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Green Janitorial OperationsGreen Janitorial Operations
Add Environmental Performance into Your Cleaning Program
Heather Davies
Office of Environmental Policy and Compliance
U.S. Department of the Interior
(202) 208-7884
Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview
Benefits of Green Cleaning
Evaluating Cleaning Products Risks and Use of Personal Protection Equipment
Finding Preferable Products
Side-by-Side Review -Typical Cleaners
Managing Cleaning Products
Starting Cleaning Stewardship Program
Contracting for Green Cleaning
JWOD Vendors, Certified Products, Other Vendor Lists
CreditsCredits
Tom Barron - EPA Region 9 Janitorial Pollution Prevention Project
Eastern Research Group
Steve Ashkin
Blane Robinson, NISH
George Aarons, NIB
Joan Smith, Committee for Purchase From People Who Are
Blind or Severely Disabled
I like to mention what I call the “virdian verge.” “Virdian” for green and “verge” to emphasize a “coming together.” We are increasingly seeing a coming together of environmental and economic goals.”
P. Lynn Scarlett, Ast. Sec. - Policy Management and Budget
Greening the Department of the Interior
Vision Statement
Greening the Department of the Interior
Vision Statement
The Department will be an innovative leader in “greening” the Federal government by actively
and systematically protecting the natural processes that sustain life on earth.
To fulfill this vision, Interior will, in its own operations, minimize solid waste, prevent
pollution, save energy and other resources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and
encourage public support and participation.
Why make any changes to your cleaning program?Why make any changes to your cleaning program?
Worker health concerns
Costs of worker injuries
Environmental threats
Improved Indoor Air Quality
Leadership opportunity
Federal mandates
Because there are safer, cost-effective alternatives
Worker Health ConcernsWorker Health Concerns
An average of 58.2 lbs. of chemical cleaning products are used per janitor per year
6% of cleaners should be avoided because of serious health/environmental threats
35% of cleaners require extreme care during use because they can blind the unprotected user, can cause severe skin damage, or can be absorbed through the skin or be inhaled to harm internal organs
Worker InjuriesWorker Injuries
Acute: – Blindness– Skin damage– Lung damage
Longer term:– Damage to fetus– Hormone modification– Cancer– Organ damage
Chronic ProblemsChronic Problems
Chemical dermatitis
Chemical-induced asthma
Chemical sensitivities
Cost of Worker InjuriesCost of Worker Injuries
40% involve eye irritation and burns 35% involve skin irritation and burns 12% involve breathing chemical fumes
6 of 100 employees have loss time Average cost of $725 per claim
From analysis of worker comp claims in Washington StateTom Barron
Environmental ThreatsEnvironmental Threats
Aquatic toxicity
Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic Compounds
Eutrophication
Disruption to POTW
Endocrine Disruption
Smog precursors
Ozone depleters
Non-renewable resources
Unnecessary SacrificeUnnecessary Sacrifice
Why subject yourself and your workers to more risk then you have to?
Why jeopardize your opportunity to have a high quality, healthy, long life?
Why pass injury along to your children?
Why would we knowingly compromise environmental quality?
Indoor Air QUALITYIndoor Air QUALITY
Reduced complaints Lower health concerns Improved employee productivity For schools, increased attendance
improved school performance, lower incidence of asthma
EPA’s Tools for Schools Air Quality Program
Leadership OpportunityLeadership Opportunity
Get Certified by the U.S. Green Building Council
– Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Existing Buildings (LEED EB)
– Green housekeeping credits
LEED EB Green Housekeeping CreditsLEED EB Green Housekeeping Credits
Walk-off mats (1 pt) Chemical storage mixing areas (1 pt) Isolate, exhaust copy rooms (1 pt) Low-impact cleaning fluid and housekeeping(1
pt)– Sustainable cleaning and hard flooring coating systems– Green Seal GS 37 or CA CR low voc– Utilization of concentrated cleaning products
Low impact disposable products (1 pt)- Min. 30% PCW, 100% recycled paper products- Manufactured without the use of chlorine- Plastic trash bags
Integrated indoor pest management (1 pt) Outdoor storage facility (1 pt)
Why Buy Green?We are required to.Why Buy Green?We are required to.
RCRA 6002, Greening the Government EOs
Statutes andExecutive Orders
FAR, CPG
Green Procurement
Regulations
Departmental Policy DIAPRs
Bureau Policy COTI, ...
Regional/FacilityPolicy
SOPs
Executive OrdersExecutive Orders
Greening the Government
EO 12843Ozone
DepletingSubstances
EO 13148 – Environmental Leadership
EO 12902Energy Efficiency
andWater Conservation
EO 12856Pollution Prevention
EO 12669Community
Right-to-Know
EO 13101Waste Prevention,
RecyclingFederal Acquisition
EO 12845Energy Efficient
Computers
Federal Acquisition RegulationsFederal Acquisition Regulations
Green Procurement Revisions Published June 6, 2000
Ongoing revisions to accommodate new Greening the Government EOs.
Part 7 - Acquisition Planning Part 11 - Defining Agency Needs Part 13 - Simplified Acquisition
Procedures Part 23 - Environment,
Conservation … Part 52 - Solicitation Provisions
and Clauses
Evaluating/Managing Product RiskEvaluating/Managing Product Risk
Learn about your most hazardous ingredients/products
Become a “Power MSDS User”
Communicate hazards
Be in style, wear appropriate PPE
What are the highest risk products?What are the highest risk products?
Acid toilet bowl cleaner
Hydrochloric acidBurns eyes & skin Can cause blindness
Carpet spotterPerchloroethyleneHexane
PoisonousCauses cancerFlammable
General purpose cleaner
ButoxyethanolSodium hydroxideEthanolamine
Burns eyes and skinPoisonous
Floor finish stripperButoxyethanolSodium hydroxideEthanolamine
Burns eyes and skinPoisonous
Baseboard stripperButoxyethanolSodium hydroxideEthanolamine
Burns eyes and skinPoisonous
More high risk productsMore high risk products
Graffiti RemoverMethylene chloridePerchlorethylene
PoisonousCauses cancerFlammable
Glass cleaner ButoexyethanolFlammablePoisonous
Disinfectant
ChlorinePhenolQuaternary ammoniaHydrogen peroxide
Burns eyes and skinPoisonous
Which ingredients have high risks?Which ingredients have high risks?
ACIDS Hydrochloric acidPhosphoric acidCorrosive:
Causes blindnessDamages skinDisrupts POTW
CAUSTICS Sodium hydroxideSodium metasilicatePotassium hydroxide
Causes blindnessDamages skinDisrupts POTW
SOLVENTS PerchloroethyleneButoxyethanolEthanolamineTolueneHCFC-141
Causes cancerPoison (absorbs though skin & poisons liver, kidneys, and fetus)Depletes ozone layer
SURFACTANTS Alkyl phenol ethoxylates
Endocrine disruption
DISINFECTANTS
Sodium hypochloriteParadichlorobenzeneQuaternary ammonium chloride
Corrosive & reactiveCauses cancerCorrosive & CNS depressant
Hints on Using a MSDSHints on Using a MSDS
Make sure it is no more than 1 year old
Ask for “New Jersey” compliant version
Call manufacturer and ask for fax
You won’t find them at Home Depot
Not all MSDSs are organized the same way
What to look for on the MSDS?What to look for on the MSDS?
Section 1: Identification– Date, Product name,
Manufacturer, Emergency contact info, HMIS
Section 2: Hazardous ingredients– Common name, CAS #
for any chemical present at 1% or more or 0.1% of carcinogens, OSHA thresholds
Section 3: Physical properties- % VOC, pH, vapor
density, specific gravity, odor
Section 4: Fire hazard- Flashpoint, fire fighting
precautions, NFPA rating Section 5: Reactivity
– Stability, incompatibility Section 6: Health hazards
– Route of exposure, effects (CNS, target organ, respiratory, carcinogen, reproductive hazard)
Section 7: Spill/Disposal Section 8: Safe Handling
– PPE needed (respiratory, gloves, googles)
– Ventilation reqs
Hazard CommunicationHazard Communication
Never can eliminate all risk Build HAZCOM into your program Buy comfortable PPE Personalize cleaning procedures Consider color-coding Make MSDS accessible to staff while
working Practice spill response
Personnel Protective EquipmentPersonnel Protective Equipment
Gloves– Cotton liners– Antibacterial
handcream– Chemical resistance
(Nitrile)
Googles– Soft rubber– Wrap-around– Not impact safety
glasses
Apron– For mixing
Eyewash and shower– Located within 10
seconds reach of any employee who is handling corrosive chemicals
Finding Preferable ProductsFinding Preferable Products
Explore what is being used elsewhere
Green Seal standard for general purpose, bathroom and glass cleaners
Goal: Use the least aggressive, safest product that is effective for the cleaning task
Green Seal Standard CriteriaGreen Seal Standard Criteria
Overall toxicity Carcinogenic/
reproductive toxicity Skin/eye irritant Sensitization Combustaibility Photochemical
smog/ozone/IAQ Aquatic toxicity
Aquatic biodegradability
Eutrophication Packaging Concentrates Fragrances Prohibited
Ingredients Training Animal testing
Additional ConcernsAdditional Concerns
Phenol
Glycol ethers– Ethylene glycol– Propylene glycol is safer– When present in cleaner – WEAR
GLOVES
PAPER and Non-Chemical ProductsPAPER and Non-Chemical Products
Bathroom tissue*– 20-60% PCW
Paper towels*– 40-60% PCW
Facial tissue– 10-15% PCW
Industrial wipers*– 40% PCW
Toilet seat covers
Plastic trash bags*– 10 – 100%
Recycling containers*– 20- 100% PCW, plastic
Janitorial carts Plastic mop buckets
* Comprehensive Procurement Guideline item
More products to considerMore products to consider
Weed killers– Vinegar, lemon juice based
Insecticides– Cayenne-based
De-icers– Buffered urea– CMA– …
Side By Side ComparisonsSide By Side Comparisons
Window cleaners Toilet cleaners Restroom cleaners Metal cleaners
Greening DOI’s Main Interior Building
Custodial Services
Greening DOI’s Main Interior Building
Custodial Services
Incorporation of Environmental Requirements
Into Acquisition Processes:A Case Study in Buying
Environmentally Preferable Services
Main Interior BuildingMain Interior Building
Final FAR LanguageFederal Register 6/6/00Final FAR LanguageFederal Register 6/6/00
Part 11.002 Defining Agency Needs - Policy“Executive agencies must consider use of
recovered materials, environmentally preferable purchasing criteria developed by EPA, and environmental objectives (see 23.704 (b)) when-(1) developing, revising, …specifications;
(2) describing government requirements…; (3) developing source selection factors.
FAR 23.703Environmental Considerations
FAR 23.703Environmental Considerations
Maximize the use of environmentally preferable products and services;
Maximize the use of energy-efficient products; Eliminate or reduce the generation of
hazardous waste…; Promote the use of non-hazardous and
recovered materials; Realize life-cycle cost savings; Promote cost effective waste reduction…; Consider use of biobased products.
Scope of ServicesScope of Services
1 year contract, 4 1-year options Gross area: 1,423,745 s.f. Occupant population: 2,936 Products:
– Chemical cleaners, cleaning equipment, bathroom products
Services: – daily cleaning, floors maintenance, trash removal
and recycling, exterior windows (annually), venetian blinds (annually), elevator services, snow removal
Process FollowedProcess Followed
Initial Request: 11/98 Team Formed/Objectives Defined: 11/98 Research 12/98 Selection of Attributes: 1/99 Revision of Solicitation: 2/99 Solicitation Issued: 2/12/99 Proposals Received: 4/99 Award: 7/99
Who Was Involved?Who Was Involved?
Contract Team Consisted of:– Facilities Management– Solicitor’s Office– Procurement Policy Office – Environmental Policy Office– NPS Environmental Management– U.S. EPA Exposure Assessment
Branch
Getting StartedGetting Started
Initial Challenges – Absence of Existing Contract Language – Absence of Guidelines to Define Compliance
Define Objectives and Scope:– Follow Executive Order 13101 – Comply with CPG– Custodial worker protection– Indoor air quality – Regional environmental considerations– Waste minimization
– Inclusion of existing third party standards
What had been done before?What did we want to do?
What had been done before?What did we want to do?
Research into Available Standards:– City of Santa Monica, Yellowstone NP– EPA/GSA Custodial Pilot
– Green Seal Paper and Household Cleaner Standards Decisions Regarding Scope of Environmental
Requirements, Attribute Selection - Three parts: – Chemical cleaning products, – Recycled content products– Recycling enhancement strategies
Who Contract Was ModifiedWho Contract Was Modified
Incorporation into Solicitation and Specifications– Section C - Scope of Service– Section L - Instructions to Offerors– Section M - Evaluation Factors for Award– Attachments
Evaluation Plan: Environmental Preferability Given 1/3 of Total Rating
Two Panels: Technical Evaluation Panel and Environmental
MANDATORY DESIRABLE
Product Category Does not containChesapeake Bay
Toxics of Concernor 33/50 Target
Pollutants
Not in asealedaerosol
spray can
Does notcontain
known orprobable
carcinogen
Is not ahazardouswaste whendisposed of
MinimizesSkin, Eye, andLung Irritation
Biodegrad-able
(verified bytesting?)
Fragrance andDye
Additives
RecyclableContent
Packaging/MinimizesNon-recycl
Waste
Other
All-Purpose Cleaner (If yes, identifywhich chemical)
(yes/no) (If yes, whichchemical)
(yes/no) (yes/no; yes/no)
General Degreaser
General Disinfectant
Floor Stripper
Bathroom Cleaner
Cleaning Chemical Characteristics
OFFEROR COMPANY NAME _______________________ ATTACHMENT A-2 (AMENDED)
Section L7 - Environmental Preferability SubmissionPart F and G: Recycled Content Products - Mandatory and Desirable Characteristics
* Offerors must identify the brand name and manufacturer in the first column below foreach offered recycled content product, attach supporting documentation, and submit asample of the product for efficacy testing
Product CategoriesEstimatedPurchaseVolumeOver
ContractLife
RecoveredMaterialContent
Post-consumerContent
DeinkingAgent
BleachingAgent
Bathroom tissue (mandatorymin. = 100%)
(mandatorymin. = 20%)
Paper towels (mandatorymin. = 100%)
(mandatorymin. = 50%)
General purposeindustrial wipers
(mandatorymin. = 100%)
(mandatorymin. = 40%)
Toilet Seat Covers (mandatorymin. = 100%)
(mandatorymin. = 50%)
Recycled Content Products
Enhanced Recycling StrategiesEnhanced Recycling Strategies
Procedures for monitoring waste/recycling volume
Procedures for monitoring rates of participation in recycling program
Procedures for promoting building occupant participation/avoid contamination
Measures to ensure contractor observance of program
Section M - Source Selection Section M - Source Selection
30% Environmental
“ Completeness and thoroughness of submittal addressing environmental preferability/recycled content products and strategies for execution of a successful waste reduction/recycling program”
Experience - 15% (partially assigned to environmental)
How Well Did It Work?How Well Did It Work?
A Lot of Questions at PreBid 19 Offers (Roughly Half Understood
Environmental Submittal) Competitive Range: A Handful of
Really Good Submitals Best Value Selected: Best
Environmental, Best Technical, Lowest Price
of Competitive Range
Update: Spring 2003Update: Spring 2003
Chimes, a NISH affiliated work center, working since starting 9/01
Chimes has now converted almost all of their sites in the DC Metro Area
Over 20 million s.f. of federal office space cleaned with certified cleaners
Improving indoor air quality for 90,000 federal office workers and workplace safety for 1,400 disabled workers!!!!
Gloria, Night Supervisor, + Chemical Portioner
R-M Developed Mixing, Application Guidelines
DOIs Mixing GuidelinesDOIs Mixing Guidelines
Environmentally preferable tissueEnvironmentally preferable tissue
RTU Solution Bottles RTU Solution Bottles
Our “Fish-Friendly Floors”Our “Fish-Friendly Floors”
Office Spruce UpOffice Spruce Up
Resulted in Donation of 150 boxes of Reusable Office
Supplies to DCPS
MIB Office Supply Recycling & Green Office SUPPLIESMIB Office Supply Recycling & Green Office SUPPLIES
Donation of 27 Pentium II Computers, March 2002, to
District of Columbia
Public Schools
Green ContractsGreen Contracts
Specification of green products Incentives to use green products
(performance-based) Environmental submittals in
response to solicitation Source selection factors include
environmental performance criteria
Environmentally Preferable Services?Environmentally Preferable Services?
Services that use environmentally preferable products and/or practices– Custodial Services– Operation and Maintenance– Landscaping and Land Management– Concessioner Operations– Waste Removal – Construction and Demolition/Remodeling
Opportunities exist with most federal service contracts/construction contracts.
Guidance Document ResourcesGuidance Document Resources
Vendor “List of lists” Check list for Assessing Baseline
Conditions Transition Planning Suggestions ASTM Standard E 1971 – Stewardship for
the Cleaning of Commercial and Institutional Buildings
Green Seal Standard DOI Custodial Contract Language
JWOD Certified Green CleanersJWOD Certified Green Cleaners
• St. Louis Lighthouse for the Blind
- Rochester Midland
• Blind Industries and Services of Maryland
– Envirox and 3M Twist & Fill
Resource LinkResource Link
http://GreeningInterior.doi.gov