Upload
chi-nguyen
View
219
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
1/14
VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY
INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
FINAL REPORT
Encouraging public transportationin Vietnam
Lecturer: Dr. Nguyn Hng LinhGROUP 8:
1. Nguyn Th Qunh Chi BAIU092002. Chung Phng nh ITIU080013. Trn Phc Lc ITIU080194. Hunh Ngc Kiu My BAIU094725. V Hong Nguyn EEIU080226. Nguyn c Quc Thi ITIU08033
Academic 2010 2011
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
2/14
Critical thinking
2
OUTLINE
I. Introduction
A. Definition of Public Transportation.
B. Current state of Public Transportation in Viet Nam and barriers in
walking, biking or mass transit.
II. Argument about problem of using Publish
transportation in Viet Nam
A. Reasons why citizens of major cities in VN are being encouraged to
use Public Transportation?
B. Benefits of using Public Transportation.
C. The way to encourage people use Public Transportation.
III. Conclusion
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
3/14
Critical thinking
3
Content
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Definition of Public Transportation
Public Transportation (mass transit) is a system whose participants do not use
private means of transport. Transportation systems, usually publicly but
sometimes privately owned and operated, designed to move large numbers of
people in various types of vehicles in cities, suburbs, and large metropolitan
areas.
B. Current state of Public Transportation in Viet Nam and barriers in
walking, biking or mass transit According to "The Master Plan of Urban Transport for Hanoi City in Viet Nam"
prepared by JICA in 1997, the number of daily trips made by public transportation
will increase from 124 thousand trips, or 3.6% of the total trips in 1995, to 963
thousand trips, or 9.5% of the total trips in 2015. The number of buses required
will reach approximately 3,000 in 2010 and 4,000 in 2020, while the figure at
present is less than one hundred. The bus is served only 7% of the total trips as
an interim target in 2009.
Berries
o Walking: Almost of the pavement is too narrow for passengers to walk on
because of the encroachment of some shops and constructions (Figure 1).
Besides, pedestrians, especially tourist, are often disturbed by beggar.
Figure 1
http://media.tinmoi.vn/2009/04/24/images1770464_1.jpghttp://media.tinmoi.vn/2009/04/24/images1770464_1.jpg7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
4/14
Critical thinking
4
o Biking: The quality of some roads are not good because of pot-hole
(Figure 2), and the density of motorcycle are extremely high (Figure 3). Ho
Chi Minh City has much wider area thus the percentage of road space at
present is lower than Hanoi. But in the center of Ho Chi Minh City has
spacious grid roads.
Figure 2
Figure 3
o Mass Transit: Bus is a typical type of Public Transportation in Ha Noi and
Ho Chi Minh City. Nowadays, bus system is popular and widen all over the
city (Figure 4). However, staffs of some buses do not have a good attitudein dealing with passenger. Besides, many bus stops are not arranged
rationally, so it is not convenient for passenger to travel by bus.
http://images.vietnamnet.vn/dataimages/200911/original/images1877399_4.jpghttp://images.vietnamnet.vn/dataimages/200911/original/images1877399_4.jpghttp://images.vietnamnet.vn/dataimages/200911/original/images1877399_4.jpg7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
5/14
Critical thinking
5
Figure 4
II. Argument about problem of using Publish transportation in Viet
Nam
A. Reasons why citizens of major cities in Viet Nam are being
encouraged to use Public Transportation
Ho Chi Minh City has about 2600 buses, 3579 taxi cars and approximately 4
million motorcycles. In Figure 6 show that motorcycle holds 79% requirements of
the citizens movement. On the other hands, Public Transportation only holds
3%, this figure prove that citizen have used private means of transport too much
due to the convenience of using motorcycle in daily life. It is the main reason
result to the issue of traffic jam, pollution, etc
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
6/14
Critical thinking
6
Figure 5
B. Benefits of using Public Transportation.
People who live in rural or suburban areas often have the option of public
transportation, at least for the daily commute to work. There are manyadvantages to using public transportation. Because many citizens in Vietnam are
passengers on any public vehicle at least once, those benefits are probably
recognized by individuals, such as lower travelling costs, convenience and
environmental positive effects.
Reducing cost is what most people concern while making choices, and travelling
costs are typical enough. If you compare the cost of gas, parking and auto
maintenance to the cost of a bus or train pass, youll find that a monthly
commuting pass is far more economical. If you live in an urban area and use the
bus or train as your primary transportation source, you save even more on car
payments, insurance and repairs. Some people hold that public transport acts to
"provide a social service for the poor passengers are in fact overwhelmingly
middle-class". This is probably due to the massive benefits of making daily
3%
79%
18% Public
Motor
Other
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
7/14
Critical thinking
7
commutes in pooled transport, therefore meaning many businessmen and
workers use it. On the other hand, reduced time spent on maintenance of
personal vehicles should be added up, too.
Convenience is the next advantage: most trains and buses run on a set
schedule that you can set your commuting time around. No more roaming around
looking for parking or sitting in traffic. Some say that buses and trains take longer
than driving, but if you consider that driving is lost time that you can better
spend reading or relaxing while leaving the driving to someone else, you come
out way ahead time wise. One objection to riding public transport may be that a
person has children to transport. Many find it easier to look after a bunch of kids
while seated on a train or bus than constantly trying to keep an eye on whats
going on in the back seat while trying to drive, without having to parking spaces
at your destination.
About advantages for environment, consider how many large suburban vehicles
and trucks you see inhabited by one or two people. Everyone who is taking his or
her own vehicle is causing some individual pollution, and the earth does not need
any extra of that. And many public transportations systems like trains or cable
cars do not cause the same energy waste. Public transportations can lead to
reduced damage to the environment. One bus emits far fewer fumes than twenty
cars (especially if it uses LPG fuel). Train emissions of CO2 "per passenger/Km
are, on average, approximately half that of travel by car". The cost to the
environment is something that affects everyone. Economic concerns dictate that
for future prosperity we must invest now, in a greener future. An initial cost will
prevent massive costs later. Combining that with the freight savings of rail, it
makes sense for governments and citizens to support the rail system. Using
trains, expresses and buses also mean that less loss of fuel and energy to hugeamount of cars and motorbikes. By reducing fuel usage, we are making our
country more independent of the major oil-supplying countries that sometimes
disrupt our lives by restricting oil. If oil consumption dropped, then it will be less
effective to use oil supply as a political weapon. Another secure reason is that
bus uses and trains are safer than cars. In fact, you are 9 times more likely to die
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
8/14
Critical thinking
8
travelling by car than by rail. Furthermore, problems of crowding and traffic jams
in rush hours can also be solved, because 50 cars or motorbikes must cost more
spaces compared to a bus.
Fares in Ho Chi Minh City are set on a route by route basis. The fare for non-air
conditioned buses varies from 150 to 200 VND/km, while from 200 to 300 VND
for air-conditioned buses. Since there is no significant difference between bus
and motorcycle in the unit cost, a cost for 10km travel by bus is lower than the
motorcycle at 400 VND, which is not attractive enough for people in Ho Chi Minh
City to use buss in terms of cost savings (Figure 6).
Figure 6: Bus Fare and Motorcycle Cost
C. The way to encourage people use Public Transportation.
Improving bus net suitable with developing of city like upgrading the traffics
infrastructure, developing other kind of Public Transportation as tram, subway,
and so on. Besides, we have to manufacture many styles of bus to suit with
roads in city, meet the demand to passenger, save the energy and reducing
pollution.
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
9/14
Critical thinking
9
Public Administrate and Control Transportation Center of Ho Chi Minh City
should manage cooperatives tightly and often inspect the quality of their buss
service, try to upgrade the administrator and control system more efficient and
modern in the future.
Enhance the quality of bus service. For instance, remind the attitude of staff in
dealing with passenger, have a good maintenance for the bus, increase the route
of bus to avoid the crowded state in rush hours (Figure 7), etc.
Figure 7
Develop other kinds of Public Transportation which was used popularly in many
developed country like subway, trunk bus. For instances, the trunk bus system
has railway-like characteristics and offers a frequent service in a certain fixed
route. An example of the trunk bus system employed in Nagoya, Japan is shown
in Figure 9. Buses run through exclusive lanes in the mirth of the roadway, which
are separated from the lanes for other vehicles. Since buses run the dedicated
space, conflicts between buses and access traffics to building alongside the
streets are avoidable. Buses stop for passengers embarkation and
disembarkation at designated bus stops and bus terminals. Interval of bus stops
is around 1.0 km to 1.5 km, which is longer than usual for conventional
operations.
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
10/14
Critical thinking
10
Figure 9: Example of Trunk Bus system
If public administrate and control transportation center manage cooperatives
tightly and often inspect the quality of bus then the quality of bus service will be
enhance. If enhance the quality of bus service then the citizens will go out by
bus. So, if public administrate and control transportation center manage
cooperatives tightly and often inspect the quality of bus then the citizens will go
out by bus.
o A is public administrate and control transportation center manage
cooperatives tightly and often inspect the quality of bus.
o B is quality of bus service will be enhance.
o C is the citizens will go out by bus.
We can symbolize this argument form in the following way:
If A then B
If B then C
So, if A then C
Now lets set up the truth table:
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
11/14
Critical thinking
11
A B C (AB)* (BC)* (AC)C
T T T T T TT T F T F FT F T F T T
T F F F T FF T T T T TF T F T F TF F T T T TF F F T T T
So, this argument is valid
III. Conclusion
Viet Nams public transportation systems are a vital part of everyday life, incommunities large and small. They provide services that are the backbone to
business and economic centers, allow greater access to schools and doctors,
and connect neighbors to each other.
Making a smart investment in more and better public transportation will preserve
the integrity of the transportation systems we have now, and will create economic
and social opportunities.
Public transportation plays a significant role in finding solutions to the numerous
challenges facing Viet Nam today. Whether it's more jobs, a cleaner
environment, energy independence or a better quality of life.
To conclude about the use in major cities of public transportation means (mainly
buses), there are three arguments can be raised:
Argument 1:
1) Biking and walking take long time and efforts, can be used in limited
distances and depend on the weather.2) Travel by motorbikes and automobiles encounter with many problems
such as high rate of accident, high expenses, parking space and air
pollution.
3) Meanwhile, travel by buses has low expenses, high safety, long distance,
not depend on the weather and reduce air pollution.
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
12/14
Critical thinking
12
4) Therefore, among transportation means in major cities, buses may appear
to have lager advantages as well as overcome problems of other means.
Argument 2:
1) Vietnam government is investing more to improve bus line system in
whole city and the quality of the services.
2) The authority and citizens are cooperating to make a better bus system
and encourage the use of it by broad and strong campaigns as well as a
good information network.
3) So, the bus system in major cities will probably be better, more developed
and popular in next short time.
1 2
4
3
1 2
3
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
13/14
Critical thinking
13
Argument 3:
1) We - the citizens of this city should together with the country encouragethe use of public transportation in big cities, due to following reasons:
2) Buses, as representative to the public transportation means, has many
advantages and benefits that surpass other transportation means in major
cities of Vietnam.
3) Bus system is supported and developed strongly by many forces and
sides to overcome its shortcomings and be more and more popular in
future.
2 3
1
7/31/2019 Group 8 Report
14/14
Critical thinking
14
REFERENCESB. Cudahy. Cash, Tokens and Transfers: A History of Urban
Mass Transit(1991)
R. Fogelson. Fragmented Metropolis(1967)
S. Fischler. Moving Millions(1979)
SaiGonGiaiPhong News online. Retrieved January 1, 2012
fromhttp://www.sggp.org.vn/
TuoiTre News online. Retrieved January 1, 2012
fromhttp://www.tuoitre.com.vn/Tianyon
Urban Public Transportation in Viet Nam(December, 1999), JapanBank for International Cooperation (JBIC)
Vietbao online, Retrieved January 1, 2012
fromhttp://vietbao.vn/Xa-hoi
Wikipedia, Retrieved January 1, 2012
fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport
http://www.sggp.org.vn/http://www.sggp.org.vn/http://www.sggp.org.vn/http://www.tuoitre.com.vn/Tianyonhttp://www.tuoitre.com.vn/Tianyonhttp://www.tuoitre.com.vn/Tianyonhttp://vietbao.vn/Xa-hoihttp://vietbao.vn/Xa-hoihttp://vietbao.vn/Xa-hoihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporthttp://vietbao.vn/Xa-hoihttp://www.tuoitre.com.vn/Tianyonhttp://www.sggp.org.vn/