Guardian Farming October

An Ashburton Guardian Advertising Feature

Positive results from misfortune... page 5

October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010October 2010

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interesting • informative • essential

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Anxious times forapiarists ... page 4

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Page 2 GUARDIAN FARMING

BUNNINGS WAREHOUSE

Not all services and products featured are available in all stores, but may be ordered. See in store for product availability. Shelf prices may be lower than advertised to ensure lowest prices every day. We reserve the right to restrict the purchase of commercial quantities. All prices quoted are inclusive of GST. Prices valid until Friday 15th October 2010 or while stocks last.

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GUARDIAN FARMING Page 3

What’s inside/happening

GuardianfarmingfarmingfarmingGuardianfarmingGuardianfarmingGuardianfarmingGuardianfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarmingfarminginteresting • informative • essential

Any feedback is welcome, any comments about our magazine, letters or story suggestions.

Please direct any correspondence to: Amanda Niblett, on 307-7927email: [email protected] to: Lance Isbister, on 307-7953email: [email protected]

or write to PO Box 77, Ashburton. Advertising: Phone 307-7900Email: [email protected] date: October 5, 2010. Next issue: November 2, 2010An advertising feature for the Ashburton Guardian. Any opinions expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of Guardian Farming or the Ashburton Guardian.

Opportunities from misfortune ........................................................................................................................................................................... P5Water Whisperings .................................................................................................................................................................................................... P6Getting Alison and Omar to Kentucky ............................................................................................................................................................... P8Big is seldom beautiful ....... ........................................................................................................................................................................... P10-11Whyte Contracting feature ........................................................................................................................................................................... P12-14Let’s be proactive about plastic .........................................................................................................................................................................P15Improved grasses need improved endophytes ...........................................................................................................................................P16Fertiliser spreading feature ..................................................................................................................................................................................P18 Seed feature ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................P19Winchmore update .................................................................................................................................................................................................P20Making irrigation pay .............................................................................................................................................................................................P21Dairy farmers sharing knowledge .....................................................................................................................................................................P22Changing the face of the red meat industry .................................................................................................................................................P23Coke Zero to Ground Zero ...................................................................................................................................................................................P24Practical steps to stop psyllids ............................................................................................................................................................................P25Energy and earthquakes ................................................................................................................................................................................ P26-27Weather by the moon ............................................................................................................................................................................................P28

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Concrete your farm NOW to save you money later

ASHBURTON CONTRACTING LTDPhone 307 8303, Dobson Street West, Ashburton

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Concrete pathways will reduce mud and dust in your sheds and on your vehicles, and will reduce the possibility of lame stock.Concrete silage pits are durable, and will stand the test of time through harsh weather conditions. Concrete floors in your sheds will provide a clean, solid work space, easy to keep clean. Dairy Laneways provide safe areas to move your stock, considerably reducing maintenance costs over traditional laneways.We’re available for all jobs big and small, whether you need a base for a pivot irrigator, or have some post holes that need filling, an effluent pond that needs lining or a shed floor to pour, our experienced drivers will make it an effortless experience, and will go the extra mile to make sure you have a quality concrete experience, each and every load.

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• Temuka

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Anxious time for apiaristsLance Isbister, Ashburton Guardian rural reporter

Mid Canterbury apiarists are facing a tough season ahead with

September’s wet weather keeping bees from gathering pollen and biosecurity concerns as they start queening.

Midlands Apiaries apiarist John Syme said he was concerned by the Government’s free trade policy, which allowed the importation of Australian honey.Mr Syme said he was concerned about what he considers is the Government’s lax attitude to biosecurity with the threat European foulbrood posed through imported Australian honey, which could carry the disease. “I don’t understand the agriculture minister allowing this to happen. If pollination is wiped out here we are doomed.”

Mr Syme said he felt the pleas of apiarists attempting to protect pollination for the future had fallen on deaf ears. “The Government don’t give a damn about the industry.”

While imported honey can be heat treated for European foulbrood, Mr Syme said scientists were still divided as to whether heat treatment had any

impact on the disease.Mid Canterbury apiarists are in their second season of treating for the varroa parasite, which can have a devastating e� ect on hive numbers if not managed e� ectively. Varroa can also

weaken subsequent populations of honey bees as the parasite competes for the same royal jelly that developing bees feed on.Mr Syme said he was concerned by the combination of varroa and foulbrood, which could

have a severe impact on nature’s most e� cient pollinators, the honey bee. He said the � ow-on e� ects of bees not pollinating Mid Canterbury crops could cripple the arable industry which relied on pollination for crop reproduction.Varroa is a major cost to beekeepers in terms of the extra

labour needed for applying the treatment.

Mid Canterbury apiarists are preparing many of their hives which need new and more fertile queen bees that are typically replaced in hives every one or two years.

Ashburton Apiaries Geo� Bongard has the age of his queens well documented so he knows which of the 1400 hives need to be replaced.

Mr Bongard said it had been a di� cult spring so far with the wet, dull weather, which kept the bees from � ying to collect pollen. “Spring time is the most crucial time for us. Everything is geared to increasing the hive numbers.”

To raise a queen, worker bees select a larva and feed it exclusively on royal jelly, a protein-rich secretion produced from glands in the heads of worker bees, which enables a normal worker bee larva to develop into a sexually mature female. When the queen becomes fertile she will mate with between 12 and 15 drones and, if well fed and mated, she can lay up to 2000 eggs.

PHOTO SARAH CHAMBERLAIN 211209-SC-148

The size difference between a queen and a worker bee – the queen bee’s abdomen is much longer than those of worker and drone bees.

RIGHT: Bees gathering nectar ... and pollinating a farmer’s crop at the same time.


Opportunities from misfortune

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The fall-out from a number of recent events has added to a time of instability – both � guratively and literally.

Last month’s earthquake, the previous month’s collapse of South Canterbury Finance and a general feeling of uncertainty surrounding traditional beef and sheep farming pro� tability, have left many feeling they are on shaky � nancial ground.

The economic impact of these events has the potential to create or add to the current environment, in both negative and positive ways.

One obvious plus following the Canterbury earthquake is the building boom which has to occur after the destruction caused by a natural disaster. This should in turn, also inject some con� dence into the local economy through the creation of employment opportunities and a renewed interest in consumer spending.

Locally on the rural scene, it is a little more di� cult to see the bene� ts from the earthquake. Instead many farmers will be counting the cost of damage sustained to their land, property and plant.

Most of us are feeling very fortunate to have come through this event relatively unscathed, although it may still be too early to tell the full e� ect of the earthquake and the aftershocks – especially on our water-ways both above and below the ground.

It is normal for disturbances and changes to water-ways to occur following an earthquake, and last month’s event was no exception. New springs have appeared, some well levels have risen and many rural people have experienced turbidity and sediment issues in their water.

Environment Canterbury is monitoring damaged domestic and irrigation water bores, and septic tanks and has also taken a pragmatic stance on the way it handles the problems which have arisen.

Farmers relying on these facilities have been given the ok to get the necessary work done as long as they follow some simple guidelines and keep the regional council up to date with work records. Environment Canterbury plans to catch up on the paperwork at a later date.

Locally farmers will want to check out their irrigation systems to make sure all is well under the ground and that the landscape above ground hasn’t changed too much and created any obstacles for travelling irrigators.

Neal Shaw, Acting ATS Chief Executive

Fortunately the wet winter and spring has meant there hasn’t been too much pressure to irrigate early this year, providing farmers with time to fully assess their situations.

There’s usually an up side or a silver lining to be found in a bad situation, but I’m not sure the same can be said regarding the collapse and subsequent receivership of South Canterbury Finance in August.

It has created a number of questions in our community. Are some properties and farming enterprises going to get through this? Can they get the � nance they need to pay their bills? Does this mean that businesses like ATS will have to become extra vigilant with regards to credit?

The � ow-on e� ect of this comes at a time when the banks have already tightened their lending criteria signi� cantly.

We are starting to see some grain movement and that will help some farmers to free up their cash� ow, but others are going to have to rely on seasonal � nance to see them through – and that’s the sort of � nancing South Canterbury Finance provided in the past.

It doesn’t look as though South Canterbury Finance will be an option for this sort of funding

anymore which could be bad news for some members of our farming community.

South Canterbury Finance was an institution founded on rural lending and it had a genuine understanding of the rural community. The same can’t be said for the majority of today’s lending institutions.

This potential loss of � nancial support for our rural sector comes at a time when predictions are the average sheep and beef farm’s pre-tax pro� t will drop by � ve per cent in the coming year to $54,000. And according to Beef + Lamb NZ economists, that’s only if the exchange rate falls. If the US dollar remains around 72c then the loss in pro� t will be signi� cantly greater – down to $34,000.

This means it is even more important for all of the players in the meat industry to work together to strengthen the supply chain.

Many sectors within the agricultural industry are working hard to improve the quality of their respective products,

and on the farm, farmers have had to make a heavy and strong commitment to their chosen operation whether it is dairying, crop, vegetables, sheep or beef.

This has been made even more challenging following the e� ect property revaluations have had, especially in the residential market. The rural sector will not escape as it has been widely known that some of the numbers have not been stacking up in

regard to production and the price paid for the land – hence the conversions to dairying.

While many have been disadvantaged as a result of the earthquake, the lack of equity following the collapse of South Canterbury Finance, and poor returns at the farm gate, there will be opportunities for those who are able to make good from a bad situation.

It may take time and the positives may come in unexpected ways but it is human nature for someone’s misfortune to become someone else’s opportunity and it will be interesting to see what eventuates.


ASHBURTON

South Street, Ashburton PHONE (03) 308-3147

Email [email protected] FREEPHONE 0800 452 522

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Water WhisperingsTony Davoren, Hydroservices

We are near enough to the spring equinox when the earth’s axis is vertical

– it is inclined neither toward nor away from the sun. It is that time of the growing season when it all starts to happen. It is also the time when we can experience equinoctial winds – the dreaded NorWester.

This month it would be all too easy to write about the earthquake(s) and what e� ect that has had on groundwater or irrigation systems. But I will not other than to say that while we know the aquifer system has had a pretty good shake up it will be some time before it settles enough to know what the long-term e� ect might be. Sure the wells were rusty, dirty and some still milky – but hey, what do you expect when the land has been shunted upward and sideways by several metres. The longer-term e� ects I feel are still to be seen – it is the mainline (and especially � brolite mainline) that has yet to show its full degree of damage. Until we stop getting these damned 4.5+ shakes the ground will have a di� cult job to settle down.

Let’s get back to the equinox.

It occurs twice a year and is characterised everywhere by night and day being approximately equally long. This extra sunlight (solar radiation) clashes with the left-over cold from winter and often results in our stormiest and windiest weather. How true that is at present. This windy weather is likely for the next four to six weeks, so October is typically stormy and windy. To add to all of this there is another phenomenon this year – the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Just when you thought you had your head around the causes

like La Nina, El Nino etc, etc here comes SAM. It’s worth a look at http://www.niwa.co.nz/news-and-publications/publications/all/wa/14-2/sam because this year this little beasty was in its negative phase, persisted for much longer than normal, and has � red o� some nasty storms from the southern ocean.

So the equinox, more than anything, heralds for us the onset of the irrigation season. But before you hastily rush out and start up the irrigator because you might be lacking growth there are a couple of other overriding

in� uences you must consider.

I know this will sound like a broken record, but when we see irrigation going in Mid-Canterbury at the end of September one has to wonder why? Is it because:It should be time to start?; orBecause the neighbour has started?; orWe have had three to four days of NW?; orBecause things should be growing and they are not?; orAll those reasons.

I am sure it is none of those.

Why? - because as usual we have measured a few things like the soil moisture and soil temperature. Neither of these key in� uences of growth is in the right “alignment” for irrigation to be required. On the 24th of September soil temperature peaked (compared earlier in the week) at 9.6°C at 4pm – it took until 4pm to reach 9.6°C which means the soil temperature was below the optimum temperature for growth to occur of 10°C for the entire day.

That day the soil moisture was 5-8mm below the full point in the top 300mm of soil. So it has taken just over a week to fall from the full point to have a de� cit of 8mm. Primary school arithmetic (division) calculates the daily water use as about 1mm/day.

It could be that what I was told back in the early eighties when we started monitoring soil moisture – “no need to irrigate till after the Leeston Show” – might just be right this year. Without rain I am picking we will be into it during the second week of October.


ASHBURTON

South Street, Ashburton PHONE (03) 308-3147

Email [email protected] FREEPHONE 0800 452 522

Full range of engineering supplies &accessories for all your repairs andmaintenance

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Ashburton Monitor Farm

Final Public Field DayWednesday 13 October 2010

1.00pm startProperty of Roger & Jude Henderson,

Lyndhurst Road, AshburtonGuest Speaker

Pita Alexander – farm accountant ‘Profit is a decision – your decision’

Topics• How have we lifted lamb weaning weights while lifting lambing?

• Fodder Beet winterfeed crop – was it really better than Kale?

• Outcome of moving from borderdyke to pivot irrigation

Contact: Facilitator Phil Everest 027 432 3965

After a few years doing endurance riding I was not completely satis� ed with the

way our horses were performing. Don’t get me wrong – they were doing OK but I felt they could do way better. We seemed to have excessive sweating in our horses and on the whole they were unable to consume the recommended amount of processed feed.

We had to top up the vitamins and minerals to make sure the horses were getting the right amount and we found that through blood tests things were out of balance.

This resulted in us having issues with temperament as well as other problems including tying-up.It was decided to go back to the basics and feed raw grains and add our own choice of supplements.

At this stage I was introduced to Premium New Zealand – Horse Minerals, Alleviate, Alleviate C and Tox-Defy.

For the past two seasons we have been using a combination of the above with oats being our main source of energy plus peas and corn added along with cha� . We have had amazing results.

Several blood tests throughout the season have been perfect. Not only that but the horses require less bulk to get better performance and they have only limited access to pasture which is mainly old native grasses.

Last season I campaigned three horses in the open division in endurance as well as a couple of novice horses. We had three of the fastest pulsing horses in the country and we attribute this to their diet more than anything else.

There was very tough qualifying criteria for the World Equestrian Games to be held in Kentucky in September and I was able to meet the standard with two of our horses. I was lucky enough to be chosen to represent New Zealand at these games riding my 11year old Anglo Arab Twynham El Omar.

I would like to thank Jenny and the team at ProVide It for all their advice and support and for supplying our requirements for our journey.

My aim is to get inside the top 20 at the games and I am sure that all the preparation that we have done all is on target. I hope to do the 160km ride in 8 hours or less, which equates to an average speed throughout the ride of 20km/per hour.

Getting Alison and Omar to Kentucky Jenny Paterson, B.Sc

Alison Higgins putting Twynham Omar through his paces.


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A is for Auckland – also for ArroganceWhen the painful

pregnancy of Auckland SuperCity reaches its inevitable climax on November 1 with the swearing in of the mayor and 21 councillors, so begins a whole new chapter of Local Government in New Zealand.

With a population of 1.4 million to service, this becomes the largest local governance unit in Australasia. (Brisbane services 650,000 persons) An annual budget of $3.2 billion, 21 Local Boards to input into decision making, certainly provides a challenge to the elected representatives. Government also plans to spend $18 billion in Supercity next year. As a strong advocate for democracy the most concerning aspect of the structure is the fact that 75% of the budget will be spent by council controlled organisations e.g. water boards etc. The membership of these boards will be made up of appointees (presumably by council), meaning they come from outside the democratic process. I believe this is a dangerous trend.

To be told the SuperCity Mayor will have the second most important role in the country is arrogant nonsense and adds insult to injury.

No one denies that Auckland has serious transport issues, most of them longstanding and self imposed.

I’m of the view they are the result of successive members of the seven (soon to be amalgamated) councils being completely unable to operate collectively, co-operatively or in a collaborative manner over many years.

Frequent visits to Auckland watching thousands of driver only vehicles enter and exit the city via the Harbour Bridge emphasises the lack of co-ordination of tra� c.I’m unsure that a change of governance structure will achieve the desired result. Maybe it’s time for regulation, or dare I mention, a return to tolls.Big is seldom beautiful in my view, I much prefer e� cient.Local Bodies throughout New Zealand will be watching with interest.

While at the Local Government Conference in Auckland in July, I was fortunate to be part of a technical tour of the upgrading of Eden Park for Rugby World Cup 2011.

A quarter billion dollar project with stadium seating for 50,000, with a further 12,000 temporary seats available for the World Cup, to be replaced under resource consent by permanent noise barriers after the � nal.Predictions are that 65,000

overseas visitors are expected in New Zealand for the event with Auckland peaking at 40,000.With street parking banned within a signi� cant radius of Eden Park and only two hundred on-site car parks, there lies a clear message: walk, use public transport or don’t bother. Millions of dollars have been spent on new railway rolling stock, lines, stations, walkways, bus lanes etc. etc. all driven by the staging of the Rugby World Cup.

Auckland’s vision of RWC 2011 as a landmark global event to showcase identity and community spirit is laudable, with a series of Tight Five Legacy Goals to deliver those outcomes.However when Legacy Goal four was explained as making public transport a habit for Aucklanders, it really raised my hackles.

No trouble with the qoal itself – it should have happened years ago – and but for dysfunctional local government probably would have happened.

The sting was in the tour hosts (City Council O� cial) comment “RWC has provided a wonderful opportunity to get all New

Zealand tax payers to contribute fully to Auckland’s transportation woes.”

That really hurt.In the rest of New Zealand local roading costs are deemed to be a signi� cant ratepayer responsibility.The immediate challenge from rural South Island members of the tour brought the retort “Don’t you realize Auckland’s transport problems adds � fty cents to the price of every loaf of bread in Invercargill,” rationale? No answer.

Mention that 65 percent of the country’s exports are derived from agricultural products drew a blank response. Perhaps they are grown in the SuperCity!Mention that Ashburton District can’t qualify for any subsidy on new road sealing and only 47percent for maintenance, was treated in the same way, and when a Far North councillor stated that only 25 percent of their roads are sealed, the subject was rapidly changed.There’s no counter to that level of endemic arrogance!Perhaps RWC means Ripped-o� Without Conscience in respect of the New Zealand tax payer.

Big is seldom beautiful ...


IRRIGATION & DOMESTIC WELLS, AQUIFER TESTING, ELECTRONIC WELL MONITORING, WATER QUALITY TESTING

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Ph: 03 324 2571www.drilling.co.nz

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Acknowledged rugby (sports) fan that I am, I believe the importance of Rugby World Cup 2011 is vastly overstated. Yes, it will be great to have some international stadiums in our major cities – and they may bring more international events to our shores. This will only happen if attendance costs are at a level a� ordable to the majority.Mayoral hopeful, John Banks has already mentioned World Cup Cricket and other international events. Surely it was a moment of senility when he mentioned the Summer Olympics. Doesn’t power do strange things to some people?

With cricket now joining the long list of professional sports (cycling, athletics, swimming, weightlifting etc.) living with the mantra of drug cheats or match � xing, who would want to be associated? Very di� cult to explain to a young child that the role model or sports hero that they most look up to is nothing but a blatant cheat.From October 30 to November

7 the World Rowing Championships will be raced on Lake Karapiro in the Waikato.A truly international sport with entries expected from over 50 countries. An Olympic sport for generations. A sport that gives equal status to women’s events,

and one where we don’t have to wait a generation to produce a world champion.Government’s investment is this event totals $1.5 million I am told – a far cry from the billion plus being spent on rugby stadiums, party Centres, transport

upgrades, support structures and the like.

A comparison of cost of attendance at rugby and rowing world championship � nals makes interesting reading. The most expensive grandstand seats

to watch all twenty seven rowing � nals over three consecutive days total $210. For this you can expect 3 hours of actual racing. An added bonus is viewing 17 second tier “B” � nals.With Rugby World Cup � nals, tickets from cheapest of $399 ranging up to $1278 each for the best seats, for a total match playing time of little over an hour (allowing for dead ball time). On a value for money basis it’s a no contest.

Despite an expected $276 million boost to the economy, government freely admits the actual staging of the tournament will run at a signi� cant loss.Remind me, which country had the only undefeated team at the recent World Football Cup in South Africa? – wasn’t it New Zealand?

Yes rugby as a sport is hugely overrated, and so in my opinion is Auckland as a base for New Zealand’s economy.SuperCity? Watch this space.

Page 12 GUARDIAN FARMING GUARDIAN FARMING Page 13

One calldoes it all...

Stock yard and Dairy conversion specialists Also experienced in:• Urban and rural fencing • Deer fencing • Entrance ways• Horse paddocks • Water systems • Fencing maintenance and repairs

2 tonne digger now available for your requirements with a qualifi ed operator.For competitive commercial and general fencing materials phone our timber yard on 0274 208 367For the job done right, fi rst time, every time with our customer satisfaction guaranteeCall Andrew Whyte at Whyte contracting for a no obligation quote... One call does it all 0274 208 367

In 2005, with the establishment of many lifestyle and dairy developments throughout the region, Andrew Whyte saw the need for fencing solutions to suit. He subsequently established Whyte Contracting, specialising in all types of fencing on many di� erent

types of terrain; providing an e� cient quality service using specialty machinery and technical team work.

Andrew and his father Vernon understand the habits and movement of stock, and this experience enables them to provide the best possible fencing outcome to ensure that both stock and people needs are met. The design and construction of stock yards for various animals is an integral part of the business as is the overall fencing layout on a property.

Whyte Contracting Ltd specialises in farm layouts for new conversions, to make things easier on people starting their farm.

They can recommend the location and organise the construction of dairy lanes and underpasses, recommend

the best position of the dairy shed and irrigators, and construct fencing and gates to e� ciently handle stock.

They have built their business up one fence at a time. Expert workmanship, competitive prices, and the highest quality workmanship and service—that’s their practice for providing the best fences in Mid Canterbury. A quality fence adds value to a home or business. To create a stunning entrance and boundary to your home or farm, Whyte Contracting Ltd can design and install a fence that will enhance your property.

They strive to work within your budget and within your timeframe. They can construct anything from a concrete patio area, to pool fences, or a new pathway, just ask and they will create a plan to transform your outdoor living area. They also believe in being tidy Kiwis. As much as they take pride in their quality, they also take pride in leaving a job site as they found it on arrival. Neat, tidy and undisturbed. Your experience with them should be a stress-free and enjoyable one.

At Whyte Contracting Ltd, they believe that all customers deserve a voice. They listen to your needs and concerns and design a fencing solution that works for you. There’s no such thing as a “one size � ts all” fence. They listen carefully to determine what’s important to you: security, beauty, durability, sustainability, maintenance, and so on. They will come up with a high quality fence solution that satis� es your needs and conforms to any applicable regulations.They operate modern equipment, ensuring the job is done e� ciently, and to the best standard. They have New Holland tractors, a Taege post driver, Cat digger and various agricultural gear, for a full cultivation service.

The special feature that Whyte Contracting Ltd o� er, is a guarantee on workmanship. So you can be con� dent that your investment will stand as long as you do.

They also operate a fencing supplies yard. If you are considering constructing your own fence, or repairing a fence, Whyte Contracting Ltd can o� er competitive prices on your materials.

In 2005, with the establishment of many lifestyle and the best position of the dairy shed and irrigators, and At Whyte Contracting Ltd, they believe that all customers

where ONE CALL does it all290910-KG-076

CONTRACTING

One call does it all

Ashburton Guardian Advertising Feature


Customers say ours are the only hoses and fittings that last!

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(Locally owned and operated)For all your hydraulic requirements

24 hour - 7 day service

Paul Fergus39 Robinson Street AshburtonPhone 308 [email protected]

Gates quality hydraulic hose• Hydraulic fittings and • couplingsTested to international DIN and SAE standards

Hydraulic oil and filters• Hydraulic pumps and valves• Hydraulic motors and rams• Hydraulic system design • and serviceFaster multi-couplers and • quick release couplings

“Proud to support Whyte Contracting”

“ I’ve known Andrew from Whyte Contracting for 6 or so years now.

When I heard an editorial being written about his business, I had no hesitation to show him my support. Whyte Contracting built the main conversion around my farm a few years ago.

As the job was done perfectly and I was very satisfied with his work, I have since always contracted Andrew for any fence jobs.

He’s actually working on the entrance ways of my farm at the moment. I recommend Whyte Contracting to anybody that needs a strong quality fence and wish Andrew and Whyte Contracting all the best for the future.”

Todd Smyth, owner operator

Kent Bishop Operation Manager Mobile: 027 247 1213 - Office 03 303 7690

Numerous varieties of rural fencing are available. Each style can be modi� ed to cater to your speci� c needs. They also operate laser alignment for fencing, ensuring a higher level of accuracy.

Electric wires Electric fences can increase the functionality of the fence and make them more stock proof, eg outriggers can be used on post and rail fencing to keep stock apart. Electric wire systems can be added to new or existing fence lines. Our team can also assess your existing electric fences and repair if possible and/or replace.

Post drivingIn some cases you may only need to have the post driven and you are able to complete the project yourself. Our team have driven posts for all types of rural fencing, retaining walls, residential style fencing, tree surrounds, and shade houses. We have excellent equipment which is a very e� cient method of installation.

Pivot irrigator fencingExpert knowledge is required for the construction of specialised fences for centre pivot and lateral irrigators, to make sure they remain up-right to keep your farm running 100%.Things that need to be thought about are: – angles of fences

– centre pivot crossings– water trough placement – gateways – power for fences

Water systems They can supply and � t water systems for your up-and-coming project, including advice as to where they are placed to � t in with fences and irrigation systems.

Stockyard systemsWe specialise in all types of stockyard systems, including deer yards, cattle yards and sheep yards. With a wide knowledge of new and e� ective systems, we can plan your stockyard to ensure the day to day handling of your stock is easy and e� cient. We advise on the location and layout of your new stockyards, and will advise the plan that best suits your requirements, land area and budget.

Farm layoutFarm layout is important to know where you are heading before you start doing any development. Sometimes a second opinion can help pick up faults before the job is started.

Rural fencingand services

Urban fencing and services

With the big increase of small holdings, Whyte Contracting Ltd has found a big demand for doing one-o� specialised projects.

Entrance waysThey can design you a unique entrance way to your property to suite your style required.

Landscaping improvements

Whyte Contracting Ltd can o� er all types of landscaping improvements, from concrete and tile placement, to pool fences. With our small digger we can do any type of landscaping work required.

Horse fencingRequires a special layout and specialised materials, that can be discussed on sight with you, to ensure a professional and functional � nish.

Section fencing With a number of di� erent styles and materials available today, Whyte Contracting Ltd can design and construct a unique design for your needs.

Andrew Whyte constructing a stock yard.

290910-KG

-108



Page 14 GUARDIAN FARMING GUARDIAN FARMING Page 15

A job done right, needsthe right equipment

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This commercial chainsaw provides power and performance for heavy-duty farming and commercial applications. Ideal for logging and firewood cutting.

MS 361

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applications.

This economical model also has lower main-tenance levels

MS 391

Hubbards JVI Ltd

Engineering Maintenance LtdBremners Road, Ashburton

Ph 03 307 6412 - Mobile 0274 333 700

Are you looking for a steel suppliers?

• Flats • Angles • Beams • RHS • Plate • Pipe • Assorted bolts and screw packs

Off cuts and cut to length available!Call EML for your custom engineering and your

prototype work!

“At EML, we are proud to be supportive to the Whyte contracting team!”

Largest Range of Top Quality Engineering Supplies in Ashburton• Air tools • Bearings and seals • Chain and Sprockets

• Drills, Taps and Dies • Hand Tools • Lubricants • Nuts and Bolts• Power Tools • Sealants • Trailer Equipment • V Belts & Pulleys

• Welding ProductsLocal distributor of Total Oil and Lubricants

meet the

Whyte team

Andrew owns Whyte Contracting Ltd, and oversees all of the workmanship quality to make sure each job is completed to a high standard. His specialty is in the crafting of entrance ways, landscape presentation and the planning and construction of stockyards, also keeping the timber yard well stocked.

Vernon owns his own farm, and through extensive rural knowledge, has a broad horizon view on managing stock movement and designing farm layouts. Vernon manages the post driver crew, as he has specialty experience with the post driving machinery.

Andrew looks after the wirework on the fencing jobs and oversees the fencing crew. He has more than six years in the fencing industry and has a reputation for neat and tidy work.

Isaac operates the post driver, and has more than seven years in the fencing industry. He has wide experience in both urban and rural fencing.

Ricky is a skilled operator of their digger. He has a reputation for being able to maneuver in the tightest of locations, digging to assist in fence and water system construction.

Brodie works part-time, when he’s not at university. Brodie is their general handyman, assisting in all areas of the business.

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Largest Range of Top Quality Engineering Supplies in Ashburton• Air tools • Bearings and seals • Chain and Sprockets

• Drills, Taps and Dies • Hand Tools • Lubricants • Nuts and Bolts• Power Tools • Sealants • Trailer Equipment • V Belts & Pulleys

• Welding ProductsLocal distributor of Total Oil and Lubricants

Let’s be proactive about plastic

Almost all the marine pollution in the world is composed of plastic

materials, and scientists now estimate that at least a million seabirds and 100,000 marine mammals and sea turtles die every year when they become entangled in plastic pollution or ingest it.

According to Project AWARE, 15 billion pounds of plastics are produced annually in the US alone but only one billion pounds is recycled. In the UK it is estimated that in excess of 38 billion plastic bottles end up in land� ll, and although plastic bottles are 100 percent recyclable, on average only 20 percent are actually recycled.Whilst steps are slowly being taken by manufacturers to use packaging made from a cellulose-based plastic that will biodegrade in a compost heap there are other environmental e� ects from growing crops for packaging rather than food.

Meanwhile the plastic pollution in the world’s oceans continues to grow...

In a bid to raise greater awareness of marine pollution, environmentalist David de

Rothschild and his intrepid crew set sail on the Plastiki, a unique 60-foot catamaran engineered from approximately 12,500 reclaimed plastic bottles. They sailed more than 11,000 nautical miles, from San Fransisco to Sydney, to draw attention to the colossal amounts of plastic debris in our oceans and are hoping that by showcasing ‘waste’ as a potential resource through the design and construction of their vessel,

they will inspire other designers, manufacturers and recyclers to treat more seriously the threat that plastic is having on the natural world.

The Plastiki idea was inspired by the principles of ‘cradle-to-cradle’ design and biomimicry before the craft was designed and assembled by a talented team from the � elds of marine science, sustainable design, boat building, architecture and

materials science. The plastic bottles from which the Plastiki is made provide 68% of the boat’s buoyancy. The mast is a reclaimed aluminium irrigation pipe and the sail is handmade from recycled PET cloth. The secondary bonding is reinforced using new organic glue made from cashew nuts and sugar cane.

Meanwhile pioneering scientists and environmental activists are

looking at ways of dredging the gyres in the North and South Paci� c in an e� ort to clean up the plastic mess we have created – however, none of these ventures has been successful.

So it is up to us all to be more environmentally responsible with the plastic wrapping and products we use and ensure they are reused and recycled – thus caring for the wider environment.

I look forward to working with Mastagard in the Ashburton District from October 2010 with the ultimate aim to see all of our plastic � lm including agricultural plastics collected, washed, granulated and reprocessed right here in Canterbury.

This will provide a sustainable stream of raw materials for NZ plastic manufacturing companies to produce the pipe and other plastic products we use from locally sourced recovered materials in addition to reducing pollution.

For more information see www.mastagard.co.nz

To watch a video on the Plastiki see www.plastiki.com

Sheryl StivensSheryl StivensSheryl StivensSheryl Stivens

The Plastiki, made from 12,500 plastic bottles, at anchor in Sydney Harbour.

GUARDIAN FARMING Page 17Page 16 GUARDIAN FARMING

0800 FEED 4 U (0800 333 348) www.advancedfeed.co.nz

Breakthough feed supplement introducing PK+

PK+ Palm Kernel with the added benefit of CMS Palm Kernel a low fiber nutritional alternative to grain based feed with CMS condensed Molesses soluble, high protein with better palatability.

For a free sample or more information please phonePeter Westaway Ph 0272 998 136email [email protected] Leadley Ph 0274 947 848email [email protected]

Exciting breakthrough with Palm KernelGardner Smith NZ Ltd, are proud to introduce a new dairy feed to New Zealand - PK+, a Palm Kernel based blend with the added benefits of CMS (condensed molasses solubles). Compared to Palm Kernel Meal, PK+ is a breakthrough designed to provide higher levels of protein and improved palatability, while containing lower fiber levels.

The addition of CMS, a byproduct from the manufacture of molasses, enhances the feed value by increasing the protein level, decreasing the fiber level and enhancing the palatability.

This makes PK + a much closer replacement for grass than straight Palm Kernel with a protein of 22% (Palm kernel 17%) and a fiber level of 55% (palm kernel 67%)

The lower fiber content ensures livestock retain a healthy appetite for grass or other nutrient rich sources of feed. These higher protein levels help ensure healthy well conditioned livestock especially in times of slow grass growth.

Supplementary feeding holds many benefits and should be common practice on successful dairy farms. PK+ fits into the NZ Dairy feed market as the ideal supplement for grass when required grass growth rates are low. This makes PK + the ideal grass replacer and is suitable for feeding all year round.

PK+ can also be blended with rolled grains and mineral supplements to provide a complete mixed ration, with Advanced Feed having a leading edge computer controlled feed manufacturing facility, where custom feeds can be made to order

A number of customers are using a load or two of PK+ now, seeing how effectively it works on their farm, before committing to supply for the main supplementary feeding period through late summer and autumn.

A feed low in fiber, high in protein, with improved palatability can maximize the total output and improve the overall productivity of your herd. PK+ is a breakthrough feed supplement and is available through Advanced Feed.

Gardner Smith NZ Ltd has been involved in the animal feeds industry in New Zealand for many years. Advanced Feed is the key distributor of PK+, and assisted in trials and testing of the product.

Contact Advanced Feed today for more information.

Achieve high levels of productivity from your existing herd with PK+

Richard Lee, Gardner Smith NZ Ltd and Peter Westaway, Advanced Feed, with bag of PK+

Assuming that fertility and improved grass varieties are being

used, the major in� uences on productivity and growth of most New Zealand pastures are drought and insect pests. Drought can be overcome by irrigation but insect pests which can have devastating e� ects are not so easy to control. On a nationwide basis the two most important pasture insect pests are Argentine stem weevil and grass grub, and Argentine stem weevil is widely considered the most important insect pest (Prestidge et. al., 1991). In some regions black beetle and porina are important and in localized areas mealy bug is present but historically has not been considered serious problem in pasture (Pennell & Ball 1999). Recently root aphid has been implicated in yield losses in pure ryegrass swards (Popay et. al., 1999).

In the past the use of grasses containing feral or wild type endophytes unwittingly controlled many pasture damaging insects. The discovery of the relationship

between endophyte and ryegrass staggers by Lester Fletcher and Ian Harvey resulted initially in the use of endophyte free grasses. It was quickly discovered, however, that endophyte is a very important component of ryegrass that has evolved with the grass over millions of years to protect the grass from the ravage of pests both insect and mammalian. Their work showed that the absence of endophyte could lead to very signi� cant pasture losses when under

pressure from pests such as Argentine stem weevil and a new approach was required. The new approach looked to retain the insect toxins in endophyte-containing grasses while eliminating animal toxins.

The enormous e� ort that has been put into research on so-called toxin free endophytes in temperate grasses in the last 20-30 years is now available to agriculture in this country and is unquestionably of great value

to farmers and a great return on the research e� ort. The commercial availability of AR1, AR5, AR37, MaxQ and NEA2 in improved grasses is the visible evidence of the success of this research e� ort.

The main objective of endophyte research in this country has been to � nd endophytes that o� er improved animal performance and eliminate the deleterious e� ects of some of the endophyte produced toxins such as

ryegrass staggers, lower milk production, lower reproduction, poor live weight gain etc. At the same time the bene� ts of the presence of endophyte in the plant need to be retained. These bene� ts include resistance/tolerance to a range of insect pests but may also include better drought and stress tolerance. Each of the endophytes listed above o� er improved animal performance when present in modern cultivars.

The absence of lolitrems and ergovaline the main agents of problems with wildtype endophyte led to the release of AR1 which is now available in many ryegrass cultivars. AR1 does not cause any endophyte related animal problems, and contains peramine which o� ers resistance to many pasture insect pests particularly Argentine stem weevil. In vast areas of the country AR1 when inserted into good ryegrasses should be the � rst choice endophyte. In some areas where black beetle or porina are problems AR37 maybe a better choice.

Improved grasses need improved endophytes


Healthy SoilsHealthy Soils Biological Farming Consultant

Donald Hart 0274320187

Also to optimise fertiliser and nutrient availability is increased with all essential soil nutrients, not just NPK, with

balanced solid mineral programs and specific liquid bio stimulants and microbial food.

Including - a comprehensive SOIL or PLANT SAP test analysis, interpretation and

recommendation.

“We can not solve the problems of today using the same thinking that we used to create them”. Albert Einstein.

HEALTHY SOILS principal objective is to offer a range of products and services that can restore the MINERAL and

MICROBIAL balance in the soil, thereby reducing the need for high analysis fertilisers and chemicals.

I am passionate about soils, more particularly getting maximum performance from soils, fertilisers and nutrients.

Our aim is to maximise the efficiency of fertilisers and get sustainable production from soils, whilst building nutrient values.

We are not scientists, but our programme is made or done to the principles of Science.

Our clients are excited about their results, whilst they may be deemed to be anecdotal they all can be substantiated by proven recording systems.

We see soil nutrient Base Saturations percentages rising, though a soil test.

Increased pasture production (kgs DM per ha) and higher Brick levels (a measurement of dissolved sugars) in pasture.

Animal health issues, clients report lower somatic cell counts (down from 133-135 to 74 and 76 respectively),higher milk protein and increased body weight of cows.

Major reduction in applied Nitrogen, reduced fungicides and insecticides in crops and winter feed.ITS NOT ABOUT NOT APPLYING FERTILISERS,ITS ALL ABOUT APPLYING THE CORRECT FERTILISER TO CREATE ENERGY IN THE SOIL, RIGHT THOUGHOUT THE GROWING YEAR.

We see many fertiliser programs that supply a temporary boost after applications then fade away. THE PLANT FEEDS EVERY DAY. So it is necessary to have a fertiliser programme that provides that energy in the soil, for the plant needs every day, not just at application.

By the way, if you answered yes to the three questions at top, that’s great.

If your answer was no, we know we can help you with an Economic, Sustainable Fertiliser Programme to get those results. BALANCE SOIL NUTRIENTS - FEED THE BIOLOGY.

PHOSPHATE. Guano - 11.5 % Phosphorus. A fossilised seabird phosphate. Citrate soluble and slow release phosphate with Ca Silica, and trace elements all available (insoluble but available)PHOSPHATE. Life Phos – 11.85% Phosphorus. A prilled rock phosphate with microbes, fish and seaweed.HUMATE. A carbon source to improve fertilizer efficiency and nutrient release. Humate powder, Humic liquid, Fulvic Liquid, Carbohydrates.MYCORRHIZAE. BIO SOL VAM (Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae) Fungi.All seed should be sown with these amazing microbes, only requires 2kg per tonne of seed. The mycorrhizal fungi attach themselves to plant roots sequestering moisture and nutrients. They can unlock, retrieve and transport phosphorous. Free up copper, calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron. Also they are the frontline defense against soil borne diseases and pathogens.SOIL AND BIOLOGICAL NATURAL STIMULANTS. Liquid fish fertilizer, compost liquid extract, stubble digesters, humic acid, fulvic acid, bio stimulants, seaweed and microbial foods, fertigation.ANIMAL PROBIOTIC AND NUTRITION SUPPLEMENTSHEALTHY SOILS LIQUID FISH and the famous FOLIAFEED. Others have tried unsuccessfully to copy, but cannot even get close in terms of value and nutrients.

Some of the Healthy Soil products available

Check out the web site www.healthysoils.co.nz for more information on our products.

If you have an interest in Biological farming or wish to know more about our systemor information on our products please call Don Hart 0274 320 187

Are you satisfied with the performance of your fertiliser programme ?

ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF YOUR FERTILISER PROGRAMME ? IS IT DELIVERING THE RESULTS YOU EXPECTED?IS IT SUSTAINABLE AND ECONOMICLY MEETING YOUR GOALS?


For all your cartage requirements trust your local experts

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SPRAYING CROPS

Underlying New Zealand’s varied landscape is a mosaic of soils. The type

of soil, along with temperature and rainfall, determine how the land will be used for farming. But even inhospitable land can be developed with fertiliser to make it suitable for raising animals and crops.

Farmers, horticulturists and foresters all want their pastures, crops or trees to grow as fast as possible so that their business will be pro� table. On most soils, fertilisers of various types are needed to improve plant growth rates.

Without an e� cient fertiliser-spreading industry, New Zealand’s farming economy could not remain viable. This is especially so for hill-country farms, which rely on fertiliser being applied from the air (aerial topdressing).Fertiliser represents a major investment for farmers and in these days of tight margins we need to get the most out of it. There are a number of things that a farmer can do to get the

best value out of fertiliser. Doing it right can save money and improve results.In New Zealand over 2 million tonnes of fertiliser are applied annually to pastures, crops and forests by truck or tractor, or by � xed-wing or helicopter aircraft. About 40% is spread by aircraft onto steep hill-country pastures and production forestry land – the highest proportion in the world. Whereas most hill pastures receive fertiliser every one to three years, forests may be topdressed only at 10-year intervals.

Before you startConduct soil tests and, if necessary, conduct plant and animal tests. Plan ahead. Establish a long term programme for your property.

PlanDecide the purpose of fertiliser application and the results that you want. Do you want to maintain fertility, lift fertility, provide quick growth or improve animal health? Know the best times to apply the fertiliser on your property. Seek advice from

quali� ed people that can relate to you and your farm.

ChooseMatch the product with your nutrient requirement.

Using a quality fertiliser will let you know that what is on the label is in the bag. Make sure It has been independently audited.· Natural manureNutrients can be supplied by organic manure – the waste and residue of plant and animal life. The most common method is directly applying animal dung as a solid or slurry. It can also be applied in a liquid form. The nutrient content of natural manure varies widely.· Arti� cial fertiliserManufactured solid fertilisers usually have speci� c, relatively high, nutrient contents. These fertilisers are more e� cient to transport and apply than other forms. In New Zealand the most widely used fertiliser is superphosphate. It is made from imported rock phosphate that is treated with sulphuric acid to produce a white, granulated powder.

SpreadingUse an accredited operator. They know how to apply your fertiliser accurately and evenly. For example spreading fertiliser in waterways not only wastes money it can get you into trouble. The use of GPS can accurately map where the applications have been, resulting in less product needing to be used, and some spreaders have the ability to spread further than others, resulting in fewer runs over your paddocks. Aerial spraying has the advantage of being able to operate during the wet season, as sodden ground doesn’t a� ect their spreading ability, and it won’t damage your crops, wet or dry.A completely uniform spread is hard to achieve over a whole paddock. This is because the application rate (from both groundspreaders and aircraft) is usually highest directly behind the machine, and diminishes outwards on either side. This is called the swathe pattern, which is typically triangular. It is produced by the combined e� ects of the size of the fertiliser particles and the way they are discharged. It may also be a� ected by cross-winds.When fertiliser is applied, the

operator, farmer or pilot tries to partly overlap the previous swathe pattern with the next pass. This helps to compensate for the low rate at the edge of each swathe. Variation in the distance between successive passes can improve the uniformity of spread. However, as the distance reduces, the time taken to apply all the fertiliser will increase, and so will the cost of spreading.

When even spread is importantWhen a fast-acting fertiliser like nitrogen is used to get rapid grass growth over a short period. This is usually expensive and the farmer wants all the pasture to receive the right rate. In horticulture, where there may be frequent applications – three or four times on some crops. Uneven application can cause crop variability, which leads directly to lower returns. In large-scale forestry, particularly for high-value trees such as veneer or clear-wood logs. Fertiliser is typically applied at 10-year intervals, so there is no opportunity to counter or remedy uneven spread the next year.

Crop Investment – Fertilisation and Spreading

P16 NKc farmer tuesday, august 10, 2010

WINTER feeding programmes aim to do two things.

1. To get the cows off the milking platform for the winter to allow increases in pasture cover; and

2. To improve the body con-dition of cows.

However, in many cases body condition score (BCS) targets are not met and the consequences on the follow-ing year’s milk production and reproductive perform-ance can be significant.

Kale is a great feed source for increasing body condition in dairy cows.

Recent work by Agricom has highlighted three key as-pects of feeding kale which are essential if BCS targets are to be met.Diet formula

The winter kale allowance for dairy cows typically ranges from less than 4kgs up to 14 kg DM/cow/day.

This results in an intake of up to 12kg DM/cow/day.

There needs to be a clear distinction between allow-ance (the amount of for-age offered) and intake (the amount of forage actually eaten).

For example offering 10 kg/cow/day seldom results in an intake of more than 9kg/cow/day and is usually about 8kg/cow/day.

Diet formulation should take into account the required en-ergy to achieve the wintering outcomes and the cost per cow per day.

For example, an 8kg/cow/day allowance of kale with 2kg each of straw and hay should give a cow enough energy for a 0.5 BCS gain over 8 weeks.

If an increase of more than a full BCS is required, daily allowances of 14kg per cow may need to be offered.

In the majority of cases BCS targets are not being met because allowances are not sufficient to supply the energy required.Utilisation

For kale cultivars grouped as giant types, leaf and peti-ole accounted for 24% of the total DM yield with the bal-ance as stem.

For Sovereign kale, leaf and petiole accounted for 44% of total DM yield with the bal-ance in stem.

For all cultivars quality was highest in leaf compared with stem, and highest in the upper stem relative to the lower.

The quality of giant-type leaf material was similar to Sovereign leaf but stem qual-ity was poorer in each com-parable quarter.

This difference in stem quali-ty impacted on the predicted

diet quality. For example, cows eating

84% of Sovereign (leaving just the lower stem) would have a diet quality (12.0 MJ ME/kg DM) greater than an equivalent cow grazing 80% (leaving just the lower stem) of a giant type (11.0 MJ ME/kg DM) (Table 1).

The lower stem has very low quality, and is not rec-ommended to feed to dairy cows.

The implication of this qual-ity data is that utilisation will affect the quality of the diet.

As you eat more of the kale plant, metabolisable energy of the diet decreases be-cause the lower stems are of poor quality.

High rates of kale utilisation (greater than 90%) are gener-ally associated with low daily intakes, reduced diet quality, and reduced BCS gains.Allocation

Many farmers use a daily shifting programme, or twice daily (if wet conditions pre-vail).

A general recommendation is that kale crops are fed off along the longest face.

Be aware that on long graz-ing faces, especially on high-yielding crops, allocation is very sensitive to break width.

For example, on a 300m face with a 15 tonne DM crop,

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each 60cm reduction in break width represents a reduction of approximately 1kg DM /cow in allowance.

In general, allocation of kale appears to be less accurate.

In a recent survey* 2/3 of the dairy herds measured missed their kale intake by more than 1kg DM and some by more than 8kg DM/cow/day.

Low kale intakes, as a result of poor allocation, are likely to lead to cows not reaching their BCS target of 5 at calving, which has a significant impact on the a cow’s

milk production and reproductive performance.Key messages

Formulate your allocation and diet based on a plan – how much condition needs to put on over winter.

Optimise utilisation – eat the good stuff and leave the lower stem.

Allocate accurately – get the fence in the right place

*(Judson and Edwards, 2008, New Zealand Grasslands Association Proceeding. 70. 249-254


Kale aswinter feedQuality, Quantity and Flexibility

Improved kale utilisation can be achieved without feed quality loss.

Sovereign kale has been proven to have consistently high overall feed quality. A survey conducted in mid-winter* showed that stock eating Sovereign kale could eat more of the total plant than the giant types sampled, and still

keep the metabolisable energy (MJ ME/kg DM) over 12.

This high utilisation means that stock get to eat more of the crop grown while maintaining a high quality diet compared with leaving greater residuals on giant types for a high quality diet.

Canterbury farm manager Kelvin Ross sees no reason to

change from his “tried and true” Sovereign kale from Agricom that he grows on the 400 hectare dairy support block at Te Pirita.

“I trust it to put condition on stock and know I’ll get 90 per cent utilisation out of it, weather permitting,” he says.

Managing Darrochs Grazing, an intensive operation on the

north bank of the Rakaia River, wintering 3500 cows, Kelvin says he knows with Sovereign kale he will get “14 tonne year-in year-out”.

“There is very little wastage and we know it will put condition on, that is our whole aim.”

The increased overall quality and flexibility of Sovereign kale

can be put down to three things; relatively high leaf proportion, thin stems and late-flowering. The leaf of the kale plant has the highest quality and from the survey Sovereign kale averages 44% of its total yield in leaf.

It is sometimes suggested that utilisation of the kale leaf is low, but when you are measuring utilisation of 85-90%, which includes the stem butts, most of the leaf that ends up on the ground is eaten.

Many people are increasing the sowing rate of giant type kales in order to keep the stem size small to try and increase the quality of the kale later in the season.

This is not required when using Sovereign kale as the stem size stays relatively thin, even when sown at 4 kg/ha.

Sovereign kale is one of the latest flowering kales, therefore it can be grazed into early spring with few concerns.

The above three characteristics of Sovereign kale make it the ideal kale to sow if both quality and high yields are desirable.

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Winchmore update – SeptemberJohn Carson

Maybe September1 is recognized by most of us as the � rst day of

spring but as often mentioned in previous updates, Mother Nature has her own ideas and reasons as to when the seasons will start and end.

This one being no exception to her quirky ways, with an earthquake at the start of the month and severe snow in the south, rain storms and � ooding up north, it’s a safe bet that here in Mid Canterbury we have it pretty darn good. It hardly seems fair when our mates and colleagues in other places are going through such a tough time. The best we can do is to call them up and talk, listen and o� er what we can in the way of help and support.

Pasture growth has � nally started to kick in to the growth rates that we expect averaging 5 cm of growth for the month over the 2 sites that I measure. I suspect that most of that growth has occurred in the last 10 days.Rainfall at 31.6 mm is 20 mm behind the long term average while we are sitting on 14 frosts to date which was normal for September.

The soil temp got to 10.2 on the 13th and steadily declined to sit at 6.2 C on the 18th. Since then it is slowly climbing back up despite the 10 frosts, one of which was down to -5.6 C. The nice sunny days, in spite of the wind, that follow make life easier, both physically and mentally. Physically we are able

to get on with our lambing, docking, calving and tractor work. While mentally, the worries of weather holding up our ground preparation and animal production has not been a great issue as does happen some years.

To date, (September 27) my main mob of ewes have � nished

lambing and there are only 20 more days to go before the science ewes have � nished dropping their bundles of joy. Last year it was the main mob that had the great weather, this year the science lambs have had a really great start, apart from the 13.8 mm downpour on September 13 which sorted out

a few smaller lambs even though the temperatures were not that cold with a 7.7 C minimum.

I have done the costing for the science trial and maybe I didn’t charge them enough, as they have come back with three more trials they want to run here at Winchmore, which is really good to see our farm and facilities starting to be more utilised by them.

This farm has such an amazing history and being able to look back through some of the early newspaper clippings that someone had carefully pasted into journals shows the extent to which science has been involved in some quite “out there” projects.

Maybe some of them didn’t deliver the outcomes expected but they were still successful in determining what would and could work or what would obviously need further input or putting aside.

It’s good to see what has been before, even better to look ahead and focus on what we can do to contribute to the history of the properties we are caretakers for.

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With increasing expectancy for e� cient use of water, the need to make irrigation

pay has never been greater. Today e� cient irrigation is a requirement not an option.

Following a number of requests Irrigation NZ (INZ) will be on the road in October delivering a programme of information in workshops around the country that will help support communities in the development of quality irrigation and system management.

In recognising that irrigation in the drier areas of New Zealand is not insurance, but a necessary farm input, EECA has supported INZ with the development of the programme. The workshop delivery nationally has been made possible with the support of Agmardt and Fonterra.

While a necessary farm input, INZ acknowledges that water is a valuable resource with increasing competition for it. Constraints such as annual allocation limits are becoming tighter and performance level expectations are being raised. An e� cient irrigation system is one that is designed to be e� cient and is operated e� ciently. Design sets the platform for e� cient use. If a system is not designed

correctly it cannot be operated e� ciently.

From an irrigation design perspective the three things that irrigators, or prospective irrigators, need to be aware of are what a good design is, what poor design costs in terms of performance and what to look out for when operating the system.The key message is that appropriate

standards and performance levels have to be speci� ed at the design stage, and when a system is operating, measurements taken to see if it meets those performance levels. The INZ Design Code is a good start.

The core of this year’s programme will focus on reducing the energy bill through

understanding the importance of pump e� ciency and the launch of the Farmers Guide: Irrigation Decision Support Package – providing a tool box for farmers to determine the best irrigation solutions for their farm.

The development of this programme has been possible with the support of EECA. MAF/MfE will work in with the programme to provide irrigators � rst- hand with an overview of the Government’s National Regulations for Water Measuring (section 360), gazetted in August and due to come into force on November 10.

The programme will also take in farmer case studies relevant to each region where the workshops are being conducted.

The October ‘Making Irrigation Pay’ roadshow will be in Marlborough on October 4, Tasman on October 5, Wairarapa on October 6, Manawatu on October 7, Hawkes Bay on October 8, North Canterbury (Culverden) on October 11, Gore on October 12,

Alexandra on October 13, Waitaki on October 14, Ashburton on October 28 and Central Canterbury (Dunsandel) on October 29.

More information and the full programme for each of the workshops can be found at www.irrigationnz.co.nz

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Dairy farmers across the country are opening up their books and

allowing other farmers to view cost structure, pro� tability and production information relating to their dairy operations.

Around 20 farmers, representing most regions across the country, have agreed to ‘the big reveal’ as part of the launch of the ‘Individual Farm Benchmark Initiative’ started by DairyBase. DairyBase is a web based software tool that enables accountants and consultants to analyse farm physical information and � nancial statements.

It is an investment by New Zealand dairy farmers through the dairy industry good levy and operated by DairyNZ.

DairyBase manager Adam Barker said the launch of DairyBase’s Individual Farm Benchmarks has created a new forum for farmer-to-farmer learning.

“Having the individual farm benchmarks means, for the � rst time, farmers have early benchmarking data they can

view, compare themselves to and use to make decisions. Plus, because it’s actual farm data - not an average or a model - farmers are more apt to compare the data to their own operation and discuss their observations with peers. We’re hoping the bene� ts are similar to discussion group outcomes,” he said.

Leo Donkers is one dairy farmer who has agreed to make his farm performance data public. Mr Donkers is a partner in the 306-hectare Willsden Farm in Te Pirita, Central Canterbury. The Willsden Farm currently milks 1050 cows and was one of the � rst farms to reveal all and become a DairyBase Individual Farm Benchmark.

Mr Donkers said one of the reasons he decided to open up his books on DairyBase was to help other farmers who might be able to learn from his team’s management decisions.

“We have nothing to hide and we’re not in competition with other farms, so if there is a bene� t to others who can learn from us, we are happy to make our information available.”

Mr Donkers said his team also uses Willsden Farm’s data as an internal benchmark.

“A further reason we got involved as a benchmark farm is that it helps us keep our focus internally. Our managers and sta� know that our performance is out there for our peers to see and they also know the decisions they make on a daily basis can a� ect the bottom line. “Additionally, we run several farms within our equity share business. So, we’re able to use Willsden Farm as an internal benchmark by comparing it to similarly structured farms within our wider operation,” he said.

In addition to the Individual Farm Benchmarks, DairyBase also recently launched model � nancial benchmarking data relevant to owner-operators and sharemilkers throughout New Zealand.

Mr Barkers said using data from DairyBase users and MAF monitoring dairy farms across the country, they had put together what are called ‘model farm benchmarks’ for both owner-operators and sharemilkers. “If you operate under either of these structures, you can now compare yourself to a model and gauge if you’re keeping up with the rest of the industry or falling behind. Then, you can use the data to work with your accountant or rural professional to make changes and improve problem areas,” Mr Barkers said.

All DairyBase benchmarking information can only be viewed by dairy farmers registered in the DairyBase system.

To register in DairyBase phone 0800 4 DAIRYNZ or learn more at www.dairybase.co.nz

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New red meat industry entity, FarmIQ Systems Limited, announced its six

directors last month.

They are: professional directors Alison Paterson (chair) and David Clarke, Silver Fern Farms director and farmer Rob Hewett, Silver Fern Farms chief executive Keith Cooper, Landcorp chief executive Chris Kelly and PGG Wrightson chief executive Tim Miles.

The Government, under the Primary Growth Partnership, last month approved a $151m “plate to pasture” project to create a transformational intregrated value chain approach to the red meat industry.

Silver Fern Farms, PGG Wrightson, Landcorp Farming and the Government are jointly funding a seven-year programme which aims to turn the red meat industry’s production-led approach into one that is market-led and focused on consumer needs.

The programme will be run as a joint venture, through a new company – FarmIQ Systems Limited – which is responsible for implementing seven core

projects (market analysis, database, genetics, processing phenotype collection, processing improvements, technology transfer and farm productive capacity) to achievable outcomes.

The projects are designed to build, or enhance the industry’s capabilities and deliver new technology.

Alison Paterson has more than 20 years’ experience in corporate

governance – with a focus onagribusiness, stemming from her early background as a rural accountant. She is currently chair of Abano Healthcare, Auckland University’s National Research Centre for Growth and Development, BPAC NZ and Stevenson Agriculture. Past board positions include the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (1995-2009), Landcorp Farming (1991-2006, including seven years as chair), Wrightson (1993-2004) and District Health

Boards New Zealand (2000-2001, as chair).

Dave Clarke has a background in both governance and management within the health, IT and biotechnology sectors. He was chief executive of Neuren Pharmaceuticals Limited from 2002 to 2007. From 1993 to 2002, he held various senior roles within the South Auckland Health / Counties Manakau District Health Board, including, chief operating o� cer and chief

executive. He is currently chair of The TRG Group, Kordia Limited,Hawkins-Watts, Optima Corporation, Skin Institute and the Rodney Surgical Hospital.

Rob Hewett has been on the board of Silver Fern Farms since February 2008. He farms a 950 hectare property .He is a graduate of Lincoln University and holds a Master of Commerce (Marketing) degree. He is director of Business Increase Group Ltd and Crossdocks Australia Pty Ltd.An executive search is currently being completed for the CEO role.

A series of FarmIQ Systems farmer roadshows are being held throughout New Zealand during the next two weeks:

Wyndham: Tuesday 5 October Memorial Hall.Balclutha: Wednesday 6 October Telford Rural Polytechnic.Waimate: Thursday 7 October Rugby Club Rooms.Dar� eld: Friday 8 October Dar� eld Rugby Club Rooms.

The forums run from 9.30a.m. to 3.30p.m.

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Coke Zero to Ground ZeroConnor English CEO Federated Farmers

A week is not just a long time in politics. The other day I stood outside the

137 year old Grouse Lincoln Hotel and watched it being demolished by a large digger. It felt like Ground Zero. A week before, this pub had been serving beers and Coke Zero.

A week before the quake, I also stood in Lincoln, at the university just down the road giving a speech on what the future for dairy might be in 20 years time. I said a key in� uence will be the things that we don’t predict.As I said in my speech, ‘I will simply predict there will be plenty of unpredictable things happen that we can’t predict now.

If we look back over the past 90 years no-one predicted the discovery of penicillin. This has had a dramatic, positive impact on our population growth and longevity. No one predicted the huge in� ation of the 1970s after the Vietnam War or the fall of communism in the 1980s. September 11, was another unpredicted event which has changed the course of history. The global � nancial crisis wasn’t predicted, just as the receivership

of Canterbury Finance wasn’t predicted 20 years ago.

So I predict that there will be an unpredicted war…There will be a signi� cant disease, either human or animal – just as we have had AIDS and bird � u. There will be some very signi� cant weather/natural events – just because there have been for a few million years now. There will be an invention, or a discovery that will have a profound impact on how we live, work and play, just as the internet has turned the consumer from a reader to a writer.

What we do know is that we don’t know and that’s why the English language invented the word “hindsight.’So now hindsight tells us, that the Canterbury earthquake has brought us closer together, the stories of people mucking in and helping out have been extraordinary. In the rural community, our organisation swung into action, focusing on the response to power, water, cowshed and building damage. Our communication sta� , the 0800 FARMING team, � eld o� cers, elected representatives and volunteers all worked on

providing practical solutions. We helped ensure all herds had been milked at least once by the Sunday after the quake. This was a testament to rural collaboration and frankly something I am proud of.

On the Saturday afternoon, I think we surprised our city cousins when I rang Bob Parker and asked him if there was anything that the rural community could do to help those a� ected badly in the city area. We o� ered tractors, labour

and tankers for water. After the discussion with Mr Parker, I contacted Fonterra and in 20 minutes there were four milk tankers converted to cart fresh water into the welfare centres in Christchurch. This operation started on Saturday evening. Bob Parker should not have been surprised though, because urban and rural New Zealand have far more in common than there are di� erences. In my view, New Zealand’s identity is founded on at least two key things – our Maori culture and secondly our rugged authentic ‘rural-ness’. The advertising world uses rural imaging and characters, when they want to convey true ‘kiwi-ness’. Our issue is that we live in di� erent places and are more removed from each other’s day-to-day realities. But when our places get threatened, of course we all put our shoulder to the wheel.

Federated Farmers held a meeting in Dar� eld on the Thursday following the quake; this was a classic example of the community pulling together. We had over 500 adults attend and about another 100 children. The meeting featured

a number of speakers, including Government Ministers, the Hon Bill English, the Hon Gerry Brownlee and the Hon David Carter, to provide information and answer questions. The night was rounded o� by broadcasters Jamie MacKay, Richard Loe and Dick Tayler to provide some light entertainment, followed by a complimentary barbecue and beer donated by our sponsors.

What didn’t surprise me, on a chilly evening, was how long people hung around for. You see, if humans were trees they would want to be part of a forest. Solitary con� nement is used as a punishment. It is heartening, therefore, with events such as the earthquake, that we don’t expect people to stand alone, but we rush to support them. We are all part of the good old resilient Kiwi forest. Long may this continue.

For the rest of New Zealand, Christchurch is an example of the unexpected actually happening and people responding perhaps not unexpectedly. The question we need to ask is, are we ready for the day when perhaps Wellington turns from Coke Zero to Ground Zero?

Fonterra tankers were sent in to Christchurch with water on the day of the earthquake.

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American scientist Professor John Trumble gave local potato growers plenty

of information on identifying and controlling psyllid insect infestations in their crops recently.

There was a good turn out of local farmers who attended the psyllid discussion group held at Hotel Ashburton where the University of California department of etymology academic explained his � ndings from studies his research team had done on pysllid behaviour.Prof Trumble gave Mid Canterbury growers practical advice on how to identify infestations of potato psyllids on their crops.

He said the maximum numbers of psyllids could be found around the edges of a � eld after they had initially infested the centre of a paddock and spread out in a rose pattern.

Ninety percent of psyllids could be found under the bottom leaf of potato plants.

Potato grower Geo� Maw found the discussion group very informative.

“It told me where we are and what we are going to do this year, if we are on the right track.”

Mr Maw said potato growers were heading into the unknown this year with regards to the

warmer temperature, which was conducive to psyllid activity in crops.

He said this will be the � rst time Mid Canterbury will have had an over-winter population of psyllids so it would be a litmus

test of what potato farmers can expect for coming seasons.

Prof Trumble said using an insecticide such as Imidacloprid stopped psyllids from feeding and therefore injecting the pathogen liberibacter in the potato tubers which causes the potato to collapse. He said although trials showed there were bene� ts from introducing some natural enemies to the psyllids like tamarixia, it would only be e� ective in a greenhouse growing environment.

Prof Trumble said in the United States psyllids thrived best in the cooler climate in coastal areas, then migrated inland to drier areas.

In his native state of California psyllids have gone through a huge genetic change in moving into places they had never been seen before.

Prof Trumble went on to discuss a range of di� erent treatment options available and how best to use them, keeping in mind New Zealand climactic conditions.

Practical steps to stop psyllidsLance Isbister, Ashburton Guardian rural reporter

PHOTO LANCE ISBISTER 130910-LI-001

University of California department of etymology scientist Professor John Trumble.

ABOVE:Adult potato psyllids. BELOW: Psyllid nymphs on a leaf.

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Canterbrians may be able to con� rm a feeling of high ground energy that would

have been prevailing all through the earthquake week, but then went on the wane, headaches disappeared, kids became calmer, people more able to catch up on sleep, a change in energy pulse.

Chris, a correspondent 30km north of Christchurch wrote to me saying “We live 30Km north of Christchurch city and on the morning of the big one my wife was just pacing the house about an hour before the big one and remembers thinking that something was not right.

“In her words it was very still as if there was no air outside.”

This observation, intrigued me. Why should the air go so su� ocatingly still? Was the earthquake already under way a few seconds before she heard or felt it, and was there an electrical component that somehow � lled the air like a charge, perhaps a solar burst?

Another correspondent, Leon, said “I actually awoke to a

noise preceding the shake. I can only describe it as a highly magni� ed static electricity sound (a crackling). I thought

at � rst that it was hail on my iron roof. Then all the geese made a hasty retreat in a deafening united squawk as they

took o� from the nearby river and lake. My son downstairs had his curtains pulled and saw blue � ashes preceding the shake. He

also heard a strange noise pre-empting the strike”.

Was it just coincidence that sunspots were greater in number on and around the day of the earthquake than they had been since 12 August, 23 days before?

Also, it seems the air weighed more. From 3 to 4 September the hectopascals rose by an amazing 16 points, the greatest rise in a day since October 2009. And on 24 September high pressure again maximised, dropping away in the days following.

Correspondent Barbara: “One interesting thing about the Christchurch earthquake - for about ten days preceding the quake, the birds who roost in trees outside my bedroom window had woken me by squawking for lengthy periods during the night. I said to my husband at the time, “I don’t know what’s going on, I have never heard birds squawking in the middle of the night before.”

“They stopped after the earthquake. I feel sure there was a link and they must have sensed the energy”.

Energy and earthquakes


There are sceptics who don’t believe in this sort of thing, and they’re entitled to their views, but equally there are those who do believe who are also entitled to their outlook on it.

There was a time when I was in connection with parents of epileptic kids, who were trying to � nd a predictable pattern. Usually we found one, and when the kids became aware of the pattern the petit mals often decreased, almost as if the disturbances themselves were a function of surprise, and with the body watching, the � ts tended to slink o� , a bit like the proverbial watched kettle never boiling.

Earthquakes are tidal movements deep in the land, and just like tides in the sea are, I believe, predictable in advance.

The 4 September one arguably was. The moon goes around the Earth every month, as well as coming in closer once a month, and in the week beginning 4 September it was New moon and the second closest distance from Earth for the whole year.

A fortnight beforehand the full moon was passing over close to the equator, which would have provided enough of a tidal force to lift that plate, in other words weaken it, and then a fortnight later when the moon was high in the Northern hemisphere and just rising, it could have provided the lateral force required to trigger the rest.

The unusual closeness of the moon is the key.

We forget that the � exible earth too has a kingtide around a perigeal new moon. It means more � ux in the ground which translates into fault movement.

The danger this time was always going to be all over when the players, the

moon factors all went their separate ways which was by the Friday, so aftershocks were predicted to continue until around the end of the week. Aftershocks beyond the initial week were mostly under 4-mag. So it is a matter of � guring where the moon will be and when. There are 3 times during a month when the moon moves fastest, and they are new moon, perigee (closest for the month) and crossing the equator, and the moon was doing all three over Christchurch between the 8th and 9th, warming up to it a few days beforehand.

In nature more happens just before a signi� cant event, it’s like the rush of water just before the turn of the tide.

Energy gets absorbed in the actual time of transformation, which is exactly why a lot is generated before a transformation, so it can get through the transformation. Astrology talks about tension and harmony, a function of particular angles between orbiting bodies, in this case the earth and moon. There are words in astrology like squaring, in opposition to, names for angles. Some angles are much more important than others. On the 4 September the node (trigger angle) was potent, it was within 5 deg of the ecliptic, and in opposition to the moon, and opposition is one of the more important angles for creating tension.

If you are angry with someone you “face up” to them. And it means you are maximising your energies to create some movement that wasn’t there before. Psychologists recommend that if you want to get on side with someone, you sit slightly to the side and don’t confront.

Nodes were considered by the ancients to be strong enough to have the properties of planets.

When it comes to weather, moisture will

often gather, but the front will wait for the node before dropping the rain.The node on September 4 was 3:30am, and the 7.1 mag jolt came at 4:30am.

Imagine holding a stick in your hand and breaking it. You really have to exert pressure. It doesn’t snap in half by itself at random, just because you are looking at it. The law of nature is that all sticks that break require something bigger than the stick to break them. Otherwise the integrity of the stick would be able to withstand the breakage. Massive forces are at work.

An earthquake is the same. To move and divide � elds, shake entire cities and change the shape of a region, a gigantic force bigger than each of these would be required. It would have to be at least as large as the Sun and moon.

It is boggling how much energy would be required to move fault lines in the earth. The Sun is the engine and the moon is the driver. Energy comes from the Sun but the moon is the director and trigger, the MC and the co-ordinator. And the Christchurch earthquake and subsequent aftershocks were not alone, it was a time of international turbulence.

There was Hurricane Igor and all the smaller cyclones north of the equator, the wild weather in NSW, deluges in Queensland and the wild, windy, snowy extreme weather in NZ.

I believe this can be worked out in advance, and some day there may be the will in mainstream science to do so.

Knowing when such disturbance is going to be likely may then enable us some peace, and more fortitude to bear it.

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Weather by The Moon: October ForecastGeneral (allow 24-hour error)

October may be wetter, cloudier and cooler than the long-term average.

Three precipitation spells may deliver most unsettled conditions.

Temperatures may be coolest during the second week.

Average potential for maximums is 13-14C and for minimums 3-5C.

About 7.

October 4th-8th,12th-13th, 23rd-25th

October 2nd-4th,11th-16th, 22nd-25th

October 6th-23rd

October 21st-23rd

October 7th-8th

October 22nd-23rd

October 10th-11th, 27th

October 27th-29th

October 15th-21st

October 12th-16th

46 mm

70mm

64mm

41mm.

102hrs (Octoberaverage 171hrs)

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodummary, outlook periodNumber of rain days:

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Mostly dry

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Estimated precipation for Ashburton:

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Documents

Guardian Farming October