Green Chemistry Does Not Fear Humidity in a Floor

Dr. Jean-Luc DallonsCardolite Corporation

Presented at a meeting of the Thermoset Resin Formulators Association at the Hyatt Regency Savannah in Savannah,

Georgia, September 10 – 11, 2007

This paper is presented by invitation of TRFA. It is publicly distributed upon request by the TRFA to assist in the communication of information and

viewpoints relevant to the thermoset industry. The paper and its contents have not been reviewed or evaluated by the TRFA and should not be construed as

having been adopted or endorsed by the TRFA.

Green Chemistry Does Not Fear Humidity In a Floor

TRFA – Savannah, GA – September 2007

Dr Jean-Luc Dallons – Cardolite Corporation

Content

IntroductionPhenalkamine TechnologyHumidity ToleranceCoating on Green ConcreteHumidity in the BasementSolvent FreeConclusions

Introduction

Most Common Floor Coating

The selling argument :

Primer is mandatory to guarantee defect-free floors

Primer can however be the source of huge problems

All depends on surface preparation

The foe is humidity(Basement – Rainfall – Not fully cured concrete)

Loss of AdhesionBlistering

IdeallyHumidity Tolerant PrimerSolvent Free System

Phenalkamine Technology

Apple

HoneycombContains CNSLInner Shell

Outer Shell

Kernel

Phenalkamine Technology

Anacardic acid

Cardanol

Cardol

2-methyl cardol

Phenalkamine Technology

Cardanol

Phenalkamines

CNSL

Cardanol

Phenalkamines

CNSL

Cardanol

PhenalkaminesPhenalkamines

CNSL

Cardanol

Phenalkamines

CNSL

Cardanol

PhenalkaminesPhenalkamines

CNSL

Cardanol

PhenalkaminesPhenalkamines

CNSL

Cardanol

PhenalkaminesPhenalkamines

CNSL

Reactivity Enhancement

Adhesion

AnticorrosionFlexibility

Chemical Resistance

Cardanol Properties

Humidity Tolerant Primer (Rainfall)Concrete immersion

(1 week)

1

Coating after 2 h drying(300 µm)

2Top-coated with Desmodur VL (4mm thick)After 7 days dryning of the primer

@ 8 °C under 85 % Hum.

3

Adhesion TestPull-off strength Method

After 7 days drying @8°C under 85 % Hum.

Concrete immersion(1 week)

1

Coating after 2 h drying(300 µm)

2Top-coated with Desmodur VL (4mm thick)After 7 days dryning of the primer

@ 8 °C under 85 % Hum.

3

Adhesion TestPull-off strength Method

After 7 days drying @8°C under 85 % Hum.

Humidity Tolerant Primer (Rainfall)

Phenal # 1 Phenal # 2 Bench MarkPhenal # 1 Phenal # 2 Bench Mark

22.8 kg/cm² 26.5 kg/cm² 1.5 kg/cm²

21.4 kg/cm² 21.6 kg/cm² 33.3 kg/cm²

Not Fully Cured Concrete

3535

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Curing Time (days)

Adh

esio

n St

reng

th (N

/mm

²)

0,00

1,00

2,00

3,00

4,00

5,00

6,00

7,00

8,00

9,00

Moi

stur

e C

onte

nt (%

)

Ahesion strength (N/mm²)

Primer Adhesion (N/mm²)

Moisture Content (%)

Humidity in BasementConcrete immersion

1

Coating of the sidesafter drying (3 to 4 h)

2One week immersion

3

Coating of the surfaceAfter drying (3 to 4 h)

4Partial immersion and IR warming according to a cycle of 8 h per 24 h

5

Concrete immersion

1

Coating of the sidesafter drying (3 to 4 h)

2One week immersion

3

Coating of the surfaceAfter drying (3 to 4 h)

4Partial immersion and IR warming according to a cycle of 8 h per 24 h

5

Humidity in Basement

Test

Top Coated with PUPrimer

TestTest

Top Coated with PUTop Coated with PUPrimerPrimer

Solvent Free

Component Quantity (pbw) Part A Bisphenol A/F Epoxy resin 100 Part B Phenal #1

Additives 50.00 3.75

Conclusions

Phenalkamines Bring About :

Humidity Tolerant PrimersSolvent Free CoatingsRenewable Raw Material