AheNkRs_duBWUk=&h=375&w=550&sz=74&hl=en&start=3&sig2=hgANXvd1aUPPQ6iwdXks2w&um=1 &tbnid=xstLlY3tX7teCM:&tbnh=91&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3Droman%2Baqueducts%26hl%3Den%26client %3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en- US:official%26hs%3D34a%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1&ei=zWfKSosFgsQ2g7S08wc Byzantine Art 330 A. D To 1450 A.D Byzantine Art Also known as early Christian art. Byzantine Empire was part of the Eastern Roman Empire. The capital was Constantinople. Byzantine Empire lasted from 330 A.D. to 1450 A.D. when it was conquered by the Turks. Byzantine Art The term Byzantine refers more to a style of art. The Byzantine artist used mosaic and paintings mostly. There was very little sculpture produced during this time. Byzantine Art The artwork during this time was flat not showing much space. Figures for stiff and very stylized. The complete opposite of the Roman art. Figures were not realistic and idealized instead for religious purposes. Some art historians see Byzantine art as a decline from what had taken place previously in the Greek and Roman art. But really it was a way to harness the purpose for making art for spiritual purposes instead of pagan gods and vanity. Byzantine Art The Byzantines developed new techniques and reached new heights. Byzantine gold and silversmith, enamel-work, jewelry and textiles preserved the quality of anything done in ancient times. In mosaics and icon- painting they developed major and original art forms of their own. In architecture they achieved masterpieces such as Hagia Sophia, a building of superior scale and magnificence to anything in the ancient world. Hagia Sophia was the largest cathedral build for nearly 1000 years until the Sevil Cathedral in It was built from 532 A.D to 537 A.D. Hagia Sophia was the catalyst that change architectural design. Byzantine Art mlhttp://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/b/byzantine.ht mlyzantine.htmhttp://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/medieval/b yzantine.htm