gxjv` cmÖ ½ - ahlehadeethbd.orgahlehadeethbd.org/books_pdf/05_milad_prosongo_by...2 gxjv` cÖm½ gxjv` cm½ cÖKvkK nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k bI`vcvov, ivRkvnx-6203 nv.dv.ev. cKÖ

gxjv` cÖm½

gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje

nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k

www.ahlehadeethbd.org

gxjv` cÖm½ 22

gxjv` cÖm½ cÖKvkK

nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k bI`vcvov, ivRkvnx-6203

nv.dv.ev. cÖKvkbv-2 †dvb : 0247-860861

†gvevBj : 01770-800900 � ��

��:�� !�� /#�$� �� % �&' ��)��)�*� (,�-��.� �/�01� ,2-�1 3452� 6

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1g cÖKvk : A‡±vei 1986 L„. 5g cÖKvk : †deª“qvix 2000 L„.

6ô cÖKvk iRe 1440 wn./dvêyb 1425 e½vã/gvP© 2019 L„.

\ me© ^Z¡ cÖKvk‡Ki \

gy ª‡Y nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb †cÖm, bI`vcvov, ivRkvnx

nvw`qv 20 (wek) UvKv gvÎ

MILAD PRASHANGA by Dr. Muhammad AsadullahAl-Ghalib. Professor (Rtd) of Arabic, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Published by: HADEETH FOUNDATIONBANGLADESH. Nawdapara (Aam chattar), Airport road, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Ph: 88-0247-860861. Mob. 01770-800900. E-mail : [email protected]. Web : www. ahlehadeethbd.org


gxjv` cÖm½ 3 3

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1986 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i †QvÆ c‡KU mvBR cyw¯—Kv AvKv‡i eBwU cÖ_g †ei nq| ZLbKvi weiƒc cwi‡e‡k cyw¯—KvwU e¨vcK cÖfve †d‡j| 2000 mv‡ji †deª“qvix‡Z 5g ms¯‹i‡Yi ci †_‡K G‡Z Avi nvZ †Ìqv nqwb| Gev‡i nvwZqv, wbSzg Øxc, gbcyiv cÖf„wZ e‡½vcmvM‡ii Øxc mg~‡n (7-10B gvP©Õ19) mvsMVwbK wk¶v md‡ii AwfÁZvq cyw¯—KvwU cybtms¯‹i‡Yi I e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPv‡ii Pvwn`v m„wó nq|

eZ©gvb ms¯‹i‡Y wKQz bZzb Z_¨ ms‡hvwRZ n‡q‡Q| hv Áv‡bi ¯^”Q `yqvi Ly‡j †`‡e I we`ÔAvZgy³ Rxeb hvc‡b gywgb‡K AviI †ekx DØy× Ki‡e e‡j Avkv Kwi| hviv Qv`vK¡v‡q Rvwiqvn Ki‡Z Pvb, Zviv Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ cÖKvwkZ eB I cyw¯—Kv mg~n cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ msMV‡bi ÔeB weZiY cÖK‡íÕ mn‡hvwMZv †cÖiY Ki“b| BbkvAvj−vn GB Qv`vK¡v Ke‡ii DËvc wbwf‡q w`‡e ( Q nxnvn nv/ 34 8 4 )|

cwi‡k‡l AÎ eB cÖKv‡k Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ-Gi M‡elYv wefv‡Mi mswk−ó I mn‡hvMx mKj‡K Avš—wiK gyeviKev` Rvbvw”Q| Avj−vn Zv‡ì‡K BnKv‡j I ciKv‡j DËg Rvhv `vb Ki“b- Avgxb!

bI`vcvov, ivRkvnx webxZ-

19†k gvP© 2019 L„. g½jevi| †jLK|


gxjv` cÖm½ 44

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welq c„ôv

†jL‡Ki wb‡e`b 03

1. we`ÔAv‡Zi msÁv 05

2. we`ÔAvZ-Gi cwiYvg 05

3. we`ÔAvZ eoB wcÖqe¯‘ 07

4. C‡` gxjv`ybœex 08

5. gxjv‡ì Avwe®‹Z©v 09

6. Av‡jg‡ì mn‡hvwMZv 09

7. Av‡jg‡ì †kªYx‡f` 10

8. gxjv` we`ÔAvZ nIqvi e¨vcv‡i Pvi gvhnv‡ei HK¨gZ 10

9. Dcgnv‡`‡ki Ijvgv‡q †Kivg 10

10. g„Zz wè‡m Rb¥evwl©Kx 11

11. †Kvb&wU †ekx ¸i“Z¡c~Y©? 11

12. wK¡qvg cÖ_v 11

13. Ab¨vb¨‡ì mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ 17

14. GKwU QvdvB 19

15. gxjv` Abyôv‡b cÖPvwiZ evbvIqvU nv`xQ I Mímg~n 20

16. b~‡i gynv¤§v`x 24

17. AvbyôvwbKZvq e›`x Bmjvg 26

18. †cÖ‡gi cÖ k©bx 28


gxjv` cÖm½ 5 5

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Avj−vn e‡jb, �� ! �"��#$� $��% ��&�'�(�) *+�, �-��'�.��" ��'��/0�" ��1 �23� ��.�� &4�� 23��.�� 5(��+�67 Ôe‡j `vI, Avgiv wK

†Zvgv‡ì‡K me‡P‡q ¶wZMÖ — AvgjKvix‡ì m¤ú‡K© Rvwb‡q †è?Õ ÔZviv nÕj Hme †jvK hv‡ì mKj cÖ‡Póv cvw_©e Rxe‡b wed‡j wM‡q‡Q| A_P Zviv †f‡e‡Q †h, Zviv mrKg© K‡i‡QÕ ( K vnd 1 8 / 1 03- 04 )|

1. we`ÔAv‡Zi msÁv

AvwfavwbK A‡_©, 89��) 8:�;< �=> ?@� �A�0B �< C��D ?� �E�0 �" ÔH mKjbZzb m„wó, hvi †Kvb c~e© `„óvš— †bBÕ| kviC A‡_©,�

�� E�0 �"�? $F�" ��G �, �E��H�I��" �E �0�" ?�� 4J�" ?��K�L ��( �� 0�M�G�� E�& 4H�" ��G �N/��O��1 �P" ?�� G�� @�Q ��&�H4.�6 ?�R S�'�� TU'.6 /?��6�V�" �1�1 �6��W7

ÔAvj−vn&i ˆbKU¨ nvwQ‡ji D‡Ï‡k¨ a‡g©i bv‡g bZzb †Kvb cÖ_v Pvjy Kiv, hv kixÔAv‡Zi †Kvb g~jMZ ev ¸YMZ Qnxn `jx‡ji Dc‡i wfwËkxj bqÕ|1 cvwifvwlK A‡_©, mybœv‡Zi wecixZ e¯‘‡K we`ÔAvZ ejv nqÕ|

2. we`ÔAvZ-Gi cwiYvg

ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib, ��< �A�0�B� ?�, ��<� "�#�� < �X�'�� Y'�, �3�&�, ZQ�[7 Ô†h e¨w³ Avgv‡ì kixÔAv‡Z Ggb wKQy bZzb m„wó Kij, hv Zvi

g‡a¨ †bB, Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vZÕ|2 GKB ivex KZ…©K Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, ��< �� V�� X�'�� Y�'�@�� <� �3+�&�, ZQ�[7 Ô†h e¨w³ Ggb Avgj Kij, hv‡Z

Avgv‡ì wb‡`©k †bB, Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vZÕ ( g ymw j g nv/ 1 71 8 ( 1 8 )|

1. mjxg †njvjx RW©vbx (Rb¥ : 1957 L„.), Avj-we`ÔAvn (Av¤§vb, Avj-gvKZvevZzjBmjvwgBqvn, 1g ms¯‹iY 1404/1984) c„. 6 ; M„nxZ : Avey BmnvK kv‡Z¡exAv›`vjymx (g„. 790 wn.) Avj-BÔwZQvg (êiƒZ : `vi“j gvÔwidvn) 1/37 c„.|

2. eyLvix nv/2697; gymwjg nv/1718 (17); wgkKvZ nv/140, Av‡qkv (ivt) nÕ‡Z|

4


gxjv` cÖm½ 66

Bievh web mvwiqvn (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib,

��'�@�(�, ?�H4�� E4��)�1 �\��W�@�I��" ��0�R"4��" �]��0�&��"^ "3�4��L �+�&�� "3/K+��1 ��&�'�@�� #�_"�34��^ ��D�4��O�1 � ��a�0�.�<�1 �[3�<bc" $2�d�, $��D �.�<8E�a�0 SE��0�� $��D�1 8E��0��

SE��V�%7 �?�e��4�@�� 8E��"�1�[ ?�,�1 :$��D�1 8E��V�% ?�, �[�+4��"7 Ô†Zvgv‡ì Dci

Aek¨ cvjbxq nÕj Avgvi mybœvZ I Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi mybœvZ| †Zvgiv Zv KwVbfv‡e AuvK‡o ai‡e I gvwoi ùvZ w`‡q Kvg‡o ai‡e| Avi †Zvgiv a‡g©i bv‡g bZzb bZzb m„wó nÕ‡Z †eu‡P _vK‡e| †Kbbv cÖ‡Z¨K bZzb m„wóB we`ÔAvZ I cÖ‡Z¨K we`ÔAvZB åóZvÕ|3 Avi cÖ‡Z¨K åóZvi cwiYvg RvnvbœvgÕ|4

Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi mybœvZ g~jZt ivm~j (Qvt)-GiB mybœvZ| KviY Zuviv KL‡bvB ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶ Aby‡gv`‡bi evB‡i †Kvb KvR Ki‡Zb bv| hy‡M hy‡M êlwqK cÖ‡qvR‡b m„ó wewfbœ Avwe®‹vi mg~n †hgb mvB‡Kj, Nwo, Pkgv, gUiMvox, D‡ovRvnvh, †gvevBj BZ¨vw` e¯‘mg~n AvwfavwbK A‡_© we`ÔAvZ ev bZzb m„wó nÕ‡jI kviC cwifvlvq we`ÔAvZ bq| ZvB G¸wj‡K ¸bv‡ni welq e‡j g‡b Kiv Ab¨vq| A‡b‡K G¸‡jv‡K ARynvZ K‡i a‡g©i bv‡g m„ó gxjv`-wK¡qvg, k‡e wgÔivR-k‡eeivZ, KzjLvbx-†Pnjvg cÖf„wZ we`ÔAvZ mg~n‡K kixÔAv‡Z êa wKsev Ôwe`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvnÕ e‡j _v‡Kb, †hUv Av‡iv Ab¨vq| hw` †KD †R‡b-ï‡b G¸wj e‡jb ev K‡ib, ZvnÕ‡j wb‡Riv Kexiv †MvbvnMvi n‡eb Ges Zv‡ì K_v ï‡b ev Zv‡ì †`Lv‡`wL hviv Hme we`ÔAvZ Ki‡eb, Zv‡ì mgcwigvY ¸bvn H mKj e¨w³‡ì

Avgjbvgvq hy³ n‡e| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, "3�@��.�'�� ["�g�1� �E�@�<��D 4��h�3 �E�<��'�G��" ��<�1 �["�g�1� ��#$�" ��&��3C@�K�� '�i�� 8+�@�� +�)jk\ �+�< �21�[�l+��7

3. Avngv` nv/17184-85; nv‡Kg nv/329, 332; Avey vE` nv/4607; wZiwghxnv/2676; Beby gvRvn nv/42; wgkKvZ nv/165 ÔwKZve I mybœvn‡K AvuK‡o aivÕAby‡”Q`; Qnxnvn nv/2735|

4. bvmvC nv/1578 ÔC`v‡qb-Gi QvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, ÔwKfv‡e Lyrev?Õ Aby‡”Q`; BiIqvnv/608|


gxjv` cÖm½ 7 7 ÔwK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Iiv c~Y©gvÎvq enb Ki‡e I‡ì cvcfvi Ges Zv‡ì cvcfvi hv‡ì‡K Iiv AÁZv e‡k weåvš— K‡i‡Q| mveavb! KZB bv wbK…ó fvi hv Zviv enb K‡iÕ ( bvnj 1 6/ 2 5)| Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb,

4��@��.�'��1 ��&��G�a� ��G�a� �1 4<�m ��&��G�a� 4��'��1 �h�3�� E+�<��'�G��" �+4�� "3��+�D �21��+�H�W��7 ÔZviv Aek¨B wb‡R‡ì cvcfvi enb Ki‡e Ges †mB mv‡_

Ab¨‡ì cvcfvi| Avi Zviv †hme wg_¨v‡ivc K‡i‡Q, †m wel‡q wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Aek¨B wRÁvwmZ n‡eÕ ( A vbK ve~Z 2 9/ 1 3)|

nhiZ Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib, ��< ��Q ?��O n50�� 2��D �Y�� < ��_kc" ��;�< �[3�_� ��< �Y�(� �L �� o�G�� p��q ��< �_� ��[3 ��'�R^ ��<�1 ��Q ?��O 8E��V�% �2��D �Y�'�@�� < ��a�r" ��;�< �h��as ��< �Y�(� �L ��

�o�G�� p��q ��< ��&�<��as ��'�R^ �t"�1�[ T�@��<7

Ô†h e¨w³ gvbyl‡K †n`vqv‡Zi c‡_ AvnŸvb Kij, Zvi Rb¨ H cwigvY cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q, †h cwigvY cyi¯‹vi Zvi AbymvixMY cv‡e| Zv‡ì‡K Zv‡ì cyi¯‹vi nÕ‡Z GZUzKzI Kg Kiv n‡e bv| c¶vš—‡i †h e¨w³ gvbyl‡K åóZvi w`‡K AvnŸvb Kij, Zvi Dci H cwigvY ¸bvn i‡q‡Q, †h cwigvY ¸bvn Zvi Abymvix‡ì n‡e| Zv‡ì‡K Zv‡ì ¸bvn †_‡K GZUzKzI Kg Kiv n‡e bvÕ|5

3. we`ÔAvZ eoB wcÖqe ‘

L¨vZbvgv Zv‡eC mywdqvb QvIix (97-161 wn.) I Ab¨vb¨ weØvbMY

e‡jb, $2O �E��0� ��" /u�B� ?��O �X'�@��O ��< �E�'�M�(��"^ $2�� E��0� ��" �� N��H�� +�&��< �E�'�M�(��"�1 �N��H�� &��<�7 ÔBejx‡mi wbKU Ab¨vb¨ cv‡ci PvB‡Z we`ÔAvZ

AwaK wcÖq| KviY we`ÔAvZx ZIev K‡i bv| wKš‘ cvcx ZIev K‡iÕ (GRb¨ †h, we`ÔAvZx we`ÔAvZ‡K †bKxi KvR †f‡eB K‡i _v‡K)| 5. gymwjg nv/2674; wgkKvZ nv/158 ÔCgvbÕ Aa¨vq ÔwKZve I mybœvn‡K AvuK‡o aivÕ

Aby‡”Q`; gymwjg nv/1017; wgkKvZ nv/210 ÔBj&gÕ Aa¨vq|


gxjv` cÖm½ 88

Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡jb, $2� �v�0�H� ��" w�#$�" �#�I4H�� 5��Q �� Y��J�� bP" ��1 �Y��3�)�[^ �0�� g �Y�� b\3�) �Y�@��^ �ts��, �5��B^ �3�&�, �� N3�H�� < �h"�Q �t"��

�5��B7 Ôwe`ÔAvZx †h e¯‘‡K Øxb wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i, Zv Avj−vn I Zuvi ivm~j cÖeZ©b K‡ibwb| Zvi D³ g›`Kg©‡K Zvi Rb¨ †kvfbxq Kiv nq| AZtci †mwU‡K †m DËg g‡b K‡i| d‡j †m ZIev K‡ibv, hZ¶Y †m Zv‡K DËg e‡j g‡b K‡iÕ|6

4. C‡` gxjv ybœex

R‡b¥i mgqKvj )�1��y��" �3��Q�-( -†K Aviex‡Z Ôgxjv`Õ ev ÔgvIwj`Õ ejv

nq ( A vj - K ¡vg ~myj g ynxZ ¡)| †m wnmv‡e Ôgxjv`ybœexÕ-i A_© ùvovq Ôbexi Rb¥gyn~Z©Õ| bexi R‡b¥i weeiY, wKQy Iqvh I bexi iƒ‡ni AvMgb Kíbv K‡i Zvi m¤§v‡b D‡V ùvwo‡q ÔBqv bex mvjvg AvjvqKvÕ ejv I me‡k‡l wRjvcx weZiY Kiv GB me wgwj‡q Ôgxjv` gvnwdjÕ G‡`‡k GKwU mvaviY agx©q (?) Abyôv‡b cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| eis a‡g©i bv‡g m„ó GB AbyôvbwU Bmjv‡gi `yÕwU ÔC`Õ Abyôv‡bi m‡½ Dcgnv‡`‡k Z…Zxq Av‡iKwU ÔC`Õ wnmv‡e ms‡hvwRZ n‡q‡Q| Ab¨ `yB C‡ì b¨vq Gw`bI miKvix QywU †NvwlZ nq| wgj, Kj-KviLvbv, Awdm-Av`vjZ, wk¶v cÖwZôvb eÜ _v‡K|

gymwjg mgv‡R cÖPwjZ eûwea wkiK I we`ÔAvZx Abyôvb m„wói g~‡j i‡q‡Q nxb ivR‰bwZK ¯v_© I `ywbqv`vi wKQy Av‡j‡gi `ytLRbK drIqv| miKvix cwjwm wnmv‡e wKQy gymwjg kvmK I Zv‡ì DËim~ixMY a‡g©i bv‡g wewfbœ mgq wewfbœ Kzms¯‹vi Pvjy K‡i‡Qb| Avi †mUv‡K mvaviY gymjgv‡bi wbK‡U MÖnY‡hvM¨ K‡i †Zvjvi `vwqZ¡ wb‡q‡Qb hy‡M hy‡M wKQy msL¨K bvgavix Av‡jg| cÖPwjZ ÔC‡` gxjv`ybœexÕ ev Ôgxjv`ybœexÕi Abyôvb Abyiƒcfv‡e a‡g©i bv‡g m„ó GKwU we`ÔAvZx Abyôvb gvÎ|

6. Beby Zvqwgqvn (661-728 wn.), gvRg~ÔDj dvZvIqv (g`xbv : 1416 wn./1995L„.) 10/9 c„.|


gxjv` cÖm½ 9 9

5. gxjv‡ì Avwe®‹Z©vµz‡mW we‡RZv †mbvcwZ wgm‡ii myjZvb QvjvûÏxb AvBq~ex (532-589 wn.) KZ©„K wb‡qvwRZ Biv‡Ki ÔGiejÕ cÖ‡`‡ki MfY©i Avey mvC` gyhvd&di“Ïxb KzKyeyix (586-630 wn.) me©cÖ_g 625 wnRix‡Z gxjv‡ì cÖPjb NUvb|7 ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi g„Zz nq 11 wnRix‡Z| Avi Zuvi g„Zz i 614 eQi c‡i Ôgxjv`ybœexÕ bvgK we`ÔAv‡Zi D™¢e nq| µz‡mW hy×Kv‡j L„óvb c¶ 25†k wW‡m¤i Zv‡ì bex Cmv (Avt)-Gi Z_v Zv‡ì Kw_Z hxïL„‡ói Rb¥wèm A_©vr Ôeow`bÕ Dcj‡¶ hy× eÜ ivLZ| Zv‡ì †`Lv‡`wL MeY©i KzKzeyix gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ †klbex gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-Gi Rb¥wèm wnmv‡e Ôgxjv`ybœexÕ Pvjy K‡ib e‡j Kw_Z| cÖwZ eQi gxjv`ybœexi gImy‡g cÖvmv‡ì wbK‡U ˆZix Ab~ b 20wU LvbK¡v‡n wZwb Mvb-ev‡`ï Avmi emv‡Zb| KLbI gynviig ev KLbI Qdi gvm †_‡K GB gImyg ïi“ nÕZ| gxjv`ybœexi `yÕw`b Av‡M †_‡KB LvbK¡v‡ni Avk-cv‡k Mi“-QvMj hevB-Gi ayg c‡o †hZ| Kwe, MvqK, Iqv‡qh mn AmsL¨ †jvK †mLv‡b wfo Rwg‡q gxjv`ybœex D`hvc‡bi bv‡g Pig †¯^”QvPvwiZvq wjß nÕZ| MeY©i Zv‡ì g‡a¨ e¨vcKfv‡e Dcnvi mvgMÖx weZiY Ki‡Zb|8 D‡Ïk¨ Avi wKQyB bq, wg_¨v bex †cÖ‡gi gnov †`wL‡q AÁ Rbmvavi‡Yi gb Rq Kiv|

6. Av‡jg‡ì mn‡hvwMZv

Avwe®K…Z GB gxjv` Abyôv‡bi mg_©‡b ZrKvjxb Av‡jg mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ me©cÖ_g whwb GwM‡q Av‡mb, wZwb nÕ‡jb Aveyj LvË¡ve Igi web †`wnqvn (544-633 wn.)| wZwb ÔAvZ-Zvbfxi dx gvIwjw`m wmivwRj gybxiÕ bv‡g GKwU eB †j‡Lb Ges †mLv‡b eû Rvj nv`xQ Rgv K‡ib| AZtci eBwU 625 wnRix‡Z MfY©i KzKzeyixi wbKU †ck Ki‡j wZwb

7. AveyeKi Avj-Rvhv‡qix (1921-2018 L„.), Aa¨vcK g`xbv Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vjq(Kz‡qZ Qvcv, Zvwe) c„. 31|

8. Beby Lvwj−Kvb Avj-Bievjx (608-681 wn.), AwdqvZzj AvÔBqvb (êiƒZ : `viQv‡ì, Zvwe) 4/113-21 c„. µwgK 547, gyhvddi“Ïxb; µwgK 497, Igi web†`wnqvn; Avngv` Zvqg~i cvkv (1288-1348 wn.), hveZzj AvÔjvg (Kvq‡iv :1947) c„. 137|


gxjv` cÖm½ 10 10

Lykx n‡q Zv‡K bM` GK nvhvi ¯^Y©gy ªv eLwkk †`b ( ` ª. Z vi xLy Be‡ b Lvw j −K vb)| µ‡g µ‡g Ab¨vb¨ Av‡jgivI H GKB c_ ai‡jb| †KDev miKv‡ii f‡q Pzc _vK‡jb A_ev e` †`vÔAv K‡iB ¶vš— nÕ‡jb| wKš‘ we`ÔAvZ Pvjy n‡qB †Mj, hv AvRI Pj‡Q|

7. Av‡jg‡ì †kªYx‡f`

Ijvgv wZb †kªYxi : (1) wkiK I we`ÔAv‡Zi AvnŸvqK I Zvi mn‡hvMx| G‡ìB Kvi‡Y ivRbxwZ I a‡g©i bv‡g RxweZ I g„Z gvbyl c~wRZ n‡”Q| (2) wkiK I we`ÔAv‡Zi we‡ivax| wKš‘ f‡q ev ¯v‡_© Pzc _v‡Kb| G‡ì Kvi‡Y wkiK I we`ÔAvZ mgv‡R AcÖwZnZfv‡e †Ru‡K e‡m‡Q| (3) wkiK I we`ÔAv‡Zi cÖwZev` K‡ib Ges Gi wei“‡× RbgZ MVb K‡ib| †k‡lv³ Av‡jgivB cÖK…Z nKcš’x| Gu‡ì gva¨‡gB c„w_ex‡Z nK †eu‡P _v‡K| hwÌ Gu‡ì msL¨v me© v Kg|

8. gxjv` we`ÔAvZ nIqvi e¨vcv‡i Pvi gvhnv‡ei HK¨gZ ÔAvj-K¡vIjyj gyÔZvgv`Õ wKZv‡e ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Pvi gvhnv‡ei †miv weØvbMY me©m¤§Zfv‡e cÖPwjZ gxjv` Abyôvb we`ÔAvZ nIqvi e¨vcv‡i GKgZ n‡q‡Qb| Zuviv e‡jb, Gie‡ji MfY©i KzKzeyix GB we`ÔAv‡Zi †nvZv| wZwb Zvi Avg‡ji Av‡jg‡ì‡K gxjv‡ì c‡¶ wg_¨v nv`xQ ˆZix Kivi I wfwËnxb wK¡qvm Kivi ûKzg Rvwi K‡iwQ‡jb|9

9. Dcgnv‡`‡ki Ijvgv‡q †Kivg gyRvwÏ‡` Avj‡d Qvbx kvqL Avngv` mviwn›`x (971-1033 wn.), Avj−vgv nvqvZ wmÜx (g„. 1163 wn.), ikx` Avngv` Mv‡½vnx (1244-1323 wn.), Avkivd Avjx _vbfx (1280-1362 wn.), gvng~ yj nvmvb †`De›`x (1267-1338 wn.), Avngv` Avjx mvnvivbcyix (g„. 1297 wn.) cÖgyL Ijvgv‡q †Kivg QvovI Avn‡jnv`xQ weØvbMY mK‡j GK ev‡K¨ cÖPwjZ gxjv` Abyôvb‡K we`ÔAvZ I ¸bv‡ni KvR e‡j‡Qb|10 9. Avãym mvËvi †`njfx (1286-1355 wn.), gxjv`ybœex (KivPx : Zvwe) c„. 35| 10. gxjv`ybœex c„. 32-33; gynv¤§v` RybvMox (1307-1360 wn.) gxjv‡` gynv¤§v`x c„.

16-20, 30-32; Mv‡½vnx I mvnvivbcyix, ÔdvZvIqv gxjv` kixdÕ msKj‡b : gynv¤§v` AvZnvi IQgvbx (†`De›`, fviZ : gynv¤§v`x wcÖw›Us †cÖm, Zvwe) c„. 3-4|


gxjv` cÖm½11 11

10. g„Zz wè‡m Rb¥evwl©Kxivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi Rb¥ I g„Zz wèm †h †mvgevi, †m wel‡q Qnxn nv`x‡Q D‡j−L i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ R‡b¥i ZvwiL D‡j−L †bB| AvaywbK †R¨vwZwe©Áv‡bi wnmve g‡Z 8 nÕ‡Z 12B iexDj AvDqv‡ji g‡a¨ 9 ZvwiL e¨ZxZ †mvgevi wQj bv| AZGe ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi mwVK Rb¥wèm nq 9 iexDj AvDqvj †mvgevi, 12B iexDj AvDqvj e„n¯úwZevi bq|11 `yf©vM¨ GB †h, cÖPwjZ wnmv‡e Avgiv 12B iexDj AvDqvj ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi g„Zz wè‡mB Zuvi Rb¥evwl©Kx ev gxjv`ybœexi Abyôvb KiwQ| hwÌ g`xbvi wnmv‡e 1jv iexDj AvDqvjB wQj ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Idv‡Zi mwVK w`b|12

11. †Kvb&wU †ekx ¸i“Z¡c~Y©?ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi Rb¥ wèm 9B iexDj AvDqvj †mvgevi, cÖ_g beyAZ cÖvwß 9B iexDj AvDqvj †mvgevi, wnRi‡Zi ci g`xbvq cÖ_g c`vc©Y 12B iexDj AvDqvj ïµevi, g„Zz i ZvwiL 1jv iexDj AvDqvj †mvgevi|13 D³ w`b¸wji g‡a¨ beyAZ jv‡fi ZvwiLwUB †h me©vwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©, †m wel‡q ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv| wKš‘ †mw`‡bi ¯§i‡Y Bmjv‡g †Kvb Abyôv‡bi weavb ivLv nqwb| †KD †mwU cvjbI K‡ibv|

12. wK¡qvg cÖ_vmßg kZvãx wnRixi cÖ_g w`‡K gxjv` cÖ_v Pvjy nIqvi cÖvq GK kZvãxKvj c‡i Avj−vgv ZvwK¡DÏxb myeKx (683-756 wn.) KZ©„K wK¡qvg cÖ_vi cÖPjb N‡U e‡j Kw_Z Av‡Q|14 Z‡e Gi mwVK ZvwiL I Avwe®‹Z©vi bvg Rvbv hvq bv Ges Gi Rb¨ Avj−vgv myeKx‡K `vqx KiviI †Kvb hyw³ †bB|15 Av‡iv Avðh© nÕ‡Z nq ZLb, hLb Avj−vgv

11. †gvnv¤§v` AvKig Luv (1285-1389 wn./1868-1968 L„.), †gv¯—dv PwiZ (XvKv :wSbyK cyw¯—Kv, 1975) c„. 225|

12. †jLK cÖYxZ mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy ªY 57 c„.|13. K¡vhx myjvqgvb gvbQ~icyix (1284-1349 wn.), ivngvZzj wjj ÔAvjvgxb (w`j−x :

1980) 1/40, 47, 91, 251|14. Avey QvC` †gvnv¤§v` (1902-1989 L„.), wgjv` gvnwdj (XvKv : 1966) 17 c„.|15. `ªt ZvRyÏxb myeKx w`gvkK¡x (727-771 wn.), ZvevK¡vZyk kv‡dCqvn Kzeiv

(êiƒZ : `vi“j gvÔwidvn, Zvwe, 1322 wn. Qvcv nÕ‡Z d‡UvK…Z), 6/174 c„.|


gxjv` cÖm½ 12 12

RvjvjyÏxb myq~Zx-Gi b¨vq RMwØL¨vZ weØvb e‡jb, w�0�� $2� ��6� �� 0��3��" ...�3�� < �v�0� ��" �E��.��" *�H$�" �N��;�� +�&�'�@�� &� �B�+�67 ÔAvgvi

wbK‡U gxjv‡ì wfwË... we`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvn&i Aš—fy©³, hv Ki‡j e¨w³ QIqve cv‡eÕ| G e¨vcv‡i wZwb †h `jxj G‡b‡Qb, Zv nÕj : (1) ivm~j (Qvt) bex nIqvi ci wb‡Ri AvK¡xK¡v wb‡R K‡iwQ‡jb Ges K…ZÁZv cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ mevB‡K `vIqvZ K‡i LvB‡qwQ‡jb| (2) Avey jvnve g„Zz i c‡i Zvi cwiev‡ii †Kvb GKRb‡K (ejv n‡q _v‡K, AveŸvm‡K) ¯^cœ †`Lvb| Zv‡K ejv nq Avcbvi Ae¯’v wK? wZwb e‡jb, Avwg Rvnvbœv‡g| Z‡e cÖwZ †mvgevi Avgvi Avhve nvjKv Kiv nq Ges Avgvi GB `yB Av½yj †_‡K cvwb Pz‡l cvb Kwi| Avi GUv G Kvi‡Y †h, gynv¤§v‡ì R‡b¥i mymsev` `v‡bi d‡j Avwg Avgvi `vmx QzqvBevn‡K gy³ K‡i †`B Ges †m Zv‡K `ya cvb Kivq| D‡j−L¨ †h, Avey jvnve 2q wnRix‡Z msNwUZ eì hy‡×i mßvnKvj c‡i gviv hvb| AveŸvm ZLb Kv‡di wQ‡jb Ges 8g wnRix‡Z g°v weR‡qi w`b gymjgvb nb|16

Beby nvRvi e‡jb, mynvqjx eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, g„Zz i GK eQi c‡i Avey jvnve Zvi fvB AveŸvm‡K ¯^cœ †`Lvb †h, Avwg Rvnvbœv‡g Lye Lvive Ae¯’vq AvwQ| Z‡e cÖwZ †mvgev‡i Avgvi Avhve nvjKv Kiv nqÕ| Zv GRb¨ †h, †mvgev‡i ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Rb¥ nq Ges GB myLei `vbKvix `vmx QzIqvBev‡K Avey jvnve gy³ K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb|17

DË‡i ejv hvq †h, nhiZ Avbvm (ivt) ewY©Z 1g AvQviwU hwÌ ÔnvmvbÕ ( Q nxnvn nv/ 2 72 6), ZeyI Gi Øviv wKfv‡e Ôgxjv`ybœexÕ mve¨¯— 16. RvjvjyÏxb myq~Z¡x wgmix (849-911 wn.), nvfx wjj dvZvIqv, 1/271-84; Igi

web †`wnqvn cÖYxZ cÖ_g gxjv‡ì eBwUi bvg myq~Z¡x e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvZ-Zvbfxi dx gvIwjw`j evkxwib bvhxiÕ ( nv fx 1/272 c „.)| Z‡e Gie‡ji Awaevmx I mgmvgwqK BwZnvmwe` Beby Lv‡j−Kvb (608-681 wn.) eBwUi bvg e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvZ-Zvbfxi dx gvIwjw`m wmivwRj gybxiÕ ( Awd q v Z 3/4 4 9 c „.)| m¤¢eZt GK_vwUB mwVK| ÔmxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt)Õ 3q gy ªY 56 c„.; ÔAvj-BbQvdÕ c„. 40|

17. Aveyj K¡v‡mg Avm-mynvqjx (508-581 wn.), Avi-iIhyj Dbyd 3/96; Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (773-852 wn.), dvrûj evix kin Qnxûj eyLvix 9/145 c„., nv/5101-Gi Av‡jvPbv|


gxjv` cÖm½ 13 13

Kiv hvq? A_P Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) wb‡R †mwU K‡ibwb| Pvi Ljxdv K‡ibwb| †Kvb Qvnvex K‡ibwb| ZvQvov iexDj AvDqvj gv‡m ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi †Kej Rb¥B nqwb, Zuvi g„Zz I n‡qwQj GKB gv‡m| ZvnÕ‡j GwU †Kej Avb‡›ì ev ïKwiqvi gvm bq, eis `yt‡LiI gvm e‡U| A_P Qvnvev‡q †Kivg Gi Rb¨ Avb›` ev †kvK †KvbUvB K‡ibwb| Avi Avgiv †Kej Avb›`B K‡i _vwK| Bmjv‡g †hLv‡b wèm cvj‡bi weavb †bB, †mLv‡b ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi 63 eQ‡ii eqm wnmve K‡i 63 w`b e¨vcx ÔmvB‡q`yj AvÔBqv` kixdÕ (me©‡kªô C` kixd) cvjb Kivi †nZz wK? A_P Zuvi c~Y© AvbyM‡Zï g‡a¨B Avgv‡ì BnKvjxb g½j I ciKvjxb gyw³ wbwnZ|

nhiZ Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv`

K‡ib, C��D ?�H4<� �23�@��0�� E4��|��" $��O ��< ?�� } "3�� :3�)�[ �P" ��<�1 ��?��! �:�� : ��< ?��~� ��Q ^�E4��|��" ��<�1 ?��M�� 0�G�, ?�� 7 ÔAvgvi mKj D¤§Z

Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e †Kej H e¨w³ e¨ZxZ †h Am¤§Z| wR‡Ám Kiv nÕj, †K Am¤§Z? wZwb ej‡jb, †h e¨w³ Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e, †m Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgvi Aeva¨Zv Ki‡e, †m (Rvbœv‡Z †h‡Z) Am¤§ZÕ|18 G¶‡Y †h KvR wZwb K‡ibwb, Ki‡Z e‡jbwb, †m KvR a‡g©i bv‡g Kiv wK Zuvi AvbyMZ¨ n‡e, bv Aeva¨Zv n‡e? Avi ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Aeva¨Zv K‡i RvbœvZ cvIqvi Avkv Kiv wg_¨v gixwPKv ê Avi wK nÕ‡Z cv‡i?

2q AvQviwU nÕj, PvPv AveŸv‡mi Kzdix Ae¯’vi ¯^cœ| hv me©m¤§Zfv‡e AMÖnY‡hvM¨| †Kbbv bex e¨ZxZ Ab¨ Kvi“ ¯^cœ kixÔAv‡Zi `jxj bq| ZvQvov AvQviwU mivmwi AveŸvm KZ…©K ewY©Z bq| eis eY©bvKvix A‡bï †_‡K ï‡b ÔgyimvjÕ m~‡Î eY©bv K‡i‡Qb ( A vj - BbQ vd 4 0 c „. )| AZGe GwU wg_¨v nIqvi m¤¢vebv †ekx|

Z…ZxqZt weev‡ni Ô†gvnivbvÕ Aa¨vq I Ô†LvjvÔ Aby‡”Q`-Gi gaëZ©x

Av‡jvPbv : ��B �0�M+�G��" *+�, ��+�� 0+��3��" Ôgxjv‡` mr D‡Ïk¨Õ 18. eyLvix nv/7280; wgkKvZ nv/143 ÔwKZve I mybœvn‡K AvuK‡o aivÕ Aby‡”Q`|


gxjv` cÖm½ 14 14

wk‡ivbv‡gi Av‡jvPbvwU Avj−vgv myq~Z¡xi wK-bv, †mUvI wePvh© welq| KviY GwU weevn ev Zvjv‡Ki Av‡jvP¨ welq mg~‡ni Aš—fy©³ bq| AZGe cieZ©xKv‡j Zuvi MÖ‡š’i gy ªYKvix‡ì c¶ †_‡K bZzbfv‡e gxjv‡ì cÖm½wU †hvM K‡i †Ìqv wewPÎ wKQz bq|

†mw`‡bi ivR‰bwZK †bZv I ag©‡bZv‡ì b¨vq G hy‡MI mgvR‡bZv I Kw_Z ag©‡bZv‡ì gva¨‡gB mgv‡R wkiK I we`ÔAv‡Zi DrcwË I cÖmvi NU‡Q| we`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvn&i bv‡g Kw_Z gydZx‡ì Avwe®K…Z wbZ¨-bZzb we`ÔAv‡Z Bmjv‡gi ¯^”Q-my›ì †cvlvK †X‡K hvIqvi Dcµg n‡q‡Q| GLb we`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvn&i AMwYZ cwÆ‡Z weï× Bmjvg Lyu‡R cvIqvB `vq n‡q c‡o‡Q| d‡j we`ÔAvZ¸wjB mybœvZ Ges wkiK¸wjB Bmjvg wnmv‡e mgv‡R cwiwPwZ †c‡q‡Q| GBme †jvK‡ì †_‡K `~‡i †_‡KB Rvbœv‡Zi c_ Zvjvk Ki‡Z n‡e|

g~wZ©fv½v Beªvnxgx ZvInx`‡K bvbv hyw³ w`‡q g~wZ© ZvInx‡` cwiYZ K‡iwQ‡jb Kziv‡qk †bZviv| gynv¤§v` (Qvt) Zvi cÖwZev` K‡i cÖK…Z ZvInx`‡K wdwi‡q Avb‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb| d‡j wZwb mK‡ji weivMfvRb n‡qwQ‡jb| cieZ©xKv‡j KvÔevM„n †_‡K g~wZ© QvdKvix gynv¤§v`x ZvInx`‡K bvbv hyw³ w`‡q Qwe-wgbvi-†mŠa I Keic~Rvi ZvInx‡` cwiYZ K‡i‡Qb eZ©gvb hy‡Mi gymwjg †bZviv| Avn‡jnv`xQMY Zvi cÖwZev` K‡i cÖK…Z ZvInx`‡K wdwi‡q Avb‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| d‡j Zviv mK‡ji weivMfvRb n‡q‡Qb|

a‡g©i bv‡g nvhv‡iv we`ÔAv‡Zi cwÆ jvwM‡q Kziv‡qk †bZviv †hgb Øx‡b Beªvnxgx‡K Kvwjgvwjß K‡iwQ‡jb, eZ©gv‡bI †Zgwb a‡g©i bv‡g nvhv‡iv we`ÔAv‡Zi cwÆ jvwM‡q Øx‡b gynv¤§v`x‡K Kvwjgvwjß Ki‡Qb gymwjg †bZviv| hy‡M hy‡M Avn‡jnv`xQMY Gm‡ei cÖwZev` K‡i‡Qb, AvRI Ki‡Qb| wK¡qvgZ ch©š— K‡i hv‡eb BbkvAvj−vn|

`yógwZ †jvK‡ì AcKxwZ©i wei“‡× fviZxq gymjgvb‡ì mveavb K‡i cÖvq AvovBkÕ eQi c~‡e© nvKxgyj D¤§Z kvn AwjDj−vn gynvwÏQ †`njfx (1703-1762 L„.) ¯^xq ÔAwQqZ bvgvÕq 1g AwQq‡Z e‡j †M‡Qb,

Ô†hme KvU‡gvj−v dK¡xn �� GKRb Av‡j‡gi ZvK¡jx`‡K


gxjv` cÖm½ 15 15

`jxj evwb‡q wb‡q‡Q Ges mybœv‡Zi AbymÜvb †_‡K weiZ i‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì K_v ïb‡e bv Ges Zv‡ì w`‡K wd‡iI ZvKv‡e bv| I‡ì †_‡K `~‡i †_‡KB Avj−vn&i ˆbKU¨ mÜvb Ki‡eÕ|19 we`ÔAvZx Av‡jgiv G¸wj K‡i Bmjv‡gi †Kvb DcKvi Ki‡Qb bv, RbM‡YiI †Kvb Kj¨vY Ki‡Qb bv| eis Zviv gywgb‡ì Cgvb niY Ki‡Qb, mv‡_ mv‡_ Bn~ x Av‡jg‡ì b¨vq ¯^í g~‡j¨ wb‡R‡ì ciKvj bó Ki‡Qb| ivm~jyj−vn

(Qvt) G e¨vcv‡i fwel¨ØvYx K‡i wM‡q‡Qb, �0�� H�D��L ?�@�� \��K�'� ��" ��&�@�'�� [��&��D �� l�� &�� n�0�(�� $��O Tp�� < 4��( ��< n��'��, ��,�V�H��" "5=�;�D ��'�@�(�, �� H�,�� < ?�H4��) �E4��)�1 �\��W�@�I��" ��0�R"4��" �]��0�&��" "3/K�� &�'�@��

�#+�_"�34��} ÔAvwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K ¯^”Q Øx‡bi Dci †Q‡o hvw”Q| hvi ivwÎ

nÕj w`‡bi gZ| Avgvi c‡i †KD GB Øxb †_‡K c`öwjZ n‡e bv, aŸsmkxj e¨w³ e¨ZxZ| †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ hviv Avgvi c‡i †eu‡P _vK‡e, Zviv mZ¡i eû gZ‡f` †`L‡Z cv‡e| AZGe †Zvgv‡ì Dci KZ©e¨ nÕj, Avgvi ¯úó mybœv‡Zi Dci Avgj Kiv Ges myc_cÖvß Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi mybœv‡Zi Dci Avgj Kiv| †Zvgiv †m¸wj gvwoi ùvZ w`‡q Kvg‡o ai‡eÕ|20 Av‡jvP¨ Ôgxjv`ybœexÕi welqwU ivm~j (Qvt) I Zuvi Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi ¯úó mybœv‡Zi wecixZ| kixÔAv‡Zi Ace¨vL¨v K‡i Kw_Z dK¡xn-gydZxiv G¸wj mgv‡R Pvjy K‡i‡Qb| Bmjv‡gi †mvbvjx hy‡M hvi †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ wQj bv|

G‡`‡k `yÕai‡bi gxjv` Pvjy Av‡Q| GKwU †K¡qvgx, Ab¨wU †e-†K¡qvgx| †K¡qvgx‡ì hyw³ n‡jv, Zviv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi iƒ‡ni Ôm¤§v‡bÕ D‡V ùvwo‡q _v‡Kb| Gi Øviv hw` Zv‡ì aviYv GB nq †h, (1) gxjv‡ì gvnwd‡j ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi iƒn gyeviK nvwhi n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e GB aviYv me©m¤§Zfv‡e Kzdix| KviY m„wó RM‡Zi †KD GB ¶gZv iv‡Lbv| †KejgvÎ Avj−vn G ¶gZv iv‡Lb| wZwb mvZ Avmgv‡bi Dci 19. kvn AwjDj−vn †`njfx, ÔAwQqZ bvgvÕ (Abyev` : nvdvev, 1g cÖKvk, wW‡m¤i

2018 L„.) c„. 6-7| 20. Beby gvRvn nv/43; Qnxnvn nv/937|


gxjv` cÖm½ 16 16

Avi‡k mgybœxZ Ges Zuvi Ávb I kw³ me©Î weivwRZ| Avi ZvB c„w_exi me©Î ev›`vi Qvjv‡Z I Bev`‡Z Dcw¯’Z _v‡Kb| wKš‘ bexi †m ¶gZv †bB| (2) G aviYv mwVK nÕ‡j ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K G wel‡q Av‡Mfv‡M Rvb‡Z n‡e †h, AgyK GjvKvi AgyK evoxi AgyK K‡¶ gxjv` n‡e| GwU Mv‡qe Rvbvi welq, hv Avj−vn Qvov Kvi“ c‡¶ Rvbv

m¤¢e bq| Avj−vn e‡jb, �� @�(�� < *�, � "�1��4��" ��[��"�1 �u�'�i��" $��O bP" }��<�1 �21��(�J+�� 2�+4�� 23+�;�(� ��7 ÔZzwg e‡j `vI †h, b‡fvgÊj I

f~gÊ‡ji †KD A`„‡kï Ávb iv‡L bv Avj−vn e¨ZxZ| Avi Zviv Rv‡bbv KLb Zviv cybi“wÌZ n‡eÕ ( bg j 2 7/ 65)|

(3) we‡k¦i wewfbœ cÖv‡š— cÖwZ wgwb‡U AmsL¨ gxjv‡ì gvnwd‡j Zuv‡K cÖvq GKB mg‡q nvwhi nÕ‡Z n‡e| A_P wZwb Av‡Qb Ke‡i eihLx Rxe‡b| †hLvb †_‡K †ei n‡q `ywbqvq Avmvi †Kvb my‡hvM Kvi“ †bB|

†hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, ��<�1 41�[s��&�e T��g�� ?��O �h�3�� 23+�;�(� ��7 Ô(g„Zz i c‡i)

Zv‡ì mvg‡b c`©v _vK‡e cybi“Ìvb wèm ch©š—Õ ( g yw g b~b 2 3/ 1 00)| GgZve¯’vq Kíbv cÖm~Z e¨vL¨v Qvov gxjv`-wK¡qv‡gi wcQ‡b †Kvb `jxj Lyu‡R cvIqv hv‡e wK?

nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei wKZve ÔdvZvIqv evhhvwhqvn, Avj-evni“i iv‡qK¡

cÖf„wZ MÖ‡š’ ejv n‡q‡Q, �<�� :� :�O$2� �[�1��"��" ��J��B �%��S-�L �(�@�� W��7

Ô†h e¨w³ e‡j †h, cxi-gvkv‡qL‡ì iƒn nvwhi n‡q _v‡K, Zzwg Rv‡bv

†h, †m e¨w³ Kzdix KijÕ| AviI ejv n‡q‡Q, �<�� 4�� $2��" ��'�y�� H�M4�� ,��" *��<�[3�Q �21�P" �1 ��"�H�G�0 +�� #��p^�D +�W��7 Ôhw` †KD aviYv K‡i †h,

Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb g„Z e¨w³ †Kvb Kv‡Ri ¶gZv iv‡L Ges †m G wel‡q `„p wek¦vm †cvlY K‡i, ZvnÕ‡j †m Kydix KijÕ|21 Avj−vn 21. Beby byRv‡qg Avj-wgQix (g„. 970 wn.), Avj-evni“i iv‡qK¡ kin Kvbhy

`vK¡v‡qK¡ (`vi“j wKZvwej Bmjvgx, Zvwe) 5/134 c„.; gynv¤§v` bv‡Qi“Ïxb Avjevbx (1333-1420 wn.), ZvnK¡xK¡ : C` Avj-ÔAveŸvmx, AvZ-ZvIqvm&myj Iqv AvbIqvÔDn~ Iqv AvnKvgyn~ (wiqv` : 1421 wn./2001 L„.) 1/125 c„.|


gxjv` cÖm½ 17 17

e‡jb, ��<�1 C��%� ��4��< 4�3��0 ��< �21�Q �P" ��< $� �u'�|�H�� Y�� ?��O �h�3�� E�<��'�G��" ��1 �� +��Qj��&�e �23�@�,�+�>7 ÔZvi †P‡q eo c_åó Avi †K Av‡Q, †h

Avj−vn‡K †Q‡o Ggb e¯‘‡K Wv‡K, †h wK¡qvgZ ch©š— Zvi Wv‡K mvov w`‡e bv? Avi ZvivI Zv‡ì AvnŸvb m¤ú‡K© wKQzB Rvb‡e bvÕ ( A vnK ¡vd 4 6/ 5)| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ¯xq RxeÏkvq Zuvi m¤§vbv‡_© D‡V ùvov‡bvi wei“‡× K‡Vvi agwK cÖ vb K‡i e‡jb, ��< �t4��) �2� 4��$;��H �Y�� :��_��" �5<��'��

� 43� �H�'�@�, �t�0�(�G�< ��< �[�+4��"7 Ô†h e¨w³‡K G welqwU Lykx K‡i †h, †jv‡Kiv

Zvi Rb¨ `Êvqgvb _vKzK, †m Zvi wVKvbv Rvnvbœv‡g K‡i wbK!Õ22 A_P g„Zz i ci ZuviB iƒ‡ni AvMgb Kíbvq Zuvi m¤§v‡b D‡V ùvov‡bvi D™¢U hyw³ †av‡c †U‡K wK?

13. Ab¨vb¨‡ì mv‡_ mvgÄm¨

kªxK…‡òi Rb¥w`b Dcj‡¶ Rb¥vógx‡Z wn›`yiv †h Abyôvb K‡i _v‡K, †mLv‡b GKRb fvj e³v Av‡mb| a~c`vb, †jvevb I †gvgevwZi gv‡S e³vi WvB‡b _v‡K Zv‡ì cweÎ MÖš’ ÔMxZvÕ Ges wcQ‡b _v‡K wk‡lï `j| AZtci e³v wewfbœ f½x‡Z gnvgwZ kªxK…‡òi Rxebx eY©bv ïi“ K‡ib Ges duv‡K duv‡K my‡ijv K‡É cÖksmv m~PK KweZv AvIov‡Z _v‡Kb|

Dcw¯’Z †kªvZv I wkl¨gÊjxi mK‡j gv_v `ywj‡q Zv‡j Zvj wgwj‡q H myi fuvR‡Z _v‡Kb| Ggb mgq nVvr GK ch©v‡q e³v ùvwo‡q hvb| m‡½ m‡½ Ab¨ mK‡j ùvwo‡q †Xvj-KiZvj evwR‡q mg¯^‡i MvB‡Z _v‡Kb Ô¯^‡M© wQj iv‡gi bvg, g‡Z© †K Avwbj †i...?Õ23

†n gxjv` f³ cvVK! GKevi ZvwK‡q †`Lyb Avcbvi †gŠjex Qv‡ne wK co‡Qb| wZwb ivm~j gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-†K gxjv‡ì gvnwd‡j nvwhi †R‡b nVvr ùvwo‡q †M‡Qb| AvcwbI Zuvi m‡½ K‡ji cyZz‡ji gZ ùvwo‡q 22. wZiwghx nv/2755; Avey vE` nv/5229; wgkKvZ nv/4699 ÔwkóvPvi mg~nÕ

Aa¨vq ÔmvjvgÕ Aby‡”Q`, nhiZ gyÔAvweqv (ivt) nÕ‡Z| 23. wgjv` gvnwdj 63 c„.|


gxjv` cÖm½ 18 18

†M‡jb Ges bexi KvíwbK iƒn‡K m¤§vb Rvwb‡q mK‡j GKB my‡i ÔBqv bex mvjvg AvjvqKvÕ (†n bex †Zvgv‡K mvjvg) ïi“ K‡i w`‡jb|

AZtci Avcbvi †gŠjex Qv‡ne gv_v `ywj‡q my‡ii Zi½ DwV‡q fw³i‡m Mjv Wywe‡q Aviex-dvmx©, D`~©-evsjv‡Z bexi cÖksmvq KweZv ïi“ Ki‡jb| wn›`y e³viv Zv‡ì ¯^‡M©i ivg‡K `ywbqvq kªxK…ò †f‡e‡Qb| Avi Avcbvi †gŠjex Qv‡ne Avj−vn&i bex‡K ¯qs Avj−vn †f‡e wb‡jb| H ïbyb Zuvi kÖ“wZgayi D`©~ KweZvi GKwU Ask- �� ! "�� # $%� & '�& �(� ��

In& †Rv gym&Zvex Avik _v †Lv`v †nv Ki&

DZvi cov n¨vq g`xbv †gu gyQZdv †nv Ki&

ÔAvi‡ki AwacwZ Avj−vn wQ‡jb whwb, g`xbvq wZwb G‡jb †b‡g gyQZdv iƒ‡cÕ (bvEhywej−vn)| kxÔAviv Zv‡ì ˆZix ZvÔwhqv‡K Ônvmvb-

†nvmv‡qb-Gi iƒn bvwh‡ji ¯’vbÕ �� e‡j g‡b K‡ib Ges ZvÔwhqv-i †hqviZ‡K Ô`yB Bgv‡gi †hqviZÕ e‡j MY¨ K‡i _v‡Kb| gxjv`x fvB‡qiv gxjv` gvnwdj‡K Ôivm~‡ji gnvb iƒn bvwh‡ji

¯’vbÕ �� g‡b K‡i Zv‡K ùvwo‡q ev †KD e‡m mvjvg w`‡q _v‡Kb|24 L„óvb‡ì Ae¯’vI ZvB| Zviv MxR©vq DcvmbvKv‡j kª×vf‡i ùvwo‡q hxïi a¨vb K‡ib| hxïi mwVK Rb¥ ZvwiL Zv‡ìI Rvbv †bB| Kíbvi Dc‡i wfwË K‡i 25†k wW‡m¤i‡K Zviv hxïi Rb¥wèm a‡i wb‡q Ôeow`bÕ (Christmas day) cvjb K‡i P‡j‡Qb| wK my›ì Kzdix HK¨! A_P KziAv‡bi eY©bv Abyhvqx Hmgq wQj †LRyi cvKvi gImyg ev MÖx®§Kvj| †mRb¨ Avj−vn gvwiqvg‡K ej‡jb, w�l��1

�p�'��O �v�#�|�� E�@�I4��" ��L �p�'�@�� 5 �~�[ �+�'��_7 ÔAvi Zzwg †Zvgvi w`‡K 24. Avngv` Avjx mvnvivbcyix I ikx` Avngv` Mv‡½vnx, dvZvIqv gxjv` kixd

(†`De›` : gvKZvev iv‡k` †Kvs, 1317 wn.) 4 c„.|


gxjv` cÖm½ 19 19 †LRyi Mv‡Qi KvÊ a‡i bvov `vI| †mwU †Zvgvi Dci cvKv †LRyi wb‡¶c Ki‡eÕ ( g vw i q vg 1 9/ 2 5)| A_P wW‡m¤i gvm nÕj kxZKvj| hLb †LRyi cvKvi cÖkœB I‡V bv|

14. GKwU QvdvB gxjv`x fvB‡qiv e‡j _v‡Kb †h, gxjv` we`ÔAvZ nÕ‡jI IUv Ôwe`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvnÕ ev DËg we`ÔAvZ| AZGe Rv‡qh †Zv e‡UB eis Ki‡j QIqve Av‡Q| KviY Gi gva¨‡g gvbyl‡K wKQy Iqvh †Zv ïbv‡bv hvq| DË‡i ejv P‡j †h, Avcwb QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Qb, †`n-†cvlvK meB cweÎ, wbqZ AZ¨š— ¯”Q| wKš‘ ¯’vbwU nÕj Kei¯’vb, Avcbvi QvjvZ nÕ‡jv bv| KviY H ¯’v‡b QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|25 A_P Avcwb †mB wb‡lavÁv Agvb¨ Ki‡jb| nhiZ Avãyj−vn Beby gvmE` (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv`

K‡ib, ��&/�� 4��" !�X�'�� < 8\�*�R ��G�� ?��O �E4��|��" ��D�0�� 1 ��< �[�4��" $��O �0�� L��<� ^�Y�� X�'��1 �\�*�R ��G�� < �[�4��" ��D�0�� 1 ��< �E4��|��" $��O �0+��

��H+�'�&�� Y+��^ Ô†n RbMY! Ggb wKQz †bB hv †Zvgv‡ì‡K Rvbœv‡Zi

wbKUeZ©x Ki‡e I Rvnvbœvg †_‡K `~‡i ivL‡e, †h wel‡q †Zvgv‡ì wb‡`©k †`Bwb| Avi Ggb wKQz †bB hv †Zvgv‡ì‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi wbKUeZ©x Ki‡e I RvbœvZ †_‡K `~‡i ivL‡e, †h wel‡q Avwg †Zvgv‡ì wb‡la KwiwbÕ|26 m‡e©vcwi Øxb cwic~Y© n‡q †M‡Q| GLb we`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvn&i bv‡g †h¸wj Pj‡Q, GB my›ì KvR¸wj Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) K‡ibwb ev Avgv‡ì Ki‡Z e‡jbwb| ZvnÕ‡j Avgiv a‡g©i bv‡g wKfv‡e G¸wj KiwQ? mv‡_ mv‡_ hviv nvhv‡iv gywgb‡K Gfv‡e c_åó Ki‡Qb, Zviv Av‡Liv‡Z Gi cwiYwZ GKevi †f‡e †`‡L‡Qb wK?

Avcwb we`ÔAvZx Abyôv‡b †bKx Ki‡eb? nvwo fwZ© †Mv-†Pbvq GK Kvc `ya Xvj‡eb? cvb Ki‡eb †Zv? ZvQvov †hLv‡b Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) 25. gymwjg nv/532; wgkKvZ nv/713| 26. kviûm mybœvn, evqnvK¡x-†kvÔAve nv/9891; wgkKvZ nv/5300 Ôü`q Mjv‡bvÕ

Aa¨vq ÔAvj−vn&i Dci fimv I âh©aviYÕ Aby‡”Q`; Qnxnvn nv/2866|


gxjv` cÖm½ 20 20

mg¯— we`ÔAvZ‡KB åóZv e‡j‡Qb,27 †mLv‡b we`ÔAvZ‡K fvj I g›` `yB fv‡M fvM KivUvB †Zv Av‡iKUv we`ÔAvZ nÕj!

A‡bK weØvb we`ÔAvZ‡K `yBfv‡M †KD cuvPfv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb| A_P Kw_Z DËg we`ÔAvZ Avm‡j †Kvb we`ÔAvZB bq| †Kbbv kixÔAv‡Z we`ÔAvZ nÕj †mUvB, hv a‡g©i bv‡g n‡e| Avi ivm~j (Qvt) mKj we`ÔAvZ‡K åóZv e‡j‡Qb|

Avgiv ewj Avcwb Iqvh Ki‡eb Ki“b| wKš‘ Zvi Rb¨ gxjv` Abyôvb †Kb? mvaviY Iqvh gvnwdj †Zv eQ‡ii †h †Kvb mg‡q †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b Kiv P‡j| GQvovI i‡q‡Q cÖwZ RygÔAvq Lyrev `v‡bi wPiš—b mvßvwnK Iqvh gvnwd‡ji my›ìZg kviC eë¯’v| A_P me ev` w`‡q GKwU we`ÔAvZ‡K wUwK‡q ivLvi Rb¨ Gfv‡e QvdvB MvIqvi †Zv †Kvb A_© nq bv|

15. gxjv` Abyôv‡b cÖPvwiZ evbvIqvU nv`xQ I Mímg~n

(1) Ô(†n gynv¤§v`!) Zzwg bv nÕ‡j Avwg Avmgvb-hgxb wKQyB m„wó KiZvg bvÕ|

(2) ÔAvwg Avj−vn&i b~i nÕ‡Z m„ó Ges gywgbMY Avgvi b~i nÕ‡ZÕ|

(3) Ôb~‡i gynv¤§v`xÕ nÕ‡ZB Avik-Kzimx, †e‡nkZ-†`vhL, Avmgvb-hgxb me wKQy m„wó n‡q‡QÕ|

(4) ÔAv`g m„wói mËyi nvhvi eQi c~‡e© Avj−vn Zuvi b~i nÕ‡Z gynv¤§v‡ì b~i‡K m„wó K‡i Avi‡k gyÔAvj−vq jUwK‡q iv‡LbÕ|

(5) ÔAv`g m„wó nÕ‡q Dc‡ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q †R¨vwZg©q b¶Îiƒ‡c gynv¤§v‡ì b~i Ae‡jvKb K‡i gy» nbÕ|

D³ g‡g© G‡`‡k cÖPwjZ eû cyiv‡bv wkiKx KweZv mg~n Pvjy i‡q‡Q| hv gxjv‡ì gRwjm¸wj‡Z my‡ijv K‡É mg¯^‡i cvV Kiv nq| †hgb, ÔZzwg †n b~‡ii bex! wbwL‡ji a¨v‡bi Qwe| Zzwg bv G‡j `ywbqvq, Auvav‡i WyweZ mweÕ| A_P wZwb wQ‡jb Ôgvbyl bexÕ| Avi gvbyl KL‡bv 27. gymwjg nv/867; wgkKvZ nv/141|


gxjv` cÖm½ 21 21

gvby‡li a¨vb Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| ZvB wZwb KL‡bv a¨v‡bi Qwe bb| eis gywgb me©ve¯’vq Avj−vn&i ¸YMvb K‡i| †Kej Avj−vn‡KB Wv‡K I Zuv‡KB ¯§iY K‡i| Zuvi Kv‡QB mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv K‡i, Zuvi Dc‡iB fimv K‡i Ges ZuviB Bev`Z K‡i _v‡K|

GQvovI wK¡qv‡gi ïi“‡Z ùvwo‡q mg¯^‡i my‡ijv K‡É cvV Kiv nq|-

evjvMvj ÔDjv we Kvgv-wjnx, KvkvdvÏyRv we Rvgv-wjnx; nvmybvZ RvgxÔD wLQv-wjnx, Qvj−~ ÔAvjvBwn Iqv Av-wjnx|

Ôwhwb ¯^xq mvabvq c~Y©Zvi m‡e©v”P ¯—‡i †cuŠ‡Q‡Qb, hvui †mŠ›`‡h©i Av‡jv‡K AÜKvi `~ixf~Z n‡q‡QÕ| Ôhuvi mKj AvPiY wQj †mŠ›`‡h©i AvKi, ìƒ` Zuvi Ges Zuvi eskaiM‡Yi DciÕ|

GwU †kL mvÔ`x (585 A_ev 606-691 wn.)-i iwPZ KweZv| hv Zuvi Ô¸wj¯—uvÕ Kve¨MÖš’ nÕ‡Z DrKwjZ| ejv nq †h, AÎ KweZvi †kl `yÕjvBb wZwb ¯^cœ‡hv‡M ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU †_‡K cÖvß nb| AZGe GwU mivmwi ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi c¶ †_‡K cvVv‡bv ìƒ` wnmv‡e MY¨Õ| A_P GB Kvwnbxi †Kvb weï× wfwË †bB| ZvQvov Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wki‡Ki MÜ| hv gvbyl‡K Avj−vn&i ¯—‡i †cuŠ‡Q †`q| GLv‡b ivm~j (Qvt)-†K b~‡ii ˆZix Kíbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| huvi †`‡ni Av‡jvK”QUvq AÜKvi `~ixf~Z n‡q‡Q| GwU KziAvb we‡ivax AvK¡x`v ( K vnd 1 8 / 1 1 0)| ìƒ‡ì bv‡g GBme KweZv Aek¨B cwiZ¨vR¨|

(6) Av`g (Avt) Avj−vn&i Avi‡ki bx‡P jv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vn&i mv‡_ Ôgynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj−vnÕ bvg †`‡L gynv¤§v‡ì Amxjvq ¶gv Pvb| d‡j Avj−vn Zuv‡K ¶gv K‡ib|

(7) †gÔiv‡Ri mgq Avj−vn cvK Zuvi bex‡K RyZv mn Avi‡k Av‡ivnb Ki‡Z e‡jb, hv‡Z Avi‡ki †MŠie e„w× cvq (bv E h ywe j−v n )|

(8) ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi R‡b¥i Le‡i Lykx n‡q Av½yj DuwP‡q Avb›` cÖKvk Kivi Kvi‡Y I msev` `vbKvwibx `vmx QyIqvBev‡K gy³ Kivi Kvi‡Y Rvnvbœv‡g Avey jvnv‡ei nv‡Zi `yÕwU Av½yj cyo‡e bv| GQvovI cÖwZ †mvgevi ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Rb¥ wè‡m Rvnvbœv‡g Avey jvnv‡ei kvw¯—


gxjv` cÖm½ 22 22

gIK‚d Kiv nq I `yÕAv½yj Pz‡l wZwb cvwb cvb K‡ib e‡j PvPv AveŸvm-Gi bv‡g cÖPwjZ Zuvi Kv‡di Ae¯’vi GKwU ¯^‡cœi eY©bv|

(9) gv Av‡gbvi cÖmeKv‡j RvbœvZ nÕ‡Z wewe gwiqg, wewe Avwmqv, gv nv‡Riv mK‡j `ywbqvq †b‡g G‡m mevi Aj‡¶¨ avÎxi KvR K‡ib|

(10) bexi Rb¥ gyn~‡Z© KvÔevi g~wZ©¸wj ûgwo †L‡q c‡o, †iv‡gi AwMœ DcvmK‡ì ÔwkLv Awbe©vYÕ¸wj `c K‡i wb‡f hvq| evZv‡mi MwZ, b`xi cÖevn, m~‡h©i Av‡jv mvgwqKfv‡e eÜ n‡q hvq BZ¨vw`...|28

Dc‡ii welq¸wj meB evbvIqvU| †`Lyb gIh~ÔAv‡Z Kexi cÖf„wZ|

(11) 2012 mv‡ji b‡f¤‡i †`‡ki GKwU KIgx gv`ªvmvi wk¶K R‰bK gydZx Ôwgjv` I wKqv‡gi AKvU¨ cÖgvYÕ bv‡g Akªve¨ fvlvq Ges †jL‡Ki bvg weK…Z K‡i Avgv‡ì Ôgxjv` cÖm½Õ eB‡qi wei“‡× 44 c„ôvi GKwU eB cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| hvi g‡a¨ wZwb 8wU AvqvZ I 12wU nv`xQ w`‡q Ôgxjv`Õ Ges 4wU AvqvZ I 4wU nv`xQ w`‡q ÔwK¡qvgÕ cÖgvY K‡i‡Qb| †mB mv‡_ gxjv‡ì c‡¶ Bgvg I gynvwÏQM‡Yi 24wU Ges wK¡qv‡gi c‡¶ 15wU drIqv QvovI gxjv`-wK¡qv‡gi c‡¶ 100Rb gydZxi drIqv D×„Z K‡i‡Qb|

gxjv‡ì c‡¶ Zvi AvbxZ AvqvZ¸wj nÕj : (1) Av‡j Bgivb 3/164 (2) Avnhve 33/9 (3) †hvnv 93/11 (4-5) ZIev 9/128 (6) kin 94/4 (7) Qd 61/6 (8) BDbym 10/58| AZtci AvbxZ 12wU nv`x‡Qi cÖ_g `yÕwU AwZ cÖwm× Rvj nv`xQ| †hLv‡b ivm~j (Qvt)-†K Ôb~iÕ evbv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges wZwb bv nÕ‡j Avj−vn Avmgvb-hgxb wKQzB m„wó Ki‡Zb bvÕ ejv n‡q‡Q| hvi g‡a¨ gxjv`-wK¡qv‡gi †Kvb cÖgvY †bB|

Zvi eB‡qi 9wU wk‡ivbvg co‡jB wfZ‡ii †jLbxi mvieËv Dcjwä Kiv hv‡e| †hgb (1) Ômg¯— bexMY wbR wbR D¤§vZ‡ì wbKU ûRyi cvK (mvt)-Gi gxjv` K‡i‡Qb| †KviAvb kixd Zvi cÖgvYÕ (c„. 3)| (2) Ôgxjv` kixd †d‡i¯—vM‡Yi mybœvZÕ| (3) Ôgxjv` kixd cvV Kiv 28. †gŠjy‡` w`jcQ›`, †gŠjy‡` Qv`x, Avj-BbQvd, wgjv` gvnwdj cÖf„wZ `ªóe¨|


gxjv` cÖm½ 23 23

ûRyi cvK (`t)-Gi mybœvZÕ (c„. 4)| (4) Ôgxjv` kixd mvnvev‡ì mybœvZ A_©vr mybœv‡Z mvnevÕ (c„. 6)| (5) Ôgxjv` kixd m¤ú‡K© †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb‡ì ewY©Z nvw`m kixd mg~nÕ (c„. 9)| (6) Ôwgjv` kixd m¤ú‡K© weL¨vZ Cgvg I gynvwÏmMY †KviAvb kixd, nvw`m kixd Gi `„óv‡š— hv wbY©q K‡i wM‡q‡Q Zv‡ì Dw³¸wj wb‡gœ DØyZ Kiv nÕjt (c„. 11)| (7) ÔgvRnv‡ei Cgvg‡ì †_‡K ïi“ K‡i hy‡M hy‡M Cgvg-†gvRZvnx` I †gvnvwÏm, gydZx Ges eyRM©v‡b`xb, Avj−vn cv‡Ki Lvm ev›`v‡ì gxjv` kix‡di Avg‡ji cÖwZ Zv‡ì ivq ev mg_©b t (c„. 12)| (8) Ôgxjv` kix‡di wKqv‡gi AKvU¨ `wjjÕ (c„. 21)| GLv‡b cÖgvY wnmv‡e 4wU AvqvZ D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| (K) dvrn 48/9 (L) kin 94/4 (M) Av‡j Bgivb 3/191 (N) evK¡vivn 2/114| (9) Ôgxjv` wKqvg m¤ú‡K© we‡k¦i mg¯— Cgvg, gyRZvnx`, Ijvgv‡q n°vbx, gynvwÏm, gydwZM‡Yi gZvgZ¸wj †jLv wKZve mg~n n‡Z wb‡gœ D‡j−L Kiv nj t (c„. 25)| GLv‡b †gvU 100wU drIqv D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q (c„. 25-39)|

e¯ËZt G¸wj meB KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi Ace¨vL¨v ê wKQzB bq| ivm~j (Qvt) I Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi RxebxB eo cÖgvY †h, †mhy‡M gxjv`-wK¡qv‡gi †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ wQj bv| KziAvb-nv`x‡Q †Kej GZUzKzB cÖgvwYZ †h, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi bvg ej‡j ev ïb‡j Zuvi Dc‡i ìƒ` co‡Z nq| hv mKj gymjgvb Qvjv‡Zi †kl êV‡K Zvkvnû‡` Ges Ab¨ mgq c‡o _v‡Kb| Gi Rb¨ c„_Kfv‡e gxjv`-wK¡qvg Abyôv‡bi †Kvb cÖgvY †bB|

gxjv`x fvB‡ì GB me wg_¨v I Rvj nv`xQ eY©bvi `ytmvnm †`L‡j kixi wkD‡i I‡V| †hLv‡b ivm~j (Qvt) ûuwkqvix D”PviY K‡i e‡jb,

��< �N�#�D 4*�@�� 50��(�H�<" � 43� �H�'�@�, �t�0�(�G�< ��< �[�+4��"7 Ô†h e¨w³ B”QvK…Zfv‡e

Avgvi bv‡g wg_¨v nv`xQ iUbv K‡i, †m Rvnvbœv‡g Zvi wVKvbv K‡i

wbK!Õ29 wZwb e‡jb, �� ?��1��F�L ��D � ��~� n�[��M4��" ��" ��< ��4��d�, �+�� t�0� ��^ "3��3�G�, �0� �� P" �)�[�1�Y��37 Ô†Zvgiv Avgv‡K wb‡q evovevwo K‡iv bv,

29.eyLvix nv/3461; wgkKvZ nv/198|


gxjv` cÖm½ 24 24

†hfv‡e bvQviviv Cmv Be‡b gvwiqvg m¤ú‡K© evovevwo K‡i‡Q| †Kbbv Avwg Avj−vn&i ev›`v e¨ZxZ wKQz bB| AZGe †Zvgiv ej, Avwg Avj−vn&i

ev›`v I Zuvi ivm~jÕ|30 †hLv‡b Avj−vn cvK Gikv` K‡ib, ��1 ��G�L ��< �X�'�� p�� Y�� T�@��^ $2�O �m��4��" ��M� ��"�1 �Q"��W��"�1 C��D �p��1� �2��D �Y�� 3��<7

Ô†h wel‡q †Zvgvi wbwðZ Ávb †bB, Zvi wcQ‡b Qy‡Uv bv| wbðqB †Zvgvi KY©, P¶z I we‡eK mewKQy (wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b) wRÁvwmZ n‡eÕ ( eby BmªvC j 1 7/ 36), †mLv‡b GB me †jv‡Kiv †KDev †R‡b-ï‡b, †KDev A‡bï Kv‡Q ï‡b wfwËnxb me KíK_v Iqv‡hi bv‡g gxjv‡ì gRwjm¸wj‡Z Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb| fve‡ZI AevK jv‡M|

16. b~‡i gynv¤§v`x

Ôb~‡i gynv¤§v`xÕi AvK¡x`v g~jZt AwMœ DcvmK I wn›`y‡ì A‰ØZev`x I m‡e©k¦iev`x AvK¡x`vi bvgvš—i| hv‡ì `„wó‡Z mªóv I m„wó‡Z †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bB| hviv e‡j, ÔhZ Kj−v ZZ Avj−vÕ| hviv ÔAvnv`Õ I ÔAvngv‡ìÕ g‡a¨ gx‡gi GKwU c`©v Qvov Avi †KvbB cv_©K¨ †`L‡Z cvq bv| †hgb ejv n‡q _v‡K ÔAvKvi wK wbivKvi †mB ieŸvbv, Avngv` ÔAvnv`Õ nÕ‡j Z‡e hvq Rvbv| gx‡gi H c`©vwU‡i DwV‡q †`L‡i gb, †`Lwe †m_vq weivR K‡i ÔAvnv`Õ wbiÄbÕ|

Z_vKw_Z gvÔ‡idvZx cxi‡ì gyix` nÕ‡j bvwK gxjv‡ì gRwj‡m ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Rxeš— †Pnviv †`Lv hvq| GKgvm LvbK¡vq wM‡q a¨vb Ki‡j KvÔev Ni †`Lv hvq| GgbwK mivmwi Avj−vn‡K †`Lv hvq| Zv‡ì cwÎKvi GKwU †KvYv cvwbi M−v‡m Wywe‡q †mB cvwb cvb Ki‡j me †ivM †m‡i hvq| Zv‡ì Ii‡mi ÔZvevi“©KÕ †L‡j GgbwK K¨vÝviI fvj nq| Zv‡ì g„Z cxi bvwK LvbK¡vi cyKz‡ii Nv‡U e‡m Ih~ Kivi mgq e`bv Qzu‡o KvÔevM„n †_‡K KzKzi †L`v‡Zb| Zv‡ì cx‡ii †`vÔAvq eû g„Z gyix` RxweZ n‡q‡Q| cx‡ii a¨v‡b dvbvwdj−vn n‡q f³iv euvk †e‡q Dc‡i D‡V bx‡P jvwd‡q c‡ob| Zviv GgbB M`M` n‡q hvb †h, 30. eyLvix nv/3445; wgkKvZ nv/4897; kvgv‡qjyZ wZiwghx nv/313| wgkKv‡Z

ÔgyËvdvK¡ ÔAvjvBnÕ wjL‡jI Qnxn gymwj‡g nv`xQwU cvIqv hvqwb| Qv‡n‡e wgiK¡vZ G wel‡q Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb|


gxjv` cÖm½ 25 25 †mLvbKvi †bvsiv cvwbi K‚qvi mv‡_ g°vi ÔhghgÕ K‚qvi mivmwi †hvMv‡hvM Av‡Q e‡j `vex K‡ib| H cvwb †L‡j bvwK me †ivM fvj n‡q hvq| cx‡ii gvhv‡ii Mv‡Q nvw`qvi wewbg‡q SzU Kvc‡oi UzKiv Szwj‡q w`‡j g„Z cx‡ii †`vÔAvq mKj gykwKj Avmvb n‡q hvq| gxjv`f³iv ivm~j‡K mivmwi ¯^‡cœ †`L‡Z cvb| GgbwK Zuvi cÖksmvq KweZv cvV Kivq wZwb bvwK Lykx n‡q ¯xq Kei †_‡K nvZ †ei K‡i f‡³i mv‡_ gyQvdvnv K‡i‡Qb| †h `„k¨ †`‡L‡Qb ÔeocxiÕ Avãyj K¡v‡ì Rxjvbxmn cÖvq 90nvhvi gvbyl| GB me D™¢U Mí I Kzdix AvK¡x`v cÖPv‡ii †gv¶g my‡hvM nÕj gxjv` I Ii‡mi gRwjm¸wj| eZ©gv‡b cÎ-cwÎKvq I †iwWI-wUwf‡Z Pj‡Q hvi RqRqKvi| Avj−vn Avgv‡ì i¶v Ki“b- Avgxb!

†R‡b ivLv DwPZ †h, Avgv‡ì bex b~‡ii m„wó I †d‡ikZv‡ì bex wQ‡jb bv| eis wZwb wQ‡jb gvwUi m„wó I gvby‡li bex| gvby‡li mKj êwkó¨ Zuvi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb wQj| †mKviY Avj−vn ¯xq bex‡K e‡jb, ��

��4��Oj �� T��J�� <��@�; ?�B3�� 4*��O ��4�� j ��&��O TY+��O 41 T0+�B"} ÔZzwg ej, wbðq Avwg †Zvgv‡ìB gZ GKRb gvbyl e¨ZxZ bB| Avgvi wbK‡U Anx Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, †Zvgv‡ì Dcvm¨ gvÎ GKRbÕ ( K vnd 1 8 / 1 1 0)|

weMZ D¤§Z¸wj Zv‡ì ¯^ ¯^ bex‡K Ô†d‡ikZv bexÕ wnmv‡e `vex K‡iwQj, Ôgvbyl bexÕ wnmv‡e bq| Zv‡ì wbK‡U Zv‡ìB ga¨ †_‡K GKRb‡K bex wnmv‡e †cÖiY Kivq Zv‡ì we¯§‡qi K_v eY©bv K‡i Avj−vn e‡jb, 3��G�,s T��J�� 4��1�0�&�� "1��W��, "�3$��3�L�1 ?��i�H�)"�1 bP" bP"�1 Z*+��>

T0+'��B7 ÔZviv ejZ, gvbyl wK Avgv‡ì c_ †`Lv‡e? AZtci Zviv Zv‡ì cÖZ¨vL¨vb KiZ I gyL wdwi‡q wbZ| A_P Avj−vn Zv‡ì AvbyM‡Zï gyLv‡c¶x bb| Avj−vn Afvegy³ I cÖkswmZÕ ( Z vMveyb 64 / 6)|

G hy‡Mi gymwjg bvgavix gykwiK I we`ÔAvZxiv †klbex gynv¤§v` (Qvj−vj−vû ÔAvjvB‡n Iqv mvj−vg)-†K Ôb~‡ii bexÕ evwb‡q cÖKvivš—‡i weMZ hy‡Mi Kv‡di‡ì b¨vq Zuv‡K Ô†d‡ikZv bexÕ evbv‡Z Pvq| Zviv KziAvb-nv`xQ I bex Rxeb‡K my‡KŠk‡j A¯xKvi K‡i `ywbqv nvwQj Ki‡Z Pvq| A_P GUvB ev¯—e †h, wZwb Ôgvbyl bexÕ wQ‡jb Ges


gxjv` cÖm½ 26 26

gvby‡li b¨vq ¶zav-Z…òv I myL-`yt‡Li AwaKvix wQ‡jb| GR‡b¨B Avj−vn cvK e‡j‡Qb, ��<�1 ��<�� ;�D� �P�� $��O ��1 �23�D��J�<7 ÔZv‡ì AwaKvsk Avj−vn‡K wek¦vm K‡i| A_P †mB mv‡_ wkiK K‡iÕ (B D myd 12/ 106)|

17. AvbyôvwbKZvq e›`x Bmjvg evc-gv‡qi ¯§„wZ †hgb mš—v‡bi g‡a¨ me© v RvMi“K _v‡K, wcÖqbex gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-Gi ¯§„wZ †Zgwb gymwjg Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU ci‡Z ci‡Z me© v RvMi“K _v‡K| eQ‡ii GKw`b, `yÕw`b ev gvm e¨vcx gxjv`ybœex, mxivZzbœex, BqvIgybœex ev `vÔIqvZzbœexi RuvKRgKc~Y© Abyôvb Kiv eis bexi wPiš—b Av`k©‡K Lv‡Uv KiviB kvwgj| Bmjvgx ms¯‹…wZ‡Z GKvi‡YB Kv‡iv Rb¥evwl©Kx, g„Zy evwl©Kx ev Ab¨ †Kvb wèm I evwl©Kx cvj‡bi AbygwZ †bB| GgbwK AwZ cweÎ RygÔAvi wèm‡K wQqvg I ivwÎ‡K Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ LvQ K‡i wb‡Z Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) wb‡la K‡i‡QbÕ|31 Bmjv‡g wèm cvj‡bi weavb _vK‡j eQ‡ii 365 w`‡bi cÖwZ w`bB GgbwK ˆ`wbK GKvwaK wèm cvj‡bi Ae¯’v m„wó nÕZ| Bmjv‡g ZvB wèm cvjb bq, eis Av`k© Abymi‡Yi ¸i“Z¡ †ekx|

cÖPwjZ wèm I evwl©Kx cvj‡bi †iIqvR Agymwjg‡ì AbyKi‡Y wewfbœ gymwjg †`‡k Pvjy n‡q‡Q| gi‡°v‡Z evwl©Kx cvjb‡K ÔgIwmgÕ )�)3<( ev C` e‡j| KviY Zviv eQ‡i GKevi Drme AvKv‡i GUv cvjb K‡i| AvjwRwiqvq Ôhviv`vnÕ )�g�[�Q-( ev nvjK¡vn ejv nq| †Kbbv Zviv ÔAwjÕi bv‡g DrmMx©Z Lvbv-wcbvq eiKZ Av‡Q g‡b K‡i †Mvj n‡q e‡m Lye `ª“Z †L‡Z fvjev‡m| †Kvb †Kvb †`‡k GUv‡K ÔnhiZÕ

) �K+B( ejv nq †jvK‡ì e¨vcK Dcw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y A_ev Zv‡ì wek¦vm g‡Z H Abyôv‡b Zv‡ì wcÖq Awj ev fw³fvRb e¨w³i cweÎ iƒn nvwhi nIqvi Kvi‡Y| Z‡e wgmi ev ga¨cÖv‡Pï Ab¨Î Rb¥evwl©Kx‡K ÔgvIwj`Õ )�<�3 +��0( ejv nq| AZtci Hme Abyôv‡bi cwiwa I DcvPvi-Dcv`vb Zvi Av‡qvRK‡ì m”QjZvi wnmv‡e Kg‡ekx n‡q _v‡K| AwaKvsk †¶‡Î Drm‡ei mvaviY ixwZ Abyhvqx cÖPzi Lvbv- 31. gymwjg nv/1144; wgkKvZ nv/2052 Ôbdj wQqvgÕ Aby‡”Q`|


gxjv` cÖm½ 27 27 wcbv, bvix-cyi“‡li Aeva †gjv‡gkv, bvP-Mvb, ev`¨-evRbv, †gjv emv‡bv I mv‡_ mv‡_ g„Z Awj ev fw³fvRb e¨w³i D‡Ï‡k¨ †Rv‡i-†kv‡i wb‡R‡ì Kvgbv-evmbv wb‡e`b BZ¨vKvi n‡iK iK‡gi Abyôv‡b GBme evwl©Kx¸wj gyLi _v‡K|

wèm I evwl©Kx cvj‡b miKvix c„ô‡cvlKZv e¨vcKfv‡e KvR K‡i _v‡K| d‡j B”Qvq †nŠK Awb”Qvq †nŠK miKvix myweavwì my‡hv‡M ev †jŠwKKZvi Kvi‡Y A‡b‡K GBme wkiK I we`ÔAvZx Abyôv‡b †hvM`vb ev mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z eva¨ nb| µ‡gB GUv GKcÖKvi †iIqv‡R cwiYZ n‡q hvq| †hgb eZ©gv‡b A‡bK gymwjg †`‡k miKvix I †emiKvixfv‡e gxjv`, k‡eeivZ-k‡e †gÔivR, KzjLvbx-†Pnjvg cÖf„wZ cvjb A‡bKUv wbqwgZ I mvaviY Abyôv‡b cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| Av‡jg mgv‡Ri Kv‡QI GUv Mv mIqv n‡q wM‡q‡Q| A_P a‡g©i bv‡g GBme evowZ I ev‡R Li‡Pi Abyôv‡b KZ kZ †KvwU UvKv †h cÖwZ eQi gymjgv‡bi Ni †_‡K P‡j hv‡”Q Ges A‡bK †¶‡Î mgv‡R I AvZ¥xq-¯^R‡bi g‡a¨ A‡nZzK weev‡ì I gb KlvKwli KviY n‡”Q, Zvi Lei †K iv‡L? m‡e©vcwi GB me Abyôvb gymwjg Rxe‡bi mnR-mij Rxebaviv‡K †h wbg©g AvbyôvwbKZv me© ^ K‡i †d‡j, Zvi PvB‡Z eo ¶wZ `ywbqv‡Z Avi wKQyB nÕ‡Z cv‡i bv| GQvov Av‡Liv‡Z Rvnvbœv‡gi K‡Vvi kvw¯— †Zv Av‡QB|

GK`v Bgvg gv‡jK (93-179 wn.) ¯xq QvÎ Bgvg kv‡dC (150-204 wn.)-†K e‡jb, �< $��D $2�O�� @�� ?�&�0�[ �)6 �P" �:3 1 Y+'@� P" *@

@) �1 � �6�.�Y�� Q �� 5�� " �� '�3 �Q �h��5�7 �1 ��:� : �, �v�0�H��" ��< ��" ?�d�)�V �� h�0�� E��,�� B �� , �E�G�0 �< $2 ��g �.4� "50?$@�6 bP" �Y�'�@�� $@�)�1 �� 0 ��" �2�� +�)��E7

Ôivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) I Zuvi QvnvexM‡Yi mg‡q †hme welq ÔØxbÕ wnmv‡e M„nxZ wQj bv, eZ©gvbKv‡jI Zv ÔØxbÕ wnmv‡e M„nxZ n‡e bv| †h e¨w³ a‡g©i bv‡g Bmjv‡g †Kvb bZzb cÖ_v Pvjy Kij, AZtci Zv‡K DËg (ev Ôwe`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvnÕ) g‡b Kij, †m aviYv K‡i wbj †h, Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) ¯xq wimvjv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b †LqvbZ K‡i‡QbÕ (bvEhywej−vn)|32 A_P we`vq n‡¾i w`b ïµevi mÜ¨vq Bmjv‡gi 32. Avj-BbQvd 32 c„.|


gxjv` cÖm½ 28 28

c~Y©v½Zvi mb` wnmv‡e Avj−vn cvK bvwhj K‡ib, �'��"�h�3 �y+�@��D� �+�� Q �y��L� �1 ��'�@�� *�H��(�� y'�%�[�1 �� V�)�d��"�h �5��Q^ ÔAvR‡Ki w`‡b

Avwg †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ †Zvgv‡ì Øxb‡K cwic~Y© K‡i w`jvg I †Zvgv‡ì Dc‡i Avgvi †bÔgZ‡K m¤ú~Y© Kijvg Ges Bmjvg‡K †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ Øxb wnmv‡e g‡bvbxZ Kijvg... ( g v‡ q ` vn 5/ 3)| D³ AvqvZwU ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Dci Zuvi g„Zz i gvÎ 81 w`b c~‡e© bvwhj nq| Gic‡i Bmjv‡g †Kvbiƒc †hvM-we‡qvM Kivi AwaKvi Kvi“ †bB|

Bgvg kv‡dC (int) e‡jb, �DC� �<� � �B�0�A �<4�� I�� D�H5�� 1 +�)4��E 1 �O�_��5�� ,�&�3 ��0 +��SE7 ÔwbðqB wKZve, mybœvZ I BRgvÔ-Gi wecixZ hv

wKQzi D™¢e n‡e, meB we`ÔAvZÕ ( A vj - BbQ vd 32 c „. )| cÖkœ nÕj, cÖPwjZ Ôgxjv`ybœexÕi cÖ_v wKZve, mybœvn, BRgv, †KvbUvi g‡a¨B †bB| ZvnÕ‡j GUv‡K we`ÔAvZ Qvov Avi wK ejv hv‡e? hvi cwiYwZ nÕj Rvnvbœvg!

gxjv`ybœex ev Abyiƒc wèm mg~n I evwl©Kx cvjb Bmjv‡gi ¯^Y©hy‡M cwic~Y© Øx‡bi g‡a¨ wQj bv| cieZx©‡Z weåvwš—i hy‡M `yógwZ †jvK‡ì gva¨‡g Bmjv‡gi †jevm cwiavb K‡i gymwjg mgv‡R G¸wj cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| Nywi‡q-†cuwP‡q Rv‡qh Kivi KzU †KŠkj †Q‡o mivmwi mybœvn&i Abymi‡Yi g‡a¨B gvby‡li gyw³ wbwnZ| AZGe Gme †_‡K `~‡i _vKv KZ©e¨|

`yf©vM¨, evsjv‡`‡k Bmjvg e›`x n‡q c‡o‡Q miKvix I †emiKvix KZK¸wj †iIqvR I AvbyôvwbKZvi g‡a¨| Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU †¶Î‡K cweÎ KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Qi Av‡jv‡K M‡o Zzjevi †gŠwjK `vwqZ¡ †hb gymjgvb AvR fyj‡Z e‡m‡Q|

18. †cÖ‡gi cÖ k©bx

Avj−vn e‡jb, �� 2�O ��H��D �23/ �.�L kP" *��3�(� 4L��, �� .�� bP" ��W�i��1 �+�� 3+��q^ (†n bex!) ÔZzwg ej, hw` †Zvgiv Avj−vn‡K fvjevm, Z‡e

Avgvi AbymiY Ki| ZvnÕ‡j Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì fvjevm‡eb I †Zvgv‡ì †Mvbvnmg~n gvd K‡i w`‡ebÕ ( A v‡ j Bg i vb 3/ 31 )|


gxjv` cÖm½ 29 29

D³ Avqv‡Z †klbex (Qvt)-Gi AbymiY‡K Avj−vn&i fvjevmvi c~e©kZ© wnmv‡e ejv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ cÖPwjZ gxjv` Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡g Avgiv Kvi AbymiY KiwQ? ivm~j (Qvt) wK Rxe‡b KL‡bv Zuvi wb‡Ri gxjv` ev Rb¥ I g„Zz evwl©Kx cvjb K‡i‡Qb? Zuvi Rxe‡bi †kªô PviRb mv_x, msKU gyn~‡Z©i m½x, `yÕRb k¦ïi I `yÕRb RvgvB, Rxe‡bi †P‡q hviv bex‡K †ekx fvjevm‡Zb, †mB gnvb Pvi Ljxdv `xN© wÎk eQi †Ljvd‡Z AwawôZ wQ‡jb| Zuviv †Zv KL‡bv ivóªxqfv‡e wKsev e¨w³MZfv‡e wcÖqbexi D‡Ï‡k¨ Ôgxjv`Õ Abyôvb K‡ibwb| D¤§‡Zi †kªô e¨w³Z¡ Qvnvev‡q †Kivg, Zv‡eC‡b Ghvg ev gynvwÏQ I gyRZvwn`M‡Yi †KD †Zv KL‡bv gxjv` Abyôvb K‡ibwb|

evsjv‡`‡k eZ©gv‡b (2000 mv‡j) GKw`b wkí-KviLvbv eÜ _vK‡j bvwK Kgc‡¶ mv‡o Pvi kZ †KvwU UvKv †jvKmvb nq| gvbbxq A_©gš¿xi †Ìqv GB wnmve hw` mwVK nq, Z‡e †Kb a‡g©i bv‡g GKRb MfY©‡ii Avwe®K…Z we`ÔAvZx Abyôvb cvj‡bi Rb¨ miKvix QywU †NvlYv Kiv nq? †KbBev GB we`ÔAvZx Abyôvb cvj‡bi gva¨‡g †KvwU †KvwU UvKv e¨‡q cÖwZ eQi wg_¨v bex‡cÖ‡gi cÖ k©bx Kiv nq? Avgiv wK Z‡e AbymiY KiwQ Avj−vn&i bexi, bv we`ÔAvZx MfY©i KzKzeyixi?

GLb Avi gxjv` †Kej evwl©Kx bq, eis ni-nv‡gkv wewfbœ Dcj‡¶ gxjv` n‡”Q| gxjv` †hb Kj¨v‡Yi I gyw³i Amxjv| QvjvZx‡ì †P‡q †e-QvjvZx‡ì N‡iB †hb gxjv‡ì miMig †ekx| Z‡e gxjv`x †gŠjex Qv‡neiv m¤¢eZt wbR evox‡Z KL‡bvB gxjv` K‡ib bv| A‡bï evox‡Z gxjv` cov ev cov‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Zuv‡ì AvMÖn LyeB †ekx †`Lv hvq|

eZ©gv‡b gxjv` ivRbxwZi nvwZqvi wnmv‡eI eëüZ n‡”Q| weMZ hy‡M MfY©i KzKzeyix †hgb gxjv` Pvjy K‡i Rbmvavi‡Yi agx©q Abyf~wZ‡K AvK…ó Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb| eZ©gvb hy‡MI †Zgwb miKvi I ivR‰bwZK `j¸wj †mB c_ AbymiY Ki‡Q| Giv gy‡L a‡g©i K_v ej‡jI Avm‡j Pvb †fvUvi‡ì gb¯‘wó| wkiK I we`ÔAvZ‡K Giv ïay ei`vkZ-B K‡ib bv, eis jvL jvL UvKv e¨‡q eo eo Abyôvb K‡ib| Aaybv bex‡cÖ‡gi gnov †`wL‡q kn‡i-bM‡i eo eo i¨vjx I wgwQ‡ji cÖ k©bx


gxjv` cÖm½ 30 30

ïi“ n‡q‡Q| Pj‡Q ÔRk‡b Ryj~mÕ bv‡g knie¨vcx UªvK wgwQ‡ji gnov| A_P AwZ cweÎ QvjvZI hw` †jvK †`Lv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ nq, ZvnÕ‡j QIqve †Zv `~‡ii K_v, eis †mB QvjvZ wki‡K cwiYZ nq Ges H gyQj−x Kexiv †MvbvnMvi nqÕ|33

hw` Zviv mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© Bmjv‡gi Lv‡`g nÕ‡Zb, ZvnÕ‡j wkiK I we`ÔAvZ‡K DrLvZ KivB Zv‡ì Rxe‡bi cÖavb j¶¨ nÕZ| hy‡Mi †`vnvB †c‡o cvðv‡Zï Kzdix ivRbxwZi mv‡_ Av‡cvl bv K‡i Bmjv‡gi wbR¯^ ivR‰bwZK I mvgvwRK eë¯’v cÖwZôvq Av‡cvlnxbfv‡e GwM‡q †h‡Zb| Bmjv‡gi wL`g‡Zi e‡`Šj‡ZB nq‡Zvev Avj−vncvK Zv‡ì Dc‡i ing Ki‡Zb| A_ev hw` Zviv mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© RbM‡Yi Lv‡`g nÕ‡Zb, ZvnÕ‡j †KvwU †KvwU UvKv wewfbœ wkiKx I we`ÔAvZx Abyôv‡bi wcQ‡b AcPq bv K‡i H UvKv w`‡q G‡`‡ki AMwYZ f~Lv-bv½v gvby‡li Abœ-e¯¿-evm¯’vb I wPwKrmvi b~ bZg eë¯’v K‡i A‡kl QIqv‡ei AwaKvix nÕ‡Zb| mv‡_ mv‡_ †`kx-we‡`kx m~ ‡Lvi `v`b eëmvqx I GbwRI-†ì Là‡i c‡o A_©-m¤ú` I Cgvb nviv‡bv †_‡K `wi`ª RbmvaviY‡K wKQyUv nÕ‡jI euvPv‡Z cvi‡Zb| Avj−vn cvK Avgv‡ì mKj‡K mybœv‡Zi Abymvix n‡q Zuvi wcÖq ev›`v nIqvi ZvIdxK `vb Ki“b|- Avgxb! )�*! � +� ��, -�./ 0 1�234 56 7! � 8 �9�3:�� ;�<& !=� >� ?� @& A6 Ômybœv‡Zi iv¯—v a‡i wbf©‡q Pj †n cw_K! RvbœvZzj †di‡`Š‡m wmav P‡j

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33. Avngv` nv/15876; wZiwghx nv/3154; wgkKvZ nv/5318 Ôü`q Mjv‡bvÕ Aa¨vq ÔwiqvÕ Aby‡”Q`|


gxjv` cÖm½ 31 31 †jLK : gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 1. Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb wK I †Kb? 6ô ms¯‹iY (25/=)| 2. H, Bs‡iRx (40/=)| 3. Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb: DrcwË I µgweKvk; `w¶Y Gwkqvi †cÖw¶Zmn (W±‡iU w_wmm)| 200/= 4. QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt), 4_© ms¯‹iY (100/=)| 5. H, Bs‡iRx (200/=)| 6. bex‡ì Kvwnbx-1, 2q ms¯‹iY (120/=)| 7. bex‡ì Kvwnbx-2 (100/=)| 8. bex‡ì Kvwnbx-3 [mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy ªY] 450/=| 9. Zvdmxi“j KziAvb 30Zg cviv, 3q gy ªY (300/=)| 10. wdiK¡v bvwRqvn, 2q ms¯‹iY (25/=)| 11. BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ, 2q ms¯‹iY (20/=)| 12. mgvR wec−‡ei aviv, 3q ms¯‹iY (12/=)| 13. wZbwU gZev`, 2q ms¯‹iY (25/=)| 14. wRnv` I wK¡Zvj, 2q ms¯‹iY (35/=)| 15. nv`x‡Qi cÖvgvwYKZv, 2q ms¯‹iY (30/=)| 16. ag©wbi‡c¶Zvev`, 2q ms¯‹iY (25/=)| 17. Rxeb `k©b, 2q ms¯‹iY (25/=)| 18. w`M`k©b-1 (80/=)| 19. w`M`k©b-2 (100/=)| 20. `vIqvZ I wRnv`, 3q ms¯‹iY (15/=)| 21. Aviex K¡v‡q`v (1g fvM) (25/=)| 22. H, (2q fvM) (40/=)| 23. H, (3q fvM) ZvRex` wk¶v (40/=)| 24. AvK¡x`v Bmjvwgqvn, 4_© cÖKvk (10/=)| 25. gxjv` cÖm½, 6ô cÖKvk (20/=)| 26. k‡eeivZ, 4_© ms¯‹iY (15/=)| 27. Avk~iv‡q gynviig I Avgv‡ì KiYxq, 2q cÖKvk (20/=)| 28. D`vË AvnŸvb (10/=)| 29. ˆbwZK wfwË I cÖ —vebv, 2q ms¯‹iY (10/=)| 30. gvmv‡q‡j Kzievbx I AvK¡xK¡v, 5g ms¯‹iY (20/=)| 31. ZvjvK I Zvnjxj, 3q ms¯‹iY (25/=)| 32. n¾ I Igivn (30/=)| 33. Bbmv‡b Kv‡gj, 2q ms¯‹iY (20/=)| 34. Qwe I g~wZ©, 2q ms¯‹iY (30/=)| 35. wnsmv I AnsKvi (30/=)| 36. we`ÔAvZ nÕ‡Z mveavb, Aby: (Aviex) -kvqL web evh (20/=)| 37. bqwU cÖ‡kœi DËi, Aby: (Aviex)-kvqL Avjevbx (15/=)| 38. mvjvdx `vIqv‡Zi g~jbxwZ Aby: (Aviex)-Avãyi ingvb Avãyj Lv‡jK (35/=)| 39. R½xev` cÖwZ‡iv‡a wKQz civgk© Ges Pigcš’x‡ì wek¦vmMZ weåvwš—i Reve (15/=)| 40. ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb evsjv‡`kÕ wK Pvq, †Kb Pvq I wKfv‡e Pvq?, 2q cÖKvk (15/=)| 41. gvj I gh©v`vi †jvf (15/=)| 42. gvbweK g~j¨‡eva, 2q ms¯‹iY (30/=)| 43. KziAvb Abyaveb (25/=)| 44. evqÔG gyAv¾vj (20/=)| 45. g„Zz ‡K ¯§iY (25/=)| 46. mgvR cwieZ©‡bi ¯’vqx Kg©m~Px (25/=)| 47. Avie we‡k¦ BmªvC‡ji AvMÖvmx bxj bKkv, Aby: (Bs‡iRx) -gvng~ kxQ LvË¡ve (40/=)| 48. AwQqZ bvgv, Aby: (dvm©x) -kvn AwjDj−vn †`njfx (int) (25/=)| 49. Bmjvgx †LjvdZ I †bZ…Z¡ wbe©vPb, 2q ms¯‹iY (30/=)| 50. wk¶v eë¯’v : cÖ —vebv mg~n (30/=)| 51. Zvdmxi“j KziAvb 26-28k cviv (350/=)| 52. Zvdmxi“j KziAvb 29Zg cviv (140/=)| †jLK : gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx 1. AvK¡x`v‡q †gvnv¤§v`x ev gvhnv‡e Avn‡jnv`xQ, 6ô cÖKvk (10/=)| 2. †KviAvb I K‡jgvLvbx mgm¨v mgvavb, 2q cÖKvk (30/=)| †jLK : †kL AvLZvi †nv‡mb 1. mvwnwZ¨K gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx, 2q ms¯‹iY (18/=)| †jLK : kvn gynv¤§v` nvexeyi ingvb 1. m~ (25/=)| 2. H, Bs‡iRx (50/=)| †jLK : Avãyj−v‡nj Kvdx Avj-†Kvivqkx 1. GKwU c‡Îi RIqve, 3q cÖKvk (12/=)| †jLK : gynv¤§v` b~i“j Bmjvg 1. Qnxn wKZvey †`vÔAv, 3q ms¯‹iY (35/=)| 2. mv‡o 16 gv‡mi Kviv¯§„wZ (40/=)|

Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ cÖKvwkZ eB mg~n


gxjv` cÖm½ 32 32 †jLK : W. gynv¤§v` Kvexi“j Bmjvg 1. âh© : ¸i“Z¡ I Zvrch© (30/=)| 2. ga¨cš’v : ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv (30/=)| 3. a‡g© evovevwo, Aby: (D`~©) -Avãyj Mvddvi nvmvb (18/=)| 4. Bmjvgx cwievi MV‡bi Dcvq (40/=)| 5. gywgb wKfv‡e w`b-ivZ AwZevwnZ Ki‡e (35/=)| 6. Bmjv‡g cÖwZ‡ekxi AwaKvi (25/=)| 7. AvZ¥xqZvi m¤úK© (25/=)| †jLK : kvgmyj Avjg 1. wkïi evsjv wk¶v (30/=)| Abyev`K : Avãyj gv‡jK 1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b weR‡qi ¯iƒc, Aby: (Aviex) -W. bv‡Qi web †mvjvqgvb (30/=)| 2. †h mKj nvivg †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv DwPZ, Aby: (Aviex) -gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (35/=)| 3. †bZ…‡Z¡i †gvn, Aby: -H (25/=)| 4. gybvwdKx, Aby: - H (25/=)| 5. cÖe„wËi AbymiY, Aby: - H (20/=)| 6. Avj−vn&i Dci fimv, Aby: - H (25/=)| 7. fyj ms‡kva‡b beex c×wZ, Aby: - H (25/=)| 8. BLjvQ, Aby: -H (25/=)| 9. Pvi Bgv‡gi AvK¡x`v, Aby: (Aviex) - W. gynv¤§v` web Avãyi ingvb Avj-LygvBwqm (25/=)| 10. kixÔAv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K RvgvÔAvZe× cÖ‡Póv, Aby: (Aviex) -Avãyi ingvb Avãyj Lv‡jK (25/=)| †jLK : b~i“j Bmjvg 1. Bnmvb Bjvnx hnxi (30/=)| 2. kviC BgviZ, Aby: (D`~©) 20/=| 3. GK bh‡i Avn‡jnv`xQ‡ì AvK¡x`v I Avgj, Aby: (D`©~) -nv‡dh hyev‡qi Avjx hvC (25/=)| †jLK : idxK Avngv` 1. Amxg mËvi AvnŸvb (80/=)| 2. Avj−vn ¶gvkxj (30/=)| †jwLKv : kixdv LvZzb 1. el©eiY (15/=)| Abyev`K : Avngv yj−vn 1. Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU êwkó¨MZ bvg, Aby: (D`~©) -hyev‡qi Avjx hvC (50/=)| 2. hyeK‡ì wKQz mgm¨v, Aby: (Aviex) -gynv¤§v` web Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb (20/=)| 3. Bmjv‡g ZvK¡jx‡ì weavb Aby: (D`~©) -hyev‡qi Avjx hvC (30/=)| Abyev`K : gynv¤§v` Avãyi inxg 1. we`ÔAvZ I Zvi AwbóKvwiZv, Aby: (Aviex) -gynv¤§v` web Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb (20/=)| 2. RvgvÔAvZe× Rxeb hvc‡bi Acwinvh©Zv, Aby: W. nv‡dh web gynv¤§v` Avj-nvKvgx (30/=)| Abyev`K : Zvbhxjyi ingvb 1. Avn‡jnv`xQ RvgvÔAv‡Zi wei“‡× KwZcq wg_¨v Acev` ch©v‡jvPbv, Aby: (D`©~) -gvIjvbv Avey hv‡q` hgxi (30/=)| Avj-†niv wkíx‡Mvôx 1. RvMiYx (25/=)| M‡elYv wefvM nv.dv.ev. 1. nv`x‡Qi Mí (25/=)| 2. M‡íi gva¨‡g Ávb (50/=)| 3. drIqv msKjb, gvwmK AvZ-ZvnixK (19Zg el©) 80/=| 4. H, 18Zg el© 80/=| 5. ØxwbqvZ wk¶v cÖ_g fvM (30/=)| 6. ØxwbqvZ wk¶v wØZxq fvM (45/=)| 7. mvaviY Ávb cÖ_g fvM (30/=)| 8. †ÌqvjcÎ †gvU 3wU : Rxe‡bi mdim~Px (50/=)| 9. Qvjv‡Zi ci cwVZe¨ †`vÔAv mg~n (50/=)| 10. ˆ`bw›`b cwVZe¨ †`vÔAv mg~n (50/=)| GZØ¨ZxZ ÔcÖPvicÎÕ Ghver †gvU 14wU| †jLK I Abyev`K‡ì eB : 90wU Ges nv.dv.ev. M‡elYv wefvM : 10wU| †gvU : 100wU|

ÔeB weZiY cÖK‡íÕ A_© †cÖi‡Yi wVKvbv : nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k eB weµq wefvM Avj-Avivdvn Bmjvgx e¨vsK, ivRkvnx kvLv

wnmve bs 0071020010473


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