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www.earthcon.com© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Groundwater Plume Analytics for
Assessing Remediation
Effectiveness
Joe A. Ricker, P.E.
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modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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EarthCon Plume
Analytics
Analytics is the discovery and communication of
meaningful patterns in data. Especially valuable in areas
rich with recorded information, analytics relies on the
simultaneous application of statistics, computer
programming and operations research to quantify
performance. Analytics often favors data visualization to
communicate insight.
- From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Presentation Overview
• Groundwater Plume Analytics
• Ricker Method® Plume Stability Analysis
• Spatial Change Analysis
• Molar Data Analysis for Chlorinated Organics
• Well Sufficiency Analysis
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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Groundwater Plume AnalyticsRicker Method® Plume Stability Analysis
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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EarthCon Plume
Analytics
Ricker Method® Plume Stability Analysis
• Methodology published in Groundwater Monitoring &
Remediation 28, no. 4/ Fall 2008/pages 85–94
• Efficiently assimilates large volumes of historical data
into a concise and meaningful analysis
• Empirical evaluation of plume stability metrics
• Area
• Average concentration
• Mass
• Center of mass
• Plume spread of mass
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
www.earthcon.com© EarthCon 2016
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
www.earthcon.com© EarthCon 2016
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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Capping of North PondRemediation of South
Pond CompleteSeasonal Operation of
Recovery Wells InitiatedSystem Shutdown
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
1984 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016
Re
lati
ve C
han
ge (
m)
Phenol Center of Mass Movement (Upper Sand Unit)
Capping of North Pond Remediation of South Pond Complete
Seasonal Operation of Recovery Wells Initiated
System Shutdown
R² = 0.28
R² = 0.02
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1984 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016
Spre
ad (
m)
Phenol Spread Trends (Upper Sand Unit)
Longitudinal Spread Transverse Spread
Decreasing Trend99% Confidence
Stable/No Trend
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Groundwater Plume AnalyticsSpatial Difference Analysis
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
www.earthcon.com© EarthCon 2016
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
www.earthcon.com© EarthCon 2016
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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Groundwater Plume AnalyticsMolar Data Analysis for Chlorinated Organics
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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Theoretical Trends (Molar Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
Theoretical Trends (Mass Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
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PCE TCE DCEVinyl
Chloride Ethylene
165.83 131.40 96.95 62.50 28.05
}{One PCE Burger Four Patties
One TCE Burger
Weighs more than
{ } Three Patties
Analyzing by moles is like counting the number of individual burgers.
Analyzing by mass is like counting the overall weight of the burgers.
Chlorine Carbon Hydrogen
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20 Burgers 20 Burgers
5 Burgers 5 Burgers
5 Burgers 5 Burgers
Example 2: 100% PCE degrades to: 25% PCE; 25% TCE; 25% DCE; 25% VC
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.83 kg PCE 5 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.66 kg TCE 5 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.48 kg DCE 5 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.31 kg VC 5 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 2.28 kg 20 mol
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
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20 Burgers 20 Burgers
5 Burgers 5 Burgers
5 Burgers 5 Burgers
Example 2: 100% PCE degrades to: 25% PCE; 25% TCE; 25% DCE; 25% VC
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.83 kg PCE 5 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.66 kg TCE 5 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.48 kg DCE 5 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.31 kg VC 5 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 2.28 kg 20 mol
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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20 Burgers 20 Burgers
5 Burgers 5 Burgers
5 Burgers 5 Burgers
Example 2: 100% PCE degrades to: 25% PCE; 25% TCE; 25% DCE; 25% VC
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.83 kg PCE 5 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.66 kg TCE 5 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.48 kg DCE 5 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.31 kg VC 5 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 2.28 kg 20 mol
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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Theoretical Trends (Molar Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
Theoretical Trends (Mass Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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20 Burgers 18 Burgers
4 Burgers 4 Burgers
4 Burgers 6 Burgers
Example 3: 100% PCE degrades to 20% PCE; 20% TCE; 20% DCE; 30% VC
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.66 kg PCE 4 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.53 kg TCE 4 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.39 kg DCE 4 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.37 kg VC 6 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 1.95 kg 18 mol
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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20 Burgers 18 Burgers
4 Burgers 4 Burgers
4 Burgers 6 Burgers
Example 3: 100% PCE degrades to 20% PCE; 20% TCE; 20% DCE; 30% VC
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.66 kg PCE 4 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.53 kg TCE 4 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.39 kg DCE 4 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.37 kg VC 6 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 1.95 kg 18 mol
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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20 Burgers 18 Burgers
4 Burgers 4 Burgers
4 Burgers 6 Burgers
Example 3: 100% PCE degrades to 20% PCE; 20% TCE; 20% DCE; 30% VC
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.66 kg PCE 4 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.53 kg TCE 4 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.39 kg DCE 4 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.37 kg VC 6 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 1.95 kg 18 mol
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Environmental ChallengesBUSINESS SOLUTIONS ®
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Theoretical Trends (Molar Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
Theoretical Trends (Mass Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
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20 Burgers 26 Burgers
4 Burgers 6 Burgers
8 Burgers 8 Burgers
Example 4: Degradation with evidence of additional sourcing
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.66 kg PCE 4 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.79 kg TCE 6 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.77 kg DCE 8 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.50 kg VC 8 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 2.72 kg 26 mol
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20 Burgers 26 Burgers
4 Burgers 6 Burgers
8 Burgers 8 Burgers
Example 4: Degradation with evidence of additional sourcing
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.66 kg PCE 4 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.79 kg TCE 6 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.77 kg DCE 8 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.50 kg VC 8 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 2.72 kg 26 mol
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20 Burgers 26 Burgers
4 Burgers 6 Burgers
8 Burgers 8 Burgers
Example 4: Degradation with evidence of additional sourcing
Original Concentration Final Concentration
3.32 kg PCE 20 mol 0.66 kg PCE 4 mol
0.00 kg TCE 0 mol 0.79 kg TCE 6 mol
0.00 kg DCE 0 mol 0.77 kg DCE 8 mol
0.00 kg VC 0 mol 0.50 kg VC 8 mol
3.32 kg 20 mol 2.72 kg 26 mol
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
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Theoretical Trends (Molar Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
Theoretical Trends (Mass Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
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Theoretical Trends (Molar Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
Theoretical Trends (Mass Basis)
Sum
PCE
TCE
DCE
VC
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modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
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Molar Trends: Plume A
This analysis requires fixed data points
within a fixed area for the purposes of
assessing relative changes of area,
average concentration, and mass
indicator over time. Therefore, any
created isopleth maps are not intended
to be a depiction or model of the actual
plume but rather is meant to show
conceptual behavior of the
aforementioned metrics over time.
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Molar Trends: Plume C
This analysis requires fixed data points
within a fixed area for the purposes of
assessing relative changes of area,
average concentration, and mass
indicator over time. Therefore, any
created isopleth maps are not intended
to be a depiction or model of the actual
plume but rather is meant to show
conceptual behavior of the
aforementioned metrics over time.
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modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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Molar Trends: Plume B
This analysis requires fixed data points
within a fixed area for the purposes of
assessing relative changes of area,
average concentration, and mass
indicator over time. Therefore, any
created isopleth maps are not intended
to be a depiction or model of the actual
plume but rather is meant to show
conceptual behavior of the
aforementioned metrics over time.
© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
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Groundwater Plume AnalyticsWell Sufficiency Analysis
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Reduced Network 1
MW01W
MW04
MW05
MW27
MW60
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Reduced Network 1
MW01W
MW04
MW05
MW27
MW60
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
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Reduced Network 2
MW01W
MW04
MW05
MW27
MW60
MW03R
MW41
MW43
MW45
MW47
MW49
MW62
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Reduced Network 2
MW01W
MW04
MW05
MW27
MW60
MW03R
MW41
MW43
MW45
MW47
MW49
MW62
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modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
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© 2016 EarthCon Consultants, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed,
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Trend via Mann-
Kendall
Trend via Linear
Regression
Relative Percent
Difference
Correlation
Coefficient
Very Strong Same Same <10% ≥0.9
Strong Same Same <20% ≥0.8
Marginal
Increasing/Stable
or
Decreasing/Stable
Increasing/Stable
or
Decreasing/Stable
<30% ≥0.7
Poor Increasing/Decreasing Increasing/Decreasing >30% <0.7
Ricker Method® Well Sufficiency Argument
Comparison of Original Network to Reduced Network
Primary Line of Evidence Secondary Line of EvidenceStrength of Argument
Well Sufficiency Analysis Argument
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Well Sufficiency Analysis Results
• Optimized Program
• Cr+6: 42 wells
• Other metals: 42 wells
• VOCs: 37 wells
• Every 3rd qtr monitoring
• Annual reporting
• Annual Cost: $29,190
• Original Program
• Cr+6: 76 wells
• Other metals: 84 wells
• VOCs: 84 wells
• Quarterly monitoring
• Quarterly reporting
• Annual Cost: $144,748
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Thank you for the opportunity to present
this information to you!
Joe A. Ricker, P.E.
(901) 337-1010
EarthCon Consultants, Inc.
8700 Trail Lake Drive West
Suite 101
Memphis, Tennessee 38125
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