Exploring Archetypes of Spatial Schema through Spatial Experiences Involving Embodiment

Application of KJ method in Organizing "Photo-Diaries"

, , , , Kenichi Shinozaki, Haruyuki Fujii, Nanako Kataoka, Eri Kato, Hayato Fukuda

, ,

College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Tokyo Institute of Technology Graduate School of Engineering shinozaki.kenichi@nihon-u.ac.jp, fujii.h.aa@m.titech.ac.jp

Abstract

The objective of this study is to construct a model of the archetypes of spatial schema that work as frames by which one understand the one’s experience of environment. The authors are trying to find the spatial schema as follows; 0) to experience a certain environment in a real field, 1) to make a collection of diaries with pictures expressing one’s experience of environment, 2) to find a structure organizing the collection by KJ method, 3) to interpret the titles made during KJ method in terms of spatial relations, and 4) to illustrate the interpretation by visual diagram. This paper shows an example of the above-mentioned process performed in Harie village in Shiga prefecture as a real field and the findings. Three kind of spatial schema, which are metaphorically named as “spiral”, “overlap of domains”, and “stationary waves = electron model”, are found through experience in Harie. Keywords ― Spatial Schema( ), Embodiment( ), Experience ( ), "Photo-Diaries"( ), KJ method (KJ )

1., ,

, (schema)

(Neisser, 1976) Lakoff (1987, 1988) ,

, ,

, , ,

,

, .

(spatial schema)

. , ( )

. ,

(prototype) ,

, , , ( ;) ,

, ,

. , ,

, ,

. 1) ( , 2015) 32

OS.

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1020

, ,

,

(Lynch, 1960) , ,

( , 1989) ,

,

, ,

( , 2009) ,

,

(, 2014) ,

.

2. , ( , ,

)

, , ,

. , (2.1), (2.2),

(2.3), (2.4)(3.1),

(3.2). (4.1, 4.2) ,

. 2.1.

, ,

, , , , ,

, ,

.

, ,

( )

9 ( , )

, 2014 3 10 12 , ( )

, ,

. ,

( )

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1021

2.2.

.

. ()

.

,

( ),

( ),

( ), ,

, ,

.

,

KJ ( ,

2013) ,

, ,

,

,

,

,

7 , , 63 ( 1

) .7

, , , , , ,

, , 2

.

A9 - B9 - C1 - D2

2.3.

KJ

KJ ,

,

KJ

. KJ

.

( , , , )

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1022

,

,

,

KJ

,

, ,

,

2.2. ,

6

A(A1 A31) , A

B(B1

B14), C(C1 C7),

D(D01 D04) , D01

D04 2.4.

2.4.1.

, ,

. ,

( , 1967). ,

, ( ),

. ,

, , (

)

. .

2.4.2.

, 20

, 5 A

(A⁺32, A⁺33, A⁺34, A⁺35, A⁺36) .

B B

(B⁺15) ,

B

. B⁺15 C ,

C

, , C

. 2.3.

,

. 3

, 4

.

3(

)

,

(3.1.) , D

(3.2.).

, ,

.

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1023

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1024

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1025

3.1.

,

3 (T1, T2, T3)

. T1:

.

T2:

.

,

T3:

. ,

,

,

(A11) , (A11) ,

(A09) , (A20) , (A06) ,

(A06) , (A22) , (A12) ,

(A12) ,

(T1, T2, T3) ,

3 (S1, S2, S3) S1:

S2: S1

S3: S2

,

(A02)

S1 ,

, ,

,

, ,

(A09) S2

, ( )

,

,

(D01) S3 ,

S1 S3

S1 S2

S1 S3

.

S2 S3

– S2 S1 , S3

S2 –

3.2.

D

D01 D03 ( )

. ,

,

D01 , ,

,

.(C05)

,

, ,

.(C03)

.

, , ,

,

, .( 5a)

D02 ,

, ,

,

,

.(C01)

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1026

,

,

, (

)(C02)

, , , ,

(C07=B04 )

.

.

,

,

.

,

,

. ( 5b)

D03 ,

(

,

, )(B03)

, , ,

, ,

(B05)

, D03

,

.

,

.

.

,

.

. ( 5c)

,

( ) (

)

,

.

,

KJ

,

. ,

,

基本型

身体

領域

D01 D02 D03

空間 2

空間 3

行為 2

行為 3意識 2

意識 3

意識

空間行為

溶け込む

人工物

自然のリズム

法則

緊密な関係

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1027

4.

,

,

(4.1.). ,

(4.2.).

, , ,

, A :

. A :

, 2

. A

,

, A

.

4.1.

, A

119, A 85 .

, 3 .

( ) 851 , A

0.140, A

0.100, 0.240 .

1 . A

. A

27 0.174 ,

14

0.114 .

.

.

4.2.

.

4.1.

3.2.

3 (D01 D03)

. (

)[A] , D

. D04

D01 D03

. , D01, D02, D03, D04

7, 28, 3, 2 40 .

, 4.1.

,

4 (V1, V2, V3, V4)

. V1: , V2:

( ), V3:

, V4: ( )

V1 V4 , V1:

(k/t_1), V2: (s/k_1), V3: (m/t_1),

V4: (m/t_2) .

, V1 V4(

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1028

… (s/k_5))

V4 .(f/hr_3

, s/k_5 , s/k_7 )

. (V1 V4) (D01

D03) D04 2 . .

, V1 V4

, (V1, V2

) (V3, V4 )

.

,

. (D01 D03)

D04 3 . , ,

, .

D02 (V1, V2)

(V3, V4)

. D02

. D01

(V3, V4)

(V1, V2) . D01

, D02

.

D03

. D04

. D03, D04 D01, D02

.

D04

D04 (V1, V2

) .

3.2. , D02

, D01

. , 4.1.

,

. 5

,

,

[1] , (2014),

, 11013, DVD. [2] , (1967) ,

, pp.111-114. [3] Lynch, K. (1960), Harvard University Press and the

M.I.T Press ( (1968), , )

[4] Lakoff, G. (1987) Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things , University of Chicago Press.

[5] Lakoff, G. (1988) Cognitive Semantics , In Umberto Eco (ed.), Meaning and Mental Representation, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

[6] (2009),

[7] , , , ,

, (2015) (

KJ ) , , vol. 22, no.1, pp.37-52. [8] , , (1989) :

1.< > , , Vol.395, pp.19-30.

2015年度日本認知科学会第32回大会 OS12-5

1029