Hankia August 2009 – Evolo, hybrid ryeV/Claus Nymand

2

Grain with high quality!

EVOLO plus 10% POLLENPLUS®

3

Scope of application is various

4

Ethanoloutput per % of starch  % Starch in DM Litre alcohol/

100 kg rawmaterial DMLitre alcohol per

percent starch

  2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004

Winterwheat 68,30 68,73 43,8 44,4 0,64 0,65

Wintertriticale 69,83 69,77 43,9 43,9 0,63 0,63

Winterrye 63,36 65,7 43,0 43,3 0,68 0,66

(Quelle: BayWa AG München, Dr. A. Rosenberger, 2005, verändert)

Bio-ethanol/alcohol

5

Specific costs per m³ Methane

(Que

lle: S

chind

ler, L

andw

irtsch

afska

mmer

Nied

ersa

chse

n, 20

05,

verä

nder

t)

0,208 0,217 0,231 0,2380,267

0,2980,338

0,3660,401

0,212

0

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

0,3

0,35

0,4

0,45

Mais

Rogge

n GPS

Tritic

ale G

PS

Weizen

GPS

Sonne

nblum

en

Grassila

geRap

s

Phace

lia

Getreid

ekorn

Ölrettic

h

Eur

o/m

³ Met

hane

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

m³ M

etha

n/ha

Euro/m³ Methan Methanerträge in m³/ha

6

Energy in cereals – for slaughter pigs above 40 kg

Vinter-hvede

Triti-cale

Vinter-rug

Vår-byg Havre

FEsv/hkg 115 113 110 102 87MJ/hkg 1438 1413 1375 1225 1038Yield in hkg/ha ?

FEsv = Feed units for slaughter pigs (DK system using EFOS analysisMetabolich energy = MJ (mega joule)

7

Undigestible carbohydrates (+lignin)

Dietary fibre 10-15 %

Macronutrients= EnergyStarch 50-60 %

Fat 2-5 %Protein 10-15 %

RYE GRAINS: A RAW MATERIAL WITH MANY HEALTH BENEFITS

Dietary fibrecomplex

Phytochemicals + Micronutrients

=“Co-passangers"

Phyto-estrogens

Antioxidants Enzyme inhibitors

PhenolicsPhytic acid

Sterols Vitamins Minerals

8

Rye: Healthy & Good !

Nutrient Content / 100 g Rye-flour

Bread

Rye-mixedBread

RyeWhole-grainBread

Energy (kcal) 217 218 201

Carbohydrates (g)(amount of Starch)

45,5(90%)

46,0(92%)

41,1(93%)

Protein (g) 5,9 5,7 6,1

Fat (g) 1,0 0,9 1,0

Dietary Fibre (g)(Rel. water solub./insolub.)

6,2(1 : 1,0)

4,9(1 : 1,1)

8,5(1 : 1,8)

Source: GMF; based on BLS; “Federal Food Key”, German Nutrient Data Base

9

Quality – for bread

Sortsnavn Type Yield potential Kornvægt Protein Falling number Viscosity . kar. 1 - 9 kar. 1 - 9 kar. 1 - 9 kar. 1 - 9 kar. 1 - 9Evolo Hybrid 9 9 4 7 8Visello Hybrid 8 8 4 6 8Rasant Hybrid 8 8 3 4 4Askari Hybrid 7 7 4 5 7Carotop Population 5 8 4 5 6Picasso Hybrid 7 8 4 7 9Rotari Population 6 7 4 6Amilo Population 4 8 6 8 6Matador Population 4 6 4 5 4

= informationer from BSA Germany

Pollen Plus Technology

11

Cyclus for ergot development

Earn with Sklerotien

germinated Sklerotium with ovary (Perithecien)

Ovary with small head and stalk

Ovary with snake cells (Asci) and spores (Ascosporen)

Ascus with Ascospores

germination Ascospore

Flowering ear

KonidieMycelium will develop in ovary

Infested ear with Honeydew, who fix the Konidie (Nebenfruchtform)

inmature Sklerotium

mature Sklerotium

After winter Sklerotium

12

EVOLO plus 10% POLLENPLUS®

13

Quick method for selection

more precise

POLLENPLUS®-Technology – marker selection

-Poor pollen production

With POLLENPLUS®

Test materiale

14

15

medium hybrid No mix

medium hybridMix 10% con

medium conventionel rye

POLLENPLUS®hybrid rug

Hybrid Rye with POLLENPLUS®

> > improved pollen formation> > more healthy ear and less ergot> > tolerant towards stress

high · ear health · low

Infection level of ergot in inoculation trials, schematic presentation(Lochow-Petkus, evaluation is based on own trials, 2004)

Hybrid rye in the Nordics

17

Sweden have from the mid 90’ties, changes from population rye to hybrid rye and now the procentage og hybrids are more than 75%

o Yield improved by about 20%o Evolo plus 10% PP and Visello

Norway started approximately 10 years agoo Now more than 90% of all rye grown is from hybridso Yields are between 5-8 ton per hectare depending on area and precrop.o Yield improvement more than 25%o Evolo plus 10%PP and Palazzo

Finland introduced the first hybrid in 2005o Acreage is every year growing but still not reached 30%o Evolo plus 10%PP

Baltics – especially Latvia and Lithuaniao Acreage with hybrids still growing and might be close to 20-25% - unstable!o Visello PP, Evolo plus 10%PP, Placido plus 10%PP, Balistic plus 10%PP and

Gonello PP

Introduction of hybrids in the Nordic Region

18

Fits well for the nordic conditions

Roggen Triticale Gerste Weizen

Keimtemperatur °C

- Minimum 1 - 2 1 - 3 2 - 4 2 - 4

- Optimum 20 - 25 20 - 25 20 - 25 20 - 25

Wachstumsbeginn °C 2 - 3 3 - 4 3 - 5 3 - 5

Vernalisationsbedarf

- Temperatur °C 0 - + 3 0 - + 3 0 - + 3 0 - + 3

- Dauer in Tagen 30 - 50 35 - 60 20 - 40 40 - 70

Winterhärte (ohne Schneedecke) °C - 25 - 18 - 15 - 20

Wasserbedarf in l/kg TS 250 - 300 280 - 380 250 - 350 300 - 400

Quelle: GEISLER, 1980

Introduction of hybrids in the Nordic Region

How to manage a hybrid?

20

Hybrid effect

More tillers Bigger ears

Ifo Right sowing time o Correct seeding rateo Correct seeding deptho Correct soil management

- Drainage! Etc. - management

Seeding time and establishment

22

Einfluss der Saatzeit auf den Kornertrag bei Getreide

80

90

100

110

-15 -13 -11 -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15

Tage

rel.Weizen

Gerste

Roggen

Seeding time and its influence on yield performance

1sep

23

Goal for pl/m² in Rye – depending on seeding time and type

Treatment Earley 25 Aug

Mid1 Sep

Late5 Sep

Amount of stems 4-6 3 1 - 3

Seedrate Pl./m² Hybrids

160 200 220

Seedrate Pl./m² Population rye

180-200 250-300 300- 400

Goal is to have 550-600 earborn stems!

6 Sep20 Aug

24

Visello – seed rateNormal – 400 seeds/m2 Low – 200 seeds/m2

-Higher crop- + 10-15 cm-risk for lodging- more but smaller ears

Bigger ears - grain weight?More even maturity

25

Tillering400 pl/m2 200 pl/m2

1 or 2 stems no moreAbout 800 ears per m2but less developed!

mostly 3 stems – some 4! About 600 ears per m2 and wellDeveloped!

Seeding time – 27 SepMid-Sweden

26

Seed rate recommendation

Recommended seedingrate - germinating kernels/m2 / Units per ha170/1,7 180/1,8 190/ 1,9 200 / 2,0 210 / 2,1 240 / 2,4

25-27 Aug 28-31Aug 1-3 sep 4-7 sep 8-11 sep 12-15 sep

Recommended amount of Unit per hectaresKg/unit 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 1,9 2,0 2,2 2,4

28 42 45 48 50 53 56 62 6729 44 46 49 52 55 58 64 7030 45 48 51 54 57 60 66 7231 47 50 53 56 59 62 68 7432 48 51 54 58 61 64 70 7733 50 53 56 59 63 66 73 7934 51 54 58 61 65 68 75 8235 53 56 60 63 67 70 77 8436 54 58 61 65 68 72 79 8637 56 59 63 67 70 74 81 8938 57 61 65 68 72 76 84 9139 59 62 66 70 74 78 86 9440 60 64 68 72 76 80 88 96

Seeding rate calcualtor for adjusting the drill maschine

27

Seeding depth?Soil surface

0 cm2 cm

3-4 cm

28

Reduced tillage contra ploughed

Reduced tillage require- Suitable drill maschine- correct rotation- good drainage

Plouging require-Enough capacity to drill quick after plouging-Seeds needs to be covered and not too deep

29

Direct drilling

Precrop rye

Precrop spring wheat

30

Plouged - precrop hybrid rye!

31

90% of all ergot comes from the tracks!!

Prevent damaged plant on forland

Make sure that drill nozzles are closed

Better 3 than 2 drill nozzles closed

Fertilisation

33 April Mai

EC 29 30 31 32 37 39 49 51

MärzFebruar

50 - 60 N/harest P(20kg) K(50kg)

25 kg Sulphur

80 – 90 N/ha

N quantity – yield expectation x 2,0 – Nmin

Distribution: Start 35 %GS 32 65 %

Fertilisation strategy for Hybrid rye – late drilling

20 - 30 N/ha, late drilling50% of PK(10/25) or all

Crop protection

35

Weed control

If possible it should be carried out in Autumn!!!o Rye is most tolerant towards the herbicides in the Autumno In order to get the best effect, grass weed has to be treated against

in Autumn Spring weed control

o Never use any kinds og phenoxy acids

36

EC 30 31 32 37 39 51 61 65 71 75

Fungicide strategy in hybrid ryeBrownrust (+ Ryncho)Product???

Eyespot + Brownrust + Ryncho (+meldug)

Product ???

BrownrustProduct ???

- No treatment during flowering

37

EC 21 25 29 30 31 32 34 39 49 59

(Fungicid) +(CCC 1,0 l/ha) + Moddus 0,2 l/ha (Cerone 0,2 l/ha) +

Moddus 0,2 l/ha+Insekticid + (evt.

Fungicid)

Growregulation

Sunlight is important

Harvest

39

Harvest Harvest always when

o Moisture content first time is below 18% (might never come that low)

o The straw can easily be a bit green at harvest

Dryingo has to be dried down as soon after harvest as possible – not too

high heat on the dryer

40

Hybrid rye 2008focus on seed rateI hope that your will have a nice harvest and that

you will decide to grow hybrid rye next year.

41

Eat your lunch in the café,

but remember…

… to buy something

healthy

Really…Three chocklate

ice creams on rye bread!

42

43

Rug kan også bruges til foder!

Sortsnavn FEsv pr. hkg FEsv pr. hkg FEso pr. hkg Fesv pr.ha2006 2007 2007

Gisetto . .LPH89 108,5 107,8 8171,24Evolo 112,8 109,5 108,6 7992,96Visello 113,4 110,4 109,4 7493,9Rasant 113,4Askari 111,7CarotopPicasso 112,1RotariRecrut 113,3Matador 111,8 110,1 109,1 6175,06

Ingen problemer med op til 25% iblanding af Rug i foderblanding til slagte svin – Per Tybirk, landskontoret, 2007

>vinterbyg>vårbyg>triticale

8527 FE/ha2006

44

Spiredygtige planter/m² afhængig af såtid og sort

Tidlig1 sep

Middel10 sep

Sen20 sep

Buskningsgrad 4 - 5 3 - 4 2 – 3

Pl./m² Picasso

130 160 180

Pl./m²Evolo/Visello

150 180 200

Målet er at etablere 450-500 aks per/m2

45

Vækstregulering Mål:

Tilpasning af bestand samt korrekt gødskning er grundstenen for at minimere risikoen for lejesæd

Ved for høje mængder af vækstregulering med efterfølgende stress – vil der være for stor negativ virkning.

Altid dobbeltbehandling med tilpassede mængder

Tidlig behandling før VS 30 med CCC kun ved sen såning eller ved meget tynd betand

Hans Hogreve, Ldw.Berater, Steinhagen

Såtidspunkt VS 29/30 VS 31/32 VS 37/39

Tidlig 1,5 CCC + 0,2 Moddus 0,2 Moddus + 0,2 Cerone

Middel 1,5 CCC + 0,2 Moddus 0,2 Moddus + 0,2 Cerone

Sen 1-1,5 CCC 0,3 Moddus (0,15 Moddus +0,15 Cerone)

Anbefalet vækstregulering i forhold til såtidspunkt

47

Fungicid strategi Brunrust er ofte den mest tabsvoldende i rug

ved tidlige angreb kan det koste 25% udbytte Skoldplet og meldug sjældent behov for bekæmpelse Knækkeforsyge er normalt ikke et problem idet der ikke er tale om

kornsædskifte 1. Dobbelt behandling VS 31-32 og VS 49-59

- a. Azolfungicid (VS 31-32)- b. Strobilurin + Azolfungicid (VS 51 – 59)- c. (Azolfungicid i VS 61 ved stærke brunrust angreb)

2. Enkelt behandling i VS 39 - 55- Azol + Strobilurin ved begyndende brunrust angreb

Aldrig behandling fra blomstring til 10 dage efter!!!

Performance of hybrid rye

49

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

additional yield in dt x ha -1

compared to check variety 'Halo'

Year of National List Trial in Germany

1 1 : Registration of the first hybrid rye on Hohenheim University, followed by quick development og LP hybrids with considerable yield improvement, but at the same time followed by ergot problemd.

2

2 : Lochow-Petkus invest heavily in research- and development programs with the goal to identify and utilise the restore genes. This results in a decrease in yield performance for some years.

3

3 : Lochow-Petkus founds the PollenPlus teknology. Breeding focus are again focussed around yield performance and disease resistance.

population varieties

Effect of hybrid rye

50

Yield potential for differnet crops in comparison to wheat

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

yield potential of the test locations in dt ha -1 winter wheat

grai

n yi

eld

in d

t ha

-1

Yield of winter wheat in dt/ha

Yiel

d in

dt h

a -1

Hybrid rye

population rye

triticale

winter barley

Winter wheat

Rigional trials in Germany (N=148) 2000-2003Hybrid rye has the highest

potential on soils with wheat potential lower than 9,3 t/ha.

Effect of hybrid rye

51

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

JB 1+3 JB 2+4 JB 5 - 8

TriticaleVinterrugVinterhvede

Index

Kilde: Landsforsøg DK

Hybrid rye in comparison to Wheat and TriticaleSpecies trial 1998-2000

A bit of history

53

Evolution of rye from it‘s origin in the middle East

7000 b. Ch. :Eldest known finding of kernels (weeds) op rye in Syria and Turkey

4000 b. Ch. :Slavian people got grown types of rye from traders who travelled between Turkey and Kaukasus

550 b. Ch. :Slavian people started to expand their living places towards the west and intoduced rye to the Germanians and Celtics.

1000 a. Ch. : Rye became the biggest crop grown in Central and North Europe.

Miedaner, 1997 and 2005

54

Atrip around the world Discovery of „The Pampa hybrid system“ and related restore genes.

Spanish people founded Cordoba, in the 17 century.

Trip to South America for collecting genetic resources

(„Peerennial rye“), 20 century

Trip to Iran for collecting genetic resources: donor genotypes for restoration of pollen fertility, 20 århundrede

„A missing link“: Has Alanian people, a Iranian tribe, brought rye from Iran along to Spain at the migration in the 5 th century….? ??

Systematic crossing resulted in the mapping of the genetically pollen sterility, 20th century