Atralta Nered.e BhAor?Wherc do?E EuroPc and?

HANS HAACKEKaligrafi, 1989

A"9a$rda okuyaca$rmz proje, Assambl6eNationale diye adlandrnlan FransrzParlamentosu'nun 200. kurulug yrlddntim{ionuruna kahcr bir amt-tesis yapttnlmastamacryla Assambl6e Nationale Bagkanrtarafindan agrlan ve de$iEik iilkelerden yedisanatgnln katrlmaya davet edildi$i yangmayagonderilmigtir.

Proposal for a perman€nt initallationcommemorating the anniveBary of theestablishment of the Assembl6€ Nationale, theFrench Parliament, in | 789. lt was submitted in1989 in response to an invitation to participatein a competition extended by th€ President ofthe Assemblee Nationale to s€ven artists fromvarious countries.The proposed proiect coverr the entire area ofthe Cour d'Honncur of the Palais Eourbon, thebuilding which houses the F?ench Parliament inParis.A cone, {,30 m (ll ft.) hiSh and l2 m (39 ft.) indiameter, occupies the circular area in theupper part of the court, thc so-called horse-shoe, which has traditionally been plantcd withflowers. While giying the lmpression of a

"mountain" towering at the far end of thecourt, the height of the cone is limited in orderto block neither the yiew of the pe?istylebehind nor the yiew from th6 btonze doortoward the ent?anc€ gate of the Courd'Honneur'

llam ll...kSzntqr,Nao Tork'to

Alrton tdottat rlr.

Anisg ,ir€s in

bom in Cetmony.

Oncrilen proje Paris'teki Fransrz lrregularly shaped rocks are lltted rogetherParlame ntosu'nun bulundu$u Palais and polished so that th€y form a smooth and

Bourbon,un $erefAvlusu'nun (Cour perfectly conical surface suPported by a hollow

d'Honneur) tamaruu kapsamaktadrr. Gon-e- of concrete underrreeth' The cone is a

4.30 m. (r4 feet) yiik,.krisi;;;ki-iJ -. lap :::ffijil::''#j,:L'jil::iJ:LTi'1,.n"feet) yangaph bir koni, avlunun at naltna Enlight€nment which led to the Declaration ofbenzeyen ve geleneksel olarak gigeklerin ekili the Rights of Man.

bulundu$u yuvarlak iist b<iltimiinde yer The number of rocks in the Gone equals the

alacaktrr. B<iylece avlunun en ucund; bir nurnber of election districts from which the

"dag' izlenimi verecek "l"-k;;i;i; -

I"T"t'.H:T.'rm*:',:j:ffTff:"" "yiiksekli$i arkasrndaki stitunlu boltimti rock from the region they r€present, so as tokapatmayacak ve Cour d'Honneur'iin make the coie a symbol of the resPonsibility

bronzdan ana giriE kaprsrndan bakldr$rnda da and collective power ofthe legislature.

gdriintigii .rrg"ll"meyicek dtizeyde -

ilsed gold-leafed callisraPhic signs are

tutulmugtur. ' mounted on the smooth rock turface ofthe

projede, rastgele biiyiiktiiLkteki kaya pargalan ::l'i"T:'i'-Tffic the words Libertv'

igi bog bir koninin ytizeyi iizerine uygun bir The translation of these words into Arabicgekilde yerleEtirilip, monte edilmig vecilalanmrglardrr, kayalardan oluqan diiz ve miikemmel bir koni yiizeyi meydana grkmaktadrr.Koni Boull6e'nin devrim mimarisinden ve Insan Haklan Deklarasyonu'na yol aganAydrnlanma ruhundan kalmrE bir gekildir.Koni iizerindeki kaya pargalanmn sayrsl Assambl6e Nationale'deki millewekillerinin temsilettikleri segim bdlgelerinin sayrsr kadardrr. Millewekillerinin her biri kendi bdlgesinden birkaya pargasr getirecek ve b<iylece yurdun dort bir yarundaki tiirn segim b<ilgelerirtden gelmigbu taglann olugturdu$u biittinliik, yasamantn sorumlulu$unu ve kollektif giiciinii temsiledecektir,

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Aprapa Nerede Bitiyor?Whcru docs EU|oPG end?

HAI{S HAACKE

Koninin tagtan diizgiin yiizeyi tizerindekiyaldrzh kabartma kaligrafik iEaretler ArapgaOzgiirli.ik, Egidik, Kardeglik sdzciiklcridir.Bu sdzctiklerin Arapga'ya gevrilmig olmalart1789'da nisbeten homojcn olan Fransrzniifusundan farkh bir gekilde, bugiinktiFransa'nrn gok-rrkh ve gok-kiiltiirlii birtoplum oldu$unu igaret etmektedir. Her nekadar adr gegen scizciikler tiim kamubinalanmn onyiizlerinde yazrh iseler dc,gtiniimiiz Tiers d'Etats'sr dernek olan, di$ergruplann yam srra, <izellikle Miisliiman ntifusigin dzgiirliik, egidik ve kardeglik vaadi hentzgergekleEmig degildir. Bu iig Cumhuriyetilkesinin Arap harfl eriyle yazrlmasr Assambl€cNationale'in hcr eylemine onlann yolg<istermesi gerekti$ini ammsatmak igindir.Koninin tepesindeki bir fiskiyeden 15 m. (49feet) yiiksekli$e kadar yiiLkselen sular, gerisingeriye koninin iizerine dijkiilme kte dir. Aynca,koninin bog olan igindeki su kuyulanndankabaran sular koninin tepesinden tagmakta vebir volkandan grkan lavlar gibi konininyiizeyinden aga$r do$ru akmaktadrr. Bdylece,kabartma Arap harfleri, iizerinden akansulardan birtakrm gekiller halindeyansrmaktadrr. A"1a$r d<ikiilen sular koninin

Eevresindc ve atnah boyunca dikilmigkorkulu$un rnerkezini olugruran dar birteknede toplanmakta, korkulu$un ucundakibir lanktan Erkarak egimli bir olukla aEagdfiavluya akmaktadrr. Korkuluktaki krnk yerinpargalanmrgh$r, eski rejimi simgeleyen birklasik mimari o$esidir ve yukanda soziintietti$imiz oluk sayesinde sular avlunun merkezine doSru serbestge akmaktadrr.Ana avlunun merkezinde, geometrik bir Eekli olmayan ekili bir alan yer almaktadrr. Amahnrntist krsmmdan bakrldr$rnda bu ekili alanrn Fransa haritasr geklinde oldu$u, Korsika'mn daavlunun kiigesine diigtii$-ii gciriiliir. Dcnizagrn topraklar ise hemen bitigikteki Hotel de Lassayavlusundaki kiigiik "adacftlar"la temsil edilmektedir.Bu harita alamndaki bitlilendirme, Fransa'ya 6zgi ban iiriinlerle ve ddrt yrllft periyodlarlayaprlacaktrr: Birinci yrl bu$day, m6rr veya kolza, ikinci yl lahana ya da aygigc$i, iigiincii yrlbaklagiller, bczelye ve patates ekilecck, tarla ddrdiincii yrl nadasa brrakrlacak, odann

suttests that, difr.rcnt from the relativelyhomogeneous French poPulatlon of 1789'France todey is a multi-raci.l and multi-cultural society, Thc promise of freedom,equalitl and fraternity is not yet fulfilled,particularly for the contemporary Third Estatecomprising, among othcr troups, the Moslempopulation of Frlnce - aven thouth fhes€words have traditlon.lly becn inscribed on thefacades of public bulldings. Spelling out thethree Republican principlcs in Arabiccalligraphy is to provoke their reviYal as aguide for every act of thc Assembl6eNationale.Exiting from the top of thc cone, a iet of watershoots st?aight up to a heiSht of 15 m (49 ft.)and then falls b.ck onto the cone. Additionalwater wells up from the cone's interior' spillingout of its top and runs down its surface likelava from a yolcano. lts flow is modulated andproduces intricatc rotl€ctions due to the raisedArabic letters in it3 p.th. lt collects in a na?rowtrough around the cone'3 perimeter whichslopes tow.rds the centot of the balustradearound the horse-shoe. Through a breach inthe balustr.de th.t its force se€ms to havebroken, the water rushcs down onto thepavement of the court undemeeth. Chunks ofthe b?oken b.lu3tr.dc, .n element of classic.larchitecture .ssoclatGd with the AncienR6gime, litte? the ground. Due to a gradc inthe ter?ain th€ wat€r then flows freely towardth€ center of the court.The center of the main court is occupied by alarge, irrcgularly shapcd Planted area" Seenfrom the uppe? part of the horse-shoe, it isrecognizable as the map of France - withCorsica in the com6? of the main court'Overseas territories could bc r€presented btsmall "islands" in th€ court of the Hotel deLassay nearby.On these map ar.as c?op3 common to Frenchfarming are grown in a four year cycle: one

Whele does Eulope end,

Arrapo Nerede Bitiyor?

HA]IS HAACKE

kendili$inde n bitmesine goz yumularaktoprak yeniden ekime hazrrlanmrg olacaktrr.Uriinlerin tarhlar halinde yetigtirilmesigerekirse, tarhlann diziligi, Fransa haritasrnrndrgrndan igine do$ru eg merkezli gemberlerbEiminde olacaktrr.Bitkilerin yetigtirilmesi bilinen bahgeciliginozgiil ozeniyle d.e!il, giftgilipin normal vesi.irekli iglemleriyle yaprlacaktrr. Mtinavebeliekim, kraliyet iradesini do$aya bile cmpozeetmeye gahgan manikiirlii Versaillesbahgecili$in tersine, Fransa'yr esas alan tanmauygun bigimde olacaktrr. Avlunun aga$rb<iliimi.inde, tarlamn bittigi yerdeki gegidi parkdonammrna ait saklanmaya gerck goriilmemigbirtakrm <igeler, teknoloiil ve daha az"romantik" bir kargrthg hissettirmek i gindir.Koniden dokiilerek, gevre korkulu$undakikrnktan Erkan ve bir olukla avlunun anakaprsrna akan "yagama sulan", oradaki birdelikten yeraltrna geger. Bitki tarhlanmnolugturduSu ondtilasyonla ilgili olarak,avludfi tagtan yol Fransa haritasmn drggizgisinde yer ahrken koniyi gevrelcyenkaldrnm taglan eE merkezli gemberler halindesrralanmrElardrr.Frskiye sulanyla "lav sulan" koninin iEinekonulmug, ya da yakrndaki bir yere kimseningormeyecefi bigimde yerlegtirilmig bir pompamekanizmasr yardrmryla akacak, Korsika'nrnetrafindaki su igin ayrr bir pompa kullamlacakve tiim sistemde suyun hareketi devri daimlesaglanacakur.

year wheat, corn or rape, the second yearcabbage o? sunflowers, the third tear beans,peas or potatoes. In the fourth year the fieldwould lie fallow. Weeds would be left to grownaturally, so that the soil can recover for a newcycle. In the case of crops grown in rows, theconfiguration of these rows followsconcentrically, like a ripple, the outline of th€map of France towards the center.The planting should be cared for consistentwith normal farming procedures, not with theattention reseryed for formal gardening. Thcalternatint crops are to be seen in contrast tothe manicured gardening style of Yercailles,which symbolically imposed the royal will evenon nature. They make reference to theagricultural base of France. The undisguisedconcrete vents of the parking facilityunderneath the court, that interrupt the"field", hint at its technolotical and less"romantic" contemporary counterpart.The "legislative waters" coming down from thecone and through the broken balustradeencircfe France, carried in e shallow troughwith a grade toward the gate of the court,where it disappearc in an opening in theground. Corresponding to the "ripple" of therows of plantints, the paving stones ofthecourt echo the outline of the map of Franceoutward to the sidewalks on its perimeter,while the paying stones around the cone formconcentric circles.A pumping mechanism for the supply of thewater of the water jet and the "lava" isinstalled inside the cone or, invisible to theviewer, in an adjacent location, An additionalpump supplie3 the water from underground forthe stream circling Corcica. The entire volumeof water is recyled.