10
/ / / ! "# $ % &’ ( )* &’ &#+ - ./ 01!’ % * 2 # * 3 % 4 % # 5# 6 5#7’ (8 ) : / / : / / ( 9 : 4 ;4( <= &>’ 2+ 2%? 2?@%)A B’C DE 3&%4? 2?@%@ $%4?( 3? 3?’ ) EC ( 1? 36?(E 3 3H@ # 3H*!A 3H .*%I $ 0 "J ( ) &’% ( ( .!’8 )%I 3.! BKA & &’ HL# 8 2@% M 4 N# . &## 2PQ (! R> 8 ( 2SJ 3 29 3 2J 21- &#+ 8 2? T?C ? .?+ & , U V ? , U V 2W Q 4’ 8 , X V U , X V .% YW ) ./- . DZ ( Y 4#4? E . !?’ &?#+ [ 4\’ S!% [ &## ’1 4?%- D?]# 2PQ (! 8 . A ?% R>? 8 "?* 3H?# ?( 2@%@ $%4( 3 36(E 3H@1 3H*!A ) EC ( pH S!% 84# ( - 4?JA- ?W . $? H?^ &’% 4%- 2 2% 2@%)A (A .E _P ( . # 8 DE ‘C &#+ 0 6 a X & 2# 2@%@ $%4( .)’ 3- S.cm -1 b UV a cU .)’ 3 pH 8 M / M M / U . d?^’ $e1Z ) mg l -1 / V V / V PO 4 3- : 3 mg l -1 [ / / NO 3 - : 3 mg l -1 V / V [ / c SiO 2 : 3 mg l -1 / V V / V < Fe 2+ : 3 [ / c a V / V = SiO 2 ( .L# h?A $?< 4?J( &#+ $ . &## 4JA- W 2 # i@@’ 8 * 4%/ & L! 8 jI ( . &>’ 6% jJ? 4 2%J &’% . &’% $9 B 2#A 4k’ l4= BW4= 21- (! ( ) S!% X : [ / % ( 2SJ? ) S!?% [ : Mc / V % ( & 4’E $ . 2#A 6S#’ &!%k’ 8 Bo= p%# 2P!# (%) &’% $ q1]’ (! 6 ( ) 21- : VM / X ± [ / s 2J : U / V ± [ / [ 29 s : c / V ± U / U 2SJ : VM / X ± [ / ( 2J’ ;/+ ! s21- 2J (! 2SJ ! 6 .L# 21- 29 ) V[ / V P< .( % jJ 2#A Y%8 &>’ 6 8 (! &’% ( ) &?’ tJ? 3D9 ( &? $P!?# # ;o (! ) 21- ! ( 2’ L 4 . p%# & & 6%J & 2’ 2SJ 29 (! 4’E $ &’# 4J# ?( uJ’ 2J 21- (! & $P!# 2@% v%I 4J . ( w 1 4 : 3&’% ./- 3 &’ &#+ 3! "# . !" #$%& ’()*+ , - . , /)*+ 0-&12 ,3 +4 . 5*+ 6 78 16 $ 7 9 ::;<+ . =& > 3 ? , * : & @1A5& B <+ 5 ,! B *6 B . : [email protected] Downloaded from ijae.iut.ac.ir at 1:13 IRDT on Tuesday April 6th 2021

Guilan - دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان& ' &# + )* ( &'ˆ % $˛˚ ˜ ! "# ˛˝˙ˆ ( M˘ . !'8 – . ! ˆ) &# # S !% [ & ' &# + DE 2% ˛ ˛ a @%)˛AH ˛oK+ . 4˜ S !% pH EC(

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    3

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • ������� ����� /������ /����� ��� /�������

    ��

    ������� ! "�# �� $%&'��� �(�)*� ���� &����' �+��� –-�./

    � 01!'%*2#���*3���%� 4%�# ��5#���6����5#�7'� �(8 �

    )����� ���� :��/�/������� ���� ���:�/�/����(

    9:��4

    � ;4( � '�2+ �� 2%����?� � 2?@%)�A B'��C DE � 3& %4�?�� 2?@% @�� $%�4?( 3���?� 3�?')EC(�1�?� 36?(E 33H�@

    �# 3H�*!A�����3H� .� �*%I $���� 0��� � "�J� ��()&'���%� �((.� !'8 � )�%�I 3.� !�� BKA &� �� ��� &����' H���L#� 8� 2@%

    ��M�4� ��N#� .��# 2��PQ ��( ! R>� 8� �(2SJ� 32�9 32J� �21-����' �+��� 8� 2���?� T?C �? .�?+��� &,�UV�� �?�

    ,�UV�� 2W� ��Q � �� �� ��4' 8� ,X�V�U �� ,X�V�� .�%� ���� �� YW�� )./�- .� �� DZ (Y�� 4#4?� ���E .�!?' �� &?#�+��� [

    ���4\' �� ��S !%��[��# �� � '�1�� 4?%�- D�?] #� 2��PQ ��( ! 8� ���� . ��A � �?%�� R>?� 8� "�?*��� 3H�? �# ��?(��

    2@% @�� $%�4( 3���� 36(E 3H�@�1�� 3H�*!A�����)EC ( �pH��S !%� ���� �� �8�4#� ���' �( ��- 4?J A- ��?W .$?���� H�?��^�

    &'���%� 4%�- 2�� 2%����� � 2@%)�A ��(�� ��A � .E _�P��� � �( .�# 8� �� DE `�C ����� �+��� ' 06� ��'� ���a�X��� &

    2 #�� 2@% @�� $%�4( .�)�' 3��-S.cm -1 b��UV ac�U .�)�' 3pH 8� M�/M–M�/U��.�d?^' ���' $e1Z )mg l-1 ��/V–V�/VPO43- : 3

    mg l-1 [/�–�/�NO3- :3mg l-1 V�/V–[/cSiO2:3mg l-1 �/V–V�/V' 68 ��( ! ��� &'���%� ��()&?��' � tJ?� 3D�9 (&? $P!?#

    �# � ;�o ��( !)21- ! (2' L� 4�� .p%� # & &���� 6%��J &2' 2SJ� � 2�9 ��( ! �4'E $�� &'�# �� 4J#��� ��?(

    u��J' 2J� � 21- ��( ! & $P!# 2@%������ v%�I �4J�� .

    ���� �(�w1�4�:3&'���%�./�- 3��� &����' �+��� 3 ! "�#

    �.������� !" #$�%& �'()*+ ,�-.,� ��/)*+ �0-&12 ,3� +�4

    �.5*+6�78� 16�$ ��7�9::; 3����?� � ,

    *:& @1A5&B

  • ������� ����� /������ /����� ��� /�������

    �C

    &'4k'

    �DD(.*���+ E+ DD�F5�DD=?:GDD�'?+�DD$?E�+ DD�$�.-DDH� ���DD=?

    I1�$ 0D$ �D=

    315G�� .& �E�N+ �= JK � 0G '= 06D + k+� #��4 .:�> ?�=

    '%D �$)C.(?�=�65D$ .D4��$ t'D= �D$ 0D-

  • &'���%� $���� ! "�# ���� ��� &����' �+��� �)*� ��(…

    �[

    B@��.�W�'�$�%��S ! �(���# �����&Lk# &k>J' �����>'2�+��� &����' –-�./)��M�(

    �S* � 0�� @1D"[�G�6&1D: D ,��aD416& h

    3�65=1G � 3K �65$�,'2� 0/:N ��/oD& '2� .'D �$ .

    D$ \"�%& �.5D:G ��D%$�G�$ ,M�0D$ 0��P

  • ������� ����� /������ /����� ��� /�������

    �Q

    X � T� E+ 3' `��?E+ ��P6D4+ �$ {p4 � 065 JK �$ D�M

    � `��DDGDD� O)@1��pDD4+ (0DD*1;* �DD��� ��1DD2 ?�+�DD$)��(.

    0*1;* #;N ?�= ?��K �$ �' 9�+

    .%-& .D:� � .% ?�=�65$ �$ ./%4 �65$ 9�$ +� ?�+,�65D$ �

    + 3�)* .:� �$ .$1l)o�/oP �� '%6DD + �S$�)DD& ��N�DDN � 9DDb� ?�DD=)���.(

    {%DDN ?�DD=Nitzschia ,Navicula�Thalassiosira .DD*+�+��

    ��/65D�+ � +� ?�6)�$ ���D4 0D$ �!5D* wD:6d& @1RD� � �D=

    {%N .4��$ �6)�$ � 0G '%6 + �= �' k�b*+ .(�65��1:� ?�=

    0DD*�>�� � .6�-DDH� 9�DD%l �DD�* ?�DD= �'DD� �DD4+ �'DD

    )��,��,����Q.(FDD= {%DDN 9�DD%l 'DD%*�& .��DD=Melosira ,

    Rhoicosphenia ,Diploneis ,Diatoma �Synedra ��)DDD6*+ E+

    0D*�>�� �DuG+ �1D:� �D$ 0DG '*1$ �+�1>�$ .-�4� * ?�D= �D�

    �+ �S$�)&)��,����o.($0@�u& 3+1%]�&�� Z*+��D(;= �

    )��({%NCymbella 0$ +� ��6>�D4 �Db�+ .:2+ T&+1] 3+1%]

    0D*�>�� � 1DN1& .

  • &'���%� $���� ! "�# ���� ��� &����' �+��� �)*� ��(…

    ��

    ��4��.o�K+ �A H��)%�@a�����2%�� ��� &����' �+�� DE [�%��# ��S ! ����).� !��–.� !'8 ��� ��M�(

    �%��S ! pH EC(µS/cm) �%�� 8� "�*���(m) ���� TN(mg/l) TP(mg/l) SiO2 �'�(0C) Fe+2

    3�65$��

    ��/65�+� �Q/Q ��[o ��oo ��/o �/� ��/o �/� �� �/o��/65�+� o�/Q �o�Q �o�� �C/o �/� o[/o �Q/� �� o�/o<��/65�+� ��/Q C�o �o�� C�/o �/� o�/o o�/� �� o�/o<��/65�+� Q�/[ C�[ �oQQ C�/o C�/� o�/o ��/� �� o�/o<��/65�+� Q�/[ C�Q �oQ� C�/o ��/� o[/o ��/� �� o�/o<

    ����O

    +���/65� o�/Q [C� ��oo ��/o � ��/o ��/� o[/�C o�/o<+���/65� o�/Q [Q� �o�� ��/o �/� o�/o [�/� �/�� o�/o<+���/65� Q�/[ [C[ �o�� ��/o �/� o�/o CQ/� Q/�� o�/o<+���/65� �Q/[ Qo� �oQQ �o/o �/� ��/o QQ/� �/�� o�/o<+���/65� ��/Q [�� �oQ� �o/o �/� o�/o oC/� �� oC/o

    3�65&E

    +���/65� Q�/Q [�o ��oo ��/o �/� ��/o ��/� �/�Q ��/o+���/65� [/Q [�� �o�� ��/o �/� ��/o [Q/� �/�[ o�/o<+���/65� C�/Q [�o �o�� ��/o �/� ��/o CQ/� �[ o�/o<+���/65� C�/Q [[� �oQQ ��/o C/� o�/o �Q/� �/�[ o�/o<+���/65� [�/Q [CC �oQ� ��/o �/� �Q/o �[/� �/�� o�/o<

    Nitzschia �Navicula DD& FDD= 0DDG .FDD= � `�DD86& 'DD%*+1�

    $0�" E+ �c1& ��12�41& +1& \�I�?E+ � '%!5D$ �65$ 0$

    �N a41� 3' 065 ��1:N 3���?'%%G )��.(-$ �.�+1&

    0*1� �=.�M!:N E+ +� � 0G �=�!" a�D-.MDl1G � �1D$ �D�

    �4 �$ �$�c� T$�c��0*1� +� � '*1!* �=�L.-;N 0G ��� �D=

    g�64+ v�-& .& �+�c .���;� ?�= 0D*1� 0D$ '*��� hD

  • ������� ����� /������ /����� ��� /�������

    �o

    �4� ��.jJ� �(��4� 2%���J� %) 2P!# 2#���A(�� �4� $P� �[��� &����' �+��� &���>' ���' ��S !%� )./�-–.�%� (

    )S:��S !%�(

    B@��.#���A 4o�� 2��� B� �� $%&'��� �()#���A2P!# 2±�' ;�\#� ���(����( ! �� �� q1 ]' %��S ! �(������>' 2

    0*1;* TR��+�$? 3�65$�� ����O 3�65&E

    + ���; ���/65 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5Thalassiosira sp. �[ �� Q/�� �/C [/� �/� �/�� �/Q [/� �/� �/� � �/� C/� �/�

    Cocconeis sp. � [/�� Q/� �/C C/� � �/� [ �/�C [/� �/� �/C � Q/C QAmphora sp. �/o �/C �/� �/[ �/� Q/[ �/� �/� �/� �/� [/� �/C [/� �/�� �/�

    Pleurosira laevis �/�� Q/� �/� o �/� �/� �/� o o o o o o �/o oNitzschia sp. �/�[ �� Q/�[ �/�� �/�� Q/�Q �� �/�� [/�o [/�� �/�o Q/�Q [/�� �/�o Q/��

    Gyrosigma sp. �/� �/� � Q/� �/o �/� Q/� �/� �/� Q/� �/� �/� �/� C/� �/�Synedra sp. C/� [/� �/� o �/� o �/� �/� �/� o �/C [/� �/� �/� Q/�Surirella sp. �/� � Q/� �/� �/� C/� �/� � �/� �/� �/� �/� �/� � [/�

    Achnanthes sp. o o [/� �/o �/� �/� �/[ [/� �/� [/[ C/C �/� [/� C/� �/�Diploneis sp. �/� �/� �/� Q/� Q/� [/� �/� [/� �/� �/� �/� [/� [/o �/� �/�Gomphonema �/� �/[ �/� �/� �/� �/� Q/o � �/� �/� �/� �/� �/� �/� �/�Cyclotella sp. �/� [/� �/� �/� [/�[ C/� o [/� o o �/� �/� [/� � �/�Caloneis sp. [/o o �/� o o Q/o �/o o [/� o o o o o oCymbella sp. �/� �/�C �/�o [/�[ [/� �/� �/� [/� �/� Q/C �/C �/� [/� � �Navicula sp. Q/[ �/� �/�� Q/� �/�� [ �/[ �/�� �/� Q/�� �/�� Q/�o �/�� Q/C �/�Reimeria sp. o �/� �/o �/� o �/� �/� [/� �/� �/� o [/� � � oCymatopleura o o o o �/o o o �/� o o o �/o �/o �/o oRhopalodia sp. o �/� o �/� �/o o o o o o �/� �/o [/o �/o Q/oRhoicosphenia o [/o o o o C/� �/� [/� �/� Q/� �/� �/� � �/�o Q/��Melosira sp. �/� � [/� [/� C/� o o � o o C/� �/� Q/�� �/� �/��Diatoma sp. o �/� [/� o �/o [/� � � �/� C/� �/� o [/� � �/�

    Pinnularia sp. o o o o o o o [/� Q/o C/o o o o o oFragilaria sp. o o o o o o o � �/� C/� �/� � [/� C/� �/�

    Dow

    nloa

    ded

    from

    ijae

    .iut.a

    c.ir

    at 1

    :13

    IRD

    T o

    n T

    uesd

    ay A

    pril

    6th

    2021

    https://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-235-en.html

  • &'���%� $���� ! "�# ���� ��� &����' �+��� �)*� ��(…

    ��

    B@��.#���A 4o�� 2B�)'�S#��6±�' ;�\#����(����� $%&'��� �� �(��( ! �q1 ]'

    �6* \!" �$�$ n04*+�+�� �uG+'e � Tc+'e �'&K �.{%N �D=?

    �0$ 0&1�� ������ �$ h?�=�65$ ?:�./%4 �.�� 0!4�8& �'

    + 0G�_� 9��& �+��*+�+�� 3+O.-;N � ��0&1�� + � �= D���/65 �D=

    �=�65$ �?& w:6d& .< '%l 0$ '*+1��' �$ T)�[,����C:(

    �y�=�16G�� ?()� �$ a!��& �%:G T.�y{%N t�e �=?��/

    {%N a41� .D& 0D6�+K a�+� 0$ �6S$ 0G .��= '*1D �yD�m��j

    $ �� � 3���N �]�40�:]�y�m' �$ �65$ f1* ��j)C.(

    0&1��� ��-;N .*+�+�� 9��6)�$ 0$ 0-+ .4��$ ?+�$ 9�/*��& t� 9�$ �=

    w:6d& ?�=�65$ %-& t�6>+ ,.�+?$ +� ��=�65$ 9?/%4 .�D$

    $1l.�65D$ �D&+ ,+'D* 3�)* .D%-& t�6D>+ ./%D4 �D$ +� ?�+

    + 3�)* .% � .:� ?�=�65$)P < 0.05 .( .D& 9D�+ 0DG 'D*+1�

    0$ ~�O$ ^1L4 �:] .$1Dl � ./%D4 ?�=�65$ 31$ �$�j � ��

    'DD �$)C���.(9�DD:$ �3+��DD(;=)�C(�DD�-;N .DD4��$ �DD$ ,

    0&1��� {&1�$ 0G '*'�4� 0b�6* 9�+ 0$ �=)�16�E (0&1��� �$ �=

    0$ .% ?�=�65$ ?�� 31D$ 9)D> � �$E � .6>+1%(���W T�<

    �D4+ �6)�$ .(=K � .:� ?�=�65$ 0$ �!5* �S*K.D��$ )��(,

    .�V�� 0G + 3�)* i%D4 .���;� ?�= D� �D=m?�� .*+'D%l ��j

    T( .%:G ?��� .(!:N ?�= �+'D* .6&m*+'D%l 0D-

  • ������� ����� /������ /����� ��� /�������

    ��

    &.!5l ,'%G�,3' �� 3�G �=� � `�8�K��='D%?�� �'D%�+E ��.&0D:b

    �5�E 3+��+ .4�% :y.

    2.���j.k ,.�.+ s6� ...�+E..4��$.�4�� f+1*+ �d$K �E1e � Z�O� �� 0

  • &'���%� $���� ! "�# ���� ��� &����' �+��� �)*� ��(…

    ��

    16. Blinn, D. W., A. Fredericksen and V. Korte. 1980. Colonization rates and community structure of diatoms on 3 different rock substrata in a lotic system. British Phycology Journal 15: 303–310.

    17. Cattaneo, A., Y. Couillard and S. Wunsam and M. Courcelles. 2004. Diatom taxonomic and morphological changes as indicators of metal pollution and recover y in Lac Dufault (Québec, Canada). Journal Paleolimnology 32: 163-175.

    18. CEC, 2000. Council of European Communities Directive 2000/60/EEC of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of European Communities, L327/1.

    19. Chang, P. C., G. Ya-Hui and L. Peng. 2010. Geographical and seasonal patterns of epiphytic diatoms on a subtropical mangrove (Kandelia candel) in southern China. Ecol. Indicators 10: 143–147.

    20. Clifford, H. F., R. J. Casey and K.A. Saffran. 1992. Short-term colonization of rough and smooth tiles by benthic macroinvertebrates and algae (chlorophyll a) in two streams. Journal of the Nourth American Benthoogical Society 11: 304–315.

    21. Cooksey, K. E. and B. Wigglesworth-Cooksey. 1995. Adhesion of bacteria and diatoms to surfaces in the sea: A review. Aquatic Microbilogy Ecology 9: 87–96.

    22. Cunningham, L., I. Snape, S.J. Stark and M.J. Riddle. 2005. Benthic diatom community response to environmental variables and metal concentrations in a contaminated bay adjacent to Casey Station, Antarctica. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50: 264–275.

    23. Dixit, S. S., J.P. Smol, J.C. Kingston and D.F. Charles. 1991. Diatoms: power ful indicators of environmental change. Environmental Science and Technology 26: 21-33.

    24. Duong, T. T., A. Feurtet-Mazal, M. Coste, D. K. Dang and A. Boudou. 2007. Dynamics of diatom colonization processes in some rivers influenced by urban pollution (Hanoi, Vietnam). Ecology Indicators 7: 839-851.

    25. Duong, T. T., S. Morin, M. Coste, O. Herlory, A. Feurtet-Mazal and A. Boudou. 2010. Experimental toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium in freshwater periphytic diatoms in relation with biofilm maturity. Science The Total Environment 408: 552-562.

    26. Gell, P. A., J. A. Sonneman, M. A. Reid, M. A. Illman and A. J. Sincock. 1999. An Illustrated Key to Common Diatom Genera from Southern Australia. Cooperative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology, Thurgoona (Australia). 66 pp.

    27. Ghosh, M. and J. P. Gaur. 1991. Structure and interrelation of epilithic and epipelic algal communities in two deforested streams at Shiiong, India. Hydrobiologia 122: 105–116.

    28. Hoagland, K. D., S. C. Roemer and J. R. Rosowski. 1982. Colonization and community structure of two periphyton assemblages, with emphasis on the diatoms (Bacillariophyceae). American Journal of Botany 69: 188–213.

    29. Inthasotti, T. 2006. Diversity of Macroalgae and Benthic Diatoms in Kham Watershed, Chiang Rai Province. M.Sc. Thesis, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai. 125 pp.

    30. Juttner, I., H. Rothfritz and S. J. Ormerod. 1996. Diatoms as indicators of river quality in the Nepalese Middle Hills with consideration of the effects of habitat-specific sampling. Freshwater Biology 36: 475–486.

    31. Kilroy, C., B. Biggs, N. Blair, P. Lambert, B. Jarvie, K. Dey, K. Robinson and D. Smale. 2005. Ecological studies on Didymosphenia geminata. In: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research. Client Report: CHC2005-123. Christchurch, New Zealand, 185 pp.

    32. Kinross, J. H., N. Christofi, P. A. Read and R. A. Harriman. 1993. Filametous algal communities related to pH in streams in Trossachs, Scotland. Freshwater Biology 30: 301–317.

    33. Krammer, K. and H. Lange-Bertalot. 1986–2004. Bacillariophyceae, 1–5. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York. 2485 pp.

    34. Kunpradid, T. 2005. Diversity of Macroalgae and Benthic Diatoms and Their Relationships with Nutrients Compounds in the Ping and Nan Rivers. PhD. Thesis, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 136 pp.

    35. Lobo, E. A., V. L. Caliegaro, G. D. Hermany, C. E. Bes, M. Wetzel and A. Oliver. 2004. Use of epilithic diatoms as bioindicator from lotic systems in Southern Brazil, with special emphasis on eutrophication. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia. 16: 25-40.

    36. Lobo, E. A., C. E. Wetzel, L. Ector, K. Katoh, S. Blanco and S. Mayama. 2010. Response of epilithic diatom communities to environmental gradients in subtropical temperate Brazilian rivers. Limnetica 29 (2): 323-340

    37. Minshall, G. W. 1978. Autotrophy in stream ecosystems. BioScience 28: 767-771. 38. Morin, S., T. T. Duong, A. Dabrin, A. Coynel, O. Herlory, M. Baudrimont, F. Delmas, G. Durrieu, J. Schafer,

    P.Winterton, G. Blanc and M. Coste. 2008a. Long-term survey of heavy-metal pollution, biofilm contamination and diatom community structure in the Riou Mort watershed, South-West France. Environmental Pollution 151: 532-542.

    39. Patil, J. A. and A.C. Anil. 2005. Biofilm diatom community structure: influence of temporal and substratum variability. Biofouling 21:189–206.

    Dow

    nloa

    ded

    from

    ijae

    .iut.a

    c.ir

    at 1

    :13

    IRD

    T o

    n T

    uesd

    ay A

    pril

    6th

    2021

    https://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-235-en.html

  • ������� ����� /������ /����� ��� /�������

    ��

    40. Potapova, M. and D. F. Charles. 2003. Distribution of benthic diatoms in U.S. Rivers in relation to conductivity and ionic composition. Freshwater Biology. 48: 1311-1328.

    41. Pringle, C. M. 1990. Nutrient spatial heterogeneity: effects on community structure, physionomy and diversity of stream algae. Ecology 71: 905–920.

    42. Ramezanpour, Z., M. Sharifinia and J. Imanpour. 2011. Effects of substrate type on periphyton assemblages of a mountainous river in Northern Iran. 5th Central European Diatom Meeting, Szczecin, Poland. 144 -145 p.

    43. Roemer, S. C., K. D.Hoagland and J. R. Rosowski. 1984. Development of a freshwater periphyton community as influenced by diatom mucilages. Canadian Journal of Botany 62: 1799-1813.

    44. Rott, E. 1991. Methodological aspects and perspectives in the use of periphyton for monitoring and protecting rivers. PP. 9-16. In: Whitton, B. A., E. Rott and G. Friedrich. (Eds.) Use of Algae for Monitoring Rivers. Institut für Botanik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria,

    45. Sekar, R., V. P.Venugopalan, K. K. Satpathy, K. V. K. Nair and V. N. R. Rao. 2004. Laboratory studies on adhesion of microalgae to hard surfaces. Hydrobiologia 512: 109–116.

    46. Sonneman, J. A., A. Sincock, J. Fluin, M. Reid, P. Newall, J. Tiby and P. Gell. 1999. An Illustrated Guide to Common Stream Diatom Species from Temperate Australia. Cooperative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology, Thurgoona(Australia). 66 pp.

    47. Stevenson, R. J. 1996a. An introduction to algal ecology in freshwater benthic habitats. PP.3-30. In: Stevenson, R. J., Bothwell, M. L. and Lowe, R. L. (Eds.) Algal Ecology: Freshwater Benthic Ecosystems. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.

    48. Stevenson, R. J. 1997. Scale-dependent determinants and consequences of benthic algal heterogeneity. Journal of North American Benthological Society 16: 248–262.

    49. Stevenson, R. J. and S. Hashim. 1989. Variation in diatom community structure among habitats in sandy streams. Journal of Phycology 25: 678–686.

    50. Tien, C. J. 2004. Some aspects of water quality in a polluted lowland river in relation to the intracellular chemical levels in planktonic and epilithic diatoms. Water Res. 38: 1779–1790

    51. Tilman, D., R. A., May, C. L. Lehman and M. A. Nowak. 1994. Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature 371: 65-66.

    52. Townsend, S. A. and A. G. Peter. 2005. The role of substrate type on benthic diatom assemblages in the Daly and Roper Rivers of the Australian wet/dry tropics. Journal of Hydrobiologia 548:101–115

    53. Vymazal, J. 1988. The use of periphyton communities for nutrient removal from polluted streams. Hydrobiologia 166: 225-237.

    54. Wetherbee, R., J. L. Lind, J. Burke and R. S. Quatrano. 1998. The first kiss: establishment and control of initial adhesion by raphid diatoms. Journal of Phycology. 34: 9–15.

    Dow

    nloa

    ded

    from

    ijae

    .iut.a

    c.ir

    at 1

    :13

    IRD

    T o

    n T

    uesd

    ay A

    pril

    6th

    2021

    https://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-235-en.html