RENEWABLE ENERGYGRID CONNECTED / OFF GRID APPLICATIONS

Presented by

P Srirama Raju

Managing Director

M/s. Surya Renewable Energy Entrepreneur Pvt Ltd

• EARTH IS OUR MOTHER, WHATEVER BEFALLS ON EARTH, BEFALLS ON CHILDREN OF EARTH

• REMEMBER THAT WE BELONG TO THIS EARTH BUT THE EARTH DOES NOT BELONG TO US

Energy Energy, Economy & Environment are the three inter-

related areas having direct correlation fordevelopment of any nation. Per capita energyconsumption is an index for development of anyNation.

Per capita energy consumption in our country isabout 800 units which is very low compared againstworld average of 2,782 Units and the per capitaconsumption of developed nations which is about8000 units and above.

Power generation with conventional sources hascertain limitations and also associated withenvironmental problems.

Disadvantages & Limitations Of Conventional Energy

* Resources are limited and may not be able to meet the increase future demand

* Emission of “Green house” gasses from thermal power stations

* Submersion of low lying areas under Hydel power Projects.

* Consumption of fossil fuels towards transportation of raw material i.e. coal for thermal power stations

* Centralized power generation results in high losses in transmission & distribution

* De-forestation will have adverse effect on climate change

Present Power Scenario of India

Type of Emission

Emission per Kwh

CO2 1.12 Kg

No 10.00 Gms

SO2 7.40 Gms

SPM 3.00 Gms

Green House Gases - Emission per Kwh from Coal Fired Thermal Power Plant

Effects of EmissionsCO2 remains in atmosphere for hundreds of

years and the impact is cumulative.

Increased concentration of green house

gases will lead to

• Depletion of Ozone layer

• Rise in global mean temperatures

• Results in ecological imbalances

• Influences rainfall

• Rise in sea levels thereby inundating costal areas.

Resources and Technologies of Renewable Energy

Solar

Wind

Biomass

Small Hydro

Waste to Energy: Municipal Solid / Liquid Waste,Industrial Waste

Bio Diesel

OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy)

Wave Energy

Geo-thermal energy

Fuel Cell Technologies

Advantages of Renewable Energy Technologies

* Resources are everlasting

* No environmental concern problems

* Modular in nature

* No T & D losses

* Tailor made power generation system to cater to customer needs

Ministry of New & Renewable Energy

Programme / Scheme wise Physical Progress in 2015-16 (& during the month of March,2016)

SectorFY – 2015-16

Cumulative

Achievements

Target Achievement (as on 31.03.2016)

I. GRID-INTERACTIVE POWER (CAPACITIES IN MW)

Wind Power 2400.00 3414.65 26769.05

Solar Power 1400.00 3018.80 6762.85

Small Hydro Power 250.00 218.60 4273.90

Bio Power (Biomass &

Gasification and

Bagasse

Cogeneration)400.00 400.00 4831.33

Waste to power 10.00 0.00 115.08

Total 4460.00 7052.05 42752.21

II. OFF-GRID/ CAPTIVE POWER (CAPACITIES IN MWEQ)

Waste to Energy 10.00 14.13 16.16

Biomass (Non-

Bagasse)

Cogeneration

60.00 60.04 651.91

Biomass Gasifiers –

- Rural

-

Industrial

2.00 0.20 18.15

6.00 12.34 164.24

Aero-Generators /

Hybrid Systems0.50 0.16 2.69

SPV Systems 50.00 87.67 313.88

Water Mills / Micro

Hydel2.00 1.50 18.71

Total 130.50 176.04 1329.74

III. OTHER RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

Family Biogas

Plants (in Lakhs)1.10 0.57 48.55

Solar Water

Heating- Coll.

Areas (million

m2)

0.00 0.00 8.90

The Sun radiates 180 billion MW of energy

over the earth.

Just one hour of this energy could meet the power needs of

the entire planet for a year.

This energy is clean pollution free,inexhaustible, is available free

and in abundance.

Solar Energy

Sun radiates 180 billion MW of energy over the earth per day.

The three exclusive technologies for utilising solar energy are:-

Solar photovoltaic technology

Solar Thermal technology

Solar Passive architecture

S P V Off Grid/Stand Alone Systems

• Solar PV Portable Lantren

• Solar PV Home Lighting Systems

• Solar PV Street Lighting systems

• Solar PV Pumping Systems

• Solar PV Communication Systems etc

• Solar PV Roof top Power plants

Solar Photovoltaic

• This technology facilitates in converting the solar energy into electrical energy and is being used for applications like

– Lighting

Solar Lanterns

Solar lanterns offer best alternative to kerosenelamps, gas lamps and conventional emergencylights.

Portable, light and suitable for use in both indoorand outdoor applications

Solar Lanterns provide opportunity to rural youth

for establishing centralised charging system to

charge set of lanterns and lease them on daily

rental basis. They can also establish sales and

service centres.

Home Lighting Systems

The Power Solar Home Lighting Systems is aprepackaged control unit designed for ruralhome electrification. Just adds batteries andmodules for a complete solar home system thatreplaces dry cell batteries, kerosene and candleswith safe, dependable solar energy. Thesesystems supply electricity for lighting,entertainment and information to homes thatare not connected to utility power grids. TheThoshiba Home Lighting Systems includeselectronic system safeguards and provides yearsof reliable service and convenience.

Solar Street Lights

Solar Garden Lights

The Solar Garden Lighting System is an innovative lighting system based on the principle of conversion of solar energy into DC electricity.

Solar Garden Lights are used in gardens to improve the look of the garden. By using solar garden lights, you can easily design your garden as you wish. During night times, you can easily cross your garden without getting stung or bitten with the help of these lights. You may choose to buy compatible sizes, designs and colors of lights that suit our garden.

Energy Access Scheme

Around 80,000 Villages do not have access to grid power.

Under the Remote Village Electrification Scheme, around 20,000 villages have been covered so far.

R E C is the Nodal Agency for electrification of these Villages with appropriate Renewable Energy sources

» Water pumping

Solar Pumps are useful for agriculture, horticulture and drinking water purpose.

They can draw water from open wells, bore wells and streams.

These systems functions during clear sunny days without any battery back-up.

Solar Water Pump System

SOLAR SECURITY FENCING

Solar fence is scientific fence and works on Solar Energy with back up facility to run uninterruptedly.

The whole system can be derived into two segments one is the central control unit and the other once is fence.

Wall top fencing

Farm House

Consumption of Electricity (from utilities)

by Sectors in India

Industry Agriculture Domestic CommercialTraction &

RailwaysOthers

Total

Electricity

Consumed

Distribution 44.84 17.30 22.01 8.97 1.85 5.03 100.00

Growth Rate of

2011-12 over

2010-11(%)

27.10 1.28 0.42 2.94 2.31 -0.95 11.26

CAGR 1970-71

to 2011-12 (%)6.03 8.43 9.44 8.16 5.76 7.45 7.08

(Giga Watt hour) = (106 x Kilo Watt hour)

Sector wise Consumption of Electricity (Utilities) during 2011-12

Wind Energy

STATE WISE WIND POWER INSTALLEDCAPACITY IN INDIA

S No State

Cumulative Installed

Capacity (MW) as on

31.03.2013

1 Andhra Pradesh 447.70

2 Gujarat 3174.90

3 Karnataka 2135.30

4 Kerala 35.10

5 Madhya Pradesh 386

6 Maharashtra 3021.80

7 Orissa -

8 Rajasthan 2684.90

9 Tamilnadu 7162.30

10 Others 4.30

Total (All India) 19052.30

Sl No. States/UTsInstallable Potential

(in MW) 1 Andhra Pradesh 53942 Gujarat 106093 Karnataka 85914 Kerala 7905 Madhya Pradesh 9206 Maharashtra 54397 Rajasthan 50058 Tamil Nadu 53749 Orissa 910

10 West Bengal * 22

11 Andaman & Nicobar 2

12 Arunachal Pradesh * 201

13 Assam * 53

14 Chhattisgarh * 23

15 Himachal Pradesh * 20

16 Jammu Kashmir * 5311

17 Lakshdweep 16

18 Manipur * 7

19 Meghalaya * 44

20 Nagaland * 3

21 Sikkim * 98

22 Uttrakhand * 161

23 Uttar Pradesh * 137

TOTAL 49130

State Wise Wind Power Potential In India

* Wind potential has yet to be validated with measurements

South India Solar Policy Update

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Requirements

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Net Metering - Costing

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1 KW 2 KW 3 KW 5 KW

System Cost in Rs

Total Price 110000 220000 330000 550000

MNRE Subsidy @ 30% 33000 66000 99000 165000

State Subsidy @ 20% 22000 44000 66000 110000

Effective Cost 55000 110000 165000 275000

2. The power consumption per day = 7.9 KWh say 8 units3. The power consumption in a month = 8 x 30 = 240 units4. The Energy charges as per the Tariff order 2013-14 is as follows:

Rs. / Kwh

0 – 50 2.65

51 -100 3.25

101 – 150 4.88

151 – 200 5.63

201 – 250 6.38

251 – 300 6.88

301 – 400 7.38

401 – 500 7.88

Above 500 8.30

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5. The Energy charges for 240 units = Rs.1074.70 ps6. If 1 KW Solar Roof Top System is installed

a) Estimated cost of system - Rs.1,10,000b) MNRE subsidy - Rs. 30,000c) State Subsidy - Rs. 20,000d) Net cost of the system - Rs. 60,000e) Expected generation per day - 4 unitsf) Expected generation per month - 120 units

7. The net energy consumed - 120 units( 240-

120)8. The Energy charges payable - Rs.392.609. Net Savings per month - Rs.682.1010. Net savings per year - Rs.8,165.20 ps11. Pay back period - 7.3 years12. Life of equipment - 25 years

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3 KW SOLAR ROOF TOP SYSTEM:

1.Considering the consumer is also utilizes the Air conditioner of 2500 Watt loadfor 4 hours a day, the total energy consumption would be 17.9 units per day andthe consumption for month would be 537 units.2. Energy charges in normal course per month - Rs.3,3173. Estimated cost of 3 KW Solar Roof Top Systems - Rs,3.00 lakhs4. MNRE subsidy (upto 1 KW) - Rs.30,0005. State subsidy (up to 3 KV) - Rs.60,0006. Net system cost - Rs.2.10 lakhs7. Expected energy per month - 360 units8. Net Energy - 177 units9. Energy charges for Net Energy - Rs.691.0010. Net savings per month - Rs.2,62611. Net savings per year - Rs.31,51212. Payback period - 6.6 years

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Note:

1. The tariff may escalate over a period of time and the payback period will come down further.

2. Savings towards electricity duty are not considered in theabove calculation (6 paise per unit)

3. There is a proposal to enhance eligible criteria for domesticsector by MNRE up to 3 KW, which allows additional subsidybenefit up to Rs.60,000 for 3 KW system

4. The net metering benefits will be more in commercial /institutions / industries due to higher prevailing tariffs,reduction in consumption of diesel and availability of 80%accelerated benefit during the first year of operation.

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SPV Grid Connected Power

• N V V N Scheme

• M N R E Program

• State Government Programes

• S E C I Programe

JNNSM Batch I Bidding Result Summary

Solar PV Solar Thermal

CERC Approved tariff for Solar PV (Normal

Depreciation)

CERC Approved tariff for Solar Thermal

(Normal Depreciation)

1791 Paise / Kwh 1531 Paise / Kwh

Max discount offered

(Paise)

Min. discount offered

(Paise)

Max discount offered

(Paise)

Min. discount offered

(Paise)

696 515 482 307

Final tariff after discount for Solar PV (Paise /

Kwh)

Final tariff after discount for Solar Thermal

(Paise / Kwh)

1095 1276 1049 1224

JNNSM Batch II Bidding Result

Summary

Batch II: Solar PV

CERC Approved tariff for Solar PV (Normal Depreciation)

1539 Paise / Kwh

Max discount offered (Paise/kWh) Min. discount offered (Paise/kWh)

790 595

Final tariff after discount for Solar PV (Paise / Kwh)

749 944

Key Learning from Phase-I

There is general consensus that Success story of Phase-I should be continued and strengthened. The lessons learnt from Phase-I of the Mission should be imbibed for further fine tuning the mission implementation. Key learning from Phase-I are as under:

• Grid connected solar PV power is now fairly established in terms of availability of required expertise for designing, construction and site preparation etc.

contd…

• Grid connected solar thermal power is still to prove its operational prowess as the Phase I projects would be commissioned by March 2013.

• In general, experienced companies are more interested in large size projects. Price reduction is possible if the tender size is big.

• Most of the projects so far have been coming up in few States, like, Rajasthan where high solar energy potential combined with cheap land and favorable State Government policies are in place. Other States need to follow and reap the benefits of solar power.

contd…

• Transmission remains a major issue.

• Some assurance regarding regular payments is very important particularly for banks / financial institutions, which have to finance these projects.

• Generation from PV projects so far has been in accordance with the estimates, and higher in many cases.

• Better system designing and construction is required to meet challenges of the local conditions.

contd…

• Solar radiation data is an important issue, especially with regard to Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) data. C-WET has brought out the data policy and data on various sites for the limited period can be obtained from C-WET.

• Provision of requirement of domestic content for setting up solar power projects was kept in the guidelines for Phase-I with a view to develop indigenous capacities and generate employment. It was noted that the production capacities for solar PV cells and modules have expanded in the country.

Objectives for promotion of Grid Connected

Solar Power during phase-II are as under:

• To achieve Grid Parity at the earliest

• To facilitate meeting of Solar RPO targets in line with Tariff Policy

• To encourage wider participation of States in NSM

• To facilitate increased connectivity & grid access for solar projects

• To encourage Solar park cluster development

• To promote technology agnostic approach

• To develop domestic technology development capability

contd…

• To Encourage large scale deployment of Grid connected rooftop solar.

• To encourage Captive and Third party sale of solar power to meet power shortages in Industry.

• To Encourage local Manufacturing and

• To support focused R&D initiatives,

• Development of REC market.

• Development of Storage Systems.

Thrust Areas for promotion of Off-grid solar

during phase-II are as under:

• Improved Energy Access for remote areas. • Heating/Cooling applications needs to be encouraged

(such as Cooling, Cold Storage, water purification, Space Heating).

• Replacement of diesel and kerosene. • Distributed Generation : (e.g. rooftop PV applications). • Industrial process heat applications. • Solar water irrigation pumping systems.

Research Infrastructure

• Establishing testing and certification facilities,

• Research and development activities,

• Setting up Technology Validation and Demonstration Projects, and

• National and International training.

• Training for Resource assessment.

• Global solar irradiance.

• Direct normal incidence (DNI) solar irradiance.

• Diffused solar irradiance.

• Wind speed and direction.

• Ambient air temperature.

• Relative humidity.

• Atmospheric pressure and

• Rainfall.

Each of the SRRA stations is equipped with state-of-art equipments / sensors for measuring solar radiation and

associated weather parameters. Configuration of these stations include monitoring of:

Monitoring Stations in different States

S. No State No of Stations

1 Andhra Pradesh 6

2 Gujarat 11

3 Haryana 1

4 Madhya Pradesh 3

5 Karnataka 5

6 Rajasthan 12

7 Chhattisgarh 1

8 Ladakh 1

9 Maharashtra 3

10 Pudducherry 1

11 Tamil Nadu 6

Total 51

Measures to assure financing of solar power projects

during next phase of implementation of the Mission:

• Raise equity of IREDA/SECI.

• Allow IREDA/Banks to raise tax-free bonds.

• Allow specific exemption for solar power projects under exposure limits of banks for power sector.

• Facilitate international lines of credit.

• Involvement of banks/ financial institutes to extend loans to retail sector.

• Thrust on micro-financing of solar products.

Human Resource Development

• Introduction of courses on solar in number of institutes, 100 institutes at various graduate level, 100 Institutes at diploma level and 1000 Institutes at ITI level.

• Provide training of 25,000 Village level technician.• Programmes like fellowship to train engineers / technologies and

scientists in Solar Energy in world class institutions abroad will be taken up. This may need to be sustained at progressively declining levels for 10 years. Institution to institution arrangements will also be developed. Fellowships will be at two levels (i) research and (ii) higher degree (M. Tech) in solar energy. MNRE is already implementing a fellowship programme in this regard, which will be expanded to include students from a larger number of academic institutions. This may be done in consultation with industry to offer employment opportunities.

contd…

• Training of energy auditors and managers for solar technologies.

• Enhancement of existing manpower in development of skilled manpower via short term courses.

• Designing specialized courses at management levels for renewable energy.

Development of Solar Parks

• The State should have declared policy for solar RPO.

• The State should have declared tariff for solar power.

• The minimum land area should be over 600 hectare.

• The minimum value of annual average GHI is greater than 5 kWh per sq.m.

• The land area should be demarcated clearly, and should have clear title.

• Availability of water should be over 20,000 liters per MW-capacity per day.

Items of work considered for support for

developing solar park:

• Detailed Project Report (DPR).

• Setting up of Transmission infrastructure.

• Civil Infrastructure development.

• Technical assistance.

• Solar radiation monitoring station.

• Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) shall be designated as 'Programme Administrator' by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy for administering the programme.

VGF Financing Plan

Under this Implementation Strategy, Central Government would provide viability-gap-funding support for setting up grid connected solar PV power projects capacity up to ____MW (to be determined, say 750 to 1000 MW) in the country under JNNSM Phase-II. The projects will be selected based on international competitive bidding for viability gap funding to make available generated solar power at a pre-fixed levelized tariff of Rs_____per unit (to be determined, say, Rs. 5 to 6 per unit) to DISCOMs. The VGF would be provided on deferred payment basis to ensure completion of project as per guidelines of the scheme.

National Clean energy Fund (NCEF)

Major Activities:

– MNRE shall determine a base tariff at which solar power would be supplied to utilities. CERC, through draft orders on determination of levellised solar tariff for 2013-14,hasspecified the benchmark rate (paisa/unit) and benchmark capital cost (per MW) for FY 2013-14 on which calculations for VGF requirement would be done by the bidders.

– Bidders can bid for a maximum VGF of 40% of benchmark rate or benchmark capital cost.

– Selection of bidders who require minimum VGF support.

– Development of VGF disbursement procedure by SECI.

Solar Grid Parity - HT Consumers

HT 33 KV Level Tariff 2012-2016Description 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

Tariff/KWh in Rs 3.25 4.37 5.30 5.30 5.62 6.15

% ge increase 0.00 34.46 21.28 0.00 6.04 9.43

Cumulative % Increase 0.00 34.46 63.08 63.08 72.92 89.23

DISCOM 33 KV :90% Tariff Increase in 5 Years

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17

Cumulative %Increase

% ge increase

Solar Thermal Technology

• Solar Water Heating Systems

• Solar Cooking systems

• Solar Drying Systems

• Solar Steam Generation System for cooking, Industrial process heating applications

Solar thermal technology

The process involves utilising heat energy from solar radiation for heating, cooking, drying applications and power generation etc.

– Solar water heating system

Flat Plate Solar Water Heating System

Vacuum Tube Solar Water

Heating System

Solar Thermal & PV Systems

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TYPES OF SOLAR COOKERS

BOX TYPE SOLAR COOKER

DISH TYPE SOLAR COOKER (SK-14)

COMMUNITY SOLAR COOKER FOR

INDOOR COOKING (SCHEFFLER)

SOLAR STEAM COOKING

–Solar cooking system

Mini Hydel Power Plants

Name of State Identified Number of Sites Total Capacity ( IN MW)

Andhra Pradesh 489 552.29

Arunachal Pradesh 566 1333.04

Goa 9 9.10

Himachal Pradesh 547 2268.41

Jammu & Kashmir 246 1411.72

Karnataka 128 643.16

Kerala 247 708.10

Maharashtra 253 762.58

Punjab 234 390.02

Rajasthan 67 63.17

Tamilnadu 176 499.31

Uttar Pradesh 220 292.16

Total 5415 14305.47

State Wise Identified Potential Small Hydro Sites Up to 25 MW Capacity

BIOMASS GASIFICATION BASED POWER PRODUCTION IN INDIA

10 MW Biomass Power Project,Gadchiroli Dist. (Maharashtra)

30 MW Bagasse Cogen project at a Sugar Mill in Maharashtra

Top Five States in India with High Biomass Energy Potential

State Total Potential Installed

Uttar Pradesh 1,746 MW 581 MW

Maharashtra 1,984 MW 289 MW

Andhra Pradesh 863 MW 363 MW

Karnataka 1,196 MW 336 MW

Tamilnadu 1,160 MW 419 MW

Training

Demonstration

Implementation of

projects at field level

Maintenance of

systems

R &D Activity

& designing

new systems

Consultancy

services viz.

surveys,

system design etc

Establishment of

Renewable Energy

Power Plants

Marketing ,

Retail sales

Outlets/

Aditya shops

Manufacturing

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN RENEWABLE ENERGY SECTOR

Ratification of climate accord to bring more focus on India’s Renewable Sector

On 2nd October 2016, India ratified the Parisclimate accord becoming the 62nd country to doso. India accounts for 4.1% of global carbonemissions. Countries with 52% of globalemissions have now ratified the agreement. WithEuropean Union, accounting for 12.1% of totalglobal emission, expected to join shortly, the 55%threshold for the agreement to come into effectwould be met and the agreement should comeinto force by November.

• India has committed to reduce emission intensityby 33% by 2030 and achieve 40% cumulativeelectric power installed capacity from non-fossilfuel based energy resources by 2030;

• As a result, the renewable sector will attract muchlarger global scrutiny as well as flow of financingand technical support from internationalinstitutions;

• Despite several sector related concerns, India’sglobal commitment to back its ambitious targetsshould further help sharpen policy agenda andattract investments in the renewable energysector;

As part of its Intended Nationally DeterminedContributions (INDCs), India has committed to areduction in carbon emission intensity of its GDP by33% to 35% by 2030 from 2005 levels. Morepertinently for the power sector, India hascommitted that at least 40% of its installed powergeneration capacity will be non-fossil fuel based by2030 The current number is 30%, if hydro andnuclear power are included. A big share of thecommitment will be achieved, if India meets its 175GW of renewable power capacity target by 2022.The big imponderable here is India’s insistence thatit will achieve the targets only if developedcountries give it money and discounts on newtechnology.

India has already become a leading globalmarket for renewables. Ratification of climateaccord would attract a much larger globalscrutiny on the country’s ability to achieveyearly renewable targets and compliance withpolicies such as Renewable Purchase Obligation(RPO). We also expect significant increase infinancing commitments from internationalagencies such as the World bank, InternationalFinancing Corporation (IFC), Asian DevelopmentBank (ADB), Overseas Private InvestmentCorporation (OPIC), U.S. Export-Import (EXIM)Bank, European Investment Bank (EIB) and theJapan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC).

India’s renewable targets are ambitious anddelivery on ground in terms of new deploymenthas gathered considerable pace. The ambitioustargets are now further backed by India’s globalcommitment under a formal multinationalagreement. Despite several key concerns thatremain, this should help focus governmentpolicies for the sector, attract domestic andinternational capital into the sector and assuregrowth for all stakeholders.

Effect of Climate Change

• Recent observation Schools in New Delhi are closed due to pollution levels reaching beyond the levels of sustaining life.

• Melting of ice at poles resulting in raise of Sea levels.

• 1 degree raise global temperature will inundate majority of Fertile Coastal areas.

• If the situation contuse further there is great threat for life on this Earth

“EARTH, WATER, AIR ARE NOT GIFT FROM OUR

FOREFATHERS, BUT IT IS LOAN FROM OUR

CHILDREN”

Environmental Impact