HAVE/ HAS + QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ use the present perfect tense to say that things haven’t happened up to now. Hoặc ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để

HAVE/ HAS + QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ

I have worked You have worked

We have worked They have worked

He has worked

She has worked

It has worked

I have eaten You have eaten

We have eaten They have eaten

He has eaten

She has eaten

It has eaten

Ví dụ: TO WORK

WORK + ĐUÔI ED (để tạo ra quá khứ phân từ)

WORK + ED = WORKED

Ví dụ: TO EAT

Cột 3 chính là quá khứ phân từ

Đ. từ có 3 cột: EAT ATE EATEN

CÂU PHỦ ĐỊNH

I have not worked

You have not worked

We have not worked

They have not worked

He has not worked

She has not worked

It has not worked

I have not eaten

You have not eaten

We have not eaten

They have not eaten

He has not eaten

She has not eaten

It has not eaten

have not = haven't

has not = hasn't

CÂU NGHI VẤN (= CÂU HỎI)

Have I worked ?

Have you worked ?

Have we worked ?

Have they worked ?

Has he worked ?

Has she worked ?

Has it worked ?

Have I eaten ?

Have You eaten ?

Have We eaten ?

Have They eaten ?

Has He eaten ?

Has She eaten ?

Has It eaten ?

CÁCH VIẾT TẮTI have = I've

We have = We've

They have = They've

You have = You've

He has = He's

She has = She's

It has = It's

TRONG TIẾNG ANH

GỌI LÀ:

CÁCH THÊM ĐUÔI EDWORK WORKED

HOPE HOPED

STOP STOPPED

TRY TRIED

Bài tập 1: Hãy viết quá khứ phân từ (past participle) của các động từ sau:

becomebeginbreakbringbuycomedrinkeatfallforgetgivehearholdkeepknowlie

learnleaveletmakepayputreadsayshutsitstandtaketellthinkwriteshow

Đáp án - Bài tập 1: Hãy viết quá khứ phân từ (past participle) của các động từ sau:

become - becomebegin - begunbreak - brokenbring - broughtbuy - boughtcome - comedrink - drunkeat - eatenfall - fallenforget - forgottengive - givenhear - heardhold - heldkeep - keptknow - knewlie - lain

learn - learnt/ learnedleave - leftlet - letmake - madepay - paidput - putread - readsay - saidshut - shutsit - satstand - stoodtake - takentell - toldthink - thoughtwrite - writtenshow - shown

Bài tập 2: Hoàn thành câu ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành

Ví dụ:1.John/ leave?

Has John left?

2.Why/ Fiona/ go home?

Why has Fiona go home?

3. Where/ you/ put the keys?

Where have you put the keys?

1. we/ pay?2. Tim/ phone?3. you/ hear the news?4. the dogs/ come back5. what/ Babarra tell the police?6. why/ Andy and Sarah/ bring the children?7. what/ you/ say to Mike?8. why/ everybody/ stop talking?9. you/ see/ Martin anywhere?

10. who/ take/ my coat?11. what/ happen?12. where/ my brother/ go?13. why/ Peter/ close the window?14. Judith/ pass/ her exam?15. the postman/ come?

Đáp Án - Bài tập 2: Hoàn thành câu ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành

1. we/ pay?➢ Have we paid?2. Tim/ phone?➢ Has Tim phoned?3. you/ hear the news?➢ Have you heard?4. the dogs/ come back➢ Have the dogs come back?5. what/ Babarra tell the police?➢ What has Babarra tell the police?6. why/ Andy and Sarah/ bring the children?➢ Why have Andy and Sarah brought the

children?7. what/ you/ say to Mike?➢ What have you said to Mike?8. why/ everybody/ stop talking?➢ Why has everybody stopped talking?

1. you/ see/ Martin anywhere?➢ Have you seen Martin anywhere?2. who/ take/ my coat?➢ Who has taken my coat?3. what/ happen?➢ What has happened?4. where/ my brother/ go?➢ Where has my brother gone?5. why/ Peter/ close the window?➢ Why has Peter closed the window?6. Judith/ pass/ her exam?➢ Has Judith passed her exam?7. the postman/ come?➢ Has the postman come?

KHI NÀO THÌ DÙNG THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH?

VỀ VIỆC ĐÃ LÀM VÀ KHI CHÚNG TA NGHĨ VỀ QUÁ KHỨ VÀ HIỆN TẠI CÙNG VỚI NHAU

Ví dụ:1. I have written to John.

Do vậy bây giờ John có bức thư trong tay và biết những gì đang diễn ra

2. I have made a cake. Do vậy giờ tôi có chiếc bánh, tôi có thể mời bạn ăn bánh.

3. Look, I have bought a new dress Do vậy giờ tôi có áo đầm mới, có thể cho

bạn xem ngay bây giờ

Thì Hiện tại hoàn thành khác thì Quá Khứ Đơn. Ví dụ:I bought a new dress last Saturday

Người nói chỉ nghĩ về thứ Ba tuần trước khi nói câu này (chỉ nghĩ về quá khứ, chứ không nghĩ đến hiện tại).

We've found oil in the garden. We've found oil in the garden yesterday.

A plane has crashed at Heathrow Airport.A plane has crashed at 3.15 this afternoon.


We can use the present perfect to say how often things have happend

up to now. (Để nói các sự việc đã diễn ra thường xuyên như thế nào tính

cho đến nay.)

Ví dụ:

1. That’s a wonderful film. I’ve seen it four times.

2. She has only been to Ireland once.

3. We’ve often wanted to come and see you.


We use the present perfect tense to say that things haven’t happened up to now.

Hoặc ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để chỉ sự việc gì đó tính đến nay vẫn chưa xảy ra.

Mary hasn't written to me this week. We haven't been to Paris this year

I have never seen a ghost. Who's that? I've never seen him before.

We use the present perfect to ask if things have happened up to now

Ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để nói sự việc gì đó tính đến nay đã xảy ra hay chưa

Has the boss phoned yet? Has the boss phoned today?

Have you broken your leg? Have you heard from Phil recently?

Have you ever seen a ghost?

BÀI TẬP 3: Hoàn thành câu ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành

1. I/ break/ my arm/ three times

2. Joe/ change/ his job/ twice this year

3. I/ often/ try/ to stop smoking

4. Tom/ phone/ me/ six times/ this week.

5. My father/ meet/ the Prime Minister/ twice

6. The police/ question/ Annie/ more than once

7. I/ only/ play/ rugby/ once in my life

8. My brother/ often/ help/ me/ in my work

9. Nobody/ ever/ understand/ her

10. I/ never/ want/ to go to the moon.

Đáp Án - BÀI TẬP 3: Hoàn thành câu ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành

1. I/ break/ my arm/ three times

➢ I’ve broken my arm three times.

2. Joe/ change/ his job/ twice this year

➢ Joe has changed his job twice this year.

3. I/ often/ try/ to stop smoking

➢ I’ve often tried to stop smoking.

4. Tom/ phone/ me/ six times/ this week.

➢ Tom has phoned me six times this week.

5. My father/ meet/ the Prime Minister/ twice

➢ My father has met the Prime Minister twice.

Đáp Án - BÀI TẬP 3: Hoàn thành câu ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành (tiếp theo)

6. The police/ question/ Annie/ more than once

➢ The police have questioned Annie more than once.

7. I/ only/ play/ rugby/ once in my life

➢ I have only played rugby once in my life.

8. My brother/ often/ help/ me/ in my work

➢ My brother has often helped me in my work.

9. Nobody/ ever/ understand/ her

➢ Nobody has ever understood her.

10. I/ never/ want/ to go to the moon.

➢ I have never wanted to go to the moon.

KHI NÀO DÙNG THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH?

Ta thường dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành với ALREADY (có nghĩa là đã, sớm hơn

mọi người mong đợi) Already đứng sau have.

Ví dụ:

You are late. We have already started

‘Newspaper?’ ‘No, thanks. I've already read it.’

Ta thường dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành với yet (có nghĩa = ‘up to now', yet

thường đứng cuối câu.

Ví dụ: ‘Have you spoken to John yet?’

‘No, he hasn't come yet.


Ta thường dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành với just (có nghĩa= a short time ago).

Just đứng sau have

Ví dụ:

I have just come back from Spain.

The rain has just stopped.


We use the present perfect to say how long something has continued up to

now.

Ta thường dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để nói về việc gì đó đã diễn ra được

bao lâu tính đến hiện tại

Ví dụ:

I've been here since Tuesday. I’ve been here for three days.

I’ve known Mary since 2005. I’ve known Mary for a very long time.

I’ve had this car since April. I’ve had this car for six months.


We often use the present perfect to say how much we have done up to now.

Ta thường dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để nói ta đã làm được bao nhiêu tính

đến hiện tại

Ví dụ:

I've done six diferent jobs since Christmas.

I've done no work at all so far today. (so far = up to now)

Joe is saving $20 a week. He started 8 weeks ago. Up to now, he has saved $160.

He has been to Africa several times this year.

I’ve climbed a lot of mountains, but I’ve never been up to Mont Blanc.

Bài tập: Em hãy đặt 10 câu dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành

Sử dụng:

already recently

never lately

ever before

yet this year

just today

since this morning

for so far up to now

Lưu ý: Một vài cụm từ có thể vừa chỉ:

➢ an unfinished time (thời gian vẫn chưa kết thúc)

➢ a finished time (thời gian đã kết thúc)

Ví dụ như cụm: this morning

Ví dụ:

I haven't seen Carl this morning. (said in the morning - câu được nói vào buổi sáng)

I didn’t see Carl this morning. (said in the afternoon - câu được nói vào buổi chiều)

I’ve made lots of friends at university. (said by a student - câu được nói bởi 1 sinh viên của trường)

I made lots of friends at university. (said by an ex-student - câu được nói bởi một cựu học sinh)

Sự khác nhau giữa gone to và been to

Alex has gone to Rome (He is there now)

Sorry I’m late. I’ve been to the shops. (And come back)

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HAVE/ HAS + QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ use the present perfect tense to say that things haven’t happened up to now. Hoặc ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để