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GSSG - GIGGeospatial Information Group
Standardizing Antarctica – a challenge for the SCAR Geospatial Information Group
Steffen Vogt (IPG University Freiburg / Germany)
Henk Brolsma, Ursula Ryan, Lee Belbin (AADC Australian Antarctic Division)
Australian Antarctic Data CentreAustralian Antarctic Division
GIG
Outline
Introducing ourselves:
Who are we?What are we doing?
Implementing ISO TC211 work- an application-oriented view
Example 1: feature catalogueing – SCAR Feature CatalogueExample 2: metadata – SCAR KGIS Project
GIG
SCAR GIG: Who are we?
Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) is an inter-disciplinary committee of the International Council for Science (ICSU).
SCAR is charged with the initiation, promotion and coordination of scientific research in Antarctica.
SCAR also provides scientific advice to the Antarctic Treaty System(e.g. on environmental protection issues)
GIG stands for Geospatial Information Group
GIG
What are we doing?
from mapping an unknown continent to modern GI technology framework
promulgation of cartographic standards for Antarctica since 1961
currently the endeavour in the GI programme is to provide
a spatial data infrastructure for Antarctica to support all scientific disciplines (policies and products)
PhysicalSciences
LifeSciences
Geosciences JCADM
GIG
GIG
What are we doing?
GIG Terms of Reference:
To make fundamental reference data (geographic, geodetic, geophysical) available to the Antarctic and global user communities to meet scientific research requirements
Contribute to global geodesy for the study of the physical processes of the earth and the maintenance of the precise terrestrial reference frame
To integrate and coordinate Antarctic mapping and GIS programs
Provide a common geographic reference system for all Antarctic scientists and operators as the basis for sound data management
To establish and maintain strong links with all Antarctic science research groups and Antarctic data management groups
GIG
The Challenge
research, logistics, politics, economic interest, SAR
political / administrative issues still an comparably unknown and inaccessible continent dynamic environment
our information community, the Antartcic Community, in fact is many communities:
data producers from a broad range of agencies and institutions in many nations
data custodians in a broad range of agencies and institutions(from large, powerful data centres to individual scientists)
data users from a broad range of application fields (science, management, tourism, ...)
GIG
What are we doing?
Current GI activities
Antarctic Digital Database Place Names (SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica) Map Catalogue
National On-line Atlases Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica
East Antarctica GIS King George Island GIS
SCAR Spatial Data Standards- ISO TC211 standards
GIG
What are we doing?
Example: Antarctic Digital Database
topographic databasefor entire Antarctica
1: 1 Mio / 5 Mio / 10 Mio
http://www.nbs.ac.uk/ public/magic/add_main.html
British Antarctic Survey
GIG
What are we doing?
Example: SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica (CGA)
geographic names in Antarctica (>17000 entries)
searchable on-line database
downloadable GIS dataset /data file
http://www.pnra.it/SCAR_GAZE
GIG
What are we doing?
Example: SCAR Map Catalogue
searchable catalogueof Antarctic maps
up-to-date online version
AAD-AADC
http://www-aadc.aad.gov.au/ mapping/scarmaps.asp
GIG
What are we doing?
Example: SCAR King George Island GIS (KGIS)
multi-national database forenvironmental applications
King George Island 1:100 000 / 10 000
http://www.geographie.uni-freiburg.de/ forschung/ap3/kgis/
GIG GI Workshops Outreach
AntGIS 20032nd International Antarctic GIS WorkshopFreiburg, April 7-11
http://www.geoscience.scar.org/geog/geog.htm
What are we doing?
GIG
Why do we need to standardize Antarctica?
The Vision:
establish a distributed SCAR data and processing network for geospatial data
Example: spatially enabled RiSCC Biodiversity database
80% of all data have a spatial component
RiSCC project homepage http://www.riscc.aq
RiSCC biodiversity homepage http://www-aadc.aad.gov.au/biodiversity/
GIG
RiSCC Biodiversity Database
Potter Peninsula
GIG observation data, taxonomy, gazetteer, map catalogue bundled into one
framework at AAD-AADC
RiSCC Biodiversity Database
ObservationsTaxonomy Maps Gazetteer
Interface Interface
AAD-AADC
GIG products
GIG
Component Model
Applications
Organisationsand People
FeatureType
Catalog
Species Taxonomy
DataRepository
DataRepository
MapCatalog
MetadataCatalog
ServicesCatalog
Applications
Applications- Data Retrieval- Data Mining- Data Visualization
Symbology
Ontologies
Catalogs and Services
...
...
technical interoperability?technical interoperability?
semantic interoperability?semantic interoperability?
feasible?feasible?
GIG
Standards and Specifications
open, non-proprietary, well-established technology
maturing of standards and specifications(SCAR GIG Liaision Member of ISO TC211)
GIG
Standards and Specifications
Example 1: SCAR Feature Catalogue build on 19110
Example 2: SCAR KGIS Project - A Testbed for 19115 Towards a Metadata Community Profile?
GIG
SCAR Feature Catalogue
should provide common semantics
shoud be applicable to any scale of spatial information
should be applicable to any GIS package
should enable exchange of spatial information across disciplines / agencies / nations / cultures
GIG
SCAR Feature Catalogue
Part of SCAR Spatial Data Model project (under co-ordination of AAD)
Goal:“To provide a SCAR standard spatial data model for use in SCAR and national GIS databases”
ISO 19110 compliant Under construction!
living document (http://www.antdiv.gov.au/default.asp?casid=6259; [email protected])
GIG
SCAR Feature Catalogue
Part of SCAR Spatial Data Model project (under co-ordination of AAD)
Goal:“To provide a SCAR standard spatial data model for use in SCAR and national GIS databases”http://www.geoscience.scar.org/geog/geog.htm#stds
ISO 19110 compliant
living document (http://www.antdiv.gov.au/default.asp?casid=6259; [email protected])
GIG
SCAR Feature Catalogue and 19110
in terms of implementation seems to provide a flexible enough framework
in terms of acceptance the ‘ ISO branding’ might become very helpful
GIG
The SCAR KGIS Project
GIG
King George Island
GIG
King George Island
SSSI No . 8
SSSI No . 13SSSI No . 33
SSSI No . 5
ASM A
SSSI No . 34
GIG
King George Island
several nations operate permanent bases important hub to Antarctic Peninsula focal point of scientific activities shipborne / airborne tourism protected areas
complex context but apparent need for co-ordinated management
(SCAR recommendations Tokyo 2000)
GIG
Goal of the KGIS project
To produce an integrated geographic database for use by all countries
for use in multi-disciplinary applications:
planning and coordination of activities environmental impact assessments scientific database management plans (SSSIs, ASMA)
GIG
communication&
outreach
Workflow
final products
Integration&
meta datageneration
raw data
standards
web inter-face
GIG
Data Input data was provided by
- FH Karlsruhe, Germany- IAA Buenos Aires, Argentina- IAAG Muenchen, Germany- IGIK Warszawa, Poland- INACH/IGM Santiago, Chile- IPG Freiburg, Germany- KORDI Seoul, South Korea- LaPAG/UFRGS Porto Alegre, Brazil- SGM/IAU Montevideo, Uruguay- ...
GIG
Data Integration
GIG
Data Integration
GIG ca. 800 named features on KGI in SCAR Gazetteer ca. 300 named by more than one country
SCAR Gazetteer and KGIS
GIG
2.5 km
implications on management, SAR, etc.
SCAR Gazetteer and KGIS
Source: Management Plan SSSI 8
Tower, The Tower, The
Torre La, pico
La Tour, cerro
GIG
Metadata whithin KGIS database comes typically sparse & incomplete
SCAR adopted standard is DIF (Antarctic Master Directoy is part of Global Change Master Directory)
some institutions have strict standards some institutions have no standards at all most important source for metadata typically
is personal communication with data producers
we started to construct comprehensive metadata records based on 19115 these are provided as XML, HTML and text files to the users
positive feedback if tools to easily access the information are at hand growing acknowledgement of the importance of metadata
GIG
Antarctic Metadata and ISO 19115
an ISO 19115 compliant community profile appears to be very helpful in integrating exisiting metadata / metadata standards
tools for user oriented metadata presentation help in raising awareness of the fact that metadata actually is part of the data
this might help to stimulate the production of metadata records useable for a distributed data and processing environment
GIG
Conclusionsfrom our application-oriented point of view
users / producers slowly start to realize how they benefit from and why they should adhere to standards
looking at the implementation of some ISO TC211 based standards:
technically: works, but of course the devil’s in the details ...
application-oriented: break the communication barrier!
GIG
SCAR Geospatial Information Group
Mr. A. Paul R. CooperBritish Antarctic SurveyLiaison Officer from SCAR to TC211
Mr. Larry HothemUnited States Geological SurveyLiaison Officer from TC211 to SCAR
Mr. Steffen VogtIPG University Freiburg, Germany
http://www.geoscience.scar.org/
