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1 Polymer HPLC Thinking Outside the Silica Framework: Alternate Supports for HPLC and When to Use Them Hamilton Company – The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company

Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Page 1: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

1

Polymer HPLC

Thinking Outside the Silica Framework: Alternate Supports for HPLC and When to Use Them

Hamilton Company – The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company

Page 2: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Early 1950'sClark Hamilton begins his career at UC Berkeley in the radiation lab

1953Hamilton Company is founded

1955the first 100 µL syringe 710 LTN is produced.

Early 1960'sCommercial Gas Chromatograph production increased by companies.

1962Hamilton introduces the MICROLITER syringe at Pittcon

1962A few of Hamilton's most loyal customers  F&M Scientific and  Wilkens Aerograph (later became Agilent and Varian).

1979‐1980Polymer HPLC columns (PRP) are introduced.

Is it all just about syringes?

Hamilton Company's Years in Chromatography

Page 3: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Hamilton Company’s Polymer HPLC Supports

Page 4: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Pioneer in Polymer HPLC Columns

Hamilton Company has been a pioneer in polymer HPLC column research and manufacturing for more than 30 years.

Unique, polymeric, HPLC columns and applications are a Hamilton specialty.  We have developed polymeric HPLC packings for:

• Reversed Phase

• Anion Exchange

• Cation Exchange

• Ion Exclusion

Packings and applications are available for many areas, including:

• Pharmaceuticals

• Herbicides

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• And many more

Page 5: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Silica Support Properties

• Porous silica particles – most common substrate material used for HPLC column packings. 

• Can withstand high pressures

• Compatible with most organic and aqueous mobile‐phase solvents

• Come in a wide range of bonded phases

• Silica‐based columns are often used for separations of low molecular weight analytes using mobile phase solvents and samples with a pH range of 2 to 7.5.

Page 6: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Silica End‐Capping

6

• In reversed phase LC, stationary phases based on modified silica are most frequently used

• As this modification is seldom complete, the residual silanol groups may affect the separation

• Surface silanols can interact strongly with electron‐rich atoms in groups such as –C≡N, =NO2, ‐CH2OH.

• A reversed‐phase HPLC column that is end‐capped has gone through a secondary bonding step to cover un‐reacted silanols on the silica surface.

• End‐capping is accomplished with hydrocarbyl silanes having small alkyl (usually methyl) groups

• End‐capping or silylating free silanol groups can minimize interaction for some compounds.

• Even after end‐capping, silica based adsorbents contain almost 50% of their original silanols, but they are mainly not accessible for analytes.

Page 7: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Silica Structure

Silica structure with bonded C18 chain

and exposed silanol groups

O

ClO

ClSiOSi SiO

SiO

O

SiOHSiHO

Cl

Cl

C18 chain

Page 8: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Limitations of Silica Substrates

• NaOH treatments that render pH > 10 bring along an intrinsic risk of hydrolyzing siloxane bonds in the silica matrix, which are the backbone of the porous structure.

• Continuous hydrolysis leads to deteriorating column performance

• Species used for surface modification (silanes) will elute from the column and are likely to contaminate product fractions in the case of preparative separations.

• Such leachables from the stationary phase are devastating for preparative  chromatography and are gaining more and more attention from e.g. FDA when approving drug manufacturing processes.

Page 9: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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• Silica is normally used as the packing material for HPLC columns because:• It is strong, allowing it to be used at high backpressures, and packed at even higher pressures to give a stable column with sharp peaks. 

• There are limitations to silicas:• It dissolves in water, especially at elevated temperature at higher pH, and in higher buffer concentrations. 

• Other problems are that the bonded phase can easily be stripped off by pH less than 2 because the Si‐O‐Si bond is hydrolyzed, and the residual silanol sites (SiOH groups) on the surface can cause peak tailing.

Limitations of Silica Substrates cont.

Page 10: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Introduction to Polymer Supports

10

• Various approaches are available to minimize the impact of silica limitations

• The most popular solution is to use a column with a polymer‐based packing material

• For many, this is perceived as an expensive and unknown territory

• However since the columns work comparable to silicas and can last for years, it is actually an easy and cost effective way to solve a lot of problems at once.

• Polymer columns come in a steel or PEEK tube, just like silica‐based columns, but the particles inside are a rigid polymer matrix rather than silica.

Page 11: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Polymer Properties

• Styrene (vinyl benzene) readily forms a polymer because the vinyl groups link together to form a chain.

• Cross‐linking within the styrene groups occurs with divinyl benzene, which has a second vinyl group (meta or para to the first one) 

• Cross‐linking forms a much stronger and more rigid polymer.

• For some industrial applications, very low percentages of DVB are added, but for HPLC much more DVB is used to give a high density of cross‐links ‐one of the most robust polymer supports available for HPLC

• This reaction is precisely controlled, allowing the formation of small spherical particles with a very narrow particle size distribution (within +/‐1 µm).

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Page 12: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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What is PS‐DVB?

styrene divinylbenzene

Poly(styrene‐divinylbenzene) Simplification of PS‐DVB

Page 13: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Polymers in Chromatography

• For reversed phased applications, poly(styrene‐divinylbenzene) columns are used un‐derivatized.  

• Columns packed with PS‐DVB:

• Can handle pressures over 5000psi

• Have a usable pH range of 1‐13 (allows the separation of biological samples in 

their natural state)

• Polymer columns can be cleaned with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide to remove 

strongly retained material.

• Swelling in organic solvents such as THF or chloroform is negligible because of the 

cross‐linking

• Can be operated at much higher temperatures as compared to silica based 

materials

• Excellent sample recoveries due to the lack of acidic silanol groups

• PS‐DVB resins are similar in retention characteristics to a C18 but do have a 

slightly different selectivity in some cases.

Page 14: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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PS‐DVB Resin (under the microscope)

Page 15: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

1515

Reversed Phase

• In reversed phase chromatography, the stationary bed is very nonpolar in nature (e.g., alkane chain, C8 or C18, PS‐DVB), and the mobile phase is polar (such as water).

• The stationary bed is nonpolar (hydrophobic) in nature

• Mobile phase is a polar liquid, such as mixtures of water and methanol or acetonitrile.

• The more nonpolar the analyte is, the longer it will be retained.

Page 16: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Reversed Phase Offerings

PS‐DVB PRP‐1 ‐ 100 Å, 5 µm – 75 µm, mw < 3,0005,000 psi PRP‐3 ‐ 300 Å, 10 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw > 10,0005‐85° C PRP‐Infinity ‐ non‐porous, 4 µm, mw > 10,000pH 1‐13

PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1 ‐ 100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,0005,000 psi5‐85° CpH 1‐13

PS‐DVB (penta fluorinated) PRP‐h5 ‐ 300 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw > 10,0005,000 psi5‐85° CpH 1‐13

Page 17: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Reversed Phase Mechanism

PRP‐1 – General purpose pH stable long life column, synthesized DNAPRP‐3 – Gradient protein and peptide separationsPRP‐Infinity – Nonporous support for very fast gradient separation of large proteinsPRP‐h1 – Long life column for LC/MS applications,synthesized DNA, and small moleculePRP‐h5 – Reduced system pressure for protein and peptide separations and enhanced 

oligonucleotide recovery

Poly(styrene‐divinylbenzene)

Page 18: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐1 – 36mer with NaOH, pH 12.7

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Page 19: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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PRP‐3 ‐ Protein Separation at pH 12.7

Page 20: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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PRP‐Infinity ‐ Cytochrome c at pH 12.3

Page 21: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐h1 – Oligos at 75° C

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Page 22: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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PRP‐h5 ‐ Proteins at up to 80° C by Reversed Phase

• Note the earlier RT shifts with increasing column temperature

• Resolution of poorly resolved peaks is greatly improved with higher temperatures

Page 23: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Ion Exchange

• In ion‐exchange chromatography the stationary bed has an ionically charged surface of opposite charge to the sample ions.• This technique is used almost exclusively with ionic or ionizable samples

• The stronger the charge on the sample, the stronger it will be attracted to the ionic surface, and thus the longer it will take to elute.

• The mobile phase is an aqueous buffer, where both pH and ionic strength are used to control elution time.

• Ion chromatography can employ harsh conditions requiring mobile phases that require extreme pH limits

• Temperatures well above the normal operating conditions where silica materials fail can also be used

Page 24: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Anion Exchange Offerings

PS‐DVB PRP‐X100 ‐ 100 Å, 5 µm, 10 µm, 12‐20 µmTrimethyl Ammonium PRP‐X110 ‐ 100 Å, 5 µm – 75 µmExchanger  RCX‐10 ‐ 100 Å, 7 µm – 75 µm 5,000 psi  RCX‐30 ‐ 100 Å, 5 µm – 75 µmpH 1‐13*

Poly(methacryl amidopropyl PRP‐X500 ‐ Superficially porous, 7 µmTrimethyl ammonium chloride)5,000 psipH 1‐13*

Poly (dimethyl amidopropyl PRP‐X600 ‐ Superficially porous, 7 µmmethacrylamide)5,000 psipH 1‐13*

Page 25: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Anion Exchange Mechanism

+N (CH3)3 E-

A-

+N (CH3)3 A-

+ E-

PRP‐X100 ‐ Anions, inorganic and organic using conductivity or UV detection.PRP‐X110 ‐ lower detection levelsRCX‐10 ‐ Isocratic or gradient separation of carbohydrate oligomers up to DP8RCX‐30 ‐ Gradient separation of complex carbohydrates

SAX – trimethyl ammonium exchanger

Eluent: 4 mM p‐hydroxybenzoic acid at pH 8.5

Page 26: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐X100 – Eight Anions

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Page 27: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐X100 – pH 11.6

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Page 28: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐X100 – Arsenic Speciation

Page 29: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

RCX‐10 – NaOH Mobile Phase

Page 30: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

RCX‐10 – Sugars in Beer

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Page 31: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

Anion Exchange Mechanism – PRP‐X500

WAX ‐Methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride

PRP‐X500 ‐ Gradient separation of large proteins and labeled DNA

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Compatible mobile phases:• Buffered with TRIS, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, at pH 8 or 9• Phosphate• Borate• Lithium• potassium halides

Page 32: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐X500 – Protein Standards at pH 9.0

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Page 33: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

Anion Exchange Mechanism – PRP‐X600

WAX ‐ weak‐base anion exchange support [Poly (dimethyl amidopropyl methacrylamide)

PRP‐X600 ‐ Gradient separation of labeled and unlabeled DNA based on negative charge

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Mobile phases:

10 mM TRIS, 1 mM EDTA pH 9.0, 1 N Sodium Chloride

Page 34: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐X600 – Plasmid on a Weak Anion Exchanger

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Page 35: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Cation Exchange

PS‐DVB PRP‐X200 ‐ 100 Å, 10 µm, 12‐20 µmSulfonic Acid Exchanger PRP‐X400 ‐ 7 µm, 12 – 20 µm, 30 – 50 µm5,000 psi 5 – 60° CpH 1‐13 

PS‐DVB PRP‐X800 ‐ 100 Å, 5 7 µmItaconate Exchanger5,000 psi5 – 60° CpH 1‐13

PS‐DVB Gel‐Type HC‐40 ‐ 7 µmSulfonic Acid Exchanger400 psi Size Exclusion25‐90° CWater only mobile phase 

PS‐DVB Gel‐Type HC‐75 (H+) ‐ 7 µmSulfonic Acid HC‐75 (Ca2+)400 psi HC‐75 (Pb2+)25‐90° C 100% Water 0‐40% Acetonitrile  Ligand Exchange

Page 36: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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SO3- H+ SO3

- M++ M+ + H+

Cation Exchange Mechanism

PRP‐X200 for mono and divalent organic and inorganic cationsPRP‐X400 Glyphosate and metabolite in drinking waterHC‐40 Sugar oligomers up to DP8HC‐75 Ca2+ Mono and disaccharides in corn syrupHC‐75 H+ Organic acids and sugarsHC‐75 Pb2+ Sugar alcohols

SCX – sulfonic acid

Eluent: 4 mM HNO3 in 7:3 Water:MeOH

Page 37: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐X200 ‐ Cations

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Page 38: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐X400 ‐ Glyphosate

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Page 39: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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HC‐75 Ca2+ ‐Milk Product Sugars at 90° C

Page 40: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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HC‐75 H+ ‐ Sulfuric Acid Mobile Phase:  Acetylated Amino Sugars

Page 41: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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O

CO- H+

+ M+

O

CO- M+

+ H+

Cation Exchange Mechanism

PRP‐X800 Mono and divalent cations in the same run. Transition metals

SCX – itaconate exchanger

Eluent: 2 mM Copper Sulfate

Page 42: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

PRP‐X800 – Mono and Divalent Cations

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Page 43: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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• Ion exclusion chromatography is an alternative to ion‐exchange chromatography

• The process in which ionized samples are excluded from the pores of the support and elute first, while the nonionic compounds elute later.

• Mixtures of weak acids like those in fruits and milk products are frequently not very well separated by pure ion‐exchange methods, nor in the reversed phase mode.

Ion Exclusion

Page 44: Hamilton Company –The Syringe and Liquid Handling Company...PS‐DVB with bonded C18 PRP‐h1‐100 Å, 5 µm and 12‐20 µm, mw < 3,000 5,000 psi 5‐85°C pH 1‐13 PS‐DVB

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Ion Exclusion

PS‐DVB PRP‐X300 ‐ 100 Å, 7 µm, 12 – 20 µmSulfonic Acid Exchanger5,000 psi5 – 60° CpH 1‐13

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Ion Exclusion – PS‐DVB Structure

(SO3) SO3H

SO3H

SO3H

PS‐DVB Ion Exclusion

PRP‐X300 Organic acids and alcohols

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PRP‐X300 – Alcohols

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PRP‐X300 – Organic Acids and Sugars

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4848

Reversed Phase Anion Exchange Cation Exchange Ion Exclusion

Adsorption Ion Exchange Exclusion Chromatography

Separation Modes of Polymers

Polymers open up a wide variety of separation mechanisms

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Separation Mechanisms and Offerings for Hamilton Polymer Supports

Reversed PhasePRP®‐h1 – Long life column for LC/MS applications,synthesized DNA, and small moleculePRP‐h5 – Reduced system pressure for protein and peptide separations and enhanced oligonucleotide recoveryPRP‐1 – General purpose pH stable long life column, synthesized DNAPRP‐3 – Gradient protein and peptide separationsPRP‐Infinity – Nonporous support for very fast gradient separation of large proteins

Anion ExchangePRP‐X100 – Anions, inorganic and organic using conductivity or UV detection. 0 to 100% solvent compatible.PRP‐X110 – Similar to PRP‐X100 but for lower level anions (20 ppb to 20 ppm)PRP‐X500 – Gradient separation of large proteins and labeled DNAPRP‐X600 – Gradient separation of labeled and unlabeled DNARCX‐10 – Isocratic or gradient separation of carbohydrate oligomers up to DP8RCX‐30 – Gradient separation of complex carbohydrates

Cation ExchangePRP‐X200 – Inorganic and organic cations using conductivity or UV detection. Separate mono or divalent cations depending on mobile  phase conditions.PRP‐X400 – Glyphosate and metabolite in drinking water. Also unique hydrophilic interaction separationsPRP‐X800 – Mono and divalent cations in the same run. Transition metalsHC‐40 – Sugar oligomers up to DP8. Max pressure HC‐75 Ca2+ – Mono and disaccharides in corn syrup. Max pressureHC‐75 H+ – Organic acids and sugars. Max pressureHC‐75 Pb2+ – Sugar alcohols. Max pressure

Ion ExclusionPRP‐X300 – Organic acids and alcohols

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Recap of Polymers

• No alkane chains to be stripped from the substrate

• No siloxane bonds to hydrolyze

• This leads to a wider range of pH

• This wide range of pH enables the exploitation of selectivity effects of multi‐charged or weakly ionizable solutes

• Higher temperature limits enable better resolution

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What Types of Samples can be Analyzed with Hamilton Polymer HPLC Columns?

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Ion ExclusionOrganic acids

Reversed PhasePeptidesProteinsOligonucleotidesNSAIDs

Anion ExchangeArsenicFuorideChlorideNitrateSulfateSugarsPolysaccharides 

Cation ExchangeSodium Potassium Lithium Copper Zinc Glyphosate 

459 Applications

Over 236 Published Literature References

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Find an Application and Column for Your Compound

Online, alphabetical compound index for both application chromatograms and literature references make it easy to locate the information you need

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Scale‐up Chromatography

• Initial chromatography separations are performed on an analytical scale

• Scale‐up chromatography is made possible by employing larger column hardware and larger particle size packing materials

• Linear scale‐up of flow rates and sample amounts enable predictability of chromatographic results

• Polymer supports lend themselves to large particle and pore sizes allowing for much higher flow rates

• Hamilton offers a 100 x 250 mm column size for preparative work

• We also offer bulk polymer resin into the mulitple kilogram scale

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Hardware Sizes ‐ comparison

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Hardware sizes ‐ comparison

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Skid System/Fraction Collector

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Small Scale‐up System

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Fermentor & Skid System

Column Packing System Included

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Large Scale