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1
Next Generation Paperless Systems
for Trade Facilitation: Trends and Way Forward in Developing Countries
Session 2: Initiatives on Inter-connectivity
of Paperless Systems :
Learning from Practices
Global Trade Facilitation Conference 2013
18-19 November, Bangkok
Jonathan Koh
CrimsonLogic
2
Agenda
1. An Update of Regional Trends - Single Window (SW) development
2. Next Gen Paperless Systems Where are the Game Changers?
3. Recommendations for way forward
3
Single Window = Paperless Systems for Trade
Facilitation
UN/CEFACT Recommendation no. 33
Since formally approved by the UN/CEFACT in September 2004, the
term Single Window has become ubiquitous and synonymous with
Paperless Systems for Trade Facilitation
4 Copyright 2010 Private & Confidential 4
Impact of SW
OECDs Report on Costs and Challenges of Implementing Trade Facilitation Measures (May 2013)
Single Windows are probably the most sophisticated instrument for ensuring coordination of
controls between border agencies, the single most
expensive trade facilitation measure reviewed in this
study and a very significant contributor to reducing trade
costs as shown by the OECD TFIs
5
Regional Trends Survey of 35 Tenders & RFP
related to Paperless Systems
for Trade Facilitation
6 Copyright 2010 Private & Confidential 6
Kenya, Tanzania, Libya, Togo, Benin, Morocco,
Ivory Coast, Rwanda, Congo Brazzaville,
Mozambique, Madagascar
Africa = 13
Chinese Taipei, Malaysia ,Thailand, Brunei,
New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines
Asia / Oceania = 10
Mexico, Chile, Per, Trinidad & Tobago
Americas & Caribbean = 7
Survey of 35 SW tenders / RFPs
Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, UAE, Iran
Middle East = 5
7 Copyright 2010 Private & Confidential
Survey of 35 SW Tenders / RFPs
Country Name of Single Window Project Date of Issue of RFP
1 Ivory Coast Abidjan Port Community of Cte d'Ivoire Aug-05 2 Peru Ventanilla nica de Comercio Exterior (VUCE) Jun-06 3 Madagascar Malagasy Community Network Services Mar-07 4 Pakistan Pakistan Automated Commercial Community System May-07 5 Congo Brazzaville Maritime Single Window (GUMAR) Aug-07 6 Qatar Qatar Customs Clearance Single Window Nov-07 7 Kenya Kenya Electronic Single Window System Nov-07 8 Thailand Thailand National Single Window Jul-08 9 Iran Port Community System Apr-09
10 Libya Libyan External Trade Single Window May-09 11 Togo Single Window of Foreign Trade (GUCE) for the Port of Lom May-09 12 Trinidad & Tobago Single Economic Window (SEW) May-09 13 Bahrain Integrated Trade Facilitation System Aug-09 14 Philippines National Single Window 1 Aug-09 15 Mozambique Single Electronic Window System for the Customs Clearance of Traded Goods Sep-09 16 Rwanda Rwanda Single Electronic Window Feb-10 17 Benin Single Window for Foreign Trade of Benin for the Port of Cotonou May-10 18 New Zealand Trade Single Window May-10 19 Mexico Ventanilla nica de Comercio Exterior de Mxico (VUCEM) Jul-10 20 Morocco Guichet Unique De Formalites Du Commerce Exterieur (GUCE) Jun-11 21 Chinese Taipei Customs-Port-Trade Single Window Jun-11 22 Oman Integrated Customs Management System and a Single Electronic Window Jul-11 23 Brunei Darussalam National Single Window For Trade Facilitation System (BDNSW) Jul-11 24 Tanzania Electronic Single Window System Aug-11 25 Chile Ventanilla nica de Comercio Exterior (VUCE) Sep-11 26 Panama Electronic Single Window for Exports & Logistics (VUEEL) Feb-12 27 UAE FCA Circulars and Permits System May-12 28 Uruguay Foreign Trade Single Window (VUCE) Aug-12 29 Ethiopia Customs Single Window System Sep-12 30 Myanmar Single Window Oct-12 31 Philippines NSW 2 Jan-13 32 DRC Congo Foreign Trade Single Window (GUCE) Feb-13 33 Malaysia Ubiquitous Customs (U-Customs) Mar-13 34 Philippines Integrated Philippines Customs System (i-PCS) Mar-13 35 Suriname Single Electronic Window (SEW) May-13
8 Copyright 2010 Private & Confidential 8
East Africa (Mozambique, Madagascar, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda)
essentially for a national Single Window creating electronic linkages with the government agencies for permits and licensing processing
Mozambique calls for SW+CMS East African Community exploring for a Regional SW
West & Central Africa (Ivory Coast, Togo, Benin Congo Brazzaville)
mainly for a limited, usually port-centric Single Window, termed as Guichet Unique des Oprations du Commerce Extrieur (GUCE), or Single Window of foreign trade.
focused on the port requirements
North Africa (Libya, Morocco)
Both are port centric SW
Regional Initiatives
Revenue Authorities Digital Data Exchange (RADDEx 2.0) EAC
Trans Kalahari Corridor eCustoms and eTrade Pilot Project
African Alliance for Electronic Commerce (AACE)
Africa
Africa Trends
9 Copyright 2010 Private & Confidential 9
Middle East Trends
Saudi Arabia was an early implementer of the Single Window, when they launched their SaudiEDI project way in 2004.
3 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries - Qatar, Bahrain and Oman issued RFPs for Single Window.
includes replacement of their Customs management systems,
a single seamless Single Window + eCustoms Management system
UAE Federal Customs Authority (FCA) issues a Circulars & Permits System
Middle East
10 Copyright 2010 Private & Confidential 10
Asia & Oceania Trends
Many Asian countries have implemented their Single Windows
Singapore 1989; Japan 2003; S Korea 2003; Indonesia 2007; Malaysia 2009 Others includes: Thailand; Philippines; Brunei; Chinese Taipei Chinas E-Port - a form of sub-national SW Chinese Taipei is first to integrate Customs-Port-Trade Single Window Malaysia issued in 2013 for U-Customs SW + eCustoms
Increasing trend to include a centralized risk management in SW projects, e.g.
New Zealands Trade Single Window Pakistan Automated Commercial Community System (PACCS)
Regional initiatives - ASEAN Single Window - Pan Asia E-Commerce Alliance (PAA) - ESCAP Regional Agreement/Framework Agreement on Facilitation of
Cross-border Paperless Trade for the Asia Pacific Region
Asia & Oceania
11 Copyright 2010 Private & Confidential 11
Americas Trends
The cost of trade in Americas are reportedly higher than countries of Asia Pacific.
A marked interest in developing Single Window or Ventanilla nica de Comercio Exterior (VUCE) in recent years, e.g.
Colombia and Per - ~ 2006 Mexico and Chile issued RFPs in 2010 & 2011 respectively Suriname and Uruguay issued in 2012 / 2013
VUCEs are essentially Export-oriented Single Window features
Americas
12 Copyright 2010 Private & Confidential 12
Europe Trends
West Europe is characterized by a network of existing Port Community Systems and Customs Single Windows, e.g.
Germanys DAKOSY Port Community System - 1982 UKs Felixstowe Port Community System 1984 Finlands PortNet System 1993 Frances e-Maritime Port Single Window
Other European countries have implemented some form of SW e.g. Sweden, Macedonia
The challenge for Europe is to turn long-established existing systems into the interfaced and integrated IOS
Regional initiatives EU Directive 2010/65/EU Maritime Single Window European Port Community Systems Association (EPCSA)
Europe
13 13
What do we learn from these?
There is still disparate systems Even if you have SW, there is Customs
System, Port Community Air Cargo
Community, etc.
No Single Window System . but Paperless Trade Eco-System
Mostly Domestic Agenda . Few Regional & Global Integration
14 14
Yet .. The Bandwagon Effect
15
Trade Facilitation / Single Window became an increasing
included in Binding Multilateral Agreements ..
WTO
UN
IMO
EU
ASEAN & more
16
Next Gen Paperless Systems How Can We Do Better?
Where Are the Game Changers?
17
The concept of Inter-
organization Information
Systems (IOS)
18
Inter-organization Information Systems
The Network of Networks of Inter-Organization collaboration for
cross-border supply chain:
19
International Organisations & Standards
Copyright 2013 Private &
United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UN/CEFACT)
Electronic Data Interchange For Administration, Commerce and Transport (EDIFACT) [ISO 9735]
United Nations Trade Data Element Directory (UNTDED) [ISO 7372]
Core Component Technical Specification (CCTS) [ISO 15000-5]
Core Component Library (CCL)
XML Naming and Design Rules (NDR)
World Customs Organization (WCO)
The WCO recommend the use of the WCO Data Model
The Government Cross Border Regulatory message (GOVCBR) is based on the EDIFACT standards
XML messages can be derived from the WCO Data Model, using the WCOs proprietary XML standards
International Air Transport Association (IATA)
IATA recommend the use of Cargo-XML
Their current proprietary message format, Cargo-IMP, will not be supported beyond 2014
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
IMO recommend the use of seven standardised forms, known as FAL Forms
FAL Forms are based in EDIFACT messages, namely; CUSCAR, CUSREP, IFDGN, PAXLST
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS)
OASIS Universal Business Language (UBL) has been used to develop many de-facto XML standards
OASIS also developed their ebXML Message Service (ebMS) for the exchange of XML messages
20 20
Way Ahead
Traversing towards a
Globally Networked
Single Window
21
Evolution of Next Gen Paperless Systems
1
2
3
Interfaced IOS
73 economies
Disparate Systems
- Customs System
- Port Community
Systems
- Cargo Community
Systems
Ministries,
Departments and
Control Agencies
Systems
Interfaced
Single Window &
Customs
Interfaced
Inter-organization
Information
Systems (IOS)
Fully Integrated One-Stop integrated
Business Licensing
system,
Business Licence
registrations, updates,
renewal e-services are
consolidated online.
iBLS
Ultimate Goal
Fully Integrated
Inter-organization
Information
Systems (IOS)
2
3
1
21
22
EU Directive 2010/65/EU (Maritime Single
Window)
Source : Jukka Savo , EC DG MOVE, EPCSA 2013 Conference June 2013, Brussels
23
Customs Clearance Automation System
Advance Cargo Information System
G2G Interface Service B2G interface service
Duty/Fee e-Payment Service
N2N Cross Border Data Exchange Service
Web-based Application Service
Web-based Inquiry Service
Single Sign-On Management Service
Internet
Internet
Internet
Other Economies
Participating Government
Agencies
Port Agencies
Maritime Net
Banker
Warehouse Operator
Forwarder
Carrier
Trader Customs Broker
Cargo Movement
Security
Authorized Economic(AEO) Certification &
Management
Customs Clearance
VAN
FT-Net
Customs Broker
Forwarder Carrier Warehouse
operator Individual
Single Window
Chinese Taipei
Customs-Port-Trade Single Window
24
Next Gen Paperless Systems
1. Inter-organization information
systems (IOS) - Single Window Environment
Concept of Inter-organization information systems (IOS) taking form
The idea of one SW replaced by a inter-connected IOSs - inter-connected, inter-agency collaborative environment facilitate and automate business processes and data exchange for international trade.
2. Evolutionary and Staged Interfacig
& Integtaion of IOS Due to the complex change management,
IOS development typically follows a evolutionary and staged pathway
3. Impact of National Single Window Promotion of SW in international / regional
agreements Improvements in their trade facilitation
indicators after implementing the SW
4. Protocols for Cross-border information exchange
Imperative and pressing need to find improved way to conduct cross-border trade transactions
E.g. IATA CargoXML, WCO GOVCBR & Data Model
5. Increased bilateral , regional and global cooperation
Bilateral and multilateral connectivity e.g. ASEAN SW, RADDeX
25
Recommendations
National Integration & collaboration framework
for the Inter-organizational Information Systems (IOSs) e.g. TradeNet, MariNet, PortNet, CCN, JPOnline, etc.
Development of a globally networked Single Window =
Nation-to-Nation collaboration
data & information exchange among Customs agencies in support bilateral trade agreements and policies
Next Gen Single Window x =
Develop Global connectivity
Adopt international connectivity and data harmonization standards to achieve information exchange in global supply chains
x
26
Thank you