Green and Sustainable Building · PDF fileGreen and Sustainable Building Design ... Vidyanidhi Education Society, ... • Solar hot water system • Wind • Geothermal

Green and Sustainable Building Design

Chitrarekha Kabre Professor and Chairperson

Dept of Architecture Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal INDIA

4/17/2012 1 CREEDPS_2012 Prof (Dr) Chitrarekha Kabre INDIA

4/17/2012 CREEDPS_2012 Prof (Dr) Chitrarekha Kabre INDIA 2

5Gtoe

11.2Gtoe

14%

>30% Kyoto Protocol

IEA(2010) Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries Mtoe: Million tone oil equivalent

World primary energy demand

World primary energy demand



Energy Prices

Substantial slow down in nuclear power generation developments to account for worldwide nuclear policy changes since the Fukushima incident.


Asia’s energy consumption



The McKinsey Global Institute

• Estimates that four of the five most cost-effective measures taken to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions involve building efficiency.

• The measures are building insulation, lighting systems, air conditioning and water heating.

• Improved efficiency for commercial vehicles is the only non-building issue to make it on to the top five list.


Future imperatives Energy efficient buildings

Uses less energy for heating, cooling, and lighting, without affecting comfort of the occupant

Saves electricity and fuel (used for electricity generation) consumption and saves money in the long run

Green buildings Uses less water, optimises energy efficiency, conserves

natural resources (such as trees, flora and fauna) generates less waste and provides healthier spaces for occupants, as compared to a conventional building

Saves time if effort is put into planning and saves money and enhances the natural environment in the long run

Sustainable buildings Do all of the above AND Generate their own energy, water, other resources such as food... Recycle their own waste water, solid waste, organic waste, etc.


Enabling Framework Bureau of Indian Standards (erstwhile Indian Standard Institution)

National Building Code 2005, Handbooks, Codes Bureau of Energy Efficiency

Established by Energy Conservation Act, 2001 Energy Conservation Building Code 2006

Central Electricity Authority Established by Electricity Act 2003 Electricity sector to reduce AT&C losses, improve performance and

quality, competitive pricing Ministry of Environment and Forest Planning Planning Commission

Integrated Energy Policy 2006 Looked at all aspects of energy consumption in the Indian economy, including small

scale / rural energy issues

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Sources GRIHA - Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment

Indian Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)


Latitude 6ºN & 36º N Longitudinal 68ºE & 98ºE Total area is about 3.2 million

square km


ECBC & Climatic Zones

Climatic Zone

Mean Monthly DBT (ºC)

Mean Monthly RH(%)

1. Hot-Dry Above 30 Below 55 2. Warm-

Humid Above 30 Above 55

Above 25 Above 75 3. Temperate 25-30 Below 75 4. Cold Below 25 All values 5. Composite A climatic zone that does not have

any season for more than 6 months

Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA)

• 34 criteria (8 mandatory, 4 partly mandatory and rest optional), 100 points, four bonus points

• Site Selection and Site Planning, including conservation and efficient use of resources,

• Building planning and construction, including designing for efficient use of energy and water, embodied energy use in the building materials and construction activities, use of renewable or recycled materials, the reuse of water, waste management, health, well-being, and

• Building operation and maintenance, including energy audits and validation, building operations and maintenance, and

• Innovation covers up to four bonus points.



50 to 60 points

61 to 70 points

71 to 80 points

81 to 90 points

91 to 100 points

(GRIHA) Star Certification

Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED)

• Sustainable sites (maximum 13 points) • Water efficiency (maximum 6 points) • Energy & atmosphere (maximum 17

points) • Material & resources (maximum 13 points) • Indoor environment quality (maximum 15

points) • Innovation in design (maximum 5 points)


LEED India NC

• Certified equates to 26 to 32 points • Silver rating equates to 33 to 38 points • Gold rating equates to 39 to 51 points • Platinum rating equates to 52 to 69 points • The intent of LEED India NC is to assist in

the creation of high performance, healthful, durable, affordable and environmentally sound commercial and institutional buildings.


Time line


1987

• OUR COMMON FUTURE (BRUNDTLAND REPORT) • World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED). Our

common future. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987 p. 43.

1992

• EARTH SUMMIT • UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) Rio de Janeiro,

Argentina Agenda 21 www.unep.org/unep/partners/un/unced/home.htm

2002

• WORLD SUMMIT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (10+ UNCED)

• Johansnesburgssummit.org

2012 • UN CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - RIO+20

20-22June (20+ UNCED)

Stern warning-Nicholas Stern-2006

• 1% of global GDP to fight CC or global economy will loose 5-20% of GDP!!


Old versus New Environment Old Environment: “Take only pictures.

Leave only footprints.”

New Environment: “Take only pictures.

Leave NO footprints.”


Lowest cost co2 mitigation option

• Co2 350 ppm currently • Should not exceed 450

ppm by 2100 • Cap temperature

increase to 2 degrees only.

ppm parts per million


Inclusive growth


Innovation…


Green learning environment… “A school is a building which has four

walls and the future inside.” A “green learning environment” is an energy

efficient, higher performing school that can be environmentally beneficial, economical to build and operate, and offer improved learning environments.

Public school facilities are increasingly designed and constructed to be efficient, effective, and sustainable for their expected building life to enhance energy efficiency and environmental awareness.


Development of a child


Language development

Physical and mental development

Development of creative expression and aesthetic appreciation

Emotional development

Social development

Intellectual development

Design elements 1 • Site design

2 • Daylighting and windows

3 • Energy-efficient building shell

4 • Lighting and electrical systems

5 • Mechanical and ventilation systems

6 • Renewable energy systems

7 • Water conservation

8 • Recycling systems and waste management

9 • Transportation

10 • Resource efficient building products


Exemplars… 1. Auroville (Suhasini Aiyer Guigan) 2. The Doon School (Kothari & Associates) 3. Delhi Public School, Agra 4. Vidyanidhi Education Society, Gurgaon 5. The Shri Ram School, Gurgaon 6. Salwan Public School 7. Woodstock School, Mussorie (Ar Niraj Manchanda) 8. Druk White Lotus School, Leh (Ove Arup) 9. Green Schools Program, CSE 10. Mirambika, New Delhi (Ar Sanjay Prakash) 11. Shikshantar, Gurgaon 12. Pragyan, Greater Noida (Ar Sanjay Prakash) 13. Earth School, Jalandhar (Ar Sanjay Prakash)


CREED-PS 2011-12 • The actual student competition of the

Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) for a Sustainable School is starting point of detailed discussions on buildings, spaces, products and user’s needs for a successful implementation of measures for the improvement of life conditions.

• Students from DCRUSTM and HSOWL made design interventions


Site location


SITE

Design Criteria


Gurukul Tradition


Panchbhuta: Five elements

: AGNI : FIRE

:AKASH : SKY

: VAYU : AIR

:PRITHVI: EARTH

: JAL : WATER


Vastu Purush Mandala


Site Design

• Selecting site Cost Environment Health/safety Community

• Local ecosystem • Water conserving • Erosion control &

off-site impacts


• Building orientation • Renewable energy • Maximize potential

of site

Site Design


RAIN WATER HARVESTING

WESTSIDE EVERGREEN TREES Alstenia Scholaris, Coastal She-oak, Golden Shower Tree, Coral Tree, Fiddle Leaf Fig, southern Silky Oak, Tabebuia Supp, Weeping Fig

SOUTH SIDE DECIDIOUS TREES Golden Shower Tree, Kapok, Lagerstomia Supp

SUN PATH

EASTSIDE EVERGREEN TREES Alstenia Scholaris, Coastal She-oak, Golden Shower Tree, Coral Tree, Fiddle Leaf Fig, Southern Silky Oak, Tabebuia Supp

EVAPORATIVE COOLING FOUNTAIN

NORTH SIDE Scarlet Bush, Bauhinia, Ipomia Goldeana

PERMEABLE PAVING

N

WIND FUNNEL

Site design


Landscaped courtyard

Skylight

Semi-paved Pathways

Shaded Pathways

Passive techniques


Orientation

Roof Garden

Earth Berming Ground water Storage Tank

Shading Devices Strip windows

Design guidelines for daylighting

• Building orientation & solar access

• Roof monitors & clerestories

• Light shelves • Light controls • Interior finishes • Skylights • Windows (exterior &

interior treatment)


Day lighting & artificial lighting


Geothermal energy

Lighting Shelves

Photovoltaic cells

Cavity wall

Energy efficient building shell

• Massive wall • Insulation • Radiant heat • Moisture & infiltration

strategies • Embodied energy


Innovative materials


Renewable Energy systems

• Building integrated approach • Solar hot water system • Wind • Geothermal • Photovoltaics • Stand alone • Grid connected


Water conservation


House in house


German – Learning Formation


self - teaching one-to-one lesson Demonstration Informally Learning

Geothermal heat exchanger


Geothermal energy sonde Geothermal energy collector Functionality Summer

Functionality Winter Geothermal energy helix

Recycle, reuse


Functional principle Winter Summer

• 2nd floor: enveloping structure of twining plants provides a microclimate for the inhabitants through shading and evaporation

• 1st floor: facade made of bottles, packed with sand, placed on their side and stacked up, and bound together with cement

Double glazing, rotatable

Plastic bottle facade with lounge windows

Green principles


• communication

• sustainability

• energy efficiency

• comfort

• natural building materials

• flexibility

Water conservation


97%

2% 1%

Water the earth

Mandatory

• Central Government

• States Government

Cooperation • Stakeholders

National Directory

• Regulating standards

4/17/2012 46 CREEDPS_2012 Prof (Dr) Chitrarekha Kabre INDIA

CONCLUSION

Go Green…


Documents

Green and Sustainable Building · PDF fileGreen and Sustainable Building Design ... Vidyanidhi Education Society, ... • Solar hot water system • Wind • Geothermal