GTExcel2K3

Bi 1

Bi 1: GII THIU MICROSOFT EXCEL 2003I. Gii thiuMicrosoft Excel l chng trnh x l bng tnh ca hng Microsoft dng trong vic t chc, sp xp, trnh by, tnh ton d liu trong cng vic hng ngy di dng s, ch trong bng gm nhiu ct, hng.

Cch khi ng Excel

C th khi ng bng nhiu cch khc nhau

Cch 1: chn menu Start > Programs > Microsoft Office > Microsoft Excel 2003Cch 2: double click vo biu tng ca Microsoft Excel trn desktop (nu c)

Cch 3: chn Microsoft Excel trn Microsoft Office Shorcut Bar (nu c)

Cch thot

Chn menu File > ExitHoc nhn Alt + F4Nu cc file ang lm vic trn mn hnh c lu th Excel s t ng thot, nu cha th Excel s hi li Do you want to save changes to?

Mn hnh giao din ca Excel

Ca s Excel Title bar : Thanh tiu , c tn ca ti liu ang son tho.

Menu bar : Thc n cha 9 mc t File n Help.

Standard Toolbar : Thanh cng c chun, cha cc biu tng ca cc lnh thng dng.

Formatting Toolbar : Cha cc biu tng ca cc lnh nh dng.

Formula Bar : Thanh cng thc gm cc hp tn bn tri, trong hp ghi ta hin hnh hay tn vng, bn phi hin th ni dung d liu cha trong hin hnh. Khi ang nhp d liu vo th trn Formula Bar c thm cc nt :

X (Cancel) : Hy ni dung ang nhp.

(Enter) : Nhp d liu vo .

fx (Function Wizard) : Chn hm vo cng thc.

Status Bar : Thanh tnh trng nm cui ca s Excel. Gm vng ch bo bn tri v vng tnh trng bn phi. Vng ch bo gm c :

Ready : Bng tnh ang ch ch nhp d liu.

Enter : ang nhp d liu, nhn Enter hoc di chuyn con tr nhp d liu vo .

Point : Khi ang nhp cng thc, ta c th dng phm hoc chut chn khi trn bng tnh, ch bo s chuyn sang Point.

Edit : ang chnh sa d liu trong .

WorkbookTrong Excel, 1 file tng ng vi 1 workbook. Khi ta to mt file mi ngha l ta to mt workbook mi. Trong mt workbook mi c to s c mc nh 3 worksheet vi tn ln lt l Sheet1, Sheet2, Sheet3. Mt workbook c ti a l 255 worksheet. C th m nhiu workbook cng 1 lcWorksheet

Worksheet l mt bng tnh gm c nhiu dng (row) v nhiu ct (column), im giao nhau gia dng v ct c gi l 1 (cell).

Column (ct)

Mi ct trong bng tnh c xc nh da vo tiu ct. Tiu ct l ch ci c nh theo th t A, B, C. Sau 26 ct u tin c nh th t t A ( Z th ct tip theo s c nh l AA, AB,, AZ.

Mi worksheet c ti a 256 ct.

Row (dng)

Mi dng trong bng tnh c xc nh da vo tiu dng. Tiu dng l s c nh theo th t t 1, 2, 3, , 65536.

Cell ()

im giao nhau gia ct v dng c gi l mt cell (). Nh vy vi 256 ct v 65536 dng th mt worksheet c ti a l 16,777,216 . Mi mt c xc nh bng cch da vo tiu ct v tiu dng ca gi l a ch .

l ni nhp d liu vo bng tnh. Ti mt thi im ch c 1 ang trng thi ch nhp d liu chnh l c chn, v l c chn ny c nhn bit da vo ng vin en, m bao quanh gi l con tr

II. Cc thao tc trn workbook1. To mt workbook mi

Chn menu File > New ri click vo mc Blank workbook hoc click nt New trn thanh cng c Standard hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl + N

2. Lu workbook

Chn menu File > Save hoc click nt Save trn thanh cng c Standard hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl + SC hai trng hp xy ra:

Nu workbook c lu trc ri th my s t ng lu khng cn phi khai bo thm

Nu workbook cha c lu th s thy xut hin hp thoi

3. Lu workbook vi tn khc

Chn menu File > Save As

4. ng workbook

Chn menu File > Close hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl + F4Nu workbook cha c lu th my s hi lu trc khi ng

Nu workbook c lu ri th file s c t ng ng li

5. M workbook c sn

Chn menu File > Open hoc click nt trn thanh cng c chun hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl + O

III. Cc thao tc trn Sheet

1. Thm mt sheet mi:

Chn menu Insert > Worksheet hoc

click chut phi ln mt sheet bt k ri chn Insert > WorkSheet

2. Xa sheet

Chn sheet mun xa

Chn menu Edit > Delete Sheet

Hoc

Click phi chut trn sheet mun xa > Delete

3. Sao chp hoc di chuyn sheet

Chn sheet cn di chuyn hoc sao chp

Chn menu Edit > Move or Copy Sheet

Chn tn sheet mun di chuyn n trong phn Before Sheet

Check vo mc Create a copy nu mun sao chp sheet

IV. Cc thao tc di chuyn con tr

1. Di chuyn con tr

(: di chuyn sang bn phi

(: di chuyn sang bn tri

(: di chuyn ln trn

(: di chuyn xung di

Page Up, Page Down: di chuyn con tr i sang mt trang mn hnh

Ctrl + ( : di chuyn con tr ln dng u tin

Ctrl + ( : di chuyn con tr xung dng cui cng

Ctrl + ( : di chuyn con tr v ct u tin bn tri Ctrl + ( : di chuyn con tr v ct cui cng bn phi

Home : di chuyn v u dng

End : di chuyn v cui dng

2. Di chuyn sang bng tnh khc

Bm vo thanh Sheet tab hoc

Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + Page Up, Ctrl + Page Down di chuyn ti bng tnh mnh cn thc hin.

V. Cc thao tc chn

1. Chn 1 (cell)

Click vo mun chn hoc dng cc phm mi tn v di chuyn n cn chn

Chn nhiu 1 vng (range)

Drag mouse trn vng cn chn (hoc gi phm Shift v dng cc phm mi tn nh du vng cn chn

2. Chn 1 hay nhiu ct Click mouse vo tiu ct chn mt ct

Drag mouse trn tiu ct chn nhiu ct lin tc (hoc click vo tiu ct u tin v gi phm Shift ri click vo tiu ct cui cng trong dy ct mun chn) Nhn gi phm Ctrl v click trn tiu ct chn nhiu ct ri rc3. Chn 1 hay nhiu dng

Click mouse vo tiu dng chn 1 dng Drag mouse trn tiu dng chn nhiu dng lin tc ((hoc click vo tiu dng u tin v gi phm Shift ri click vo tiu dng cui cng trong dy cc dng mun chn)

Nhn gi Ctrl v click trn tiu dng chn nhiu dng ri rc

4. Chn ton b bng tnh

Nhn Ctrl + A hay Click mouse vo nt Select All

4. i tn sheet Chn sheet cn i tn

Chn menu Format > Sheet > Rename (hoc click phi chut vo sheet mun i tn ri chn Rename)

5. n sheet Chn sheet cn n

Chn menu Format > Sheet > Hide (mun hin th li th chn Unhide)VI. Cc thao tc trn ca s

1. To ca s mi

Chn menu Window > New. Khi y ta s c mt ca s mi cha tp tin ang lm vic

2. Chia i ca s

Chn menu Window > Split. Khi y ca s ang lm vic s b chia thnh 4 ca s nhng cha cng mt workbook3. Sp xp ca s

Vi nhiu ca s lm vic ta c th sp xp cc ca s ny trn cng mt mn hnh bng cch chn menu Window > Arrange4. Chn ca s

Khi c nhiu ca s m cng mt lc trn mn hnh. Mun chn mt ca s no ta chn menu Window ri click vo tn tp tin ang m trn ca s (hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl + F6)

5. n ca s

Mun n ca s ang lm vic chn menu Window > HideBI 2: NHP V X L D LIU

I. NHP D LIU1. Cc loi d liuD liu trong mt bng tnh bt buc phi l mt trong cc dng thc sau :

Kiu chui : Bao gm cc k t t : A - Z, a - z, 0 - 9, khong trng v mt s k hiu khc. Nu d liu nhp vo c s v ch ln ln th Excel hiu ngm l kiu chui. Khi nhp vo, d liu kiu chui s mc nhin c canh tri. Nu mt chui c th no c dng trong cng thc th phi t chng trong cp du ngoc kp. V d : lp 11B8

Kiu s : Bao gm cc k s t 0 - 9, du ( ), $, %, ... Khi c nhp vo hp l, s s mc nhin canh phi trong . Nu chiu rng ct khng hin th ht con s th Excel s hin th s theo dng khoa hc (vd : 1.259E+08) hoc hin th cc du #, trong trng hp ny ta phi m rng ct cho n khi s hin th y .

Ch : Khi nhp mt d liu kiu s ta khng cn phi nhp du phn cch hng ngn nhng phi nhp du phn cch thp phn.

V d : ta ch cn nhp 37923.87 sau khi nh dng s s t ng i thnh 37,923.87

Kiu ngy, gi : Thc cht l kiu s ch s th t t ngy 01/01/1900 tr i. Phi nhp ngy v gi theo ng dng chn trong Control Panel ca Windows, cn cch hin th th chn trong menu Format - Cells - Number - Date.

Kiu cng thc :

Bt u bng du = hoc @ hoc + Thnh phn mt cng thc gm cc ton t nh +, -, *, /, ^, ... cc hng s, cc a ch hay tn vng, cc ton t so snh nh : =, < >, = ...

Kiu Logic : Gm cc gi tr : TRUE, FALSE.

2. Cch nhp v sa d liua) Nhp a hin hnh n cn nhp d liu.

Nhp d liu vo theo ng dng thc.

Kt thc vic nhp bng phm Enter chuyn xung di hoc phm TAB di chuyn qua k bnb) Sa d liu a hin hnh n c d liu mun chnh sa.

Nhn phm F2, ri tin hnh vic chnh sa.

Sa xong nhn Enter.

3. Cch nhp d liu ngy v gi S dng du / hoc - nhp d liu ngy v d: 7/16/2007 hoc 7-16-2007

S dng du : gia cc s, khong trng ri k t a hoc p nhp d liu l gi - v d: 9:00 p Excel s t ng hiu l 21gi.

nhp ngy hin hnh ca my nhn Ctrl + ; nhp gi hin hnh ca my nhn Ctrl + Shift + ;

Lu : nu nhp ng th d liu ngy v gi s c t ng canh phi ca , ngc li s canh tri v d liu ch c xem l kiu chui v ta khng th tnh ton trn d liu 4. Mt s lu khi nhp d liu Trong Excel khi cn g s phi s dng phm s pha bn tay phi (Numeric Keypad), khi n NumLock phi sng.

D liu no nhp ng .

Trong dng tiu ca bng tnh c trng hp dng 2, 3 dng nhng c trng hp ngi ta xung dng (lm gin dng) bng t hp phm Alt Enter

Dng tiu gm 2 dng

Dng tiu dng Alt + Enter

M

HngH NiTPHCMTng cng

Thng 1Thng 2Thng 1Thng 2

II. X l d liu1. Xa - Phc hia) Xa vi phm Delete trn bn phm nh du vng cn xa ri nhn phm Delete, d liu s b xa nhng cc thuc tnh hoc nh dng vn tn ti.

b) Xa vi lnh Clear nh du vng cn xa.

Chn menu Edit - Clear v chn tip :

All : Xa ht d liu v cc thuc tnh khc.

Formats : Ch xa cc nh dng

Contents : ch xo d liu trong

Comments : Ch xa cc li ch thch.

c) Xa vi lnh DeleteLnh ny s xa mt khi, cc ct hay cc dng v mt v tr. V vy khi dng nn cn thn. Chn menu Edit - Delete s xut hin hp thoi :

Shift Cells Left : Excel s y khi d liu cn li bn phi lp vo khi va b xa.

Shift Cells Up : Excel s y khi d liu cn li bn di lp vo khi va b xa.

Entire Row : Xa c dng trong vng nh du.

Entire Column : Xa c ct trong vng nh du.

d) Phc hiKhi pht hin c s nhm ln trong vic thay i d liu, ta c th ly li trng thi c bng cch chn menu Edit - Undo.

2. Sao chpa) Sao chp bnh thng Chn hoc vng cha ni dung cn sao chp.

Chn menu Edit - Copy (hoc nhn Ctrl C)

Chn gc tri pha trn ca vng ch

Chn menu Edit - Paste (hoc nhn Ctrl V)

b) Sao chp c bitSao chp bnh thng s sao chp ton b ni dung cng nh cc thuc tnh ca n sang vng ch. Nu ch mun sao chp mt thnh phn ca d liu ta dng sao chp c bit.

Chn hoc vng cha ni dung cn sao chp.

Chn menu Edit - Copy (hoc nhn Ctrl C)

Chn gc tri pha trn ca vng ch.

Chn menu Edit - Paste Special, xut hin hp thoi

All : Sao chp ton b.

Formulas : Ch chp cng thc.

Values : Ch chp gi tr

Formats : Ch chp nh dng

Comments : Ch chp ghi ch.

All except borders : chp tt c ngoi tr borders

None : Chp gi tr ngun ln gi tr v tr mi.

Add : Sao chp v cng gi tr ca v tr mi vi gi tr ngun

Subtract : Sao chp v ly gi tr ca v tr mi tr i gi tr ngun.

Multiply : Ly gi tr v tr mi nhn vi ngun.

Divide : Ly gi tr ca v tr mi chia cho gi tr ngun.

Skip blanks : Khng sao chp cc rng trong phm vi ngun.

Transpose : Sao chp v i v tr ct / dng ca phm vi thnh dng / ct v tr mi.

V d : C5 c gi tr 4, F8 c gi tr 10. t con tr ti C5 nhn Edit - Copy. a con tr sang F8 chn Edit - Paste Special, nu chn :

Add : F8 cho kt qu l 14

Subtract : F8 cho kt qu l 6

Multiply : F8 cho kt qu l 40

Divide : F8 cho kt qu l 2.5

3. Di chuyn Chn hoc vng cha ni dung cn di chuyn.

Chn menu Edit Cut (hoc Ctrl X)

Chn gc tri pha trn ca vng ch.

Chn menu Edit - Paste.(hoc Ctrl V)

4. in d liu (Fill)a) in mt dy th t Dng menu :

Nhp gi tr vo u tin (thng nhp s 1 vo).

nh du vng cn to ct s th t (bt u t va nhp gi tr n cc cn in khc)

Chn menu Edit - Fill - Series, xut hin hp thoi, nhp Step Value =1 ri OK.

Row : in d liu theo dng.

Column : in d liu theo ct.

Linear : in mt cp s cng.

Growth : in mt cp s nhn.

Date : in dy ngy thng

Autofill : in t ng vo cc cn li cng gi tr nhp ban u.

Step Value : Nhp vo cng sai hay cng bi ca cp s.

Stop Value : Nhp tr dng ca cp s.

Dng mouse :

Nhp gi tr u tin vo th nht, nhp gi tr th hai vo th hai.

nh du khi 2 ny.

Drag mouse ti Fill Handle theo chiu ca 2 trn n khi t gi tr mong mun th dng.

b) in d liu ca mt cho cc k cn Dng menu :

nh du vng d liu mun in sao cho tr u tin s nm u tin ca khi.

Chn menu Edit - Fill ri chn tip :

Down : in xung di.

Right : in sang phi.

Up : in ln trn

Left : in sang tri.

Dng mouse :

t con tr ti c cha d liu

Drag mouse ti Fill Handle, d liu s c in t ng vo nhng c drag mouse qua.

5. Tm v thay th

c) Tm kim

Chn menu Edit - Find (hoc nhn Ctrl - F)

G chui cn tm vo mc Find What.

Trong hp Within: chn khng gian tm kim trong sheet hin hnh hay trong workbook

Trong hp Search : chn kiu tm theo dng (by Rows) hay theo ct (by Column)

Trong hp Look in chn :

Formulas tm ni dung cng thc

Values tm kt qu cng thc

Command : tm ch thch .

Match Case : nu c chn s phn bit ch hoa v ch thng.

Match entire cell contents : nu c chn s tm v so snh ton b ni dung.

Chn Find Nextd) Tm v thay th

Chn menu Edit - Replace (hoc nhn Ctrl - H)

Nhp chui cn tm vo hp Find What, chui thay th vo hp Replace With.

Chn : Find Next tm.

Chn Replace quyt nh thay.

Chn Replace All thay ton b.

III. CC THAO TC THNG GP 1. iu chnh kch thc ct, dng

a. rng ct : c 2 cch :

Cch 1 :

t con tr trong ct cn thay i rng.

a mouse ln dng tiu ct, ngay ti bin phi ca ct cn thay i sao cho mouse bin thnh mi tn tri - phi. Drag mouse cho n khi t rng mong mun.

Cch 2 :

t con tr trong ct cn thay i rng.

Chn menu Format - Column - Width ri nhp s vo.

b. Chiu cao dng : c 2 cch :

Cch 1 :

t con tr trong dng cn thay i chiu cao.

a mouse sang tiu dng vo ngay ti bin di ca dng cn thay i sao cho mouse bin thnh mi tn trn - di. Drag mouse cho n khi t chiu cao mong mun.

Cch 2 :

t con tr trong dng cn thay i chiu cao.

Chn menu Format - Row - Height ri nhp s vo.

2. Chn thm , ct, dnga. Chn dng

Chn mt dng lm mc.

Chn menu Insert - Row, dng mi s chn pha trn dng lm mc.

b. Chn ct

Chn mt ct lm mc.

Chn menu Insert - Column, ct mi s chn pha tri ct lm mc.

c. Chn , khi

nh du vng d liu mun chn.

Chn menu Insert - Cells. Shift Cells Right : Excel s y vng d liu ang b nh du sang phi, ng thi chn vo mt vng trng.

Shift Cells Down : Excel s y vng d liu ang b nh du xung di, ng thi chn vo mt vng trng.

Entire Row : thm dng mi

Entire Column : thm ct mi

3. Hin / n ct - dng

a. n ct / dng

nh du cc ct / dng cn cho n.

Chn menu Format - Column - Hide (nu l ct) hoc Format - Row - Hide (nu l dng)

b. Cho hin li ct / dng b n

nh du 2 ct hai bn ca ct b n (hoc 2 dng trn di ca dng b n).

Chn menu Format - Column - Unhide (i vi ct) hoc Format - Row - Unhide (i vi dng)

4. t tn vng

Trong Excel ta dng tn vng gi nh v cho gn khi khai bo phm vi cho cc ta hay phm vi khi trong cng thc.

a. Quy c t tn vng

K t u tin ca tn vng phi l ch.

Tn vng khng c trng vi cc ta (v d : A5 hoc R3C3)

Tn vng khng c php c khong trng, khng di qu 255 k t.

Khng phn bit ch hoa hay ch thng khi khai bo tn vng.

b. Cch t tn vng

nh du khi d liu cn t tn.

Chn menu Insert - Name - Define.

Nhp tn vng mun t vo trong khung Names in Workbook ri OK.

BI 3: NH DNG BNG TNHa) nh dng k t

a) S dng thanh cng c Formatting toolbar

Chn 1 hay nhiu mun nh dng

Trn thanh Formatting Toolbar click vo nt chc nng tng ng

b) S dng menu


Chn menu Format > Cells s xut hin hp thoi

Chn phiu Font ri chn cc nh dng mong mun nh c ch, mu ch,

b) nh dng s

a) S dng thanh cng c Formatting toolbar


Trn thanh Formatting Toolbar click vo nt chc nng tng ng

b) S dng menu


Chn menu Format > Cells s xut hin hp thoi

Chn phiu Number ri chn cc nh dng mun s dng trong mc Category( ngha cc m nh dng :

# : i din cho mt k s bt k.

0 : i din cho mt k s bt buc.

% : s vi t l phn trm.

Du , : s vi phn cch hng ngn.

Du . : s vi du chm thp phn.

$ : s vi du tin t.

[] : nh mu cho s. V d : [RED]; [BLUE]

chui vn bn : nu mun a mt chui vn bn khc vo m nh dng ta phi t chng trong du nhy kp.

d : i din cho ngy.

m (Month) : i din cho thng.

y : i din cho nm.

h : i din cho gi.

m (Minute) : i din cho pht.

s : i din cho giy.

dd : 2 k s ca ngy.

ddd : 3 k t u ca th bng ting Anh.

dddd : th bng ting Anh y .

mm : 2 k s ca thng.

mmm : 3 k t u ca thng.

mmmm : thng bng ting Anh y .

yy : 2 k s ca nm.

yyyy : 4 k s ca nm

v d:

Nhp vo mS 71892.463 s xut hin

#, ##0.0071,892.46

[GREEN] #, ##0.00 VN71,892.46 VN (mu xanh)

dd/mm/yy25/12/98

dd-mmm-yy25-Dec-98

ddd dd-mmmm-yyyy hh:mm:ssFri 25-December-1998 08:47:16

Cc kiu nh dng s thng gp :

Phn cch hng ngn cho s (v d : s 7,526) : c 2 cch

Chn Format Cells Number, trong mc Number click chn mc Use 1000 Separator

Hoc chn Format Cells Number, trong mc Custom chn kiu #,##0 S c 2 ch s thp phn (v d : 7,526.18) : c 2 cch

Chn Format Cells Number, trong mc Number tng/gim mc Decimal places thnh 2

Hoc chn Format Cells Number, trong mc Custom chn kiu #,##0.00 hoc 0.00 Ngy theo kiu Vit nam : chn Format Cells Number trong mc Custom chn dd/mm/yy. Tuy nhin, kiu ngy ny cn ph thuc vic ci t trong Control Panel.

a s tr v dng nhp th ban u : chn Format Cells Number General.

c) Canh l cho d liuKhi nhp d liu vo bng tnh, Excel s canh d liu chui sang tri, d liu s sang phi theo chiu ngang. V chiu ng, tt c cc loi d liu s c canh Bottom. Tuy nhin ta cng c th chnh li theo ring.

Cc cch canh tiu vo gia mt bng tnh

a) Dng nt Merge and Center nh du dng tiu t cha tiu cho n cui (theo chiu ngang ca bng)

Click nt Merge and Center . Kt qu : dng tiu c canh vo gia vng c chn, cc trong vng c chn by gi c trn (merge) li thnh 1 duy nht do khng th di chuyn con tr trong tng ny c. Dng cch ny i khi gy ra kh khn trong vic sort hoc filter v sau.

b) Dng Center across selection nh du dng tiu t cha tiu cho n cui (theo chiu ngang ca bng)

Chn Format > Cells > Alignment > Trong mc Horizontal chn Center Across Selection. Kt qu : dng tiu c canh vo gia vng c chn, tuy nhin con tr vn di chuyn c trong tng ca dng tiu c canh gia

Mun b ch canh gia ny ta t con tr vo c cha tiu ri chn menu Format Cells Alignment Trong mc Horizontal chn General.

Canh l Chn hoc vng cn canh l.

Chn menu Format > Cells > Alignment s xut hin hp thoi

Mc Horizontal (canh l theo chiu ngang ca ) gm : General : canh mc nhin, Left : canh tri, Center : canh gia, Right : canh phi, Fill : in chui, Justify : canh u, Center Across Selection : canh d kin vo gia phm vi chn.

Mc Vertical (canh l theo chiu ng ca ) gm : Top : canh st cnh trn ca , Center : canh gia , Bottom : canh st cnh y ca , Justify : canh u theo chiu cao .

Mc Orientation : xoay ch

Chc nng Wrap Text

L chc nng cho php t ng iu chnh chiu cao ca v vn bn trong sao cho d liu c nm gn trong 1

Chn hoc vng mun s dng chc nng wrap text

Chn menu Format > Cells > Alignment

Trong mc Text control, chn Wrap Textd) To Border cho bng tnh

Trong Excel cc ng li (Gridline) khng xut hin khi in ra do , bng tnh in ra p, ta phi to ng vin cho bng tnh (border) ri xo cc ng li (Gridline).

a) To Border

Chn vng mun to border.

Chn menu Format - Cells - Border xut hin hp thoi

Chn kiu ng k trong hp Style.

Chn mu trong hp Color.

Click vo nt Outline to ng vin bao quanh khi, click nt Inside to ng sc ngang dc bn trong khi.

Lu : thng thng ngi ta hay to Outline l ng m hoc ng i, Inside l ng n.

b) Xo borderi khi sau khi to border ta pht hin c 1 s ng border tha so vi yu cu. Khi y ta phi xa nhng border tha ny i.

Cch xa : t con tr ti cn xo, chn menu Format > Cells > Border, click vo loi border cn xa n khi no bin mt th OK.

c) Xo ng li Gridline Chn menu Tools > Options.

Trong mc View, click vo hp Gridline xo du ( ri OK.

e) To nn (Pattern)

Chn vng cn to nn.

Chn menu Format > Cells > Patterns.

Chn mu trong hp Color.

Chn Pattern gm c cc mu hoa vn v mu mu hoa vn ri OK

f) Chc nng Conditional FormattingChc nng ny cho php nh dng bng tnh ty theo yu cu ca ngi s dng nhm mc ch quan st bng tnh c d dng hn. Chng hn ta c th nh dng ch mu , gch di cho nhng no c gi tr t n ngng no , hoc trong mt bng tnh di (c nhiu dng) d dng quan st ngi ta thng nh dng cho cc dng l c nn mu vng nht

Cc bc thc hin:

Chn vng cn nh dng

Chn menu Format > Conditional Formatting xut hin hp thoi

Trong mc Condition 1 chn:

Cell Value Is: nu iu kin nh dng da vo gi tr ca

Formula Is : nu iu kin nh dng l mt cng thc Chn iu kin trong cc hp thoi k bn ri click nt Format nh dng cho cc no tha iu kin t.

Nu mun t thm iu kin th click nt Add v lp li hai bc trn.

Lu : ch c th t ti a 3 iu kin.

Click OK xem kt qu.

g) nh dng trangChn menu File - Page Setup s xut hin hp thoi Page Setup trong c 4 phiu : Page, Margins, Header/Footer v Sheet.

a) Page

Mc Orientation : chn Portrait trnh by bng tnh theo chiu ng, Landscape trnh by bng tnh theo chiu ngang.

Mc Scaling : mc Adjust to cho php phng to hay thu nh bng tnh theo t l n nh. V d : mun thu nh bng tnh li 85% so vi kch thc bnh thng, ta g s 85 vo mc Adjust to. Mc Fit to : thu nh bn in cha gn vo 1 s trang theo mun.

Mc Paper size : thng chn A4 210 x 297mm

b) MarginsDng t l cho trang in

Top - Bottom - Left - Right : t l trn - di - tri - phi cho trang in

Mc Header : l khong cch t bin pha trn ca t giy n Header, khong cch ny phi nh hn l trn (Top). Footer l khong cch t bin di ca t giy cho n dng Footer, khong cch ny phi nh hn l di (Bottom)

Mc Center on Page : canh vng in vo gia trang giy theo chiu ngang (Horizontally) hoc chiu ng ( Vertically).

c) Header / Footer

Dng nh ni dung Header hoc Footer cho bng tnh.

Chn hp lit k th Header (hoc Footer) chn nhng Header (Footer) c sn.

Mun to Header mi : click vo nt Custom Header xut hin hp thoi :

G ni dung Header vo cc hp Left section, Center section hoc Right section, Mun chn s trang vo Header ta click nt Page Number (tng t trong Word)

d) Sheet Mc Print Area : cho php gii hn cc vng cn c in ra theo mun. Ch cn nhp vo a ch (hoc tn vng) cn in vo y.

Mc Print Titles : cho php nh cc dng hoc cc ct s c in lp li trn mi trang in. Thao tc : a a ch khi mun lm tiu ct vo Rows to Repeat at Top hoc a a ch khi mun lm tiu dng vo Columns to Repeat at Left.

BI 4 CNG THC V CC HM THNG DNGI. CNG THC1. Khi nimCng thc l mt loi d liu c bit trong Excel. Cng thc thng bt u bng du = , theo sau l cc gi tr v cc php ton tc ng ln cc gi tr . Gi tr c th l mt s, mt chui trong du , a ch mt hay vng, mt hm hay mt biu thc hoc hn hp gia chng. di ti a ca cc ton hng v ton t trong dng cng thc l 1024 k t.

Nu cng thc b li th trong s xut hin ln cc hnh thc bo li sau :

# DIV/0 ! : Gi tr chia cho 0

# N/A (No value Available) : Tham chiu n hay khi khng cha d liu (thng xy ra trong cc hm d tm).

# NAME ? : S dng tn khi cha c nh ngha trong cng thc (thng do nhm tn hm hoc do m ting Vit)

# NULL ! : Li ny xy ra khi s dng mt chc nng kt hp 2 vng d liu nhng thc t chng khng th kt hp c.

# NUM ! : Tr s khng hp l.

# REF ! : Li tham chiu n a ch khng hp l.

# VALUE ! : Li khi s dng sai kiu d liu hoc gi tr trong cng thc, thng xy ra khi nhn mt gi tr kiu s cho mt gi tr kiu chui.

2. a ch v cch tham chiu trong cng thca ch c dng trong cng thc truy xut ni dung ca mt , mt vng no trn bng tnh. a ch mt l s kt hp gia tn ct v tn dng ca . V d : F8, G7, X3, ...

a) a ch tng i : L a ch s thay i mi khi ta sao chp cng thc n v tr mi. a ch tng i c vit bnh thng nh B5, E2:F8, ...

b) a ch tuyt i : L a ch khng thay i khi sao chp cng thc. Cch ghi : $E$2:$F$8 , $B$5

c) a ch hn hp : L a ch khng thay i thnh phn c du $ ng trc khi sao chp cng thc, cn thnh phn khng c du $ ng trc th thay i.

V d : B$5 : tng i ct B, tuyt i dng 5.

$B5 : tuyt i ct B, tng i dng 5.

d) Cch to a ch tuyt i, hn hp : c 2 cch :

Nhp trc tip bng bn phm du $ trc k hiu ct hay th t dng m ta mun c nh. Cch ny d gy li trong cng thc v b m ting Vit.

V d : G $A$2 s tr thnh $ Di chuyn con tr v st vi a ch mun i thnh a ch tuyt i, sau nhn F4 cho n khi c a ch nh mun.

V d :

3. Nhp cng thct con tr vo mun nhp cng thc sau g cng thc vo.

Ch : trc cng thc phi c du =V d : = C5/F5

= (E4+F4+G4+H4*2)/5

4. Sao chp cng thc

C th sao chp cng thc bng 1 trong cc cch sau :

Dng menu Edit - Copy v Edit - Paste (hoc t hp phm Ctrl C v Ctrl V - xem li bi 2 - Phn II - Mc 2)

Dng mouse ko Fill Handle t cha cng thc cho n cui bng tnh

Double click vo Fill Handle. Tuy nhin, nu khng cn thn, cch ny i khi gy ra li

Khi sao chp cng thc t ny sang khc, nhng a ch tng i trong cng thc s c thay i theo v tr mi ca n.

5. Di chuyn cng thcDng menu Edit - Cut v Edit - Paste di chuyn cng thc (Xem li bi 2 - Phn II - Mc 3)

Khi di chuyn cng thc t ny sang khc th ni dung cng thc khng thay i.

V d : cho bng tnh sau

ABCDEFGH

1SttH tnMingKT 15KT1tTBKTThi HKTBHK

21L V567?7?

32V H4345

43L L9977

54H V6888

Tnh TBKT bit Ming v KT15 h s 1, KT1t h s 2 : =(C2+D2+E2*2)/4

Tnh TBHK bit rng TBHK = (TBKT x 2 + Thi HK) / 3 : =(F2*2+G2)/3II. HMHm c xem nh cc cng thc do Excel thit k sn nhm thc hin cc yu cu tnh ton chuyn bit. Dng tng qut ca hm l

=tn hm(i s 1, i s 2, ..., i s n) Tn hm : phi dng ng theo tn ca Excel t, khng c vit tt.

i s : c th l chui, a ch , tn vng, s, tr dng lun l v c th l cc hm khc. i s phi c nm trong ngoc n v phi c phn cch nhau bng du phy.

Hm phi c bt u bng du =

Trong hm khng c php c khong trng, tuy nhin trong mt chui th c nhng lc ny chui phi c nm trong du nhy kp.

C th dng mt hm lm i s cho hm khc nhng lc ny ta khng g du = trc tn hm .

1. Hm s hc v ton hca) Hm ABSTr v gi tr tuyt i ca gi tr s.

C php :

=ABS(number)V d :

=ABS(-68) cho kt qu l 68.

=ABS(70) cho kt qu l 70.

Nu rng th hm =ABS() cho kt qu l 0.

b) Hm SUMTnh tng cc cha gi tr s v khc rng.

C php :

=SUM(bts1, bts2, ...)V d 1 :

=SUM(8, 9, 10) cho kt qu l 27

=SUM(B2,B3) ( 17.7=SUM(B3,B5,45)( 57.6

=SUM(B2:B6) ( 231.2

c) Hm PRODUCTTnh tch cc cha gi tr s v khc rng.

C php :

=PRODUCT(bts1, bts2, ...)V d :

=PRODUCT(3, 9, 2) cho kt qu l 54

=Product(A1, A2) ( 12

=Product(A1, A2, A3) ( 54

=Product(A1, A2, A3, A4)( -366.12

=Product(A1, A2, A3, A4, -2) ( 732.24

d) Hm AVERAGETnh trung bnh cng cc cha gi tr s v khc rng.

C php :

=AVERAGE(bts1, bts2, ...)Vd1 :

=AVERAGE(9, 8, 1) cho kt qu l 6

=Average(B2, B3) ( 8.85

=Average(B3, B5, 45) (19.2

=Average(B2:B6) ( 46.24

e) Hm INTCho kt qu l phn nguyn ca biu thc s.

C php :

=INT(bts)V d :

=INT(1763.96) cho kt qu l 1763

=Int(A1) (210

=Int(A2) ( 2

=Int(A3) ( -3

=Int(-4.5) ( -5f) Hm MODCho kt qu l phn d ca php chia nguyn x cho y.

C php :

=MOD(x, y)V d :

=MOD(25, 4) cho kt qu l 1

=Mod(A1, A2) ( 2

=Mod(A1, A3) ( -7

=Mod(34, A2) ( 0

=Mod(34, 0) ( #DIV/0!Lu : hm MOD lun c 2 i s cch nhau bng du phy

g) Hm MAXCho kt qu l gi tr ln nht trong danh sch cc i s.

C php :

=MAX(bts1, bts2, ...)V d :

=MAX(8, 15, 1, 0, 22, -3) cho kt qu l 22

=Max(B2, B3) ( 10.5

=Max(B3, B5, 45) ( 45

=Max(B2:B6) ( 200

h) Hm MINCho kt qu l gi tr nh nht trong danh sch cc i s.

C php :

=MIN(bts1, bts2, ...)V d :

=MIN((8, 15, 1, 0, 22, -3) cho kt qu l -3

=Min(B2, B3) ( 7.2

=Min(B3, B5, -3) ( -3

=Min(B2:B6) ( 5.4

i) Hm ROUNDLm trn biu thc s n k s th n (n l mt s nguyn dng hoc m)

C php :

=ROUND(bts, n)V d :

=ROUND(50768.1473, 2) cho kt qu l 50768.15

=ROUND(50768.1473, 0) cho kt qu l 50768

=Round(A1, 0) ( 663

=Round(A1, 1) ( 662.8

=Round(A2, -1) ( 50

=Round(55.1, -1) ( 60

=Round(-23.67, 1) ( -23.7V d : cho bng tnh sau :

ABCDEFGH

1Mn

hcNgy

KGNgy

BGThi gian hcS

tunS ngy

lS

titHc

ph

2Ton04/01/9929/04/99?????

3L11/01/9921/04/99

4Ha11/01/9927/04/99

Thi gian hc = ngy BG ngy KG

=C2-B2

S tun = phn nguyn ca thi gian hc / 7

=INT(D2/7) S ngy l = phn d ca php chia nguyn thi gian hc /7 =MOD(D2,7) S tit : 6 tit 1 tun v ch tnh trn s tun chn, khng tnh s ngy l =6*E2 Hc ph : 15.000 /tit

=15000*G2 Hc ph cao nht

=MAX(H2:H4) Hc ph thp nht

=MIN(H2:H4) Hc ph bnh qun

=AVERAGE (H2:H4)2. Hm x l chuia) Hm LEFTTr v n k t bn tri ca chui.

C php :

=LEFT(chui, n)V d :

=LEFT(Tin hc vn phng, 5) cho kt qu l Tin h

=LEFT(89205, 3) cho kt qu l 892=Left(A1, 5) ( "Alpha"

=Left(A2, 8) ( "techonth"

=Left("Excel", 2) ( "Ex"

b) Hm RIGHTTr v n k t bn phi ca biu thc.

C php :

=RIGHT(chui, n)V d :

=RIGHT(Photocopy, 6) cho kt qu l tocopy

=RIGHT(89205, 3) cho kt qu l 205=Right(A1, 4)( "soup"

=Right(A2, 6) ( "thenet"

=Right("Excel", 3) ( "cel"c) Hm MIDTr v n k t tnh t v tr bt u ca chuiC php :=MID(chui, v tr bt u, s k t)V d :=MID(Never fall in love again,2,8) cho kt qu l ever fall

=Mid(A1, 5, 4) ( "abet"

=Mid(A2, 7, 3) ( "The"

=Mid("Excel", 1, 2) ( "Ex"d) Hm VALUE

i d liu kiu chui (ang c dng l 1 con s) thnh kiu s

C php :=VALUE(chui)

V d :=VALUE(LEFT(54768,2)) cho kt qu l s 54

=Value(A1) (12345

=Value(A2) ( 768.8

=Value(A3) ( #VALUE!

=Value("67") ( 67e) Hm UPPERi cc k t trong chui sang ch in hoa.

C php :

=UPPER(chui)V d :

=UPPER(hng o) cho kt qu l HNG O

=Upper(A1) ( "ALPHABET SOUP"

=Upper(A2) ( "TECHONTHENET"

=Upper("Excel") ( "EXCEL"

=Upper("123abc") ( "123ABC"

f) Hm LOWERi cc k t trong chui sang ch thng.

C php :=LOWER(chui)V d :=LOWER(photocopy TOSHIBA) cho kt qu l photocopy toshiba=Lower(A1) ( "alphabet soup"

=Lower(A2) ( "techonthenet

=Lower("Excel") ( "excel"g) Hm PROPERi biu thc thnh chui dng ch m k t u mi t l ch hoa.

C php :

=PROPER(chui)V d :

=PROPER(word v excel) cho kt qu l Word V Excel.

=Proper(A1) ( "Alphabet Soup"

=Proper(A2) ( "Tech On The Net"

=Proper(A3) ( "Alpha Beta"

=Proper("excel") ( "Excel"3. Hm ngy thnga) Hm DATETr v ngy ng vi year, month, date. Hm ny thng c dng nhp mt ngy c th vo trong cng thc.

C php :

=DATE(year, month, date)V d :

=DATE(82,07,16) cho kt qu l 16/07/82

=Date(2003,11,30) ( 'Nov 30, 2003'

=Date(2003,11,31) ( 'Dec 1, 2003

=Date(A1, A2, A3) ( 'Nov 30, 2003'a) Hm DAYTr v gi tr l ngy trong nm ca gi tr ngy.

C php :

=DAY(ngy)V d :

=DAY(DATE(82,07,16)) cho kt qu l 16=Day(A1) ( 15.

=Day(A2) ( 31.

=Day(A3) ( 28.

b) Hm MONTHTr v gi tr l thng trong nm ca gi tr ngy.

C php :

=MONTH(ngy)V d :

=MONTH(DATE(82,07,16)) cho kt qu l 7

=Month(A1) ( 1.

=Month(A2) ( 3.

=Month(A3) ( 2.

d) Hm YEARTr v gi tr l nm ca gi tr ngy

C php :

=YEAR(ngy)V d :

=YEAR(DATE(82,07,16)) cho kt qu l 1982

=Year(A1) ( 1999.

=Year(A2) ( 2001.

=Year(A3) ( 2003.

e) DATEVALUETr v gi tr l s th t ca ngy da trn chui ngy. Chui ngy c t trong cp du nhy kp v phi tun theo dng ngy ca Windows. Hm ny cng c dng nhp mt ngy c th no vo trong cng thc.

C php :

=DATEVALUE(chui ngy)V d :

=DATEVALUE(16/07/82) cho kt qu l 30148

=DateValue(A1) ( 37500.



=DateValue("30-Nov-2003") ( 37955.f) Hm NOWTr v ngy gi h thng vo thi im dng hm. Hm NOW khng c i s.

C php :

=NOW()g) Hm TODAYTr v ngy hin hnh lc dng hm. Hm TODAY khng c i s.

C php :

=TODAY()

4. Hm lun la) Hm ANDCho kt qu l TRUE khi tt c cc biu thc logic l True; cho kt qu l FALSE khi ch cn c 1 biu thc logic l False

C php :

=AND(biu thc logic1, biu thc logic 2, ...)V d :

=AND(9-3=6, 410, A1=5, A12, 3 Auto Filter.b) Advanced FilterChn lc cho ra danh sch cc mu tin ca c s d liu tho mn cc iu kin cho trc. iu kin cho trc ny c b tr thnh mt bng ring gi l bng iu kin hay bng tiu chun (Criteria Table). Bng tiu chun gm 2 phn chnh :

Dng th nht l dng tn trng vi tn ca vng c s d liu.

Cc dng tip theo l cc biu thc iu kin.

Nh vy bng tiu chun c t nht 1 ct v 2 dng. Cc biu thc iu kin c th bao gm cc dng sau :

L mt mc tin ca c s d liu. V d : lc ra danh sch nhng ngi c nm sinh l 1982, ch cn nhp chui 1982 vo bng tiu chun. C th s dng cc du * hoc ? i din cho cc k t.

L mt chui iu kin bt u bng cc ton t so snh. V d : lc ra danh sch nhng ngi sinh sau nm 1982 ta nhp chui iu kin >1982 vo bng tiu chun.

L mt biu thc lun l bt u bng du = theo sau l cc ton hng v ton t so snh.

Cc bc thc hin Advanced Filter : Bc 1 : To bng tiu chun (Criteria Table) gm : dng 1 cha tn cc vng tin dng thit lp iu kin tm kim (tn phi ging vi tn vng ca c s d liu). Dng 2 dng ghi cc iu kin truy tm.

Bc 2 : Di chuyn con tr vo trong c s d liu cn khai thc.

Bc 3 : Chn menu Data - Filter - Advanced Filter, xut hin hp thoi :

ngha cc yu cu trong hp thoi :

Filter the list, in - place : hin th kt qu ngay ti vng c s d liu, nhng mu tin no khng tho yu cu s b du i.

Copy to another location : sao chp kt qu vo mt vng khc.

List Range : ta ca vng c s d liu ban u.

Criteria Range : a ch ca bng tiu chun (to bc 1)

Copy to : nhp ta ca vng kt qu (thng ch cn nhp ta u tin l ). Yu cu ny ch c hiu lc khi chn Copy to Another Location.

Unique Record Only : chn mc ny nu mun ch hin th mt mu tin trong trng hp c s d liu c nhiu mu tin tho iu kin.

3. SubtotalCho php tnh ton nhng ct d liu theo nhm v t kt qu vo sau mi nhm ca c s d liu hin hnh. thc hin c chc nng ny, phi sp xp c s d liu theo vng m ta s chn lm nhm.

Thao tc :

Sort c s d liu theo vng ta s chn lm nhm.

Di chuyn con tr vo vng c s d liu, chn menu Data - Subtotal, xut hin hp thoi

At Each Change in : chn tn vng ng vi ct mun phn nhm (l vng Sort trc )

Use Function : chn mt hm tnh Subtotal.

Add Subtotal to : chn cc vng tnh Subtotal.

Replace Current Subtotals : thay th tt c nhng Subtotal trong c s d liu bng Subtotal mi. Nu mc ny khng c chn, Excel s gi li nhng Subtotal trc

Page Break Between Groups : t ng chn du ngt trang vo trc mi nhm Subtotal.

Summary Below data : t cc chui Summary v Grand Total di vng d liu phn nhm. Nu khng chn mc ny, nhng chui trn s c t ngay trn vng d liu tnh Subtotal.

b tc dng ca Subtotal : chn menu Data - Subtotals - Remove All.

BI 6: TH

I. KHI NIM th l hnh thc biu din cc dng s liu ca bng tnh bng cc ng nt ha gip ta phn tch, nh gi d liu mt cch r rng hn.

Cc thnh phn c bn ca th

Cc ng biu din th (Marker)

Cc trc (Axis) gm c: X (trc honh); Y (trc tung); Z (trc xin ch c trong th 3-D)

Tiu ca th (Chart Title) : gii thiu ni dung ca th

Cc tiu trc (Axist labels): gii thiu ni dung ca cc trc

Ch thch (Legend) : ghi cc ch thch v cc ng biu din (marker) trn th

ng li (Gridline) : l cc ng ngang dc k trn vng th gip ta xc nh d dng cc gi tr trn ng biu din

II. CCH TO TH nh du khi vng d liu mun v (gm cc s liu chi tit cho th)

Chn menu Insert > Chart hoc chn biu tng Chart Wizard Excel s ln lt dn ta qua 4 bc v thBc 1: Chn loi v kiu th cn v. khi chn xong nhn Next sang bc k tip

Bc 2: xc nh vng d liu cn v. Do trc ta chn vng d liu nn a ch ca chng s xut hin trong hp Data Range. Chn Next sang bc k tip

Bc 3: nhp tiu , ch thch cho th

a) Phiu Titles: nhp tn cho th (Chart Title), tn trc X, Y, Z

b) Phiu Axes: chn kiu ch thch cho cc trc

c) Phiu Gridlines: chn hoc b chn cc ng li ngang, dc

d) Phiu Legend: chn hoc b chn legend (Show Legend), chn v tr cho Legend

e) Phiu Data Labels: t nhn cho tng khi d liu

f) Phiu Data Table: chn hoc b chn vic trnh by bng d liu chung vi th

Chn xong nhn Next sang bc k tip

Bc 4: v tr ca th As new sheet: th va to s nm trong 1 sheet mi

As object in: th va to s l 1 i tng trong sheet. Thng ta chn tham s ny

Chn Finish kt thc

III. CHNH SA THSau khi to th nu cn chnh sa li ta lm cc bc nh sau:

Click vo thnh phn mun chnh sa

Chn menu Format > Selected , sa theo mun ri OK hoc right click vo thnh phn mun chnh sa, chn menu thch hp ri chnh sa.Ngy sinhNi sinh

EMBED PBrush

EMBED PBrush

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