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Handout was formed in Youth Association DRONI, Tbilisi, Georgia in frames of the project LinguaClub. It is a basic guide for writing the essays in English.
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essaysfor writing
HandoutLiguaClub 2015
Writing withParagraphs
One of the most important thing forwriting the essays is setting the basicstructure. One of the methods of structurizingthe essays is building it with theparagraphs.Paragraphs give us the path anddirection to constract what we want tosay.Generally the essays consist of 3 mainparagraphs -1. Introduction, 2. Body, 3. Conclusion.each of them includes severalsubparagraphs which we will explainfurthermore.
I - INTRODUCTION
1. Set the toneand hook theaudience
the opening linemust immediatelyengage audience
Examples:generalization of the topic;
quotation;
little anecdote;
statistics.
don't write intentions;
no "National dictionarydefines..."
2. Introducethe topic
Say somethingabout your topic ina few sentences
3. Stateyour THESIS
States what weare up to.
1-2 sentences thatsummarizes your argumentand briefly tells what themain text is going to beabout
4. Transitionsentence
movesintroduction tothe nextparagraph
try to stay in theactive voice andkeep your readeron the hook
II - BODY PARAGRAPHS
this paragraph should consistat least from following threesub paragraphs
1. FirstStrongestArgument
2. WeakestArgument
3. SecondStrongestArgument
Introductory Sentence
Each must contain:
paragraph theme
how it is connected to the thesis
2-3 Specific examplesproves thesis
is a fact or an evidence
Commentaryexplains the example, discusseswhat it means to the topicand/or to the thesis
shows what the example proves
is 2-3 sentences
Conclusion sentenceincludes the theme of theparagraphs
shows how the subparagraphproves the thesis
III - CONCLUSION
1. Restatethe thesis
Explain how the bodyparagraphs providethe evidence forconclusion that wasdone
tie up the loose endsfrom theintroduction andbody paragraphs,but be careful not torepeat what isalready written
2. Summerizeyour points
be powerful!
what to do after:
WALK AWAY,Have a break!
Go over the paper withgrammar, spelling andpunctuation
Edit the essay! ask your friend, edit format(margins, fonts, headers) done!
TIPS:
don't plagiarize
avoid using banal words, like "toconlude", "in conclusion" etc
use different synonyms, use#LOGOGRAPH.
Connect paragraphs with thelinking words, phrases
be creative!10
don't repeat
11
linking words:
listingfirst, second, thirdfirst, furthermore, finallynext,firstly, secondly, thirdly
Reinforcealso,and,furthermore,moreover,what is more, in addition,besides,still, yet anotherabove all,as well (as),in the same way.
Similarityequally,likewise,simirarly,correspondingly,in the same way.
Transition tothe next pointnow,as far as ... is concernedwith regard,reference to,as for...it follows that,turning to.
Summaryin conclusion,to conclude,in brief,to summarize,overall,therefore.
12
linking words:
giving examplesfor example,for instance,as follows:that is,in this case,namely,in other words
Cause-effectso,thus,therefore,hence,concequently,as a result,as a concequence,accordingly,to this/that end,because of,because,since,as,given,cause,result in,lead to,bring about,result from,arise from,stem from,ascribed to,attributed to,owing to,thanks to.
deductionthen,in the other words,in that case,otherwise,this implies that...if not/so
13
linking words:
stating it obviousobviously,clearly,naturally,of course,as can be expressed,surely,after all.
Highlightingin particular,particularly,especially,mainly.
generalizationin general,generally,on the whole,as a rule,for the most part,in most cases,usually,majorly.
reformulationin the other words,rather,to put it more simply.
alternativealternatively,rather,on the other hand,the alternative is,another possibility would beContrast
but,however,while/whilst,whereas,unlike,although,thourgh
despite,yet,different,instead,rather,even though,nevertheless,
nonetheless,notwithstanding,on the contrary,by/in contrast,in spite of
contacts:
Youth Association DRONI
LinguaClub
REC magazine
/DRONIlinguaclub
/ReflectEverydayCreatively
/DRONIorg
www.droniyouth.org
www.recmag.org
Become a citizen journalist with recmag!!!
14sources used: wikihow.com
NikaBakhsoliani