Hardware First Docu Final

8/9/2019 Hardware First Docu Final

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Chapter 1

THE PROJECT AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Today there are many crimes in the country; one of these crimes is robbery

and speaking of robbery, there is a robbery gang that specializes in breaking and

entering in homes and robbing valuables. This gang is called as Akyat-Bahay

Gang literally means Climb-House Gang. They often do reconnaissance in

home and family activities such as what time the homeowner leave, what time

the owner return, which is left in the house, and how can criminals get inside the

house. This Gang often does this in long periods of time, so that criminals can

precisely time, plan and coordinate in attack.

Homes that live in villages which have security guards patrolling the village

are not safe from the Akyat-Bahay Gang. The said gang also scouts the activity

of the security guards, the neighbors, and even the housemaids, so that criminals

can get into the house without too much hassles and avoid being detected.

So, the Culprit Alarm Device was developed by the researchers in order to

make the homeowners or establishment owners properties safe and secure.

Even though the owner is not around to secure its properties, there is a device

that can detect person who wants to rob the owners properties.


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The project designers had viewed and realized the advantageous that

automation had brought which had led us to conduct further studies on the

subject and come up with the design that will apply to the industry settings.

Automation and its many aspects were carefully studied and integrated with a

more recent technology-the Short Messaging Services (SMS).

With people becoming more concerned about the security and its every

aspect, the introduction of a more reliable and a more sophisticated way of

addressing the problems that comes with office and industrial security will be a

major breakthrough. Incorporating the existing technologies to achieve such an

objective is seen to be the best alternative there is other than creating a whole

new system, which will call for painstaking studies.

Background of the Project

Every man wants to make their properties or valuables safe and secure. So,

the researchers have planned to develop and implement a new device that can

really help people for their safety. This device was called as Culprit Alarm

Device; this device is a powerful tool for private and public safety and security

purpose. Because of this device, the owner can monitor his house wherever he

is. This device can detect someone or intruder/s who wants to enter in any

establishments/houses, then after detecting intruder/s the device will

automatically send text message to the gadget owners cell phone telling that


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someone forced to open the owners house. In this kind of system-hardware, it

will really help to reduce and prevent crimes inside the house or even in any

establishments.

Scope:

The researchers project was designed to provide further security to the

houses and even to industries establishments through the use of a specially

designed hardware and which will be alarmed a cell phone and send text

message from a specific number. The system also informs selected individuals in

case of possible intrusion. This way the authorities will be warned accordingly.

Delimitation:

The system is limited only to locking and unlocking the door as well as on

informing the authorities about a possible forced entry/intrusion. The hardware

will not send a warning message once the button intended for them are blocked.

However, the design does not include any measure of blocking intruders in case

the entry to the location where device are installed by any other means. Even

any authorized person who wishes to enter another will also receive a warning

message to the assigned cell phone number. An alarm system is likewise

installed to inform authorities within the vicinity.


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Significance of the Study

In this study, the researchers expect to contribute to the development of a

more sophisticated security system, which will bring about change in current

systems that are implemented by most conscious entities. It will also give future

researchers an idea on how any other processes maybe helpful to the

environment and for the improvement of the industry.

The study will be benefit by the following:

yHomeowners

The system will be benefited by the homeowners because of it provides

security for all the properties and valuables of the homeowners.

yEstablishments owners

The establishment's owners such as the people who owned building for

business purpose, may benefit this system that may serve as a protection for all

the properties of the establishment owner.

yFuture Researchers

To the future researchers, this study and system development will serve

as a basis for similar hardware projects and help to enhance the readers

knowledge about the hardware development.


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CHAPTER 2

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter presents the review of Related Literature and Related Studies as

basis for conceptualization of this study.

REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES/LITERATURES

Intruder Alarm

According to Shenzhen Sinda, the inventor of Intruder Alarm System,

comfort is a full-featured Intruder Alarm System (EN50131-compliant) with dialer,

telephone control, multiple security modes, and a practical Home Automation

System.

In the event of any alarm, the system can dial to 8 telephone numbers

including Central Monitoring Station (a service which monitors alarms from alarm

systems which are subscribed), and Cellular Phones to report the alarm. Each

Alarm Type (Comfort has 31 preprogrammed Alarm Types like Intruder, Fire,

Power Failure) can be programmed to dial to any combination of the 8 telephone

numbers for example, Intruder Alarm to Central Station and owner, Power

Failure to the owner, Low Battery to the Installation company etc.The Voice Station Intercom enables you to listen to sounds around up to 8

keypads in the home in the event of an alarm dial-out to your mobile phone.


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While you are listening on the phone, the Alarm Tracking feature

automatically announces the location of the intruder as he is detected by motion

sensors in the premises, e.g. Kitchen Window, Living Room Movement,

You can dial in to your Comfort-enabled home from anywhere in the world to

check if you left the lights or appliances on, or if you forgot to arm the security

system, and to control your home.

With Comfort, home security and home appliances can be linked together to act

intelligently, so that for example, when the system is armed to Away Mode, all

the lights, air-conditioning, or other appliances can be switched off; or when you

come home at night, the car porch light and main entrance light can be turned on

automatically. This is the benefit of Integration. (SOURCE: Shenzhen Sinda

Technology Co.,Ltd.)

Whatis a Mobile Phone?

A mobile phone, as its name suggests, is a portable device with wireless

transmission, which anyone can use while on the go. You can use one for

making phone calls, receive phone calls, which is its main function, but you can

also transfer and receive files with music, videos, images and, of course, text.


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Cellular Phone Parts

First take a look at your own model. What do you see? It has a Liquid Crystal

Display, a keypad like the one on your TV remote, while inside it has an antenna

(which can be external and visible at some models), a removable battery, a

microphone, a speaker, and another thing that you cannot see if you dont

disassembly the handset is the circuit board, in charge with processing the

commands you type.

On the circuit board, a specialist can identify easily the conversion chips that

translate the analog audio signal emitted when you are in a phone call, into

digital signal, and the digital signal that comes to your handset over the air, back


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into analog. The smart piece that handles the digital signal is called the Digital

Signal Processor, which uses complex algorithms to make calculations in order

to transform the analog and digital signals in real time.

Same as personal computers, cell phones have also a microprocessor that

handles the commands from the keyboard making them displayable on the LCD.

The operating system and directories are kept in the Random Access Memory

and Flash memory chips, while the power issues are controlled by the Radio

Frequency and the power area.

Cell phone speakers are incredibly small, as well as microphones, but with the

latest technologies they have powerful capabilities.


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Cell Phone Manufacturing

The manufacturing process involves 40% metals, 40% plastics and 20%

ceramics and trace materials, while the circuit board uses copper, lead, nickel,

gold, zinc, beryllium, tantalum, coltan and others. Some of the raw materials are

processed before the cell phone manufacturing, like the crude oil used for

plastics, which has to be mixed with natural gas and chemicals in a special plant.

The copper, for example, has to be mined, ground, heated and treated with

chemical substances and electricity, in order to isolate the pure metal used also

in batteries.

Cell Phone Screens with LCDs have liquid crystalline substances like mercury,

and are sandwiched between glass and plastic layers. The batteries have the two

electrodes made of metals.


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This is a cell phone diagram for your curiosity

How Does a Mobile Phone Work?

How does a cell phone work? This is simple. If a standard radio uses a simplex

communication system so that you can hear the moderator talking, without

having the possibility to reply, a cell phone is a duplex device permitting you to

talk to the person who started the call. It sends and receives radio signals using

cell sites located on specially built towers, poles or buildings, all being connected

to a large cabled network with a switching system. The smart thing is that cell

phones send data to the nearest cell sites located at maximum 13 Km away, this

after they are turned On, moment when it registers with the switch, using .


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When you are on the go, carrying your phone with, it is permanently detecting the

strongest signals from the base stations, so if a signal weakens, the handset care

is passed to the nearest cell site.

Your cell phone receives the phone call from a friend and this digital signal is


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transformed into analog signal, processed by the Digital Signal Processor, and

finally amplified via the built-in speaker. When you talk, the voice is detected by

the small microphone as analog, processed, and in the end transformed into

digital signal to be sent over the air.

The SIM card is a microchip called a Subscriber Identity Module, and the phone

is dependent on it to work. It is in charge with storing information like the calling

plan and other phones details, while having a unique numerical identifier used to

lock the device permanently after the first activation.

History of the Cell Phone

Who Invented the Cell Phone? If you want to know who was the first who got the

idea of creating a cellular phone the answer is the American Telephone &

Telegraph which is no other than AT&T from the United States, which was the

world's largest telephone company and the world's largest cable television

operator, with $300 billion dollars revenue. It was purchased by Baby Bell SBC

Communications in 2005.

In April 1973, Dr Martin Cooper, former general manager for the systems division

at Motorola, invented the mobile phone prototype and made the first call to Joel

Engel, his rival, head of research at Bell Labs.


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Copper was a project manager at Motorola and the worlds first mobile

phone was Motorola Dyna-Tac, a 2.5 pounds handset measuring 9 x 5 x 1.75

inches, featuring 30 circuit boards, 35 minutes talk time, 10 hours recharge time,

and having just three functionalities: dial, talk and listen. He, together with his


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colleagues, published the patent for the worlds first portable duplex radio

telephone system.

AT&Ts concept couldnt pass by the monopoly on the wired service in the US in

1915, so someone else had to finalize this, and the answer for your next question

- When was the first mobile phone invented? - is the year 1978 and the place

Japan. There, the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, known as the

most popular cell phone operator in the country, NTT DoCoMo, created the

worlds first commercial cell phone.

There are different types of mobile phones. Nokia Communicator launched in

1996 was the worlds first cell phone with Internet connectivity and email

functionality. The same company created the worlds first Smartphone.

NTT DoCoMo launched i-Mode, the first mobile Internet service, in 1999 in

Japan.

The first http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_message_service Short Message

Service message was sent in 1992 in the United Kingdom, but from a computer

to a cell phone, and the first text message sent from a phone to another phone

was in 1993 in Finland.

How many people own cell phones at this moment? We cannot be sure about the


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number, but at the end of last year there were 3.3 billion subscribers worldwide,

meaning half of the population on the globe, and if you take into account the fact

that maybe 50% of them own more than one cell phone, you could imagine a

higher number, of almost 4.5 billion. The cellular phone technology is the most

widely spread and the most popular gadget in the world.

(SOURCE:http://www.cameraphonesplaza.com/who-invented-the-cell-phone)


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Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework that will be used in the study is the Input-

Process-Output Model. In the IPO model, a process is viewed as a series of

boxes (processing elements) connected by inputs and outputs. Information or

material objects flow through a series of tasks or activities based on a set of rules

or decision points. (,Rubrico 1997) Flow charts and process diagrams are often

used to represent the process. (,Rubrico 1997) What goes in is the input; what

causes the change is the process; what comes out is the output. (Paso, 2001)

Figure 1 illustrates the IPO model:

Input Process Output

Figure 1 Input, Process and Output Model

y Program thehardware

y Connect all the

materials/devices

y GatherInformation and

researches about

the hardware

y Gather all the

materials needed

for the hardware

y Provides securityfor all houses and

establishments

properties

y Reduces crimes

rates


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Definition of Terms

SMS - stands forshort message service. SMS is also often referred to as texting,

sending text messages or text messaging.

Microcontroller- is an integrated chip that is often part of an embedded system.

Hardware - In information technology, hardware is the physical aspect of

computers, telecommunications, and other devices.

Software - is meant to be more self-contained and independent, and functions

as a tiny, dedicated computer.

Sensor - A device that measures or detects a real-world condition, such as

motion, heat or light and converts the condition into an analog or digital

representation.

Feasibility - Capable of being accomplished or brought about.


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CHAPTER 3

OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK

Project Design

Figure 2 Block Diagram

Attached

Cell phone

(Sender)

Button

Cell phone

(Receiver)


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Figure 3 System Flowchart


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Project Development

In developing the hardware, the researchers are discussing and

thinking first about the output, concept and the operation of the hardware.

The proponents done a research for gather more information and

techniques that can help the researchers to build the said hardware.

Evaluation / Validation Criteria

Discuss the parameters that will be used to evaluate the project in terms of

1. Technical Considerations

In technical considerations the user/s must consider and make sure that

the hardware is properly installed in order to run the hardware, make sure that

wires are not defective and the connection of all the devices are properly

arranged.

2. Operations

The first step in operating the House alarm culprit system, the user must

install first the sensor button of the said system-hardware in any desired location

(e.g. door, window) of the user's house. Then, after installing the censor button of

the system-hardware the user must consider that the cell phone

installed/connected to the microcontroller of the system-hardware has enough

loads to send text message/s to other cell phone. In order to receive text


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message/s from the system-hardware the receiver must always make sure that

the cell phone is always on and have signal. After all this steps, test the system-

hardware, go out with the SMS receiver phone and close the part of the house

where censor button located then open it and wait for the warning message in

the receiver's phone.

3. Schedule

Because the researchers are new to this kind of project, the researchers

initially start by researching information or data related to the project for a month.

The researchers studied how to configure and connect all the materials include to

the project. After all this process, the researchers start to develop, connect and

buy all the materials needed to finish the project for over a month. In the whole

summary of the projects development schedule, the researchers finished it in

more than three months.

4. Economic and Cost Effectiveness

Every owner wants a cost-effective system. But what does this mean? In

many respects the interpretation is influenced by an individual's interests and

objectives.

y Is it the lowest first-cost structure that meets the program?

y Is it the facility in which users is most productive?


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Yes, the developed system is very helpful to reduce expenses in any

establishments/houses it provides security and safety to the properties of the

owner. Instead of hiring a more security guard there is a SMS Culprit alarm

system that can detect intruders and warn the owner.

Design Instruments and Techniques

The instruments and techniques use din the collection of data for this study were:

a. Observations

Before developing the proposed system-hardware, the

researchers observed to some related hardware projects, the

purpose of this is to get a clearer and richer understanding of what

the proponent need to do to develop this kind of hardware, to know

what kind of materials needed, what are the capabilities of the

researchers project must have.

b. Research

The researchers visited some libraries such as the Adamson

University and the Quezon City library in order to gain more

knowledge about the system-hardware requirements, the features

and how the project does is developed. And with the help of

internet, the development of the project made the researchers to

understand how to develop the same system.


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Chapter 4

Presentation of the Project Implementation

Before starting design work, some ideas require technical consultancy to

determine their technical feasibility and limit risk. Initial technical consultancy may

be required to assess the feasibility of the project and determine the correct

technical solutions. If the result of this is agreeable the development can start.

This chapter intends to study the possibility of completing a new

computerized system successfully. As it goes to the basic, the feasibly study

should provide necessary information to evaluate if the system is feasible to

be continued. The question and answer method have been employed to get

a clearer picture on this feasibility study answer method have been

employed to get a clearer picture on this feasibility study.

Technical Feasibility

In this part of the research, the technical aspects of the system will be

clarified.

The technical elements in the system will be confirmed and verified whether it is

practical and achievable.

1. Does the organization have the necessary equipment for the system?


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No.

They do not have the required equipment since they have only practiced a

manual system before. All the necessary hardware needs to be purchased and

long-time investments on the computer peripherals is essential.

2. Can the future technology be adopted in the system?

No. There would not be any future technology that will be adopted since the

stability of this future systems have not been tested yet. The current, reliable

technologies will be used in this system. It is important to keep in mind that in

advertisement industry, the computer technological advancement is not

prioritized.

3. Does the organization need any technical expertise?

Yes. The agency will have to do some minor maintenance and debugging. All the

staffs in the company are computer literates, thus they will be able to understand

and use the system with basic training.

4. Will the hardware and software platform be reliable?

Yes. Both the platforms will be reliable and their reliability will be tested carefully

to avoid any problems in the future.

5. Will the system be able to handle the projected growth of the

organization in the future?

Yes. There will be a backup provided and older datas will be recorded and kept

in a separate backup.


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Operational Feasibility

Operational feasibility involves considering whether the system is

appropriate with the working environment of the agency. All the terms (technical

terms) used in the research are elevated with the advertising terminologies

used in the working environment of the agency.

The main constrain of the feasibility study is to ensure the proposed

system gets the management support. As in this research, authorization is

obtained from an advertisement agency to conduct the research. Six

questions are used to clarify the operational feasibility study.

1. Do the users (staff) support the new system?

Yes they do. This is because all their opinion about the new computerized

system has been gathered. They believe that the new system can reduce the

errors during work and can simplify their job.

2. Are they satisfied with the current file based system?

No. The current manual system needs the staffs to perform every task manually.

For example, it is a difficult task to search for a booking and prepare (type) the

invoice. A computerized system will be easier to use. Computerized system also

will allow report generation that will be effective in decision-making.

3. Will there be any necessary for training?


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4.

Yes. There is a need for some basic training for few days to understand the

systems.

4. Will the new system result in a workforce reduction?

Yes. There will be a workforce reduction since the invoicing process will

be automated. Invoicing consumes most of advertisement agencies working time.

Thus, this gives an advantage to the management in reducing expenditure

whereretrenchment is possible.

5. Will the users be involved in the planning of the new system from the

beginning?

Yes. The staffs will be involved to provide ideas and expectation from the new

system

6. Is the schedule for development systematic?

Yes. This is possible due to the usage of the waterfall model, which is a discipline

approach It guilds the system's development in stages up to the system

implementation process.

Economic Feasibility

This economic feasibility is intended to be studied if there will be any

additional cost such as purchasing new hardware.


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1. Is there any special cost for people including the staff and users?

No. However some training cost will occur for the implementation of the new

computerized system.

2. Are there any special cost for the hardware and equipments?

No, The company has existing computer hardware and software that can be

used.

3. Is there any special cost for software?

No, all the software used in the system is a free open source software (FOSS) or

downloadable to the internet for free.

4. Is there any special cost for both formal and informal training?

Yes, there will be, but the cost will be minimal and the system will be developed

to be user friendly.

5. Will there be any licensing cost?

No licensing cost will occur since all the original software are purchased and

used only on a single pc. There is no connected pc or workstation, which would

require additional licensing.


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Table: Feasibility Study Conclusion

1. Some financial allocation is vital in purchasing the hardware and software but

the amount is not much and will not be a burden to the company.

2. Some basic training is required for the staffs to train them to use the system.

The business process will not be affected since the training requires minimal

time.

3. Since the research concentrates on migrating from a manual system to a new

computerized system, there might be some unforeseen problems occurring in

future. If the guidelines are followed, it can solve the problem. The well-

documented system development will give a clear idea on the systems

functionality and will be helpful to overcome these unforeseen events.

4. The new system provides both tangible and intangible benefits to the agency,

which on the other hand will increase the agencys competitive advantage. This

will also smoothen the management of the agency. These benefits are necessary

and desirable.


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Chapter 5 Summary of the Project Paper

Summary of Findings

Conclusions

Recommendations


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Documents

Hardware First Docu Final