3

M06-A04

�

�

�

�

�

�

- Articulatory synthesis -

� “ ”

�

�

�

�

� Human vocal system,[Mullen 2006]

- 3 -

�

� 3 MRI

� (MRI)

� mm

�

� 3

3D vocal tract shape for vowel /i/, [Kröger 2000]

- -

� 3

� 3 → 1

Vocal tract area function (left) and its cylindrical acoustic tubeanalogy (right) for vowel /i/, after [Mullen 2006]

- -

� 3 MRI

� 1)

� 2)

�

� Story et al. (1996)

� Kröger et al. (2000)

� Takemoto et al. (2006)

� Mochizuki et al. (2007)

- -

� [Story 1996]

� 22

- -

�

[1999,2002]

�

� FEM [ 2002, Mochizuki et al. 2007]

�

�

[Takemoto et al. 2006]

� 2 2

- -

� 3

� p(x, y, z) 3

DWM

- 1 -

� 1

p c n

Pressure components in a 1D waveguide acoustic tube model, after [Mullen 2006]

- -

�

� DWM J

1.

2.

3.

4.

�

Signal scattering at an impedance discontinuity, after [Mullen 2006]

- -

� M 2 M=43 M=6

�

2 DWM

- -

�

�

� 1.0

�

t

� 2

� 3Ng

- -

�

�

� 2

� 1: DWM

� 2: DWM

- -

� 3 MRI

� 5 /aeiou/ 1

� “ATR MRI ”

(ATR-Promotions)

�

[ 2007]

� MRI

/a/ [ 2007]

- -

1.

2.

3.

4.

1- DWM -

� DWM

� 2 3

�

� = 1.0

� = 1, 100, 10000

�

2- -

�

� DWM

� MD [Takemoto et al. 2006]

� BS [Story et al. 1996]

� NE [Mochizuki et al. 2007]

�

� 1 4 F1-F4

� 1 DWM

�

/a/

2D 3D

/i/

2D 3D

- 1 -

� /e/, /i/ 100, 10000

� /i/ 3 1.5mm/e/ 4 2.0mm

�

� 2 Zwall = 1

� 2

�

2/a/

2/i/

� Zwall = 1 2D 3DDWM

� 2D 3D

� 2D 3D

�

� 3D DWM

� 3D DWM

- -

�

�

�

�

2/e/

2/o/

2/u/