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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Centro de Tecnologia Departamento de Engenharia Química Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA, REOLÓGICA E SENSORIAL DE IOGURTE OBTIDO PELA MISTURA DOS LEITES BUBALINO E CAPRINO Maria de Fátima Bezerra Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Roberta Targino Pinto Correia Co-Orientador: Prof. Dr. Domingos Fabiano de Santana Souza Natal/RN Fevereiro/2010

HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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Page 1: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

REPORT ON:

HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN

DERA GHAZI KHAN

DELAY ACTION DAMS ON SORI LUND

AND SORI ICHOSA HILL TORRENTS

MUHAMMAD AURANGZEB SOPHYANI 0.4 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER 11.4 SMALL DAMS DIVISION

IRRIGATION AND POWER DEPARTMENT os.‘ DERA GHAZI KHAN

Page 2: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

A STEP TOWARDS GREEN

REVOLUTION IN "PACHAD"

AREA OF DERA GHAZI KAHN

AND RAJAN PUR DISTRICTS

Page 3: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I acknowledge the encouragement and guidance provided by my seniors,

especially Mr. Iftikhar Ahmed Bhutta, Superintending Engineer, Project Circle

Irrigation Dera Ghazi Khan in preparation of this report.

I would also like to acknowledge the expert opinion and volunter

cooperation extended by Hafiz Muhammad Saeed Durrani, Sub Divisional Officer

(Retd) Irrigation and Power Department all the time in compilation of this paper.

I would also to appreciate the contributions of Mehar Muhammad

Younis, Mr. Mohsin Aziz and Mr. Ghulam Mustfa Sub Engineers of Irrigation and

Power Department for carrying out survey at for off and hard places with minimum

facilities and least resources.

In addition to these I acknowledge and admit the services of my official

staff, particularly, Mr. Riaz Ahmed Dak Runner, Mr. Muhammad Sultan Naib Qasid,

Mr. Muhammad Ayub Daffadar and Mr. Muhammad Sharif and Muhammad Faiz

Driver which they rendered with great zeal and zest in the interest of their own country.

Page 4: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

OBJECTIVES

* TO DISCOURAGE THE HORIZONTAL FLOW AND TO

ENCOURAGE THE VERTICLE MOVEMENT OF THE FEROCIOUS TORRENTIAL FLOODS.

• TO MINIMIZE THE DISASTERS OF THE HILL TORRENT

~~ FLOODS.

• TO INTRODUCE BETTER UTILIZATION OF FLOOD WATER

FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSE IN "PACAHD AREA".

TO ENHANCE CONSERVATION OF LAND.

p

• TO ENRICH THE SUB SURFACE WATER RESERVOIR.

• TO DEVELOP THE FORESTRY AND VEGETATION IN THE

AREA.

9 • TO BRING A PLEASANT CHANGE IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE OF THE SURROUNDINGS.

• TO UPLIFT THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC VALUES OF THE AREA.

TO PROVIDE DRINKING WATER TO THE LOCAL RESIDENTS.

V

• TO REDUCE THE RATE OF MIGRATION FROM "PACHAD"

AREA.

• TO MINIMIZE THE OPERATIONAL AND MAINTENANCE COST

V

ON THE IRRIGATION CANAL NETWORK IN DG KHAN.

V

Page 5: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

INDEX

1. 40

S.No. Description. Page No. k440

1. Necessity 1 44*

'1-4V 2. Back Ground History

3. Hill Torrents in D.G.Khan and Rajanpur Districts 6-7

4. Sedimentation in the C.C.A of C.R.B.C, D.G.Khan & Dajal Branch 8

5. Delay Action Dams on Sori Lund and Sori Khosa Hill Torrent 9-13

6. Delay action Dam on Gokhar Thal 14-15 Tributary of Sori Lund

z=4 Hill Torrent(Pilot Project)

7. Design Perameter of Proposed -17 *411-0 delay action dam on Gokhar Thal

Tributary of Sori Lund Hill Torrent

41i0 8. Proposals with varying dam Height 18-30

alongwith their Estimated Cost

al/

Page 6: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

N E C E S S I T Y.

D.G.Khan and Rajanpur Districts have an

area of about six million acres. Out of this six million acre

three million acre is hilly and mountanious area, where water-

shed management and delay action dams can be introduced.

Secondly the Pachad area comprises other two

million acre of the area, which is totally at the mercy of rain

and ferocious flood. Remaining one million acres is blessed with

canal irrigation network. The total six million acre of both

districts have a very meager water budjet, but unfortunately the

two million acres of fertile and virgin land of Pachad is baran

due to "NILL" water resources.

This 2 million acre of land require immediate

attention of all the department and functionries,to share their

responsibilities in the development of such a huge quantum of

plain cultureable area.

Small dam division of irrigation and Power

Department is trying to tame the ferocious water of the torrents

originating from Suleman range. In addition to the control in

devastation of lands and infrastructure, these proposed delay

action dam will enable "PACHAD" to contribute its share in

food and fibre demand of the country.

Page 7: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

BACK GROUND HISTORY.

Various investigation had been conducted to explore

storage on the hill torrents at the right bank of River Indus

in D.G.Khan and Rajanpur Districts before independence but no

final results were taken out from these studies to construct

the dams in the Suleman range mountains. MR.CLEXTON the then

Executive Engineer, Indus Canal Division(inundation canal system)

of District D.G.Khan did some work on hill torrents in 1930-33.

He investigate and proposed three dams on the following sites.

NAME OF TORRENT. DAM SITE.

i) SANGHAR HARNBORE.

ii) VIDORE. PISHI.

iii) KAHA. NILA BUND.

MR.CLEXTON also described the poor geology of the

area and no other site was considered fit for construction of

storage dam in the area. In 1944-46 RAI BAHADUR LAL KANWER SAIN

Superintending Engineer, Derajat Circle, D.G.Khan worked and

formulate schemes for constructing storage dams at the sites

given below:-

NAME OF TORRENT.

i) MITHAWAN.

ii). KAHA.

In his report he highlighted the sedimentation and

silting problem of the proposed reservior. The scheme for

providing storage dams at Mithawan and Kaha was dropped due to

its poor geology, poor financial return and pre-partition

turmoil.

DAM SITE.

CHOTI BALA.

NILA BUND.

-2 -:

Page 8: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

After independence the work was again started

in 1954 and the bund Circle of Irrigation Department Punjab

carried out the preliminary investigation for constructing

dams in this area of D.G.Khan. In 1957, hill torrent Division

of Derajat Circle was opened to execute the work in "PACHAD"

area. Investigation for Small Dams and large dams were continued

under the hill torrent Division, but no well defind project was

materialized. In 1958-59 Government of Pakistan deputed F.A.O

expert MR.G.E.MEADE to study and work on D.G.Khan hill torrents.

MR.G.E.MEADE proposed storage dam on "KAHA" hill torrent at

MURANJ, but the work did not proceed further due to gelogical and

other technical issues. MR.G.E.MEADE said that no other site is

suitable for storage dam in this area because of its,

i) Poor Geology.

ii) Unapproachable and inaccessible sites.

iii) Steep slope.

iv) Heavy silt deposition.

v) Poor dam life.

In May 1965, hill torrent Division was closed and

the task was entrusted to Small Dams Organization of Agriculture

development corporation but no fruitful results could be achieved

from this change. From 1975-78 MR.MOHAMMAD ISMAIL SHAHEED and

MR.ABDUL HAMEED REHMANI, Superintending Engineer,Derajat Circle,

D.G.Khan worked for harnessing of the hill torrents in D.G.Khan

and Rajanpur Districts. These two learned Engineers applied

various Techniques to handle the ferocious hill torrent floods.

MR.REHMANI proposed check dams to break up the ferocity of the

flow at suitable sites.

: -3- :

Page 9: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

In 1995 a Project Circle under the Chief Engineer,

Irrigation and Power Department was created at D.G.Khan and

all the work regarding the hill torrents in D.G.Khan and

Rajanpur areas were assigned to Superintending Engineer,

Project Circle(Irrigation), D.G.Khan. In 1997 Flood Damages

Restoration Project Division at D.G.Khan was converted into

Small Dams Division under Superintending Engineer, Project Circle,

(Irrigation), D.G.Khan. Small Dams Division has been working to

harness the torrential floods since 1.1.1997. The basic objective

of Small Dams Division is to construct Small Dams at the suitable

sites in the mountainious area to facilitate the residents of the

"PACHAD" area. After detail inspection and survey, few delay action

dams are proposed on Sori Lund and Sori Khosa.

The objectives and design of these proposed delay action

dams are discussed in this report. There structure named as delay

action dam will have a great contribution to the development of the

"PACHAD" area.

EXECUTIVE ENGINEER SMALL DAMS DIVISION

DERA GHAZI KHAM.

: -4 :

Page 10: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

***0 HILL TORRENTS IN D.G.KHAN AND RAJANPUR DISTRICTS.

I. The torrential area of D.G.Khan and Rajanpur

1.141 District is located between the Indus River and the Suleman

444, range bordered by province of Sindh, Baluchistan in the west

and N.W.F.P in the North. 1440

'40 Koh Suleman range bordering the entire western

side of D.G.Khan and Rajanpur Districts in a length of 205 miles, *44

is the source of hill torrent flood. About forty five percent of

4■10 the total catchment area lies in the two districts and the

*1440 remaining 55% in the province of Baluchistan. The entire

mountaineous range is devoid of vegetation. The mountain range

•440 alongwith its catchment area is totally dry. The formation at the

1"8410 lower height comprises huge deposits of sediments which are being

washed down by the rain and carried away by the torrential floods‘

*440 The area on the right side of the Indus River which is uncommanded

4140 and unirrigated by local canal Irrigation network is known as

"PACHAD" area is rich and fertile i.e.the virgen sediments from

the mountains and hill are brought down with freshet. But

4**411 unfortunately the crop raising is poor, on account of uncontrolled

6140 hill torrent and flashy flows. The abnormal and ferocious

torrential floods, their termendous momentum and quantum in the 4140 "PACHAD" area are dependent on the following factors.

4140 1. Catchment area.

'440 2. Duration and intensity of rain fall.

*140 3. Longitudnal slope or gradient.

*440 These three factors are highly inter-related

440 with each other. The torrents having the less catchment area may

%IV have more discharge than the torrents in the area due to its

greater intensity of rain fall or slope or vise versa.

*40 Mostly the ferocity of the torrential flood is

related to the intensity and duration of the rainfall in the 4410

catchment area. The longitudnal slope is also a major cause of

140 ferocious velocity.PACHAD area has a steep bilateral slope i.e.

40 from middle leading to the north and south direction both.

140 :-5-:

40

Page 11: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

There are 10 major hill torrents with verying catchment

areas and slopes in the "PACHAD" area. These hill torrents

-alongwith their respective catchment areas lying in Punjab

and Baluchistan are given below:-

S.No. Name of H/Torrents. Gross catchment area in Sq:mile.

Catchment area in Punjab Sq:mile.

Catchment area in Baluchis-tan Sq: mile.

Maximum discharge in Cs: recorded with year.

YEAR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1. Kaura. 197 197 67423 1975

2. Vehova. 1017 117 900 90098 1977

3. Sanghar. 1856 632 1224 125377 1976

4. Sori Lund 202 202 79850 1994

5. Vidore. 203 203 80431 1978

6. Sakhi Sarwar. 65 65 28322 1975

7. Mithawan. 284 284 131734 1978

8. Kaha. 2050 504 1546 118500 1978

9. Chachar. 256 177 79 85500 1984

10. Sori(Shumami,Janubi) 749 168 581 53500 1983.

Total:- 6879

2352 4527 Sq:mile. Sq:mile. Sq:mile.

In addition to the above 10 Nos major hill

torrents. There are about 193 Small torrents locally known

as "CHUR" have an additional catchment area of 1278 Sq:mile.

A few hill torrents are running with some prennial discharge

locally called as "KALA PANI".

KAHA. 30 Cs:

SANGHAR. 45 Cs:

VEHOVA 50 Cs:

: -6-- :

Page 12: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

Suleman range extending in the north and south M\40

direction rises upto 2000 meter above Sea level, usual 101\40

attitude is more than 1000 meter above the sea. It comprises 11111\00

hard sedimentary rocks of pre-territory age with central 0.01440

anticline axis called Port Manro. The "PACHAD" area in 10\40

D.G.Khan have a vast potential for cultivation, but this

10\40 drainage basin fails to utilize such a valuable irrigation

6114114 water. Rainfall during monsoon month, mostly in July and

614440410 August bring horrible flood with high concentration of

6\40 sediments and eroded material. This complicated behaviour

6\40 of the hill torrent due to uncertain and abnormal floods

111%44410 have left D.G.Khan hill torrent area Socia-economically

16m40 behind. Most of the"PACHAD" area looks like a barren land

11144"40 the productivity in Pachad area is undoubtedly poor as

1164„4,0 compare to the canal irrigated area.

10\40 Flood irrigation is applied in the "PACHAD" area

1164410 on the basis of "SAROPA PAINA" which means that the land ownel.

10\40 having lands in the head reaches shall have the right to use

0\40 the water first for'his terraced irrigation than the lower.

N%%410 This process continue in the descending order up to the last

641440 land owner. Though the land owners try to apply flood

irrigation, but the scheduled stable irrigation is impossible

EXECUTIVE ENGINEER

1441444 SMALL DAMS DIVISION

DERA GHAZI KHAN.

111111446

11104410

:-7-: %No

even during the rainy season.

h%441■1110

144441410

Page 13: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

-111.

11411 oft,

SEDIMENTATION IN THE C.C.A OF C.R.B.0 D.G.KHAN AND DAJAL BRANCH.

army

bur, The silt laiden water of torrential floods

spread a thick layer of silt and sediments in downstream

1°40 area every year. After effecting the "PACHAD" culturable

area, it raises the N.S.L of the C.C.A lying under D.G.Khan 440

Canal, Dajal Branch and Chishma Right Bank Canal (under *140

execution). The sediments volume per year in these areas 041440

3 2 3 2 ranges from 800 M/Km/year to 1800 m/Km/year. This sedimentation

rate is a very alarming for the C.C.A of the above canal network. 14110

'1484 This continous silting phenomenon, of these flood

44140 may convert the canal irrigated area into uncommand land in

"fteW future. The delay action dams proposed will have a tendency

to minimize the sedimentation downstream of the structure. By *Ni

breaking the ferocity of the flood, it will restrict the

deposition of silt in the "PACHAD". '2'4%0

1014 4;0

111440

424%0

1444

:-8:-

Page 14: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

Mire

!,661,0410

DELAY ACTION DAMS ON SORI LUND AND SORI KHOSA HILL TORRENT.

6%40

Dams have been playing a vital role in 4%41,

decline and fall of the civilization since long.

1'11%40 There are various type of dam i.e.storage

%%40 dams, Irrigation Dams, flood control dams, and hydle

1414040 power dams. Dam may have single or multi purpose working

%%4 behaviour. In D.G.Khan many proposals since 1930 have

ftaftmo been made to harness the flashy flows,brusting from the

catchment of Suleman Range, but no final proposal

14%40 regarding the construction of Small or large dam is

%%40 finalized uptill now. MR.G.E.MEADE, MR.GLEXTON,

RAI BAHADUR LAL KANWAR SAIN indicated the sites for

14%40 storage dam as already briefed. But the execution

'1%140 could not taken in hand due to the abnormal behavior

of the flows. The hill torrent flood orginates from

Koh Suleman Range which is about 205 mile in length on 14"40

the western side of the D.G.Khan. This bionic flood

41441. hit D.G.Khan & Dajal Branch at various points with

11%10 disasterious momentum and then falls into the Indus

River finally.

11%%0 These torrents have a specific and criticle

%to charactiristics.

%4#00 1. Abnormal flows.

2. Ferocious Velosity.

3. Steeper Longitudnal slopes. 44o0

4. Heavy silt charge.

~40

Page 15: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

4140

1146410 5. Poor approach to the proposed dam sites.

411 6. Poor geology.

1111140 7. Termendous. momentum.

144•10 The Small Dams Division of Project Circle (Irrigation),

b°41111 D.G.Khan started investigation on Sori Lund and Sori Khosa hill

1144110 torrents. These torrents have a catchment area of 202 Sq: mile

4%10 and 26 Sq:mile respectively. Considering the suitable catchment

area and sites, survey work for Sori Lund and Sori Khosa is started 4%10

in First Phase. 4441,

NAME OF TORRENT. SITE OF THE DELAY ACTION DAM.

1. Sori Lund. Misnit.

2. Sori Lund. Jangu.

3. Sori. Lund. Pishi.

4. Sori Lund. Choat.

5. Sori Lund. Shaheed.

6. Sori Lund. U/S 3500' Zinda Pir RD.19300.

7. Sori Lund. Ghokhar Thal.

8. Sori Lund. 1000 Ft U/S Darrah.

9. Sori Khosa. 3000 Ft U/S Darrah.

tatildp

: -10: -

440 After observing the topography, geology, X-Section,

L-Section and financial constraints, the delay action dams at

4444/ suitable sites are proposed on Sori Lund and Sori Khosa hill

torrents. 141440

Eight Nos of delay action dams on "SORI LUND" and 1"1410

11144.-

One No, on "SORI KHOSA" are proposed at the following sites.

Page 16: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

Keeping in view the steep longitudnal slope ranging

from 1/1000 Ft to 19/1000 Ft, high rate of sedimentation and

poor geology of the area the storage dam is not feasible at these

torrents, so the delay action dams to harness the flood water are

proposed at the above sites. The delay action dams are actualy a

type of Small Dams having a height of 30-40 Ft with spillway and

dam or spillway cum dam. By considering the financial constraints

and limitation, the local available material i.e.shingle and stone

is only advised in the construction of delay action dams.

The main. objective of the delay action dam is to discourge

the horizontal flow and encourge the the verticle movement of flood

water. The sub surface water level in "PACHAD" area is below more

than 250 Ft. The delay action dam with spillway height of 20' will 2

insert a pressure of 1250 lbs/Ft by weight on the upstream bed level

of the weir.

This vertical load will enable the water to penetrate into

sub surface porous strata. This repid perculation and absorption

proces will enrich the under ground strata. Due to heavy silt

carrying capacity of the torrent, serious sedimentation occours on

the U/S of the delay action dams. The sedimentation brought by the

torrential flow pertain a porous material like silt, shingle and

stone/boulders. These all contents have a great capability to entre

and retain water in it. This verticle and lateral absorption of

water will provide a sweet water zone in the area. The seepage

and perculation of water in multiple direction will introduce/natural

spring culture in the barran area.

:-11:-

Page 17: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

The other major objective of the delay action dam

is to break the threat and continuity of the bionic floods. The

1140 construction of delay action dam will reduce the rate of flood

"VP damages by these flashy flows. These dams on tributries and main

140 torrents will increase the duration of the torrential flow. The

1/14, extension in the duration of flows will provide better Irrigation

and cultivation chances in the "PACHAD" area.

In addition to rais in sub soil water table and

Rimol -enriching of the undersigned water reservoir, these type of delay

1440 action dam will introduce land conservation in the hilly and semihildy

%140 catchment area. The sediments brought by the flood will fill the

11%0 cavities and gaps between the hills and rocks upstream of the dam

%%0 site. Sedimentation phenomenon in the spaces of the semi hilly area

and mountain will creat various new patches of fertile and cultureable

440. land.

The attain the required .height more than 20 Ft,

'40 multistage delay action dam may be constructed to enhance land

1440 conservation upstream of the structure. This multistage as shown

1141. in Fig:No.5 & .6 will reduce the cost and efforts required for

"40 construction.

"40 This process of land conservation will flatten the

1440 longitudnal slope of the area, which is major cause of the ferocity

4440 of the flows. These delay action dams have a multidimentional

40 benifits, i.e:-

40 1. Conservation of land.

NO 2. Provision of drinking water to the local abadies.

3. Recharging of under ground water acquifer. kw, 4. Minimization of the losses due to flood destruction.

440

140

:-12:- %4111

Page 18: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

''44441,40

5. Flattening of the longitudinal slope.

14414, 6. Development of the forestery and vegetation.

4141,410 7. Change of Climate.

4440, 8. Development of the live stock culture.

%NO 9. Uplifting of socio-economic values.

41441110 10. Reduction in the ferocity of flood.

11. Provision of better flood irrigation in"PACHAD". 11111%% ~~

12. To complete with food and fibre crises etc:

: -13: -

Page 19: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

DELAY ACTION DAM ON GOKHAR THAL TRIBUTARY OF SORI LUND HILL TORRENT (PILOT PROJECT).

"GOKHAR THAL" is a tributary of Sori Lund

hill torrent, falling just down stream of the Zinda Pir.

It is a "CHUR" of Sori Lund, with 11 Sq; mile catchment area.

Various villeges are lying in the surroundering of Gokhar Thal

tributary.

Zinda Pir, a village famous due to tomb

of pious man renowned as "ZINDA PIR" is situated about 2000'

from the dam site. Thousand of peoples from all over the

country gathered here every year, in the month of March-April Vc

participate "MELA" ceremony of Zinda Pir.

The delay action dam is proposed U/S of

"GHORA MUTAR" and Zinda Pir, as a Pilot Project of the other

schemes in the Pachad area.. All the villeges including

Zinda Pir, Ghora Mutar and other have least water resourse

for irrigation as well as drinking purpose. The prennial water

of Gokhar Thal usually named as "GHORA MUTAR" has a heavy

contents of SULPHER, and IRON, with a very Stinky and bad smell

of Hydrogen -Sulphide. The hot springs of Zinda Pir has also

heavy sulpher contaminated water, which get dried during hot

summer season.

This delay action dam proposed at Gokhar Thal

will facilitate, all the villeges in the vicinity and

surrounding. These structure will enable local abadies of the

area to utilize water for irrigation and drinking purpose.

: -14 - :

Page 20: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

This Pilot Project of Gokhar Thal will prove as a gateway

of development for 20 Lac acres of barani land in Pachad

area.

Its results will encourge us to tame and harness

other horrible torrential floods in the area."INSHALLAH".

Page 21: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

100

DESIGN PERAMETER OF PROPOSED DELAY ACTION DAM ON GOKHAR THAL

1140 TRIBUTARY OF SORT LUND HILL TORRENT(FOR 40' Ft HEIGHT OF DAM).

40

Catchment area of Gokhar Thal. =11 Sq:mile.

Last four high flood observed. 140

1) 1959 33690 Cs.

2) 1964 41093 "

3) 1975 50676 " %NO

4) 1994 79550 " "1140

Average Discharge =205009 =51252 Cs.

4

Total Catchment area in Son i Lund. =202 Sq:Mile.

Flobd Discharge Per Sq:mile. =51252 =253 Cs.

202 %40

"40 Flood discharge of Gokhar Thal Tributary.=11x253 =2783 Cs.

1140 Effective Water way. =W= 2.40 Q2 i

Cr

IN!

Q= Maximum discharge.

'NO Cr=Co-efficient of roughness =For gravel and

Hard soil =2.0

4440

W= Effective water way.

7 W= 2.40 ( 2783)

*40 2.0)

W= 90.0 Ft

'NO Height of the flood water over the area of spillway.

3/2

%MO Q= C.B H

3/2

2783 =3.0x90x H 4W,

3/2 H =2783

3x90

1■41 H= 4.73 Feet.

*WO

40 : -16-:

■40

Ire

Page 22: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

B= Water way.

H= Height of water over the crest.

By putting the value in the equation. 3

Q= 3x164xH/2

2783 = 3x9OxH 3/2

H= 4.73 Ft.

Top crest level of the spillway =932.00

Top width of the spillway. =10.00

U/S, D/S slope of spillway =U/S 1.5:5, D/S 2:1

Height of spillway. (-Ve)

Height of water over the crest =4.73

U/S flood water level. =936.72

D/S Flood water level. =935.00

Water way at spillway. =90.00 Ft.

Total Discharge. =2783 Cs.

Catchment area. =11 Sq:Mile.

EXECUTIVE ENGINEER SMALL DAMS DIVISION DERA GHAZI KHAN.

Page 23: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

111104,41

(PROPOSAL No.1).

eft, SALIENT FEATURES OF DELAY ACTION DAM AT GOKHAR THAL, PILOT PROJECT OF SORI LUND HILL TORRENT(Spillway

ft*, at Right Side).

411410

411140

1.

2.

Hill Torrent.

Dam Site.

=Sori Lund.

=Gokhar Thal.

444 3. Discharge. =2783 Cs:

441440 4. Catchment area. =11 Sq:Mile.

44440 5. Water way of spillway. =90 Ft.

44440 6. Water way of dam. =350 Ft.

444440 7. Longitudinal slope. =14.35/1000

14111,40 8. Depth of water over spillway. =4.73 Ft.

9. Height of dam. =30 Ft. 111/44.

10. Height of spillway. =20 Ft. 61040

11. Estimated Cost. =Rs.24,51,000/- 6111410

12. 4+pproximate dentension capacity. =382 Acre Ft.

6414,

44440 : -18 -:

441440

44101140

Page 24: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

4. 59330 Cft.

*". 5.

140

'40

6

40

7.

9478 KG

18396 Cft

28734 Sft

11. ESTIMATED COST FOR CONSTRUCTING DELAY ACTION DAM AT GOKHAR THAL TRIBUTARY OF SORI LUND (Spillway on Righ Side).

(PILOT PROJECT)

ABSTRACT OF COST(For 1st proposal with 30 Ft dam Height

S.No. Quantity Description of Item and Rate. Amount.

1. 140600 Cft

Excavation in shingle or gravel formation and rock no't required balasting dressed lead upto 50' in dry soil. i)S.No.9(i)/28 =287/40 P.%o Cft for

100' lead.

ii)" "16(ii)/30(5.5) =22/- Extra 100' lead.

iii)" "13-C/31 =25/70 Dressing &leve-lling to design section.

Total:- =Rs.335/10 %oCft.

2. 44750 Providing and laying stone pitching/filling Cft dry based packed as filled behind retaining

walls or pitching and aprons.

S.No.27/133 @Rs.218/95 %Cft.

3. 15790 Supplying and dumping stone without boat Cft. including handling of material within

3 chains(shingle or spawl).

S.No.15,B/[email protected]/75 %Cft.

=Rs.471[5/-

=Rs.97980/-

=Rs.10803/-

Providing and laying stone pitching for top layers only on slope.

S.No_29(a)/134 @Rs.267/55 %Cft .Rs.105227/-

Small iron works such as gusset plates knees, bends,stirrups,straps,rings,etc: including cutting drilling rivetting handling assembling and fixing(but (excluding erection in position).

S.No.9/223 @Rs.846/20 1/224 @Rs.25/95 Errection & Fitting.

Total:- @Rs.872/15 P%KG. =Rs 82662/-

Supplying and filling stone or boulder in iron/wire crates including sewing crates (excluding cost of crates).

S.No.19(i)/132 @Rs.199/65 P%Cft. =Rs.36728/-

Providing and weaving G.I.wire netting crates with G.I.wire No.8 including siding and partition to make crates 4" to 6" mesh.

S.No.13(a)(iii)@Rs.206/- " (b)(111)@Rs.302/30

page 131,32 Total:[email protected]/30=254/15 P%Cft. =Rs.73027/-

: -19- :

Page 25: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

8. 138266 Cft. Carriage of 100 Cft, of all materials like stone aggregate spawl kankers lime etc: by truck or by any other means owned by the contractor in hilly Kaha area lead 5 miles.

S.No.1/2 @Rs.54/35 for 5 miles, pucca.

' 25% @Rs.13g59 hilly allowed.

Total:- @Rs.67/94 %Cft lead of 5 miles. .Rs.93938/-

Total:-

Rs.557480/-Add:Premium @300% on item No.1-8.

Add:Lum sum provision for survey & Investigation and approach road etc:(detail attached).

Add:3.5% Contingency and Workcharge.

=Rs.557480/-

=Rs.1672440/-

=Rs.143000/-

=Rs.78047/-

G:TOTAL:- =Rs.24,50,967/

SAY:- .Rs.24,51,000/-

Sub Divisional Officer, EXECUTIVE ENGINEER Small Dams Sub Division SMALL DAMS DIVISION

Dera Ghazi Khan. DERA GHAZI KHAN.

Page 26: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

(PROPOSAL No.2) 4111611140

hftft401

111146440

SALIENT FEATURES OF DELAY ACTION DAM AT GOKI-JAR THAL, PILOT PROJECT OF SORI LUND HILL TORRENT(Dam Height 50 Ft).

1411114140 1. Hill Torrent. =Sori Lund.

41414140 2. Dam Site. =Gokhar Thal.

46,08,040 3. Discharge. =2783 Cs.

4. Catchment area. =11 Sq:Mile. likaftlit#

5. Water way of spillway. =90 Ft. 464140

6. Water way of dam. =700 Ft.

464"4410 7. Longitudinal slope. =14.35/1000

41411■IF 8. Depth of water over spillway. =4.73 Ft.

116".1410 9. Height of dam. =50 Ft. 416,440

10. Height of spillway. =8.0 Ft.

44t4 11. Estimated Cost. =Rs.45,72,000/-

11164411 12. Approximate dentension capacity. =1552 Acre Ft.

111611410

-:21:-

Page 27: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

40 ESTIMATED COST FOR DELAY ACTION DAM AT GOKHAR THAL

410 TRIBUTARY,OF SORI LUND.

1.0 (PILOT PROJECT)

ABSTRACT OF COST (2ndproposal with 50 Ft dam Height).

S.No. Quantity. Description of Item and Rate. Amount.

1. 1076960 Cft Excavation in shingle or gravel formation and rock not required balasting dressed lead upto 50' in dry soil.

i)S.No.9(i)/28 @Rs.287/40 P.%oCft for

440

0000

'440

1441,

100' lead. ii) " " 16(ii)/30(5.5)@Rs.22/-Extra 100'

lead.

iii) " "13-C/31 @Rs.25/70 Dressing & lev: to des:section.

Total: 335/10 P.%OCft. Rs.360889/-

1440 2. 53220 Cft. Providing and laying stone pitching/filling dry based packed as filled behind retaining

111.1# walls of pitching and aprons.

7114. S.No.27/133 @Rs.218/95 P.%Sft =Rs.116525/-

1.14111 3. 61088 Cft Supplying and dumping stone without boat including handling of material within

11414110 3 chains (shingle or spawl).

S.No.15,B/132 @Rs.131/75 P.%Cft =Rs.80483/-

u1640 4. 104180 Cft Providing and laying stone pitching for top

'ft* layers only on slope.

S.No.29(a)/134 @Rs.267/55P.%Cft. =Rs.278734/-

5. 7492 Kg Small iron works such as gusset plates knees

*NV

'11%0

bends, stirrups,straps, rings, etc: i/c cutting drilling rivetting jandling assembling and fixing (but excluding erection in position).

1 * S.No.9/223 @Rs.846/20 " "1/224 @Rs.25/95 Errection & Fitting.

1%0 Total:- @Rs.872/15 P.%Kg -Rs.65341/-

oi 6. 12114 Cft Supplying and filling stone or boulders

1/%11. in iron/wire crates including sewing crates (excluding cost of crates).

111141 S.No.19(i)/132 @Rs.199/65 P.%Cft =Rs.24186/-

Page 28: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

11110 7. 256647 Sft. Carriage of 100 Cft, of all material

like stone aggregate spawl kankers lime etc:by truck or by any other means

11410 owned by the contractor in hilly Kaha area lead 5 miles.

140 @Rs.56/-P.%Sft =Rs.143722/-

4140 Tota;:- =Rs.1069880/-

NO Rs.1069880/-Add;premium @300% on item No.1-7. =Rs.3209640/-

NO Add:Lum sum provision for survey & investigation

"40 and approach road etc:(detail attached). =Rs.143000/-

4140 Add:3.5% Contingency and Workcharge. =Rs.149783/-

1440 G:TOTAL:- =Rs.4572303/-

'10 SAY:- .Rs.45,72,000/-

"NO

111140

1111110 Sub Divisional Officer EXECUTIVE ENGINEER Small Dams Sub Division, SMALL DAMS DIVISION

11111, Dera Ghazi Khan. DERA GHAZI KHAN.

aurNO

411410

111440

1%,

%N ~~

144110

%NW

-:23-:

*VI

Page 29: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

(PROPOSAL No.3).

SALIENT FEATURES OF DELAY ACTION DAM AT GOKHAR THAL, PILOT PROJECT OF SORT LUND HILL TORRENT(with Dam Height 45 FL).

U.

U.

40

U.

1.

2.

3.

Hill Torrent.

Dam Site.

Discharge.

=Sori Lund.

=Gokhar Thal.

=2783 Cs.

4. Catchment area. =11 Sq:Mi.le. U.

5. Water way of spillway. =90 Ft.

6. Water way of dam. =665 Ft. U.

7. Longitudinal slope. =14.35/1000

8. Depth of water over spillway. =4.73 Ft. 4,10

9. Height of Dam. =45 Ft.

*gip 10. Estimated Cost. =Rs.27,84,000/-

11. Height of spillway. = 3 Ft.

140 12. Tentative detention capacity. =992 Acre Ft.

1,41,

Now

: -24 -:

Page 30: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

tire ESTIMAPED COST FOR DELAY ACTION DAM AT GOKHAR THAL TRIBUTARY OF SORI LUND.

( PILOT PROJECT)

ABSTRACT OF COST( For 3rd Proposal with 45 Ft dalp Height.

S.No. Quantity. Description of Item and Rate. Amount..

1411.°

1111

1. 565060 Cft. Excavation in shingle or gravel formation and rock not required balasting dressed lead upto 50' in dry soil.

i) S.No.9(i)/28 @Rs.287/40 P.%oCft for 100' lead.

ii) " " 16(ii)/30(5.5)[email protected]/-Extra 100' lead. 1140

"awl

11.140

%ow

al*

11.46,

tato

Nero

oft*

wee

!to

2.

3.

4.

5.

36865 Cft

42267 Cft

69852 Cft

5172 Kg

iii) " "13-C/31 [email protected]/70 Dressing & Lev: -Rs.189352/-

=Rs.80316/-

=Rs.55687/-

=Rs.186880/

to design section. 1: 4Rs.T3EV10

P.%oat.

Providing and laying stone pitching/filling dry based packed as filled behind retaining walls or pitching and aprons.

S.No.27/133 @Rs.218/95 P.%Cft

Supplying and dumping stone without boat i/c handling of material within 3 chains(shingle or spawl).

S.No.15,B/132 @Rs.131/75 P.%Cft

Providing and laying stone pitching for top layers only on slope.

S.No.29(a)/[email protected]/55 P.%Cft

Small iron works such as gusset plates knees bends, stirrups, straps, rings, etc:i/c cutting drilling rivetting handling assembling and fixing(but excluding erection in position).

S.No.9/223 @Rs.846/20

" "1/224 ®Rs.25/95 Erection & Fitting.

Total:[email protected]/15 P.%Kg =Rs.45108/-

6. 8364 Cft Supplying and filling stone or boulder in iron/wire crates including sewing crates

1144, (excluding cost of crates). S.No.19(i)/132 @Rs.199/65 P.%Cft =Rs.16699/-

-:25:-

Page 31: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

7. 174831 Sft Carriage of 100 Cft, of all material like stone aggregate spawl kankers lime etc: by truck or by any other

40 means owned by the contractor in hilly Kaha area lead 5 miles.

40 @Rs.56/-P.%Cft =Rs.97905/-

40 Total:- =Rs.672356/-

110 Rs.672356/-Add:premium ®300% on item No.1-7. =Rs.2017068/-

we. Add:Lum sum provision for survey & investigation and approach road etc:(detail attached). =Rs.143000/-

%WO Add:3.5% Contingency and Workcharge. =Rs.94129/-

NO G:TOTAL:- =Rs.2783553/-

1140 SAY:- =Rs.2784000/-

"110

1.1461 Sub Divisional Officer, EXECUTIVE ENGINEER Small Dams Sub Division SMALL DAMS DIVISION Dera Ghazi Khan. DERA GHAZI KHAN.

1.18.16

4140

%NIP

1111"6

111"14

1%116

11441,

1404

411010i

111•4"

11•41:. .

: -26 -:

"410

11411&

Page 32: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

(PROPOSAL No.4)

SALIENT FEATURES OF DELAY ACTION DAM AT GOKHAR THAL, PILOT PROJECT OF SORI LUND HILL TORRENT(with damheight 40 Ft).

1.

2.

Hill Torrent.

Dam Site.

=Sori Lund.

=Gokhar Thai.

3. Discharge. =2783 Cs.

4. Catchment area. =11 Sq:mile.

5. Water way at spillway. =90 Ft.

6. Water way at Dam. =600 Ft.

7. Longitudinal slope. =14.35/1000

8. Depth of water over spillway. -4.73 Ft.

9. Height of Dam. =40 Ft.

10. Height of spillway. = Ft

11. Estimated Cost. =Rs.20,54,000/-

12. Approximate dentension capacity. 1 662 Acre Ft.

Page 33: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

441110

ESTIMATED COST FOR CONSTRUCTING DELAY ACTION DAM AT GOKHAR THAL 'IP TRIBUTARY OF SORI LUND.

NO ( PILOT PROJECT)

ABSTRACT OF COST' 4th Proposal for 40 Ft dam Height

1440 S.No. Quantity. Description of Item and Rate. Amount.

1. 261210 Cft Excavation in shingle or gravel formation and rock not required balasting dressed

NO lead upto 50' in dry soil.

i)S-No.9(i)/28 =287/40 P.%cCft for 444

144 0

*NIP

100' lead.

ii) " "16(ii)/30(5.5)=22/- Extra 100' lead.

iii) " " 13-C/31 =25/70 Dressing & Lev: to design section.

=Rs.87531/- Total:- =Rs.335/10 P%oCft.

44400

1444.

2. 33375 Cft Providing and laying stone pitching/filling dry based packed as filled behind retaining walls or pitching and aprons.

S.No.27/133 @Rs.218/95 %Cft. =Rs.73075/-

44140 3. 29652 Cft Supplying and dumping stone without boat i/c

%NIP handling of material within 3 chains(shingle or spawl).

S.No.15,B/132 @Rs.131/75 %Cft. =Rs.39067/-

4444 4. 47268 Cft Providing and laying stone pitching for top layers only on slope.

S.No.29(a)/134 @Rs.267/55 %Cft. .Rs.1241021-

4441i D. 5172 KG. Small ironworks such as gusset plates knees,

bends, stirrups,straps,rings,etc:including cutting drilling rivetting handling assembling

1444 and fixing(but excluding erection in position).

1444 S.No.9/223 @Rs.846/20

"1/224 @Rs.25/95 Errection & Fitting.

4444 Total:- ne.872/15 P% Kg. =Rs.45108/-

444

4444 6. 8364 Cft Supplying and filling stone or boulder in

iron/wire crates including sewing crates (excluding cost of crates).

446 S.No.19(i)/132 @Rs.199/65 P%Cft =Rs.16699/-

Page 34: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

1111. 7. 130476 Sft. Carriage of 100 Cft, of all materials like

stone aggregate spawl kankers lime etc:by truck or by any other means owned by the contractor in hilly Kaha area lead 5 miles.

@Rs.56/-P.%Cft. .Rs.73065/-

414. Total:- .Rs.461647/-

NIP Rs.461647/- Add premium 300% on item No.1-7 =Rs.1384941/-

1410 Add:Lum. sum provision for survey & Investigation

41•46 and approach road etc:(detail attached0). =Rs.143000/-

Ift4P Add:3.5% Contingency and Workcharge. .Rs.64630/-

1411440 G:TOTAL:- .Rs.2054218/-

1140 SAY:- .Rs.20,54,000/-

"40

°IND

eft* Sub Divisional Officer, EXECUTIVE ENGINEER Small Dams Sub Division SMALL DAMS DIVISION Dera Ghazi Khan. DERA GHAZI KHAN.

1114110

■411,

: - 29 - :

Page 35: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

ft41

4411

11P

NO

NO

40

1)

2)

3)

4)

TENTATIVE PROVISION FOR CONSTRUCTING DELAY ACTION ON GOKHAR THAL OF SORI LUND.

DAMS

Length of approach 3 hours per miles for Dozer 1000 miles 6 hours required @1000/

P/hour.

Idle hour charges and transportation.

Total:-

Drilling and investigation.

Soil Investigation.

- =Rs.6000/-

=Rs.4000/-

=Rs.10000/-

=Rs.10000/-

=Rs.10000/-

NO 5) Providing of running of Govt:Vehicle.

NO DETAIL

NO D.G.Khan to Gokhar Thal 70-KM

i) 3-trip in week for 1'S.D.0 =12x70x2 = 1680 KM

No ii) 2-trip in week for XEN. =8x70x2 = 1120 "

11440 iii) 3-trip for field staff. =12x70x2 = 1680 "

NO iv) 1-trip for Superintending Engineer. =4x70x2 = 560 "

Ni Total =4980 K.M

NO Rate per K.M running Govt Vehicle 4/60 P.K.M. =Rs.22908/-

Say:-Rs.23000/-

NO 6) Provision camp equipment for supervisory and inspectory, staff. =Rs.50000/-

NO 7) Provision of drinking water as not available at site within 10 miles of the area. =Rs.20000f-

NO 3) Provision of un-attractive allowance @25%

NIP of the Basic pay. =Rs.10000/-

'NO 9) Provision of PC-I Maps, L-Section and etc: =Rs.10000/-

40 G:TOTAL:- -Rs.143000/-

40

INOO Sub Divisional Officer EXECUTIVE ENGINEER Small Dams Sub Division SMALL DAMS DIVISION Dera Ghazi Khan. DERA GHAZI KHAN.

NO

-:30 46

Page 36: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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Page 49: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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Page 50: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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Page 51: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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A view for tomb of pious man "Zinda Pir" at Sori Lund Hill Torrent.

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A Place for. .uMtLA" ceremony at Zinda Pir

about 2000'. D/S of Gokhar Thal.

Page 52: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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A Dam site of Gokhar Thal Tributary of Sori Lund

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A Stinky and dirty water of Ghora Mutar with heavy

ifrc contents of Sulpher and iron having a bad smell of

rotten eggs i.e.Hydrogen Sulphide (KALA PANI).

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Page 53: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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A Dam Site at Shaheed of Sori Lund Hill Torrent.

Valley of Mauza Choath U/S Dam site of Sori Lund

Hill Torrent.

Page 54: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

D/S of Jangu Dam site on Sari Lund Hill Torrent.

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Discussion with the Local Baloachs.

Page 55: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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Searching for Dams on Son i Lund Hill Torrent.

Dam site of Choath on Son i Lund Hill Torrent.

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Page 56: HARNESSING HILL TORRENTS IN DERA GHAZI KHAN DELAY

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Dam site on Sori Khosa.

A Beautiful dam site of Phishi at Sori Lund Hill Torrent.